The denitrification deep-bed filter of a kind of permanent water level and the integration of change water level
Technical field
The utility model relates to filter tank, particularly relates to the denitrification deep-bed filter of a kind of permanent water level and the integration of change water level.
Background technology
Filtering technique is one of vital process procedure in advanced treatment of wastewater process, filtering technique has various ways, simply membrane filtration can be divided into, shallow-layer surface filtration and deep layer filter, membrane filtration due to system cloud gray model and maintenance cost very high, in general municipal wastewater process, application is restricted, shallow-layer surface filtration due to cost low, damage by water is little, small accommodation area, the factor such as easy for installation, the application of China's advanced treatment of wastewater field is comparatively extensive a few years ago, but because inflow requirement is meticulous, surface of filter medium easily blocks up, very easily lose filtering cloth head, back flushing frequency is high, cleaning efficiency is low, overcurrent efficiency is low, the factors such as function singleness, in recent years slowly in market of fading out.What require along with the senior advanced treatment of China's municipal wastewater process dephosphorization denitrogenation improves constantly, deep layer filter technology is subject to market extensive concern, deep layer filter is divided into again flow lifting type continuous filtration and falls the discontinuous filtration of streaming, be commonly called as owing to falling the discontinuous filtration of streaming the function also possessing denitrification denitrogenation and tiny flocculation dephosphorization while " run by gravity deep-bed filter " possesses filtering function, the multi-functional market that enjoys, a pond is favored.
Run by gravity deep-bed filter can be divided into permanent water level constant rate filtration and become water level filtration with varying rate two kinds of filter tanks both at home and abroad at present, and respectively there are unique relative merits in two kinds of filter tanks;
Permanent water level filter tank filtering velocity is constant, filter tank stable effluent quality, especially filter tank is when being used as denitrification denitrogenation, because water inlet does not have the aerobic process of waterfall stream, can save additional carbon, reduce filter tank running cost, winter operation also effectively can avoid the problem into the cooling of water waterfall stream, but when permanent water level filter tank is used as merely filter and remove suspended substances and removes total phosphorus, filtration efficiency and water resistant power impact load ability are far below change water level filter tank, valve regulated frequency is large, the easy loss of equipment;
Become water level filter speed belt wide, filter efficiency is high, and water resistant power impact load is strong, and the total weir of effluent trough controls filtering velocity water outlet, outlet water control valve standard-sized sheet, without the need to controlling opening of valve, equipment attrition is little, but there is water inlet waterfall stream aerobic process when denitrification denitrogenation pattern is run in filter tank, add carbon source consumption, cause running cost to waste, because water inlet waterfall stream easily causes water temperature to run off during winter operation, reduce denitrification denitrogenation efficiency.
Respectively there is the advantage of its uniqueness in two kinds of filter tanks, also there is respective shortcoming, on technological layer, in process choice, bring larger puzzlement to user and designing institute.
Utility model content
The utility model is to solve above-mentioned deficiency, provides the denitrification deep-bed filter of a kind of permanent water level and the integration of change water level.User can start the permanent water level in filter tank as required or become water level operational mode, also can in one group of filter tank, and unit filter tank is run permanent water level pattern and carried out denitrogenation, and unit filter tank is run change water level and filtered, and makes filter tank play maximum service efficiency.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model is realized by following technical scheme: the denitrification deep-bed filter of a kind of permanent water level and the integration of change water level, is characterized in that: comprise perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter, clean water basin and wastewater disposal basin,
Quartz sand filter, filter tank supporting layer, air water distribution system and braiding channel is provided with from top to bottom bottom described perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter, permanent-to become water level integrative biological filter to be provided with into Shui Zongqu and inlet channel, inlet channel one end connects initial filter water control valve, the other end connects backwashing sewer valve, backwashing sewer valve is connected in wastewater disposal basin by waste pipe, intake in total canal and be provided with into water nitre nitrogen detector, inlet channel is provided with arc water inlet weir plate, is provided with carbon source dosing system above total canal of intaking; Chi Ding installation unit housing and the ultrasonic liquid leveller respectively of permanent-change water level integrative biological filter; Described air water distribution system connects back flushing pressure lock and back flushing blower fan by back flushing air line;
Be provided with the total weir of effluent trough in described clean water basin, effluent trough Zong Yan side forms clean water basin effluent trough, is provided with water outlet nitre nitrogen detector, is provided with fresh water pump, installs filter tank PLC control system between clean water basin top apparatus bottom clean water basin in clean water basin effluent trough;
Braiding channel bottom described filter tank connects rising pipe, and rising pipe is provided with out water regulating valve, braiding channel by rising pipe with go out water regulating valve and be connected clean water basin effluent trough to clean water basin, described fresh water pump is connected to bottom braiding channel and is connected with filter tank; Be provided with sewage floating ball switch in described wastewater disposal basin, be provided with residual sea water pump bottom wastewater disposal basin, residual sea water pump connects blow-off pipe.
The degree of depth 1.8m-2.5m of described quartz sand filter.
The filtrate of described quartz sand filter is preferably spherical, and the coarse particles sea sand of surface irregularity homogeneous, effective size of grain is 2-5mm.
Described filter tank supporting layer height is 0.3-0.5m, and filter tank supporting layer passes through gradation composition by the pebbles of five kinds of different-grain diameters.
Principle of work of the present utility model: intaking enters filter tank inlet channel by total canal of intaking by initial filter water control valve, be uniformly distributed by arc water inlet weir plate gravity and enter filter tank, filter through quartz sand filter, after filtering, water passes through rising pipe through braiding channel, go out water regulating valve and the total weir of clean water basin effluent trough enters clean water basin, filter tank A water level and B water level and go out when water regulating valve runs for the permanent water level in filter tank to control, filter tank becomes filter tank water level when water level runs and is controlled by the total weir of clean water basin effluent trough, it is filter tank supporting layer below the quartz sand filter of filter tank, air water distribution system is made up of perforated pipe and W type filter block, for filter back washing provides large drag uniform gas distribution and water distribution, filter back washing blower fan and fresh water pump provide high strength pressurized air and the rear clear water of filter respectively, air water distribution system is sent into by back flushing air line and Valve controlling, backwashing wastewater enters wastewater disposal basin by pipeline and wash water valve, residual sea water pump is controlled backwashing sewage water to discharge outside pond by sewage floating ball switch, denitrification denitrogenation adds carbon source by carbon source dosing system according to the process water yield and nitre nitrogen removal amount, water inlet nitre nitrogen detector and water outlet nitre nitrogen detector on-line real time monitoring Inlet and outlet water nitrate nitrogen content, for system feedback data, realize carbon source and accurately add control.
Described filter tank sets out water regulating valve while clean water basin set out the total weir of tank on the outlet conduit of single lattice filter tank.The permanent water level in filter tank gathers filter tank change of level signal by single lattice filter tank ultrasonic liquid leveller when running, be sent to filter tank PLC control system in real time, Controlling System compares designated water level and real time water level, by the computing to the error of designated water level and water level variable of the PID closed loop controller of PLC control system, signal is exported to additional processing program, the aperture going out water regulating valve is adjusted in real time, makes water flow and flooding velocity keep balancing, realize the permanent water level in filter tank and run.Filter tank will go out water regulating valve when becoming water level operation and all open, and filter tank water level is controlled by the total weir of clean water basin effluent trough.Two kinds, filter tank operational mode is when filtering residual head and using up, filter back washing program is started by filter tank PLC control system, the suspended substance retained in filter tank enters wastewater disposal basin, recovers the filtering cloth head in filter tank, and filter tank reenters permanent water level or becomes water level filters operational mode.
The utility model advantage is compared with prior art: the utility model combines by adopting the control of effluent trough total weir and single lattice filter tank water outlet governor valve control, control filter back washing by PLC control system and drive nitrogen, biofilter unit sub-routine controls filter grid water outlet control valve opening by filter grid water level differential pressure value, realize the permanent water level in filter tank or become water level running, filter tank bimodulus runs and can switch flexibly, also individuation operation can be carried out as required, part filter grid is carried out permanent water level denitrification denitrogenation and is filtered, part filter grid is carried out the simple suspended substance of change water level and is filtered, realize two kinds, a set of filter tank mode mixture to run or running separately, make filter tank water outlet total nitrogen, the pollutent such as suspended substance and total phosphorus can qualified discharge, carbon source can be reduced again add and reduce energy consumption, improve filter efficiency.Permanent-become water level integration denitrification deep-bed filter can dephosphorization denitrogenation again can the pollutent such as filter and remove suspended substances, one pond is multi-functional can be run by bimodulus again, and following perseverance-change water level integration denitrification deep-bed filter carries the sharp weapon of mark transformation by becoming wastewater treatment in China dephosphorization denitrogenation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of permanent in the utility model-change water level integrative biological filter.
In accompanying drawing, 1, permanent-to become water level integrative biological filter; 2, clean water basin; 3, wastewater disposal basin; 4, filter tank supporting layer; 5, quartz sand filter; 6, braiding channel; 7, water regulating valve is gone out; 8, rising pipe; 9, the total weir of effluent trough; 10, back flushing clear water pipe; 11, back flushing pressure lock; 12, back flushing blower fan; 13, backwashing sewer valve; 14, sewage floating ball switch; 15, fresh water pump; 16, initial filter water control valve; 17, biofilter unit housing; 18, back flushing clear water control valve; 19, A water level; 20, B water level; 21, C water level; 22, inlet channel; 23, ultrasonic liquid leveller; 24, carbon source dosing system; 25, arc water inlet weir plate; 26, residual sea water pump; 27, air water distribution system; 28, PLC control system; 29A, water inlet nitre nitrogen detector; 29B water outlet nitre nitrogen detector; 30, back flushing air line; To intake total canal 31; Clean water basin effluent trough 32.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the denitrification deep-bed filter of a kind of permanent water level and the integration of change water level, is characterized in that: comprise perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter 1, clean water basin 2 and wastewater disposal basin 3,
Quartz sand filter 5 is provided with from top to bottom bottom described perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter 1, filter tank supporting layer 4, air water distribution system 27 and braiding channel 6, permanent-to become water level integrative biological filter 1 to be provided with into Shui Zongqu 31 and inlet channel 22, inlet channel 22 one end connects initial filter water control valve 16, the other end connects backwashing sewer valve 13, backwashing sewer valve 13 is connected in wastewater disposal basin 3 by waste pipe, intaking in total canal 31 is provided with into water nitre nitrogen detector 29A, inlet channel 22 is provided with arc water inlet weir plate 25, intake above total canal 31 and be provided with carbon source dosing system 24, water outlet nitre nitrogen detector 29B is provided with in clean water basin effluent trough 32, Chi Ding installation unit housing 17 and the ultrasonic liquid leveller 23 respectively of permanent-change water level integrative biological filter 1, described air water distribution system 27 connects back flushing pressure lock 11 and back flushing blower fan 12 by back flushing air line 30,
The total weir 9 of effluent trough is provided with in described clean water basin 2, effluent trough Zong Yan side forms clean water basin effluent trough 32, be provided with water outlet nitre nitrogen detector 29B in clean water basin effluent trough 32, be provided with fresh water pump 15 bottom clean water basin 2, between clean water basin 2 top apparatus, filter tank PLC control system 28 be installed;
Braiding channel 6 bottom described filter tank 1 connects rising pipe, and rising pipe 8 is provided with out water regulating valve 7, braiding channel 6 by rising pipe 8 with go out water regulating valve 7 and be connected clean water basin effluent trough 32 to clean water basin 2, described fresh water pump 15 is connected to bottom braiding channel 6 and is connected with filter tank 1; Be provided with sewage floating ball switch 14 in described wastewater disposal basin 3, be provided with residual sea water pump 26 bottom wastewater disposal basin 3, residual sea water pump 26 connects blow-off pipe.
Principle of work of the present utility model: intaking enters inlet channel 22 by total canal 31 of intaking by initial filter water control valve 16, be uniformly distributed by arc water inlet weir plate 25 gravity and enter perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter 1, filter through quartz sand filter 5, after filtering, water enters clean water basin 2 by rising pipe 8 by clean water basin effluent trough 32 through braiding channel 6, filter tank A water level 19 and B water level 20 and go out when water regulating valve 7 runs for the permanent water level in filter tank to control, when filter tank becomes water level operation, filter tank water level controls by means of only the total weir 9 of clean water basin effluent trough, the quartz sand filter 5 of permanent-change water level integrative biological filter 1 is filter tank supporting layer 4 below, air water distribution system 27 is made up of perforated pipe and W type filter block, for filter back washing provides large drag uniform gas distribution and water distribution, back flushing blower fan 12 and fresh water pump 15 provide high strength pressurized air and the rear clear water of filter respectively, control to send into air water distribution system 27 by back flushing air line 30 and back flushing pressure lock 11, backwashing wastewater enters wastewater disposal basin 3 by pipeline and backwashing sewer valve 13, residual sea water pump 26 is controlled backwashing sewage water to discharge wastewater disposal basin 3 by sewage floating ball switch 14, denitrification denitrogenation adds carbon source by carbon source dosing system 24 according to the process water yield and nitre nitrogen removal amount, water inlet nitre nitrogen detector 29A and water outlet nitre nitrogen detector 29B on-line monitoring are system feedback data in real time, realize accurately adding control.
When permanent-become the permanent water level of water level integrative biological filter 1 to run: intaking enters inlet channel 22 by total weir 31 that intakes by initial filter water control valve 16, be uniformly distributed by arc water inlet weir plate 25 gravity and enter perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter 1, filter through quartz sand filter 5, after filter, water is through braiding channel 6, rising pipe 8 and go out water regulating valve 7 and the total weir 9 of clean water basin effluent trough enters clean water basin 2, filter tank A water level 19 is set as filter tank constant water level filtering water level, filter tank change of level signal is gathered by ultrasonic liquid leveller 23, be sent to PLC control system 28 in real time, PLC control system 28 compares the permanent water level A water level 19 of setting and real time water level, by the computing of PID closed loop control system to designated water level and water level variable error, signal is exported to additional processing program, the aperture going out water regulating valve 7 is adjusted, water flow and flooding velocity is made to keep balancing, realize the permanent water level in filter tank to run, actual water level value is larger than designated water level value, the valve opening exported is also larger, in order to prevent out the frequent starting of water regulating valve 7, when the absolute difference of designated water level and actual water level reaches 50mm, go out the aperture adjustment of water regulating valve 7 once, all open when going out water regulating valve 7, when filter tank water level continues to rise to B water level 20, filter residual head is all used up, at this moment permanent-change water level integrative biological filter 1 needs carry out back flushing or drive nitrogen program, recover the filtering cloth head in filter tank, filter back washing or drive the timing relationship that nitrogen measures filter tank B water level 20 and filter back washing cycle by PLC control system according to ultrasonic liquid leveller 23 and determine, in the backwashing period of filter tank setting, the damage by water that in the denitrification denitrogenation process of filter tank, nitrogen bubble vapour lock causes is regarded as in the head loss that perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter 1 water level changes between A water level 19 and B water level 20, at this moment only need close initial filter water control valve 16 and go out water regulating valve 7, open back flushing clear water control valve 18 and fresh water pump 15, the hydraulic disturbance carrying out several minutes discharges the nitrogen bubble of being detained in quartz sand filter 5, just can recover the filtering cloth head of permanent-change water level integrative biological filter 1, after driving nitrogen EP (end of program), permanent-becoming water level integrative biological filter 1 recovers water inlet, reenter filter fortune running status, permanent-to become water level integrative biological filter 1 to filter backwashing period time of arriving setting working time or filter tank when driving nitrogen frequency higher than set(ting)value, PLC control system 28 starts filter back washing program, close initial filter water control valve 16 respectively and go out water regulating valve 7, back flushing pressure lock 11 is opened by backwash mode requirement is corresponding, back flushing blower fan 12, back flushing clear water control valve 18 and fresh water pump 15 carry out air purge, air water shuffles and clear water rinsing, close after EP (end of program) and open corresponding valve, water pump and blower fan, recover water inlet, permanent-to become the permanent water level running status that water level integrative biological filter 1 reenters inceptive filtering, the sewage in backwashing wastewater pond 3 is then controlled to discharge pond body according to sewage floating ball switch 14 in pond by residual sea water pump 26, vacate pond and hold the sewage of meeting back flushing next time.
When permanent-become water level integrative biological filter 1 become water level run time: intaking enters filter tank inlet channel 22 by total weir 31 that intakes by initial filter water control valve 16, be uniformly distributed by arc water inlet weir plate 25 gravity and enter perseverance-change water level integrative biological filter 1, filter through quartz sand filter 5, after filter, water is through braiding channel 6, rising pipe 8 and go out water regulating valve 7 and the total weir 9 of clean water basin effluent trough enters clean water basin 2, filter tank C water level 21 is controlled by the total weir of clean water basin effluent trough, permanent-to become water level integrative biological filter 1 to filter run duration and go out water regulating valve 7 and keep whole open mode, in filter tank, change of level does not adjust the aperture going out water regulating valve 7, when ultrasonic liquid leveller 23 measures filter tank water level arrival B water level 20 set(ting)value or filter tank arrives the backwashing period time of setting, PLC control system 28 starts filter back washing program, close initial filter water control valve 16 respectively and go out water regulating valve 7, back flushing pressure lock 11 is opened by backwash mode requirement is corresponding, back flushing blower fan 12, back flushing clear water control valve 18 and fresh water pump 15 carry out air purge, air water shuffles and clear water rinsing, close after EP (end of program) and open corresponding valve, water pump and blower fan, recover water inlet, permanent-to become the running status that water level integrative biological filter 1 reenters inceptive filtering, biofilter unit housing 24 can carry out scene adjustment to backwashing time and back flushing liquid level, carry out scene to intervene and manual operation back flushing, the sewage in backwashing wastewater pond 3 is then controlled to discharge pond body according to sewage floating ball switch 14 in pond by residual sea water pump 26, vacate pond and hold the sewage of meeting back flushing next time.
The utility model adopts run by gravity water inlet weir notch water distribution, filter bed adopts natural higher-grade coarse particles homogeneous quartz sand filter media, the preferred extra large sand of quartz sand filter media, effective size of grain 2-5mm, grain type requires spherical, shaggy homogeneous coarse particles filtrate, quartz sand filter degree of depth 1.8m-2.5m, there are enough filtering water protection depth and denitrification denitrogenation hydraulic detention time, suspended substance in sewage is blocked by filter bed, precipitation, diffusion, water power, the serial physical chemical actions such as electrostatic adhesion are retained by casting bed, quartz sand due to this particle diameter has good porosity, suspended substance can enter casting bed vertical-depth along with waterpower turbulent flow, reach Depth Filtration effect, go out water suspension can stablize lower than 5mg/l, because deep-bed filter belongs to Depth Filtration, casting bed retains suspended substance along journey, surface sludge load is up to 5kg/m
2/ d, back flushing frequency is low, and the filter cycle is long.Filter tank supporting layer passes through intersection gradation composition by the pebbles of five kinds of different sizes, and filter tank supporting layer height is 0.3-0.5m.Filter tank adopts permanent water level mode operation, avoid falling oxygenation into the high-order waterfall stream of water, reduce organic carbon source consumption, save denitrification operation cost, winter operation is avoided falling water temperature into a water high position and is run off, keep microorganism denitrification rate, ensure filter tank denitrification denitrogenation effect in winter, pond, filter tank one is multiplex, can denitrification denitrogenation again can filter and remove suspended substances, be the denitrification denitrogenation filter tank of entire-year, water outlet total nitrogen and suspended substance can meet the following the strictest emission standard of country.
Filter tank of the present utility model controls the water outlet of filter controlling filter tank respectively by the PID closed loop controller of PLC control system and the total weir of effluent trough, can run with permanent water level, can run to become water level again, the real permanent water level in change water level filter tank that realizes runs, and permanent water level filter tank becomes water level and runs.Filter tank arranges the total weir of clean water basin effluent trough simultaneously and install out water regulating valve on the outlet conduit of filter tank, the aperture of water regulating valve is controlled out by the PID closed loop controller of ultrasonic liquid leveller and PLC control system, reach the balance of filter tank Inlet and outlet water flow, realize the permanent water level in filter tank and run; All open variable valve, by control filter tank, clean water basin effluent trough total weir water level, realize filter tank and become water level operation.
The foregoing is only embodiment of the present utility model; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present utility model is limited; every utilize the utility model specification sheets and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present utility model.