CN115211494A

CN115211494A - Antibacterial composition, antibacterial feed composition, and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115211494A
Application number: CN202210856764.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑文富; 李小兰; 赵宇亮
Original assignee: GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation
Current assignee: GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation
Priority date: 2022-07-20
Filing date: 2022-07-20
Publication date: 2022-10-21

Abstract

The invention relates to an antibacterial composition, which comprises nano calamine powder (with the grain diameter of 1-50 nm) and a traditional Chinese medicine composition (comprising hawthorn powder, medicated leaven powder, wheat flour, pumpkin seed powder and astragalus powder). The invention also relates to an antibacterial feed composition, which comprises at least 80% of basic feed, the antibacterial composition, garlic, methionine, lysine, choline chloride, calcium hydrophosphate, salt, white sugar, stone powder, compound vitamin, vegetable oil and water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of all the components in the antibacterial feed composition is 100%. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the antibacterial feed composition, which comprises the step of preparing the aqueous dispersion of the nano calamine, and the obtained nano calamine powder has uniform particle size distribution and has good antibacterial capability by matching with methionine, lysine and the like. The invention also relates to an antibacterial feed which can improve the immunity of animals and/or promote the growth of the animals.

Description

Antibacterial composition, antibacterial feed composition, and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antibacterial feeds, and particularly relates to an antibacterial composition, an antibacterial feed composition, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The addition of antibiotics to animal feed can ensure animal health and promote animal growth, thus saving feed and improving economic benefits, but a large amount of antibiotic abuse brings a series of problems for a long time, such as reducing the immunity and disease resistance of poultry and livestock, inhibiting the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract of poultry and livestock, destroying the original intestinal microecological balance and the like. The frequent eating of the animal products grown up with the feed containing antibiotics can increase the resistance to antibiotics, which is not good for health. Therefore, the research and development of the antibiotic-free feed has profound social significance and economic value.

CN108522844A discloses a graphene-loaded paulownia flower alcohol extract antibacterial agent, which is added into a feed to prepare an antibacterial feed instead of a traditional antibiotic, and has a good antifungal effect. CN108815426A discloses a compound Chinese medicinal antibacterial additive with antibacterial and immunity enhancing effects, but the antibacterial agent has complicated composition, and comprises herba gelsemii, fructus meliae azedarach, bulbus Allii, radix et rhizoma Rhei, herba Portulacae, rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, semen Arachidis Hypogaeae, folium Artemisiae Argyi, etc. In addition, the problem of the feed intake rate of animals is not considered in the existing scheme, and because most of the traditional Chinese medicines have bitter taste, the appetite of the animals is easy to decrease when the traditional Chinese medicines are added into the feed.

Therefore, the prior art needs to be improved, and an antibacterial feed with high biological safety, good antibacterial effect and good palatability needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an antibacterial feed composition which does not contain antibiotics, is natural and safe, has strong antibacterial capacity, and can also improve the feed intake rate of animals, promote the growth, improve the immunity of the animal body and prevent diseases.

The invention provides an antibacterial composition, which comprises nano calamine powder and a traditional Chinese medicine composition;

the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises hawthorn powder, medicated leaven powder, wheat flour, pumpkin seed powder and astragalus powder;

the particle size of the nano calamine powder is 1-50 nm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the antibacterial composition, the weight ratio of the hawthorn powder, the medicated leaven powder, the wheat flour, the pumpkin seed powder and the astragalus membranaceus powder is (0.1-9): (0.1 to 8): (0.1-15): (0.1-7): 1; and/or the like, and/or,

the weight ratio of the nano calamine powder to the traditional Chinese medicine composition is 1: (1-10).

The second aspect of the invention provides an antibacterial feed composition, which comprises at least 80 percent of basic feed by weight percentage, the antibacterial composition provided by the first aspect of the invention, garlic, methionine, lysine, choline chloride, calcium hydrophosphate, salt, white sugar, stone powder, compound vitamin, vegetable oil and water;

the sum of the weight percentage of the raw materials in the antibacterial feed composition is 100 percent.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the antibacterial feed composition comprises the following components by weight: 0.05 to 5 percent of nano calamine powder, 0.01 to 5 percent of hawthorn powder, 0.01 to 5 percent of medicated leaven powder, 0.01 to 5 percent of wheat flour, 0.05 to 8 percent of pumpkin seed powder and 0.01 to 5 percent of astragalus powder; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the basic feed comprises one or more of corn flour, soybean meal, buckwheat flour and cottonseed protein powder; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the water content of the antibacterial feed composition is 2-5%.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the antibacterial feed composition comprises the following components by weight: 2 to 15 percent of garlic, 0.01 to 1 percent of methionine, 0.05 to 2 percent of lysine, 0.01 to 5 percent of choline chloride, 0.5 to 3 percent of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.01 to 2 percent of salt, 0.01 to 5 percent of white sugar, 0.05 to 3 percent of mountain flour, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of compound vitamin, 0.5 to 5 percent of vegetable oil and water; and/or the like, and/or,

the weight portion ratio of the corn flour to the soybean meal to the buckwheat flour to the cottonseed protein powder is (3-35): (0.1 to 7): 1: (0.2-9); and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the weight part ratio of the methionine, the lysine and the chlorinated bile salt is (2-10): 1: (0.1-6).

A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial feed composition, comprising the steps of:

preparing an aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder, comprising the steps of: mixing the coarse calamine powder, the grinding balls and water, and performing ball milling at 100-800 rpm to obtain a water dispersion of the nano calamine powder;

mixing the aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder, basic feed, traditional Chinese medicine composition, methionine, lysine, choline chloride, calcium hydrophosphate, salt, white sugar, stone powder, multivitamin, garlic, vegetable oil and water to obtain an antibacterial mixture;

granulating the antibacterial mixture until the water content of the powder is 2-5% to prepare the antibacterial feed composition;

the particle size of the nano calamine powder in the nano calamine water dispersion is 1-50 nm;

the basal feed is as defined in the second aspect of the invention;

the Chinese medicinal composition is as defined in the first or second aspect of the invention.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method of the antibacterial feed composition, the step of preparing the aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder comprises: the mass part ratio of the crude calamine powder to the water is 1: (1-11); and/or the like, and/or,

the weight part ratio of the coarse calamine powder to the grinding balls is 1: (0.1 to 10); and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the material of the grinding ball is selected from one or more of zirconia, agate, silicon carbide and magnesia; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the grinding balls are a combination of grinding balls with three particle sizes of large, medium and small and are respectively marked as large grinding balls, medium grinding balls and small grinding balls.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method of the antibacterial feed composition, the large grinding balls have a particle size of 0.9 to 1.1cm, the medium grinding balls have a particle size of 0.6 to 0.8cm, and the small grinding balls have a particle size of 0.4 to 0.6cm; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the weight ratio of the large grinding ball to the medium grinding ball to the small grinding ball is (1-10): (1-10): (1-10).

The fourth aspect of the invention provides an antibacterial feed, which comprises the antibacterial composition provided by the first aspect of the invention, or comprises the antibacterial feed composition provided by the second aspect of the invention, or comprises the antibacterial feed composition prepared by the preparation method provided by the third aspect of the invention.

In a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of an antimicrobial feed as provided in the fourth aspect of the invention for enhancing the immunity and/or growth of an animal.

The antibacterial feed composition contains a proper amount of nano calamine powder, and is matched with traditional Chinese medicine components (such as astragalus powder, hawthorn powder and the like), basic feeds (such as corn flour, soybean flour, sweet potato powder and the like) and additives (such as compound vitamins, white sugar, garlic, bicarbonate, greening bile salt and the like) in a proper proportion, so that the prepared antibacterial feed has strong antibacterial capability, can prevent the poultry and livestock such as pigs, chickens and the like from having symptoms of diarrhea, fever and the like, and improves the immunity of the poultry and livestock so as to prevent the spread of infectious diseases such as avian influenza and the like among the poultry and livestock. Meanwhile, the feed has the characteristics of being rich and balanced in nutrient component collocation, having better palatability, being capable of promoting the growth of poultry and/or livestock and improving the feeding quality, and being applied to farmers and large-scale farms.

The feed with the traditional Chinese medicines with strong antibacterial property has poor palatability generally, so that the appetite of animals is influenced; in order to prevent the appetite of animals from being affected and prevent the traditional Chinese medicine feed added with a little traditional Chinese medicines from having good antibacterial property, most of the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial feed is added with antibiotics in a certain proportion to enhance the antibacterial property of the feed. Therefore, the antibacterial feed composition contains a proper amount of the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and the components such as the nano calamine powder, the garlic and the like are matched, so that the antibacterial feed composition not only has a good antibacterial effect and good palatability, but also can improve the feed intake rate and promote digestion and absorption.

The particle size of the calamine powder is 10-180 μm fine powder or superfine powder generally, and no technical scheme for preparing feed is recorded at present. The invention prepares the nano calamine powder with the average grain diameter of about 1-50 nm and modified by amino micromolecules by a wet ball milling technology, and has strong inhibition capability on bacteria such as escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans.

The preparation method of the antibacterial feed composition is simple to operate, controllable in cost and suitable for batch production of enterprises.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a Malvern particle sizer plot of nano-calamine according to one embodiment of the present invention, intensity (Percent) referring to light Intensity (%).

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the following description and examples and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the claims appended to the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Term(s) for

Unless otherwise indicated or contradicted, terms or phrases used herein have the following meanings:

as used herein, the term "and/or", "and/or" is selected to encompass any of two or more of the associated listed items, as well as any and all combinations of the associated listed items, including any and all combinations of any two of the associated listed items, any more of the associated listed items, or all combinations of all of the associated listed items. It should be noted that when at least three items are connected by at least two conjunctive combinations selected from "and/or", "or/and", "and/or", it should be understood that, in the present application, the technical solutions definitely include the technical solutions all connected by "logic and" and also the technical solutions all connected by "logic or". For example, "A and/or B" includes three parallel schemes of A, B and A + B. For example, a reference to "a, and/or, B, and/or, C, and/or, D" includes any one of a, B, C, and D (i.e., all references connected by "logical or"), any and all combinations of a, B, C, and D (i.e., any two or any three of a, B, C, and D), and four combinations of a, B, C, and D (i.e., all references connected by "logical and").

The terms "preferably", "better", and the like are used herein only to describe better embodiments or examples, and it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these terms.

In the present invention, "further", "still further", "specifically" and the like are used for descriptive purposes to indicate differences in content, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", etc. in the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or quantity, nor as implying any indication of the importance or quantity of the technical features indicated. Moreover, "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," etc. are used merely as non-exhaustive lists and should not be construed as limiting the number of instances to which they are equally applicable.

In the present invention, the technical features described in the open type include a closed technical solution composed of the listed features, and also include an open technical solution including the listed features.

In the present invention, where a range of values (i.e., a numerical range) is recited, unless otherwise specified, alternative distributions of values within the range are considered to be continuous, and include both the numerical endpoints of the range (i.e., the minimum and maximum values), and each numerical value between the numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise indicated, when a numerical range refers only to integers within the numerical range, both endpoints of the range are inclusive, and each integer between the endpoints is inclusive. Further, when multiple range-describing features or characteristics are provided, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, the ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to include any and all subranges subsumed therein.

The temperature parameter in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a constant temperature treatment or a variation within a certain temperature range. It will be appreciated that the described thermostatic process allows the temperature to fluctuate within the accuracy of the instrument control. Allowing fluctuations in the temperature ranges of. + -. 0.5 ℃ and. + -. 0.4 ℃ and. + -. 0.3 ℃ and. + -. 0.2 ℃ and. + -. 0.1 ℃.

Herein, referring to the units of the data range, if only the right end point is followed by a unit, the units indicating the left end point and the right end point are the same. For example, 20 to 40min indicates that the units of the left end point "20" and the right end point "40" are min.

In the present invention, the numerical range of the mass part ratio is referred to, and the mass ratio (W/W) and the part ratio are defined equivalently.

In the present invention, the size, particle diameter and diameter are not particularly limited, but generally mean values.

In the present invention, the weight may be in units of mass known in the chemical industry, such as μ g, mg, g, kg, etc.

The invention provides an antibacterial composition, which comprises nano calamine powder (with the particle size of 1-50 nm) with a proper particle size and a traditional Chinese medicine composition, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises hawthorn powder, medicated leaven powder, wheat flour, pumpkin seed powder and astragalus powder.

The antibacterial composition has a strong antibacterial effect, has a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 62.5ppm for resisting staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, has good palatability, and can be used for preparing feed.

In some embodiments, the particle size of the nano-calamine powder is 1 to 50nm, and further may be 30 to 50nm, such as 30nm, 32nm, 34nm, 36nm, 38nm, 40nm, 42nm, 44nm, 46nm, 48nm, 50nm, and the like.

In some embodiments, in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, the weight part ratio of the hawthorn powder, the medicated leaven powder, the wheat flour, the pumpkin seed powder and the astragalus powder is (0.1-9): (0.1 to 8): (0.1-15): (0.1 to 7): 1.

in some embodiments, in the antibacterial composition, the weight part ratio of the nano calamine powder to the traditional Chinese medicine composition is 1: (1-10). For example, 1.

In animal feeding, the quality of the feed is directly related to the growth of the poultry. If the fruit animals eat the polluted feed (such as the polluted feed polluted by harmful microorganisms), the symptoms such as diarrhea, fever and the like are easy to appear, even infectious diseases such as avian influenza, swine fever, brucellosis and the like are caused, and further, huge economic loss is caused. In order to avoid feed pollution, currently, a method of adding a large amount of antibiotics is generally adopted to obtain the antibacterial feed, and the abuse of the antibiotics has great harm and is mainly embodied in the following four aspects: one is as follows: the drug resistance of the poultry is easily caused, the treatment effect is poor, so that the addition amount must be increased continuously until the condition that the existing veterinary drug cannot be used for treatment occurs, the mortality rate of the poultry is high, and the breeding loss is large; and the second step is as follows: the antibiotic residues are easy to remain in poultry bodies and enter human bodies through a food chain, so that drug resistance is brought to people, and the residual antibiotic can influence the functions of the immune system of the human bodies; thirdly, the digestive and absorptive capacity is easily weakened, particularly after the antibiotics are excessively used, microorganisms with strong antibiotic sensitivity in the gastrointestinal tract are reduced, and flora with poor sensitivity is greatly propagated in the period, so that the digestive capacity of the poultry is weakened due to the damage to the microecological balance in the intestinal tract; fourthly, the method comprises the following steps: pathogenic cross infection, and after gastrointestinal microorganisms are eliminated by taking excessive antibiotics, favorable conditions are created for the invasion and propagation of in vitro microorganisms, so that pathogenic cross infection is easy to generate.

The second aspect of the invention provides an antibacterial feed composition which does not contain antibiotics, has strong antibacterial ability and good palatability, can promote animal feeding, digestion, absorption and growth, can improve animal immunity, prevent diseases and improve feeding quality.

In some embodiments, the antimicrobial feed composition comprises a basal feed and an antimicrobial composition, and further comprises garlic, methionine, lysine, choline chloride, calcium hydrogen phosphate, salt, white sugar, stone powder, multivitamins, vegetable oil and water, preferably, the antimicrobial composition is provided by the first aspect of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the antimicrobial feed composition comprises at least 80% by weight percent of a basal feed. In some embodiments, the weight percent of the base feed is 80% to 95%, and further can be 80% to 89%, for example 80%, 80.5%, 81%, 81.5%, 82%, 82.5%, 83%, 83.5%, 84%, 84.5%, 85%, 85.5%, 86.5%, 87%, 87.5%, 88%, 88.5%, 89%, etc., based on 100% of the total weight percent of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the basal feed is selected from one or more of corn meal, soybean meal, buckwheat meal, and cottonseed protein meal. In some preferred embodiments, the basal feed is a mixture of corn meal, soybean meal, buckwheat meal, and cottonseed protein meal. Furthermore, the weight portion ratio of the corn flour, the soybean flour, the buckwheat flour and the cottonseed protein powder is (4-30): (0.6-6): 1: (0.4-7). In some embodiments, the weight parts ratio of corn flour, soybean flour, buckwheat flour, and cottonseed protein flour is selected from (6-25): (1-4): 1: (0.7-3.5), (4-20): (2-4): 1: (3-3.5), (8-15): (1-2): 1: (0.5-1), (5-10): (1-2): 1: (0.5-1), (5-10): (1-2): 1: (1-1.5) and the like, for example, 65.

In some embodiments, the antibacterial feed composition comprises 0.13-23.5% by weight of the antibacterial composition (provided by the first aspect of the present invention), and further may be 0.8-20.5%. For example, 0.1%, 0.13%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 20.5%, etc. are given.

In some embodiments, the weight percentage of the nano calamine powder is 0.05% to 5%, further can be 0.05% to 0.5%, such as 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.12%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5%, etc., based on 100% of the total weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the amount of hawthorn flour is 0.01% to 5% by weight, and further can be 0.2% to 1% by weight, such as 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 1%, and the like, based on 100% by weight of the total antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the amount of the medicated leaven powder is 0.01% to 5% by weight, and further can be 0.2% to 1% by weight, such as 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 1% by weight, and the like, based on 100% by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the wheat flour is present in an amount of 0.01% to 5% by weight, and further can be present in an amount of 1% to 5% by weight, e.g., 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, etc., based on 100% by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the pumpkin seed flour is present in an amount of 0.05% to 8% by weight, and further may be present in an amount of 0.2% to 3% by weight, such as 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the total antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the astragalus membranaceus powder is present in an amount of 0.01% to 5% by weight, and further can be present in an amount of 0.05% to 1% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the total antibacterial feed composition, such as 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and the like.

In some embodiments, the total weight percentage of the hawthorn powder, the medicated leaven powder, the wheat flour, the pumpkin seed powder and the astragalus powder is 0.01% to 30%, further can be 0.02% to 26%, such as 0.02%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 2%, 2.6%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30% and the like.

The astragalus membranaceus is a medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicinal material, has mild nature and sweet taste, has the effects of tonifying qi, consolidating superficial resistance, suppressing sweating, detoxifying, promoting granulation, promoting diuresis and relieving swelling, and has the effects of enhancing the function of an immune system, promoting the hematopoietic function of bone marrow, resisting gastrointestinal ulcer, improving substance metabolism, enhancing the sexual gland function, resisting stress, delaying senescence and the like as the main components of the astragalus membranaceus are saponins, flavonoids and polysaccharides through modern medical research; the hawthorn has the functions of promoting digestion and strengthening the stomach, promoting qi circulation and removing blood stasis, and dissolving turbidity and reducing blood fat, and can be used for treating meat food stagnation, gastric cavity fullness, diarrhea and dysentery abdominal pain, blood stasis amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, heart and abdominal stabbing pain, chest obstruction and pain, hernia pain and hyperlipidemia through modern medical research. The hawthorn is an ideal natural composite organic acid supply source in the feed, so that the palatability of the feed can be enhanced, the feed intake can be increased, the digestibility of protein and fat in the feed can be increased, the feed consumption is reduced, the weight gain speed is increased, and the incidence rate of diarrhea and dysentery can be reduced; the medicated leaven has the effects of resolving food retention, eliminating stagnation, invigorating spleen and warming stomach, and is mainly used for treating food stagnation, dyspepsia, abdominal distention, inappetence, emesis and dysentery clinically; the wheat has the functions of promoting lactation, promoting digestion and resolving stagnation, and is mainly used as a feed additive for promoting digestion and absorption and improving the utilization rate of the feed; the pumpkin seeds have the effects of protecting gastric mucosa, promoting digestion and absorption, expelling parasites and improving the palatability of poultry. The hawthorn powder, the medicated leaven powder, the wheat flour, the pumpkin seed powder and the astragalus powder are matched with each other in proper amount, so that the growth of animals can be promoted, and the immunity of the animals can be improved.

In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the hawthorn powder, the medicated leaven powder, the wheat flour, the pumpkin seed powder and the astragalus powder is (0.1-9): (0.1 to 8): (0.1-15): (0.1 to 7): 1, further may be (0.2 to 8.5): (0.2-7.5): (0.2-14.5): (0.2-6.5): 1, for example 0.2:0.2:0.2:6: 1. 0.3:0.5:0.2:5: 1. 0.5:0.2:0.2:4: 1. 0.4:0.4:0.4:4.5: 1. 1:2:1:10:1, etc.

In some embodiments, the antibacterial feed composition comprises 0.05-5% of nano calamine powder, 0.01-5% of hawthorn powder, 0.01-5% of medicated leaven powder, 0.01-5% of wheat flour, 0.05-8% of pumpkin seed powder and 0.01-5% of astragalus powder.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the antibacterial feed composition comprises appropriate amounts of garlic, amino acids (such as methionine, lysine, etc.), inorganic salts (such as choline chloride, calcium bicarbonate, etc.), vegetable oil, white sugar, salt, stone powder, etc., and antibacterial nano calamine powder, and Chinese medicinal components such as hawthorn powder, medicated leaven powder, wheat flour, pumpkin seed powder, and astragalus powder, which are combined with each other, so as to achieve good antibacterial and immunity enhancing effects, and simultaneously improve palatability of herbivorous animals, feed intake rate, growth and meat quality.

In some embodiments, the antibacterial feed composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight, based on 100% of the total weight of the antibacterial feed composition: 2 to 15 percent of garlic, 0.01 to 1 percent of methionine, 0.05 to 2 percent of lysine, 0.01 to 5 percent of choline chloride, 0.5 to 3 percent of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.01 to 2 percent of salt, 0.01 to 5 percent of white sugar, 0.05 to 3 percent of stone powder, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of multivitamin, 0.5 to 5 percent of vegetable oil and water.

In some embodiments, the weight percentage of garlic is 2% to 15%, and further may be 2% to 13%, such as 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, etc., based on 100% of the total weight percentage of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the vegetable oil is present in an amount of 0.5% to 5% by weight, and further can be present in an amount of 1% to 3% by weight, e.g., 1%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, etc., based on 100% by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

The garlic and vegetable oil in the present invention have a suitable ratio. In some embodiments, the ratio of garlic to vegetable oil is (0.25 to 35): 1, is beneficial to increasing the oral property of the feed and the viscosity resistance of the granulation.

In some embodiments, methionine is present in an amount of 0.01% to 1% by weight, and further may be present in an amount of 0.15% to 0.8% by weight, such as 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8% by weight, and the like, based on 100% by weight of the total antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, lysine is present in an amount of 0.05% to 2%, and further may be present in an amount of 0.08% to 0.8%, for example, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, etc., based on 100% total weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, choline chloride is present in an amount of 0.01% to 5%, and further can be present in an amount of 0.03% to 4.5%, such as, for example, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, etc., based on 100% of the total weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

As a feed additive, choline chloride can prevent fat accumulation and tissue degeneration in liver and kidney, promote amino acid recombination, and improve the in vivo utilization rate of amino acid, especially essential amino acid methionine. The antibacterial feed composition of the present invention includes appropriate amounts of choline chloride and amino acids.

In some embodiments, the weight part ratio of the methionine, the lysine and the chlorinated bile salt is (2-10): 1: (0.1 to 6), and further may be (2.5 to 9.5): 1: (0.2 to 5.5), for example, 2.5:1: 5. 3:1: 4. 2.7:1:5.2, 2:1: 4. 3:1: 3. 5:1: 2. 9:1:0.5, etc.

In some embodiments, the calcium hydrogen phosphate is present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% by weight, and further may be present in an amount of 0.8% to 2.5% by weight, such as 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, etc., based on 100% by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the salt is present in an amount of 0.01% to 2% by weight, and further may be present in an amount of 0.03% to 1.8% by weight, such as 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.6%, 1.8%, etc., based on 100% by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the white sugar is present in an amount of 0.01% to 5% by weight, and further may be present in an amount of 0.03% to 4.5% by weight, such as 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, etc., based on 100% by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

In some embodiments, the weight percentage of the stone powder is 0.05% to 3%, and further may be 0.08% to 2.7%, such as 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 2.7%, etc., based on 100% of the total weight of the antimicrobial feed composition.

The antibacterial feed composition contains appropriate amount of compound vitamin, which is beneficial to the healthy growth of animals. In some embodiments, the multivitamins include: vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12.

In some embodiments, the vitamin complex may be present in an amount of 0.01% to 0.1% by weight, and further may be present in an amount of 0.02% to 0.08% by weight, such as 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, etc., based on 100% by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition. In some embodiments, the antimicrobial feed composition comprises, based on the total parts by weight of the antimicrobial feed composition and 100 parts: 30 +/-m parts of iron, 3 +/-m parts of copper, 18 +/-m parts of zinc, 4 +/-m parts of iodine, 3 +/-m parts of selenium, 11 +/-m parts of choline chloride, 0.36 +/-m parts of vitamin A,0.085 +/-m parts of vitamin D,3.42 +/-m parts of vitamin E, 3.25 +/-m parts of vitamin K,0.25 +/-m parts of vitamin B1, 20 +/-m parts of vitamin B2, 15 +/-m parts of vitamin B6 and 0.002 +/-m parts of vitamin B12; wherein all m are the same, and m is 1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.1 or 0.

In some embodiments, the antimicrobial feed composition has a moisture content of 2% to 5%, which facilitates preparation and storage of the feed pellets and can enhance the oral properties of the poultry. Further, the water content may be 2% to 3%, further 2% to 2.5%, and examples thereof include water contents of 2%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 2.8%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and the like.

In some embodiments, the following components are included in the antibacterial feed composition in parts by weight based on the total parts by weight of the antibacterial feed composition and 100 parts by weight: 0.05 to 0.5 portion of nano calamine powder, 2 to 15 portions of garlic, 0.5 to 5 portions of vegetable oil, 55 to 70 portions of corn flour, 10 to 20 portions of soybean flour, 3 to 15 portions of buckwheat flour, 5 to 20 portions of cottonseed protein powder, 0.01 to 1 portion of methionine, 0.05 to 2 portions of lysine, 0.01 to 5 portions of cholate chloride, 0.5 to 3 portions of hydrophosphate, 0.01 to 2 portions of salt, 0.01 to 5 portions of white sugar, 0.05 to 3 portions of stone powder, 0.01 to 0.1 portion of multivitamin, 0.01 to 5 portions of hawthorn powder, 0.01 to 5 portions of medicated leaven powder, 0.01 to 5 portions of wheat flour, 0.05 to 8 portions of pumpkin seed powder and 0.01 to 5 portions of astragalus powder; wherein the weight portion of the nano calamine powder independently can be 0.05-0.5, and further can be 0.06-0.45, such as 0.06, 0.08, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.45 and the like; the weight parts of garlic may be independently 2 to 15, further 2 to 13, further 3.5 to 13.5, for example, 3.5, 3.6, 6, 6.3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 13.5, etc.; the weight fraction of the vegetable oil may be independently 0.5 to 5, further 0.6 to 4.5, still further 0.7 to 4.2, for example, 1, 1.2, 2, 3, 4, 4.2, etc.; the weight portion of the corn flour can be 55 to 70, further 58 to 68, still further 57 to 66, such as 56.59, 57.18, 65, 63, 64, 65, 65.5, 66, etc.; the weight fraction of the soybean flour may independently be from 10 to 20, further from 12 to 18, further from 7 to 12, such as 8, 10, 10.5, 11, 11.5, 12, etc.; the parts by weight of the buckwheat flour can be independently 3 to 15, further 5 to 13, further 7 to 10, such as 3, 7.2, 7.5, 9, 9.5, 10, etc.; the weight portion of the cottonseed protein powder independently can be 5 to 20, further can be 7 to 18, further can be 5 to 10, such as 5.31, 7, 8.5, 9.42, 9.9, 10 and the like; the weight portion of methionine may be independently 0.01 to 1, further 0.03 to 0.8, further 0.15 to 0.2, for example, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.2, etc.; the weight fraction of lysine may independently be from 0.0325 to 2, more preferably from 0.052 to 1.98, still more preferably from 0.052 to 1.17, examples being 0.221, 0.195, 0.13, 0.26, 0.35, 0.75, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.7, 1.9, 1.95, etc.; the weight fraction of choline chloride may independently be from 0.005 to 5, further from 0.0153 to 4.5, further from 0.25 to 4.2, such as 0.35, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, etc.; the weight fraction of calcium hydrogen phosphate may be independently 0.5 to 3, further 0.8 to 2.5, still further 0.9 to 2, such as 1.2, 1.5, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, etc.; the amount of the common salt may be independently 0.01 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably 0.03 to 1.8 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight, for example, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, etc.; the white sugar may be independently 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, further 0.03 to 4.5 parts by weight, and further 0.2 to 4.2 parts by weight, for example, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.2, and the like; the weight portion of the stone powder may be independently 0.05 to 3, further 0.08 to 2.7, further 0.2 to 2.5, for example, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, 2.5, etc.; the weight portion of the multivitamin independently may be 0.01 to 0.1, further 0.03 to 0.08, and further 0.02 to 0.07, for example, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, etc.; the weight portion of the hawthorn powder is independently 0.01 to 5, further 0.03 to 4.5, and further 0.2 to 4, such as 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, and the like; the weight portion of the medicated leaven powder can be independently 0.01 to 5, further 0.03 to 4.5, further 0.2 to 4, such as 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, etc.; the weight fraction of wheat flour may be independently 0.01 to 5, more preferably 0.03 to 4.5, still more preferably 0.05 to 4, for example, 1.2, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, etc.; the pumpkin seed powder may be 0.05 to 8 parts by weight, further 0.05 to 7.5 parts by weight, and further 0.1 to 7 parts by weight, for example, 0.5, 1.2, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, and the like; the weight portion of the astragalus powder may be independently 0.01 to 5, further 0.03 to 4.5, and further 0.05 to 4, for example, 0.08, 0.5, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, and the like.

The third aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the antibacterial feed composition, which has the advantages of simple preparation process, wide raw material sources, low price, high biological safety and controllable cost, and can realize mass production.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a method of preparing an antimicrobial feed composition comprises the steps of:

s100: preparing an aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder (first antimicrobial agent);

s200: mixing aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder, basal feed, chinese medicinal composition, methionine, lysine, choline chloride, calcium hydrophosphate, salt, white sugar, stone powder, multivitamin, garlic, vegetable oil and water to obtain antibacterial mixture; preferably, the basal feed is the basal feed provided by the second aspect of the invention, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition is the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention;

s300: and (4) granulating the antibacterial mixture until the water content of the powder is 2% -5%, and preparing the antibacterial feed composition.

Step S100: preparation of aqueous dispersions of Nanolanmaite

The nanometer calamine powder has certain preparation difficulty at present, and the key point is to solve the problem of agglomeration of nano particles after ball milling is reduced and to ensure that the nano powder has stable dispersibility. According to the method, the nano calamine powder which is good in dispersity and not prone to agglomeration can be prepared through a proper water milling method.

In some embodiments of the present invention, step S100 includes the following preparation steps of preparing an aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder: mixing the coarse calamine powder, the grinding balls and water, and performing ball milling to obtain the aqueous dispersion of the nano calamine powder. In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the ball mill is 100rpm to 800rpm, and further may be 240rpm to 780rpm, such as 100rpm, 200rpm, 300rpm, 400rpm, 500rpm, 600rpm, 700rpm, 800rpm, and the like.

In some embodiments, the weight part ratio of the raw calamine powder to the grinding balls is 1: (0.1 to 10), and may further be 1: (0.5 to 8), examples are 1:2. 1: 3. 1: 4. 1:5. 1: 6. 1: 7. 1: 8. 0.5: 1. 0.5: 2. 0.5: 3. 0.5: 4. 0.5: 5. 0.5: 6. 0.5:7. 0.5:8, and the like.

In some embodiments, the material of the grinding balls is selected from one or more of zirconia, agate, silicon carbide and magnesia. Further preferably, the binder may be zirconia and/or agate. In some embodiments, the material of the grinding balls is zirconia, and further, the grain size of the zirconia grinding balls is 0.08 to 0.12mm, for example, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, and the like. In some embodiments, the material of the grinding balls is agate, and further, the particle size of the agate grinding balls is 0.2 to 1.5cm, such as 0.2cm, 0.3cm, 0.4cm, 0.5cm, 0.6cm, 0.7cm, 0.8cm, and the like.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the grinding balls may be a combination of several grinding balls with different particle sizes, and the several grinding balls with different particle sizes may be of the same material or different materials. In some embodiments, the grinding balls are a combination of grinding balls with three particle sizes, namely large, medium and small grinding balls. In some preferred embodiments, the large grinding ball has a particle size of 0.9 to 1.1cm, the medium grinding ball has a particle size of 0.6 to 0.8cm, and the small grinding ball has a particle size of 0.4 to 0.6cm, and further preferably, the material is agate. In some embodiments, the large grinding ball has a particle size of 1cm, the medium grinding ball has a particle size of 0.7cm, and the small grinding ball has a particle size of 0.5cm.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the particle sizes of the large, medium and small grinding balls is (0.9 to 1.1): (0.6-0.8): (0.4 to 0.6), for example, 1:0.7: 0.4, 1.0:0.65, 0.45 and the like.

In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the large, medium and small grinding balls is (1-10): (1-10): (1-10), further may be (2-7): (1-9): (1 to 8), examples are 2:5: 4. 3:6: 6. 5:2:3, etc.

In some embodiments, the ball milling time is 0.2h to 8h, more preferably 0.5h to 5h, and exemplary ball milling times are, e.g., 0.2h, 0.5h, 0.8h, 1h, 2h, 5h, 8h, and the like.

In some embodiments, the aqueous dispersion of nano-calamine powder is dried at 100 ℃ to 120 ℃ to obtain nano-calamine powder.

Step S200: preparation of an antimicrobial mixture

In some embodiments, in step S200, an aqueous dispersion of nano-calamine powder (first antimicrobial agent), a basal feed, a traditional Chinese medicine composition, methionine, lysine, choline chloride, calcium hydrogen phosphate, salt, white sugar, stone powder, multivitamin, garlic, vegetable oil, and water are mixed to obtain an antimicrobial mixture; preferably, the basal feed is the basal feed provided by the second aspect of the invention, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition is the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention.

In some embodiments of the present invention, step S200 comprises the following substeps:

s210: mixing a first antibacterial agent, corn flour, soybean flour, buckwheat flour, methionine, hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, cottonseed protein powder, lysine salt, hawthorn powder, medicated leaven powder, wheat flour, pumpkin seed powder, astragalus powder, white sugar, choline chloride and compound vitamin to obtain a first mixture;

s220: mixing garlic, vegetable oil and water, and mechanically mincing to obtain a second antibacterial agent;

s230: and mixing the first mixture, the second antibacterial agent and water to obtain an antibacterial mixture.

In the step S210, the calamine powder in the first antibacterial agent is coated by methionine and lysine, which not only has better antibacterial property in cooperation with nano calamine, but also is more favorable for digestion and absorption by animals due to larger specific surface area of amino micromolecules carried by nano particles, thereby promoting better growth of animals.

In step S220, the garlic, the vegetable oil and the water are mixed, mechanically crushed and then mixed with the first mixture in step S230, which is beneficial to uniform dispersion. In some embodiments, the weight percentages of garlic, vegetable oil and water are (0.5-3.5): (0.1-2): (15 to 35), and further may be (1 to 3): (0.5-1.5): (10-30), and further may be (1-2.8): (0.55-1.4): (12 to 28), examples are 1:0.8: 28. 1.5:1: 25. 2:1.5:17. in some embodiments, the rotation speed of the mechanical crushing is 10 to 500rpm, more preferably 50 to 400rpm, and still more preferably 100 to 300rpm. In some embodiments, the stirring time is from 0.5 to 5 hours, more preferably from 0.5 to 3 hours.

Step S300: antibacterial feed composition

In some embodiments, the antimicrobial mixture is granulated to a powder moisture content of 2% to 5% to produce the antimicrobial feed composition. In some embodiments, the granulation is carried out at ambient temperature and pressure, and in some embodiments, the granulation temperature is from 22 to 25 ℃.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an antibacterial feed, comprising the antibacterial composition provided by the first aspect of the present invention, or comprising the antibacterial feed composition provided by the second aspect of the present invention, or comprising the antibacterial feed composition prepared by the preparation method provided by the fourth aspect of the present invention.

A large amount of antibiotics are added into the traditional antibacterial feed, and when the feed is used for feeding livestock, the immunity and disease resistance of the poultry and the livestock are reduced, the growth of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts of the poultry and the livestock is inhibited, and the original intestinal microecological balance is destroyed. Meanwhile, the frequent eating of the poultry food grown by the feed containing the antibiotics by human beings can indirectly enhance the drug resistance of the human beings to the antibiotics. The partially improved feed uses traditional Chinese medicines as antibacterial ingredients, the palatability of the feed is poor due to the large addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicines, the traditional Chinese medicines are expensive, the raw materials are not easy to obtain, and the cost saving and large-scale production are not facilitated. The antibacterial feed does not contain antibiotics, does not completely adopt a conventional traditional Chinese medicine compound antibacterial agent, and considers the antibacterial effect and solves the problem of poor oral property of the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial feed for poultry. The raw materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, and the large-scale production can be realized.

In a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of an antimicrobial feed according to the fourth aspect of the invention for enhancing the immunity and/or growth of an animal.

The antibacterial feed has the characteristics of high biological safety, stable and durable antibacterial performance and controllable cost, can prevent the symptoms of diarrhea, fever and the like of livestock (such as pigs), poultry (such as chickens) and the like, and can prevent the spread of infectious diseases such as avian influenza and the like among the livestock and poultry.

The antibacterial feed disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of rich and balanced nutrition component matching, better palatability, capability of promoting the growth of poultry and improving the feeding quality, and is widely applied to farmers and large-scale farms.

In some embodiments, the animal is poultry, further, a sanhuang chicken.

Some specific examples are as follows.

Experimental parameters not described in the following specific examples are preferably referred to the guidelines given in the present application, and may be referred to experimental manuals in the art or other experimental methods known in the art, or to experimental conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

Calamine powder: purchased from Guangzhou Jixian science and technology Limited company and having the model specification of A297189-500g.

The 50% silicon dioxide type choline chloride powder is purchased from Tanzhou Yuanheng science and technology development Limited company, model 67-48-1;

65% of L-lysine sulfate purchased from Ningxia Wansheng bioengineering, inc., model 60343-69-3;

ball mill: purchased from south Hunan Germany apparatus Ltd, model UBE-V2L, and a ball mill pot volume of 100mL.

The stirrer: yongkang city red sun electromechanical Limited, model: the eupatorium gardneri pulverizer is 2500 grams.

A granulator: hualai intelligent science and technology chemical industry, model: saz80001001.

Particle size: and (4) testing by using a particle size analyzer. The particle size analyzer is Malvern particle size analyzer manufactured by MALVERN PANALYTICAL LIMITED, model number ZSU3100.

In each of the following examples, the zirconia beads had a particle size of 0.1mm; the particle size of the agate beads relates to three specifications of 1cm, 0.7cm and 0.5cm, and is shown in each example in detail.

ELISA detection kit for chicken IgG, igA and IgM ELISA detection kit: an originally Xin organism.

1. Preparation of antibacterial feed

1.1 preparation of aqueous Dispersion of NanoCalamina powder (first antimicrobial agent)

1.1.1 ingredients: the raw materials of the first antibacterial agent were prepared in parts by weight (g) according to the following table (table 1).

TABLE 1

In table 1, "/" indicates that the component was added in an amount of 0, i.e., no first antibacterial agent was contained in comparative example 1 and comparative example 3; the grain diameter ratio (big: medium: small) of the grinding ball is 1:1.4:2.

1.1.2 preparation of the first antimicrobial agent: the purchased calamine powder is sieved by a 400-mesh sieve to obtain crude calamine powder with the particle size of 38 um. According to the raw material formulation of table 1, crude calamine powder and water were mixed in a weight ratio of calamine powder to grinding balls of 1:2.5 adding agate grindstone, and ball milling for 1h at 350rpm under normal temperature and pressure to obtain the aqueous dispersion of the nano calamine for later use.

1.2 preparation of the first mixture

1.2.1 ingredients: the starting materials for the first mixture, in parts by weight (g), were prepared according to the following table (table 2).

TABLE 2

In Table 2, the first antibacterial agent is the first antibacterial agent obtained in step 1.1, for example, "example 1-1" means "the first antibacterial agent obtained according to the formulation of example 1-1"; "/" indicates that the amount of the ingredient added is 0, that is, the traditional Chinese medicine composition is not contained in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2. 1.2.2 preparation of the first mixture: according to the raw material formulation of table 2, corn flour, soybean flour, buckwheat flour, methionine, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, salt, cottonseed protein powder, 65% l-lysine sulfate, hawthorn powder, medicated leaven powder, wheat flour, pumpkin seed powder, astragalus powder, white sugar, 50% choline chloride powder and multivitamin were mixed to obtain a premix, and then the first antibacterial agent and the premix were mixed in a weight ratio of 0.05.

1.3 preparation of garlic juice (second antimicrobial agent)

1.3.1 ingredients: raw materials of the second antibacterial agent were prepared in parts by weight according to the following table (table 3).

TABLE 3

1.3.2 preparation of second antibacterial agent: garlic, vegetable oil and water were mixed according to the raw material formulation of table 3, mechanically crushed, with a stirrer speed of 200rpm for 1 hour to obtain garlic juice for use.

1.4 preparing antibacterial feed

According to the weight ratio of 1.5:0.5:10 parts by weight of the second antibacterial agent, the first mixture and water. The temperature of the granulator is 85 ℃, the water content of the granulated material is 2.3 percent, the material returning times are 2.5 times, the materials are uniformly mixed, and the granulator performs granulation to obtain the antibacterial feed.

2. Particle size testing of nano calamine powder

The test method comprises the following steps: measuring the hydrated particle size;

testing an instrument: a Marvens particle size meter;

testing parameters: polystyrene latex; refactiveindex: 1.59; adsorption: 0.01;

the test results are shown in fig. 1, and the data analysis results of fig. 1 are shown in the following table (table 4).

TABLE 4

In Table 4, "-" means no deviation; Z-Average (nm) is Average particle size (nm), polydispersity Index (PI) is Polydispersity Index and is used for describing the distribution condition of particle size, the larger the PI is, the poorer the dispersibility of particles in a system is, the smaller the PI is, the more uniform the distribution is, the uniform distribution can be considered to be generally 0-0.3, peak One Mean by Intensity (nm) is that the main Peak Intensity is 47.99nm, and Peak One Area by Intensity (%) is that the Intensity is 100% at 47.99nm of the main Peak; mean is the Mean of the values of the indices, standard development is the Standard Deviation, RSD is the relative Standard Deviation, minimum is the Minimum, maximum is the Maximum.

As can be seen from Table 4, the particle size distribution of the nano-calamine of the present invention is uniform, and the average particle size is 30 to 50nm, which is about 100%.

3. Detection of antibacterial Properties

3.1 detection standards and materials

The detection standard is the oscillation method operation specified in appendix B of GB/T21510-2008 'nano inorganic material antibacterial performance test', staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli are used as indicator bacteria, and continuous antibacterial action is judged to be achieved in the period of time when the sterilization rate is not less than 70%. The test strains were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, escherichia coli ATCC8099.

3.2 detection mode

3.2.1 autoclaving: 5g of the poultry feeds prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were respectively ground into 100 mesh powder by the same method, and collected for later use. And (3) respectively placing the sample powder into a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min.

3.2.2 activated Strain: taking a dry bacterium tube, adding a proper amount of nutrient broth by using a capillary pipette under the aseptic condition, taking 10.0mL of nutrient broth culture medium, dripping a little strain suspension, and culturing at 37 +/-1 ℃ for 24h.

3.2.3 separation: taking the first generation of culture bacterial suspension, inoculating the first generation of culture bacterial suspension on an early agar culture medium plate in a streaking mode, and culturing for 24 hours at 37 +/-1 ℃;

3.2.4 purification: inoculating the second generation typical colony on nutrient agar slant, and culturing at 37 + -1 deg.C for 124h to obtain third generation culture;

3.2.5 preparation of bacterial suspension: collecting the above third generation fresh culture of nutrient agar medium with 24 hr slant, sucking 5.0mL of 0.03mol/LPBS with 5.0mL suction tube, adding into slant test tube, repeatedly sucking and blowing, washing off thallus Porphyrae, transferring the washed bacteria solution into another test tube, mixing well with oscillator, diluting with 0.03mol/LPBS to 10 mol/LPBS ⁵ cfu/mL, and is preserved in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for no more than 4h;

3.2.6 control (control 1 blank) stock preparation: putting 0.5g +/-0.05 g of the powder of the comparative example 1 in the step (1) into a triangular flask, adding 95mL of PBS containing 0.1% of Tween-80, uniformly mixing, and then adding 5.0mL of prefabricated bacterial suspension;

3.2.7 preparation of test group (examples 1 to 4, comparative examples 2 to 3) samples: putting 1.0g +/-0.05 g of the powder of the comparative example 1 in the step (1) into a triangular flask, adding 95mL of PBS containing 0.1% of Tween-80, uniformly mixing, and then adding 5.0mL of prefabricated bacterial suspension;

3.2.8 control samples "0" contact time viable counts (colony counts at 1X 10) ⁴ ～1×10 ⁵ cfu/mL): properly diluting a control sample solution before oscillation, sucking 1.0mL of the control sample solution, inoculating the control sample solution into a sterilized culture dish, inoculating 2 culture dishes in parallel to each sample solution, pouring a 45-DEG C melted nutrient agar culture medium, turning over a plane after the agar culture medium is solidified, placing the flat plate in a 37 +/-1-DEG C constant temperature incubator, and counting the number of colonies;

3.2.9 shaking contact culture: fixing triangular bottles of a reference substance and a test sample on a shaking table of a constant temperature box shaking incubator, shaking and contacting materials used after the detection sample needs to be diluted for 3 hours at 150rpm under the condition of 37 +/-1 ℃, and directly contacting the materials for 10 hours without dilution;

3.2.10 viable count after oscillating contact for a period of time: after the control sample liquid and the test sample liquid are properly diluted, 1.0mL of sample liquid is respectively inoculated into a sterilized plate, 2 plates are inoculated into each sample liquid in parallel, a culture agar culture medium which is melted at 50 ℃ is poured, the plate is turned over after the agar culture medium is solidified, and the plate is placed in a constant temperature incubator at 37 +/-1 ℃ for viable bacteria culture counting.

3.2.11 observations: the final results were observed after 48h incubation of the bacteria, counted and the above experiment was repeated three times.

3.3 test results

TABLE 5 bacteriostasis rates of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3

According to table 5, the antibacterial (antibacterial) rates of the prepared antibacterial feeds of examples 1 to 4 on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus can reach not less than 90% due to the addition of the nano-calamine antibacterial powder, and the antibacterial feeds have good antibacterial property. And compared with the prior art, the feed prepared by the comparative example 1 has no antibacterial property less than 70% because no nano-calamine or traditional Chinese medicine compound is added, the feed prepared by the comparative example 2 has no antibacterial property more than or equal to 90% because the nano-calamine antibacterial agent is added but no traditional Chinese medicine compound is added, and has good antibacterial property, and compared with the comparative example 3, the feed prepared by the comparative example 3 has no antibacterial property because the nano-calamine is not added and the antibacterial property is not more than 70%, and the feed prepared by the comparative example 4 by adopting the calamine slurry of 1300nm to 2200nm prepared by ball milling has no antibacterial property.

4. Animal feeding experiment

4.1 preparation of the experiment

4.1.1 Experimental animal sources (chickens): chinese health chicken farm in Guangzhou economic and technical development area

4.1.2 Experimental animals: 1-month-old healthy Sanhuang (female: male is 1)

4.1.3 weight: 200 g. + -. 20g

4.1.4 amounts: each group comprises 10 or more groups, and each group is divided into three groups, i.e. 1 group and 30 groups

4.1.5 Experimental period: the pre-test period is 1 week (10 blank chickens are additionally prepared in each group to facilitate the selection of heterogeneous chickens), and the formal period is 6 weeks

4.1.6 groups: example 1 group: feeding the feed prepared in the example 1; example 2 group: feeding the feed prepared in the example 2; example 3 group: feeding the feed prepared in the example 3; example 4 group: feeding the feed prepared in example 4; comparative example 1 group: the blank control group is added with the feed prepared in the comparative example 1; comparative example 2 group: feeding the prepared feed in the comparative example 2; comparative example 3 group: feeding the prepared feed of comparative example 3

4.1.7 indoor rearing temperature: feeding the chickens at 20-21 ℃ in different columns, freely taking food and drinking water, and carrying out conventional immunization according to a Sanhuang chicken feeding management system strictly.

4.2 feeding results and analysis

4.2.1 feeding and diarrhea cases

The calculation mode is as follows: the test chickens are weighed on an empty stomach in 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days, the daily feed intake of each group of chickens is recorded in detail, the average daily feed intake, the average daily gain and the feed weight ratio are calculated by taking repetition as a unit, the diarrhea is judged by observing the comprehensive information of the color, the shape and the smell of the chicken manure every day, and the number of the three-yellow chickens with the diarrhea every day and the number of the diarrhea days are recorded so as to facilitate the statistics of the diarrhea rate;

daily gain = (the weight of the end of the three-yellow chicken test-the initial weight of the three-yellow chicken test)/test day;

daily average feed intake = total feed intake during the three-yellow chicken test period/(test days × test three-yellow chicken heads);

feed-meat ratio = daily average feed intake/daily average weight gain;

diarrhea rate = number of heads of diarrhea × number of days of diarrhea/(number of heads of test × number of days of test); the calculation results are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6 Sanhuang chicken production performance test results

In table 6, the same column data with the small letter indicated by the shoulder mark indicates significant difference (P < 0.05), and the same or no shoulder mark indicates insignificant difference (P > 0.05).

According to the data results in table 6, comparative example 1 is a blank group, comparative example 2 is that the nano calamine antibacterial agent is added on the basis of the feed of comparative example 1, the average daily feed intake of the feed is increased and the diarrhea rate is reduced compared with comparative example 1, compared with comparative example 3 (only the spleen-tonifying and digestion-promoting Chinese herbal compound is added on the basis of the feed of comparative example 1 and the nano calamine antibacterial agent is not added), the diarrhea rate can be finally reached to be 0 along with the relatively large day age of the three-yellow chickens, the feed weight ratio is almost similar to that of comparative example 1, the pure nano calamine can only play a role in resisting bacteria and reducing the diarrhea rate, but can not play a role in promoting the digestion and absorption functions of the three-yellow chickens to be enhanced, so the Chinese herbal compound of the invention plays a very important role in promoting the growth of the three-yellow chickens; compared with the comparative example 1, the diarrhea rate of the comparative example 3 (only the traditional Chinese medicine compound for tonifying spleen and promoting digestion is added on the basis of the feed of the comparative example 1, and the nano calamine antibacterial agent is not added) is slightly reduced, which indicates that the traditional Chinese medicine compound also has some effect of reducing the diarrhea rate, but the effect of reducing the diarrhea rate is not so strong compared with the nano calamine; compared with comparative examples 1 and 3, the daily feed intake of examples 1 to 4 is similar to that of comparative example 3, but the daily feed intake is obviously increased compared with that of comparative example 1, particularly, the daily weight gain of examples 1 to 4 is obviously increased compared with that of comparative example 1 and comparative example 3, and the feed weight is obviously reduced compared with that of comparative example 1, in the aspect of the feed weight ratio of comparative example 3 to examples 1 to 4, the nano-calamine and the traditional Chinese medicine compound prepared by the patent play a mutual synergistic effect in the aspect of promoting the growth of the sanhuang chicken, wherein particularly, the lower the meat-feed ratio, the higher the production level, the worse the production level, the higher the meat-feed ratio, the antibacterial feed of example 4 is obviously better than that of the comparative example, in the aspect of reducing the diarrhea rate, as can be seen from examples 1 to 4, the more the probability of adding the nano-calamine antibacterial agent is, the diarrhea rate is generated, the smaller the more the self-immunity is increased, particularly, the daily age of the sanhuang chicken is 0.

4.2.2 digestion conditions

Animal digestion can be inferred from apparent digestibility, which can be calculated as follows: collecting fresh sanhuang chicken excrement by using a sterilized cotton swab in the breeding stages of 35-37 days and 42-44 days, and then uniformly mixing all the excrement. Collecting 100g of chicken manure repeatedly every day, mixing 3d of the collected manure uniformly, drying at 65 deg.C for 48h, pulverizing, and storing at-20 deg.C for analysis. The apparent digestibility of the nutrient substances is determined by the determination method referred to feed analysis and feed quality detection technology by an endogenous indicator method. Apparent digestibility of the three-yellow chicken with each component in the aspects of materials, crude protein, crude ash and crude fat;

the calculation results are shown in Table 7.

TABLE 7 apparent digestibility of Sanhuang chickens

In Table 7, the data in the same column are marked with different small letters in shoulder marks to indicate significant difference (P < 0.05), and the data in the same column or without the small letters in shoulder marks to indicate insignificant difference (P > 0.05)

As can be seen from the data results in table 7, crude protein digestibility is improved for example 1 over the comparative example: example 1/comparative example 1 is 1.07 (P > 0.05); crude protein digestibility example 2 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.09 (P > 0.05); crude protein digestibility example 3 increased over comparative example 1: 1.13 (P > 0.05); crude white digestibility example 4 is improved over comparative example 1: 1.15 (P > 0.05); crude protein digestibility comparative example 2 to comparative example 1: 1.00 (P > 0.05); crude protein digestibility comparative example 3 compared to comparative example 1: 1.05 (P > 0.05).

Calcium digestibility example 1 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.14 (P > 0.05); calcium digestibility example 2 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.21 (P > 0.05); calcium digestibility example 3 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.27 (P > 0.05); calcium digestibility example 4 increased over comparative example 1: 1.33 (P > 0.05); calcium digestibility comparative example 2 compared to comparative example 1: 1.04 (P > 0.05); calcium digestibility comparative example 3 compared to comparative example 1: 1.05 (P > 0.05).

Phosphorus digestibility example 1 was increased over comparative example 1: 1.14 (P > 0.05); phosphorus digestibility example 2 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.20 (P > 0.05); phosphorus digestibility example 3 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.25 (P > 0.05); phosphorus digestibility example 4 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.55 (P > 0.05); phosphorus digestibility comparative example 2 compared to comparative example 1: 1.03 (P > 0.05); phosphorus digestibility comparative example 3 compared to comparative example 1: 1.08 (P > 0.05).

Crude fat digestibility example 1 was improved over comparative example 1: 1.07 (P > 0.05); crude fat digestibility example 2 is improved over comparative example 1: 1.08 (P > 0.05); crude fat digestibility example 3 is improved over comparative example 1: 1.10 (P > 0.05); crude fat digestibility example 4 is improved over comparative example 1: 1.12 (P > 0.05); crude fat digestibility comparative example 2 compared to comparative example 1: 1.01 (P > 0.05); crude fat digestibility comparative example 3 to comparative example 1: 1.03 (P > 0.05).

4.3.3 Immunity Condition

The immunity of the animals can be presumed according to the immune organ index and the serum immunoglobulin content, and the test mode is as follows: all test chickens raised for 42 days are blood-collected from the right jugular vein of the chicken, each 2mL, then the blood is bled to death, the thymus, the spleen and the bursa of Fabricius are rapidly picked and weighed, and the immune organ index is calculated;

standing the 2mL blood for 30min, centrifuging at 2000r/mm for 15min, separating serum, and determining the content of IgG, igA and IgM in the serum according to the specification of an IgG, igA and IgM ELISA detection kit, wherein the test results are shown in Table 8.

TABLE 8 measurement results of immune organ index and serum immunoglobulin content

According to data analysis in table 8, compared with a blank group in a comparative example 1, in comparative examples 1 to 4, the weight of immune organs is greatly increased obviously, and the content of immune IgG, igA and IgM in serum is higher than that in serum measured in the comparative example 1, so that poultry feed with the nano calamine and the Chinese herbal compound can obviously enhance the immunity of poultry compared with general feed, in the aspect of enhancing the immunity of poultry, compared with comparative example 2 (basic feed + Chinese herbal compound), the Chinese herbal compound is better than the nano calamine antibacterial agent in the aspect of enhancing the immunity of poultry, and compared with examples 1 to 4, in the aspect of enhancing the immunity of poultry, compared with comparative examples 2 and 3, the nano calamine and the Chinese herbal compound are obviously superior to the nano calamine antibacterial agent in the aspect of enhancing the immunity of poultry because of the single nano calamine antibacterial agent or the Chinese herbal compound, the nano calamine and the Chinese herbal compound have obvious advantages in the aspects of promoting the growth of poultry and enhancing the immunity, and the two are not indispensable.

Compared with the conventional feed, the antibacterial feed has the advantages that any other formula components and experimental steps are consistent, the only difference is that the nano-calamine and the traditional Chinese medicine compound are added in the embodiment 3 in a proper proportion, the nano-calamine and the traditional Chinese medicine compound are added in the comparative example 2 in the same proportion, and no corresponding traditional Chinese medicine compound is added in the comparative example 2, the traditional Chinese medicine compound can obviously enhance the consumption of the poultry on food and promote the digestion and absorption of the feed from the relevant experimental data of the poultry weight change and the feed consumption, and compared with the comparative example 1 (not adding any calamine and traditional Chinese medicine compound, but only the most common basal feed) in the embodiments 1-4, the feed consumption in the embodiments 1-4 is obviously more than that in the comparative example 1, so that the antibacterial feed is obviously improved in oral property compared with the conventional feed, the food intake of the poultry can be improved, and the digestion and absorption of the poultry on the feed can be greatly promoted.

All documents mentioned in this application are incorporated by reference in this application as if each were individually incorporated by reference. The citation referred to herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes unless otherwise in conflict with the present disclosure's objectives and/or technical solutions. Where a citation is referred to herein, the definition of a reference in the document, including features, terms, nouns, phrases, etc., that is relevant, is also incorporated by reference. In the present invention, when the citation is referred to, the cited examples and preferred embodiments of the related art are also incorporated by reference in the present application, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. It should be understood that where the citation conflicts with the description herein, the application will control or be adapted in accordance with the description herein.

The features of the above-described embodiments and examples may be combined in any suitable manner, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of features in the above-described embodiments and examples are not described in detail, but rather should be construed to fall within the scope of the present disclosure unless there is any conflict between such combinations of features.

The above examples are only illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the present invention, and equivalents obtained thereby also fall within the scope of the present invention. It should also be understood that the technical solutions provided by the present invention, which are obtained by logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments, are within the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the patent of the present invention is subject to the appended claims, and the description and drawings can be used to interpret the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. An antibacterial composition is characterized by comprising nano calamine powder and a traditional Chinese medicine composition;

the particle size of the nano calamine powder is 1-50 nm.

2. The antibacterial composition according to claim 1, wherein the hawthorn powder, the medicated leaven powder, the wheat flour, the pumpkin seed powder and the astragalus powder are in a weight ratio of (0.1-9): (0.1 to 8): (0.1-15): (0.1-7): 1; and/or the like, and/or,

3. An antibacterial feed composition, characterized by comprising at least 80% by weight of a basal feed, the antibacterial composition of claim 1, garlic, methionine, lysine, choline chloride, calcium hydrogen phosphate, salt, white sugar, stone powder, multivitamins, vegetable oil and water;

the sum of the weight percentages of the components in the antibacterial feed composition is 100%.

4. The antibacterial feed composition according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.05-5% of nano calamine powder, 0.01-5% of hawthorn powder, 0.01-5% of medicated leaven powder, 0.01-5% of wheat flour, 0.05-8% of pumpkin seed powder and 0.01-5% of astragalus powder; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the basic feed comprises one or more of corn flour, soybean flour, buckwheat flour and cottonseed protein powder; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the water content of the antibacterial feed composition is 2-5%.

5. The antibacterial feed composition according to claim 4, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2 to 15 percent of garlic, 0.01 to 1 percent of methionine, 0.05 to 2 percent of lysine, 0.01 to 5 percent of choline chloride, 0.5 to 3 percent of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.01 to 2 percent of salt, 0.01 to 5 percent of white sugar, 0.05 to 3 percent of mountain flour, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of compound vitamin, 0.5 to 5 percent of vegetable oil and water; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the weight portion ratio of the corn flour to the soybean meal to the buckwheat flour to the cottonseed protein powder is (3-35): (0.1 to 7): 1: (0.2 to 9); and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

6. The preparation method of the antibacterial feed composition is characterized by comprising the following steps:

preparing an aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder, comprising the steps of: mixing the crude calamine powder, the grinding balls and water, and performing ball milling at 100-800 rpm to obtain a water dispersion of the nano calamine powder;

the basal feed is as defined in any one of claims 3 to 5;

the Chinese medicinal composition is as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The method for preparing an antibacterial feed composition according to claim 6, wherein in the step of preparing the aqueous dispersion of nano calamine powder: the weight part ratio of the crude calamine powder to the water is 1: (1-11); and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

the weight part ratio of the coarse calamine powder to the grinding balls is 1: (0.1-10); and/or the like, and/or,

the grinding balls are made of one or more materials selected from zirconia, agate, silicon carbide and magnesia; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,

8. The method for preparing an antibacterial feed composition according to claim 7, wherein the large grinding balls have a particle size of 0.9 to 1.1cm, the medium grinding balls have a particle size of 0.6 to 0.8cm, and the small grinding balls have a particle size of 0.4 to 0.6cm; and/or the like, and/or,

9. An antibacterial feed comprising the antibacterial composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, or comprising the antibacterial feed composition according to any one of claims 3 to 5, or comprising the antibacterial feed composition produced by the production method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. Use of the antimicrobial feed of claim 9 for enhancing the immunity and/or promoting the growth of an animal.