The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, with reference to V-type filter tank andThe anti-nitre of DN
Change the technical characterstic in filter tank, propose a kind of combined water and air backwash system suitable for advanced nitrogen V-type filter tank.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of combined water and air backwash system, comprising air water distributor chamber, backwash air-water distribution tray and rhone is backwashed,
It is characterized in that:The air water distributor chamber is located at filter tank body bottom portion, and backwash air-water distribution tray and backwash rhone are located at
This body side surface of filter tank, backwash air-water distribution tray are provided with below backwash rhone in the backwash air-water distribution tray
Air inlet pipe, backwash water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are backwashed, water inlet pipe is backwashed and air inlet pipe is connected with filter tank bottom water distributing area;Instead
Wash-water gutter is connected above backwash air-water distribution tray with biofilter by back-flushing drainage weir;The recoil
Wash rhone and be provided with backwashing wastewater pipe;Air water distributor chamber is located at the lower section of filter plate in the body of filter tank, by what is installed on filter plate
Filter carries out water distribution and distribution;Backwash air-water distribution tray is connected with air water distributor chamber by air water dispensing orifice.
Further, it is positioned opposite using two filter tank bodies, the symmetrical distribution of air water distributor chamber;Backwash gas moisture
Slot allocation is among two air water distributor chambers, and backwash rhone is among two filter tank bodies.
Further, backwash rhone is connected with biofilter by top back-flushing drainage weir, back-flushing drainage weir
It is inclined plane towards biofilter side with wedge structure.
A kind of backwash technique based on combined water and air backwash system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step:
(1) liquid level is reduced to reduce discharge of wastewater, by controlling out water regulating valve that filter tank liquid level is reduced into certain altitude
After close out water regulating valve;
(2) air purge prepares, and introduces backwash air by backwashing air inlet pipe, backwash air inlet can form air cushion under filter plate
Layer;
(3) air purge, air-flow is evenly distributed by the filter of mounting arrangements on filter plate and flows upwardly into filter bed, larger flow velocity
Turbulivity in backwash air increase filter bed, the suspension being trapped is discharged, and the microorganism adhered on filtrate is peeled off;
(4) air water joint is rinsed, and backwashing water causes filter bed to a certain degree by backwashing water inlet pipe upwardly through filter bed
Expansion and fluidized state is presented, it is this expansion and fluidized state allow the suspension being trapped to elute and go out;
(5) be vented, stop supply and for backwashing water, it is static enter water-filling in excess air effusion;
(6) wash, open backwashing water, waste water caused by backwash will enter backwash rhone, useless by backwashing
Water pipe is discharged;;
(7) backwash terminates.
Further, for clear water reserviors of the water of backwash from processing water outlet.
Further, during step (6) backwash, still V-groove is kept to intake, the surface auxiliary intake by raw water, which is swept, washes and can add
The biomembrane and suspension of backwash in filtrate to the water surface are run through backwashing wastewater pipe and drained by speed, shorten backwash saving of time
Water.
Further, using the wedge shape buffering effluent weir backwashed at the top of rhone, avoid filtering when discharging backwashing wastewater
Stream is lost.
Further, before step (1), run time and the loss of flood peak are detected, according to system operation time or in advance
The loss of flood peak of setting starts, when running between to certain time or when detecting that the loss of flood peak is less than predetermined value, automatic start is anti-
Flushing process.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) suspension and excessive microorganism of the filter bed whole removing except retention after backwash;(2) while keep enough micro-
Biology is used for subsequent technique and run:(3) filtrate loss is not caused in backwash process (as run material);(4) water consume and energy consumption minimized;
(5) backwash procedure is automatic start and operation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail, it will be appreciated that content described herein is merely to illustrate
It is of the invention with explaining, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
It is a kind of Downward-flow biofilter in the present invention, applied to sewage disposal.More specifically, the present invention be it is a kind of according to
By the lower to streaming system of gravity filtration, using a kind of heavy filter material, filter bed is fully immersed in water, while reaches effective de-
Nitrogen, dephosphorization and the function of removing oil removal.This biological filtering tank process can be considered as advanced treating, and it is handled used in sewage second-level
Afterwards.
In Fig. 1, embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, a monomer V-type biofilter is made up of following component:One Rectangular Water Trough,
V-type, which is intake and sweeps wash water canal, is located at the side roof part of tank two, thus raw water accesses.Backwashing wastewater groove is located among filter tank, installation
There is backwashing wastewater pipe 33, thus backwashing wastewater is discharged.Microorganism with function of biological purification is largely attached to combine in filtrate 11
On 12.Supporting layer 13 times is overall filter plate, and the filter 14 being mounted thereon can ensure that biofilter water and air distributing is uniform, filter
Plate and thereon filter have good sealing property, are backwash gas water distributor chamber under filter plate.It is backwash gas under backwashing wastewater groove
Moisture slot allocation, go out water regulating valve 23 after backwash water inlet pipe 30, backwash air inlet pipe 31 and filter and thus access.Water is handled by water outlet
Regulating valve 23 is discharged, and backwashing wastewater is discharged after drainage weir to backwashing wastewater pipe 33.
Specific water treatment technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: filter process, raw water enters filter tank by V-type water inlet distribution canal, filtering downwards under gravity, according to
It is secondary by the biological filter bed of material, fine filtering layer, supporting layer and filter, and discharged by bottom;
Step 2: drive nitrogen process, closes water inlet, go out after water regulating valve is opened into liquid level reduction certain altitude to close after keeping filter
Close, then backwashing water is entered into filter tank bottom water distributing area via backwash water inlet pipe, life is upwardly into after carrying out water distribution by filter
Thing filter material layer, drive away the nitrogen bubble of accumulation in filtrate;
Step 3: backwash process, backwash air enters filter tank bottom via backwash air inlet pipe first, forms one
Air cushion layer;Then backwashing water again via backwash water inlet pipe enter filter tank bottom water distributing area, by filter carry out uniform blasting and
Enter biofilter material layer after water distribution, clean biofilter, backwashing wastewater is to a certain extent afterwards through the recoil at the top of biofilter
Discharged after washing waste water rhone to waste pipe.
First, the waste water to be treated such as bacteria filter system reception, intaking by V-type and sweep wash water canal 20 enters, and locates
Water outlet is discharged by going out water regulating valve 23 after the completion of reason.A kind of ceramic aggregate biological filtrate 11 of high-specific surface area is used in the system,
Contribute to the attachment and growth of microorganism.High-specific surface area filtrate, such asThe BIOLITETM that DN denitrification filter pools use
Clay filtering material, it can be used.The distinctive cellular structure of BIOLITETM clay filtering materials contributes to the attachment of microorganism, and filtrate is straight
Footpath scope is 1mm~5mm.
The ceramic aggregate biological filtrate 11 of high-specific surface area can be lived away from home a large amount of microorganisms, and (carbon source is added under appropriate environment
21) nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N and NO2-N) in water inlet, is removed, and retains the suspension in water inlet;Simultaneously in the side of coagulant 22
Help down, assist to remove the phosphate (PO4-P) and suspension in water inlet.
In addition to ceramic aggregate biological filter material layer 11, the bacteria filter system can also place quartzy sand filtration in the bottom of filter material layer 11 simultaneously
Material 12, plays further secondary filter;Quartz sand filter media bottom is gravel supporting layer 13, for supporting the He of filter material layer 12
11, and prevent filtrate 12 or 11 from blocking filter 14.Gravel supporting layer 13 can be made up of the gravel of different gradation.More specifically,
The size of the graded gravel is between 8mm~40mm.
The particle diameter of upper strata biofilter material 11 is more than the particle diameter of lower quartz sand 12, but density is on the contrary, so be advantageous to play
Respective advantage, the particle diameter of top filtrate 11 is larger, based on biological denitrificaion, and retains the suspension of bulky grain.Bottom filtrate 12
Particle diameter is smaller, mainly plays further retention fine suspension, the more preferable effluent quality of acquisition.Upper strata biofilter material and lower floor's stone
Sand particle diameter of filter medium is matched, and certain expansion rate and partial fluidised state are can reach in backwash, and backwash terminates rear extensive
It is multiple to be clearly layered 11 and 12.
Intake and enter (by taking sewage plant secondary clarifier effluent as an example) from the top of bacteria filter system, flow through filter material layer 11,12
After gravel layer 13, then through filter 14, finally go out water regulating valve 23 from bottom treatment and discharge.
Water level in filter process in filter tank, using Regulazur III control models, can be made by water outlet governor valve control
Water level substantially constant is filtered, so can both ensure stable effluent quality, can reduce carbon source without water inlet drop substantially again
Consumption.
In order to allow microorganism be preferably attached on filtrate 11 with it is effective remove water inlet in nitrate nitrogen, in most cases
Need additional carbon 21.Different types of carbon source can be used, such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid or sodium acetate.In running,
Microbes consume additional carbon by the use of the nitrate nitrogen in water inlet as electron acceptor.Due in bacteria filter system
Specific denitrification environment is maintained, the microbes adhered on filtrate 11 are consumed into the nitrate nitrogen in water, so as to handle out
The DO of water is generally below 0.5mg/L.Additional carbon 21 can be used as electron donor, facilitate the removal of nitrate nitrogen, final nitrate nitrogen meeting
Discharged in the form of N2.
Further optimization design, to ensure the continuous operation under this to streaming system, it is necessary to nitrogen program is driven in periodic operation, namely
The nitrogen bubble being accumulated in denitrification process in filter bed is removed by backwashing water, this helps to extend filter cycle and guarantee
The even running of system.Drive nitrogen program be by filter process stop water inlet, but continue filtering (go out water regulating valve 23 still to locate
In opening), water level decreasing is intake using backwash and removes nitrogen to close to after filter material surface, such used time very it is short also without
Waste water is discharged.
In bacteria filter system running, the suspension in water inlet can be retained by filtrate absorption first.With when
Between passage, suspension can accumulate in system, cause the loss of flood peak, even filter bed penetrates, and causes to handle out aqueous suspension
Concentration deteriorates, thus must remove the suspension of retention in time.Correspondingly, bacteria filter system contain backwash water inlet to
Assist the removal of suspension.
The key step of backwash procedure is as follows:Liquid level is reduced to reduce discharge of wastewater, by controlling out water regulating valve to filter
Pit level closes out water regulating valve after being reduced to certain altitude;
Air purge prepares, and introduces backwash air by backwashing air inlet pipe, backwash air inlet can form air cushion layer under filter plate;
Air purge, air-flow is evenly distributed by the filter of mounting arrangements on filter plate and flows upwardly into filter bed, larger flow velocity it is anti-
The turbulivity washed in air increase filter bed, the suspension being trapped is discharged, and the microorganism adhered on filtrate is peeled off;
Air water joint is rinsed, and backwashing water causes filter bed a certain degree of by backwashing water inlet pipe upwardly through filter bed
Expand and fluidized state is presented, this expansion and fluidized state allow the suspension being trapped to elute and gone out;
Exhaust, stop supply and for backwashing water, it is static enter water-filling in excess air effusion;
Washing, opens backwashing water, and waste water caused by backwash will enter backwash rhone, and pass through backwashing wastewater pipe
Discharge;
Backwash terminates.
Backwashing water can cause a certain degree of expansion of filter bed and present by backwashing water inlet pipe 30 upwardly through filter bed
Fluidized state, this expansion and fluidized state can allow the suspension being trapped to elute and go out.Waste water caused by backwash will
Discharged by backwashing wastewater pipe 33.
However, individually water backwash is difficult sufficiently to rinse the suspension that filtrate retains well, it is necessary to reference to air purge, is led to
Backwash air inlet pipe 31 is crossed to introduce.Air cushion layer 32 can be formed first under filter plate by backwashing air inlet, then be evenly distributed by filter
Flowing upwardly into, the backwash air of larger flow velocity can increase the turbulivity in filter bed, discharge the suspension being trapped, and by filtrate
The microorganism of upper attachment peels off.By regularly backwashing, excessive microorganism and the suspension being trapped can be removed, is ensured
The normal table operation of system.
V-type biofilter still keeps V-groove to intake in backwash, and the surface auxiliary so intake by raw water, which is swept, washes and can add
The biomembrane and suspension of backwash in filtrate to the water surface are run through backwashing wastewater pipe 33 and drained by speed, substantially reduce backwash
Time has simultaneously saved water.Wedge shape buffering effluent weir at the top of backwashing wastewater canal, can effectively avoid filterins media run-off.
For the backwash procedure of biofilter, following requirement can be met:(1) filter bed integrally must be gone after backwash
Suspension and excessive microorganism except retention;(2) while enough microorganisms must be kept to be run for subsequent technique:
(3) filtrate loss can not be caused in backwash process (as run material);(4) water consume and energy consumption must minimize;(5) backwash procedure is necessary
It is automatic start and operation.
Correspondingly, standard backwash procedure has been exploited for meeting the demand, while can in actual moving process
To be optimized and changed according to operating experience.Backwash procedure can be automatic according to run time or the loss of flood peak set in advance
Start.Water for backwash is generally from handling the clear water reserviors of water outlet.
Described automatic backflushing washing procedure and drive nitrogen program ensure that bacteria filter system operation and safeguard simple and reliable.
The biological filtering tank process can provide (1) individual layer circle heavy filter material, outstanding for attached growth of microorganisms and retention
Float;(2) high-specific surface area filtrate, to ensure attached microbial quantity abundance, other type filtrates of same volume are different from
(such as sand filtration), so as to ensure that higher pollutants removal rate;(3) using the air purge of upward flow during backwash;(4) answered according to specific
The automatic backflushing washing procedure formed with demand optimization.
Finally it should be noted that:The explanation of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, although to this hair
Bright to be described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing described technical scheme
Modify, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, made
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.