CN115211335A - Ecological control system for Aphis citricola on apples and application of ecological control system - Google Patents
Ecological control system for Aphis citricola on apples and application of ecological control system Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention relates to an apple meadowsweet ecological control system and application thereof. The ecological control system for the Aphis citricola on the apples comprises green manure carrier plants, wherein the green manure carrier plants comprise spring rapes and vicia sativa. The method adopts a green manure carrier plant to attract and reward the harmonia axyridis strategy, enlarges the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis in the apple orchard, breaks through the time dislocation of the winter rape and the next spring rape blooming period and the apple meadowfoam bloom period of artificial sowing in autumn (9-10 months), ensures the perfect butt joint of the harmonia axyridis blooming period and the apple meadowfoam emergence period, solves the problem of '3R' of chemical prevention and control of the apple meadowfoam (the meadowfoam generates resistance to chemical pesticides, the population is increased again and chemical pesticide residue), greatly reduces the chemical pesticide dosage, and realizes ecological prevention and control of the apple meadowfoam and quality improvement and synergy of the orchard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, in particular to an apple meadowsweet ecological control system and application thereof.
Background
Apple is the king of fruit, is rich in various nutrient substances, and has the health-care effects of reducing blood fat, reducing blood pressure, preventing cancers and the like. With the intensive development of modern fruit industry and the simplification of orchard landscape patterns, natural enemy food resources of pests and habitat areas become simple and crude day by day, the natural service capacity of an orchard ecosystem is reduced, the pest damage risk degree is increased, and the problem of 3R (the pests have resistance to chemical pesticides, the populations increase again and chemical pesticide residues) caused by excessive dependence on chemical pesticides is increasingly prominent. The green manure crops have the specific functions of preventing the crops from being damaged by pests and providing clothes, food, live and walk for natural enemies. The planting of the green manure can increase the diversity of landscape patterns of the orchard, enrich food resources of natural enemies, protect sheltering places of the natural enemies, realize ecological regulation and control of pests and promote high-quality development of the apple industry. The Aphis citricola Van derGoot belongs to the family of Hemiptera Aphididae (Aphididae), and is one of the main pests of fruit trees such as apples, oranges and the like in China. The insect is harmful to the tender tips of the myzus persicae and adult myzus persicae, and sap in phloem absorbed by the thorns on the backs of the leaves, which affects the growth of the young tips and causes weak tree vigor. At present, northwest loess plateau Aphis citricola (Aphis citricola) has generated serious drug resistance to various chemical pesticides, the 3R problem becomes a scientific problem to be solved urgently for chemical control of Aphis citricola (Aphis citricola) and the search for an environment-friendly ecological regulation technology is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention aims to provide an ecological control system for Aphis citricola and application thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the apple meadowsweet ecological control system comprises a green manure carrier plant, wherein the green manure carrier plant comprises spring rape and common vetch. When the green manure carrier plant is spring rape, the constructed ecological control system is a spring rape peach aphid-harmonia axyridis-apple meadow aphid three-dimensional ecological system; when green manure carrier plant is common vetch, the ecological control system of structure is common vetch black bean aphid-harmonious ladybug-apple meadow aphid three-dimensional ecosystem.
The construction method of the spring rape peach aphid-harmonia axyridis-apple meadow aphid three-dimensional ecosystem comprises the step of intercropping spring rape between rows in an apple orchard. The spring rape is sown in spring with the sowing quantity of 3.0kg/hm 2 ～4.5kg/hm 2 The sowing depth is 1.0 cm-2.0 cm.
The method for constructing the three-dimensional ecological system of common vetch, namely black bean aphid-harmonia axyridis-apple meadow aphid is characterized in that common vetch is used among rows in an apple orchard. Common vetch is sowed in spring with the sowing amount of 22.5kg/hm 2 ～30.0kg/hm 2 The sowing depth is 1.0 cm-2.0 cm.
For apple orchard, the row spacing of apple plants in apple orchard is 1.5-2.0 m multiplied by 4.0m, 1251 plant/hm 2 1665 strains/hm 2 。
The method adopts a green manure carrier plant to attract and reward the harmonia axyridis strategy, enlarges the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis in the apple orchard, breaks through the time dislocation between the blooming period of winter rape and winter rape in next spring and the blooming period of the spiraea ulmaria in autumn (9-10 months), ensures the perfect butt joint of the blooming period and the emergence period of the spiraea ulmaria, solves the problem of '3R' of chemical prevention and control of the spiraea ulmaria (the spiraea ulmaria generates resistance to chemical pesticides, the population increases rampant and chemical pesticide residue again), greatly reduces the chemical pesticide dosage, and realizes ecological prevention and control of the spiraea ulmaria and quality and efficiency improvement of the orchard. The invention is proved by experiments in the examples that: after 2 years of calabash beetles are bred by the green manure carrier plant system, the development duration of each stage of the calabash beetles bred by the spring rape peach aphid carrier system is shorter than that of the common vetch black bean aphid carrier system, the egg laying amount and the hatching rate are higher than that of the common vetch black bean aphid carrier system, and the spring rape peach aphid carrier system is proved to be more favorable for propagation and expansion of the calabash beetles in population, and the common vetch black bean aphid carrier system is less suitable, but also has the effect of remarkably expanding propagation of the calabash beetles in population.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the dynamic population of harmonia axyridis on green manure under apple trees (2020);
FIG. 2 shows the population dynamics of harmonia axyridis on apple trees (2020);
FIG. 3 shows the population dynamics of Aphis citricola on apple trees (2020);
FIG. 4 shows the dynamic population of harmonia axyridis on green manure under apple trees (2021 years);
FIG. 5 shows the population dynamics of harmonia axyridis on apple trees (2021 years);
FIG. 6 shows the population dynamics of Aphis citricola on apple trees (2021 years).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention.
Example (b):
1. test method
1.1 green manure functional carrier system:
and constructing a green manure functional carrier system in 2019. Before the experiment: firstly, potted spring rape (Haoyou No. 1, 4 plants per pot) and common vetch (Gaoyou No. 2, 10 plants per pot) with the indoor diameter of phi =12cm are respectively inoculated with peach aphids and black bean aphids manually at the 7-leaf stage, the mixture is placed into an insect cage with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of =45cm multiplied by 45cm, the insect chamber is cultured for 15D at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, and the photoperiod L is represented by D14; secondly, mixing 5 pairs of adults raised by a laboratory pepper-green peach aphid-harmonia axyridis system in a phi =9cm culture dish, providing sufficient green peach aphids every day, transferring the adults to a new phi =9cm culture dish after mating and oviposition, and providing cotton balls soaked with sterilized water for moisture preservation; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: after culturing the egg granules for 3d under the same conditions, transferring the hatched 30-head 1-age harmonia axyridis larvae to the culture with phi =9cmIn the dish, the myzus persicae bred on spring rape or the black bean aphid bred on common vetch (namely, spring rape-myzus persicae-harmonia axyridis (F) 0 ) With common vetch-black bean aphid-harmonious ladybug (F) 0 ) Changing 1 aphid every day, recording the molting condition of 1 harmonia axyridis larva, counting the survival rate and the development period of different growth stages, after 1 female multiplied by 1 female pairing of pupated eclosion harmonia axyridis imagoes, respectively feeding spring rape peach aphids and common vetch black bean aphids under the conditions, observing the egg laying amount, transferring newly-produced egg grains to a new phi =9cm culture dish for storage, continuously counting the egg laying amount of 15d to hatch the number of young insects, and calculating the hatching rate (the number of hatched young insects/the total number of eggs multiplied by 100%); finally, 30F heads are put 0 Continuously breeding the larvae which are primarily hatched with spring rape peach aphids and common vetch black bean aphids (namely, spring rape-peach aphid-harmonia axyridis (F) 1 ) With common vetch-black bean aphid-harmonia axyridis (F) 1 ) Reference F) 0 Generation method statistics F 1 And (3) generation biological parameters, systematically evaluating the influence of aphids on the growth and the fertility of the female generation and the child generation of the harmonia axyridis by continuously feeding the two carrier plant systems.
1.2 field test method:
selecting south-north rows, covering with garden ground cloth or plastic mulch film between plants, and close planting with wide-row dwarf stock (plant-row spacing of 1.5-2.0 m × 4.0m, 1251 plants/hm) of artificial grass between rows in flying forest fruit science and technology Co., ltd in Jingning county of Gansu province in 2020, 4-13 days in 2021 and 14 days in 4-1 2 1665 strains/hm 2 ) 3 orchards with tree age more than or equal to 6 years, linear distance more than or equal to 10.0km, and area more than or equal to 2.0hm 2 4, 5 rows of spring rape (variety: haoyou No. 1) and 5 rows of common vetch (variety: longjia No. 2) are manually sown in ten-day-old-month apple rows, and the sowing amount of spring rape is 3.0kg/hm 2 ～4.5kg/hm 2 And the sowing amount of common vetch is 22.5kg/hm 2 ～30.0kg/hm 2 The sowing depth is 1.0 cm-2.0 cm, and the clearing of the field is a blank control CK. Starting from 9 months at 5 months and 10 days at 5 months and 10 months at 2021 months after emergence of green manure in 2020, sampling at five points, selecting 5 trees at each sampling point, investigating the population quantity of the Aphis citricola and the Harmonia axyridis variegata by visual inspection and net catching in 5 directions of east, south, west, north and middle, investigating 1 time every 7 days, and investigating every day10, beginning investigation at noon, turning and pressing the seedlings to the field after the green manure bloom stage, fully utilizing a spring rape and common vetch strategy to attract and reward the propagation of heterochromatic ladybug, expanding the population quantity of the heterochromatic ladybug in the orchard, breaking the time-space dislocation between the loess plateau autumn (9-10 months) and the green manure crop (winter rape or hairy leaf vetch) and the next spring flowering period of the green manure crop and the vigorous emergence period of the spiraea ulmaria, ensuring that the vigorous emergence period of the heterochromatic ladybug on the spring-sown green manure crop (spring rape or common vetch) is effectively linked with the vigorous emergence period of the spiraea ulmaria, solving the problem of '3R' of chemical control of the spiraea ulmaria, wherein the resistance of the spiraea ulmaria to chemical pesticides is generated, the population is increased again and the chemical pesticide residue), greatly reducing the chemical pesticide dosage, and realizing ecological control of the spiraea ulmaria and quality improvement and synergy of the orchard.
2. Results and analysis
2.1 parent generations on two-vector plant systems (F) 0 Generation) growth and development conditions of harmonia axyridis
The results (table 1) show that: mother generation (F) 0 Generation) the development history, oviposition and hatching rate of the harmonia axyridis eating green manure spring rape peach aphid and common vetch black bean aphid are 14.88d and 16.25d, 37.57 grains/day and 25.72 grains/day respectively, 42.87% and 21.05%, and analysis of variance shows that: parent generation of spring rape green peach aphid carrier plant system (F) 0 Generation) heterochromatic ladybug has a development history shorter than last generation (F) of vicia sativa carrier plant system 0 Era) development duration (P) of harmonia axyridis<0.05 Spring rape green peach aphid carrier plant system growth and development mother generation (F) 0 Generation) of harmonia axyridis is higher than that of the mother generation (F) of growth and development on a common vetch and black bean aphid carrier plant system 0 Generation) egg laying amount and hatching rate (P) of harmonia axyridis<0.05)。
TABLE 1 growth and development data of aphids feeding on different hosts from harmonia axyridis (parent F) 0 )
2.2 progeny on two vector plant systems (F) 1 Generation) growth and development conditions of harmonia axyridis
The results (table 2) show that: progeny (F) 1 Generation) the development history, egg laying amount and hatching rate of the harmonia axyridis eating green-fertilizer spring rape peach aphid and common vetch black bean aphid are respectively 14.31d and 18.33d, 37.12 grains/day and 20.28 grains/day, 40.55% and 24.05%, and the analysis of variance shows that: spring rape green peach aphid carrier plant system upper filial generation (F) 1 Generation) of harmonia axyridis shorter in development duration than offspring (F) on carrier plant system of vicia sativa and Aphis angusta punctata 1 Era) development duration (P) of harmonia axyridis<0.05 Spring rape peach aphid vector plant system growth and development progeny (F) 1 Generation) of harmonia axyridis is higher than the offspring (F) grown and developed on the vicia sativa and black bean aphid carrier plant system 1 Generation) of egg laying amount and hatching rate (P) of harmonia axyridis<0.05)。
TABLE 2 growth and development data of aphids on different hosts eaten by harmonia axyridis (maternal F) 1 )
2.3 influence of intercropping spring rape and intercropping common vetch on apple meadow aphid and ladybug (2020 year)
FIG. 1 shows that: the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the spring rape under the trees in the apple intercropping spring rape mode presents a single-peak curve from 16 days in 5 months to 8 days in 7 months; FIG. 2 shows that: the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the apple branches under the mode of cultivating the common vetch and the apple garden between the apples is a single-peak curve from 16 days at 5 months to 22 days at 7 months, the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the green manure under the trees and on the apple branches is basically consistent in a high-peak period, the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the spring rape under the trees is more than that on the apple branches, and the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the common vetch under the trees is less than that on the apple branches; FIG. 3 shows: the population quantity of the spiraea arvensis on apple branches in the mode of clear cultivation of common vetch and apple orchard is in a 'double-peak curve' from 16 days in 5 months to 22 days in 7 months, although the 'first peak time (from 16 days in 5 months to 3 days in 6 months) is earlier than the mode of clear cultivation of apple orchard for the spring rape and the apple orchard in the mode of clear cultivation of common vetch and apple orchard, and the population quantity of the spiraea arvensis on the apple branches in the' mode of clear cultivation of common vetch and apple is higher than the mode of clear cultivation of apple orchard, the 'second peak time (from 3 days in 6 months to 22 days in 7 months) is later than the first peak time (from 16 days in 5 months to 17 days) of the spiraea arvensis on apple branch in the mode of clear cultivation of common vetch and apple in the mode of spring rape and apple intercropch, and the mode of branch common vetch and apple branches in the mode of clear cultivation of common vetch is less than the population quantity of the' secondary peak time 'of the spiraea arvensis in the apple orchard' mode of clear cultivation of common vetch and apple branches in the apple. The method has the advantages that the quantity of harmonia axyridis populations in the apple orchard is obviously increased in the mode of intercropping spring rapes with apples and the mode of intercropping common vetch with apples, the biological control function of the spiraea ulmaria is enhanced, and the spiraea ulmaria is in a bimodal or multimodal gentle increase situation.
The test results in 2020 (table 3) show that: the population numbers of harmonia axyridis on the green manure under the mode of intercropping spring rapes with apples and the mode of intercropping common vetch with apples are respectively 21.32 heads/1.44 m 2 And 0.17 head/1.44 m 2 The population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the apple intercropping spring rape is 126.89 times of the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the apple intercropping common pea; the population numbers of the harmonia axyridis on the branches of the common vetch in the mode of intercropping between apples and the garden Clear (CK) are respectively 0.34 head/branch, 0.33 head/branch and 0.26 head/branch, and the population numbers of the harmonia axyridis on the branches of the common vetch in the mode of intercropping between apples and the garden Clear (CK) are respectively increased by 27.53 percent and 26.26 percent; the population numbers of the meadowsweet aphids on the common vetch intercropping spring rape and apple intercropping vetch and apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode branches are respectively 37.20 heads/branch, 45.00 heads/branch and 61.13 heads/branch, and the population numbers of the meadowsweet aphids on the common vetch intercropping spring rape and apple intercropping vetch are respectively reduced by 39.27% and 26.32% compared with the population numbers of the meadowsweet aphids on the garden clear tillage (CK) mode branches; the beneficial and harmful proportions of the modes of the intercropping spring rape between apples, common vetch between apples and garden cleaning and plowing (CK) are respectively 1.08, 0.36 and 0.05, and the mode of the intercropping spring rape between applesThe beneficial and harmful proportion of formula and apple intercropping common vetch mode increases 20.67 times and 6.20 times than apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode respectively. Analysis of variance showed that: the population quantity of harmonia axyridis on green manure under apple intercropping spring rape mode trees is higher than the population quantity of harmonia axyridis on green manure under apple intercropping common vetch mode trees (P)<0.05 And the population quantity of harmonia axyridis on the common apple intercropping spring rape and common apple intercropping vicia mode branches is remarkably higher than the population quantity (P) of harmonia axyridis on the apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode branches<0.05 ); the population quantity of the meadow rue on the common vetch mode branches of the intercropping spring rape and apples is remarkably lower than the population quantity of the meadow rue (P) on the common vetch mode branches of the apple garden<0.05). Description of the invention: mode of intercropping spring rape and intercropping common vetch between apples is beneficial to breeding harmonia axyridis and controlling population quantity of spiraea ulmaria. Among them, apple intercropping spring rape is better.
TABLE 3 Pest natural enemy population number of apple intercropping green manure crop production system (2020)
2.4 influence of intercropping spring rape and intercropping common vetch on insect communities in apple orchard (2021 year)
FIG. 4 shows that: the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the spring rapes under trees in the mode of intercropping the apples presents a 'unimodal curve' from 9 days in 7 months to 27 days in 7 months; FIG. 5 shows that: the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the apple branches under the mode of clear cultivation of the common vetch and apple orchard presents a 'double-peak curve' from 5 month 10 days to 6 month 24 days and from 6 month 24 days to 8 month 26 days, the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the spring rape and the apple branches under the mode of the common vetch and apple orchard is basically consistent and is between 7 month 9 days and 7 month 27 days, and the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the spring rape under the tree is more than that on the apple branches, so that the harmonia axyridis is attracted, rewarded and protected, and the harmonia axyridis is promoted to migrate to the apple branches; FIG. 6 shows that: the population quantity of the spiraea interrogans on apple branches in the mode of clear cultivation of common vetch and apple orchard is represented by a single-peak curve from 16 days at 5 months to 27 days at 7 months, and the population quantity of the spiraea interrogans on the apple branches in the mode of the common vetch and apple intercropping is lower than the clear cultivation mode of the apple orchard. The mode of intercropping the apples and planting the spring rapes is favorable for increasing the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis in the apple orchard and enhancing the biological control effect of the harmonia axyridis on the Aphis citricola.
The results of the 2021 year test (table 4) show that: the quantity of harmonia axyridis on the green manure crop under the mode of intercropping spring rape and intercropping common vetch is 1.38 heads/1.44 m 2 And 0.73 head/1.44 m 2 Compared with an intercropping common vetch mode tree, the quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the green manure is increased by 88.64%, the quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the intercropping spring rape and intercropping common vetch and an apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode branch are respectively 0.13/branch, 0.06/branch and 0.03/branch, and the quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the intercropping spring rape and intercropping common vetch mode branch is respectively increased by 381.25% and 225% compared with the quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode branch; population quantities of the spiraea arvensis on the common apple intercropping spring rape, common apple intercropping vetch and apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode branches are respectively 18.57 heads/branch, 25.31 heads/branch and 28.59 heads/branch, and population quantities of the spiraea arvensis on the common apple intercropping spring rape mode and common apple intercropping vetch mode branches are respectively reduced by 35.04% and 11.47% compared with the population quantities of the spiraea arvensis on the apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode branches. Analysis of variance showed that: the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the green manure under the mode tree of the apple intercropping spring rape is higher than the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the green manure under the mode tree of the apple intercropping common vetch (P)<0.05 And the population quantity of the harmonia axyridis on the common apple intercropping spring rape mode branches and common apple intercropping common vetch mode branches is remarkably higher than the population quantity (P) of the harmonia axyridis on the apple garden clear tillage (CK) mode branches<0.05 ); the population quantity of the meadowsweet aphids on the branches in the mode of intercropping spring rape and the mode of intercropping common vetch is significantly lower than that of the meadowsweet aphids on the branches in the mode of clear ploughing in apple gardens (P)<0.05). Description of the drawings: apple intercropping spring rape mode and apple intercropping common vetch mode both have obvious harmonia axyridis populationThe propagation and expansion functions control the population quantity of the Aphis citricola, and the result is consistent with the test result in 2020. It can be used to construct an ecological control system. The apple intercropping spring rape mode is more beneficial to some.
TABLE 4 Pest natural enemy population number of apple intercropping green manure crop production system (2021)
From the experiments, it can be proved that after 2-year-old harmonia axyridis is fed by the green manure carrier plant system, the spring rape peach aphid carrier system and the common vetch black bean aphid carrier system both have the effects of facilitating propagation expansion of harmonia axyridis population and controlling the population quantity of spiraea ulmaria; wherein the development history of each stage of the harmonia axyridis bred by the spring rape peach aphid carrier system is slightly shorter than that of the common vetch black bean aphid carrier system, the egg laying amount and the hatchability are slightly higher than that of the common vetch black bean aphid carrier system, and the spring rape peach aphid carrier system is proved to be more favorable for the propagation and the expansion of the harmonia axyridis population, and the common vetch black bean aphid carrier system is less suitable, but also has the remarkable effect of the propagation and the expansion of the harmonia axyridis population.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological control system for Aphis citricola is characterized by comprising a green manure carrier plant, wherein the green manure carrier plant comprises a spring rape and a common vetch.
2. The ecological prevention and control system of claim 1, wherein when the green manure carrier plant is spring rape, the constructed ecological prevention and control system is a spring rape green peach aphid-harmonia axyridis-malaysia citrina three-dimensional ecosystem.
3. The ecological control system of claim 1, wherein when the green manure carrier plant is a common vetch, the constructed ecological control system is a three-dimensional ecological system of common vetch, namely, aphis angustifolia-harmonia axyridis-malacia rusticana.
4. The ecological prevention and control system of claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional ecosystem of spring rape green peach aphid-harmonia axyridis-apple meadow is constructed by intercropping spring rape between rows in an apple orchard.
5. The ecological control system of claim 4, wherein the spring rape is sown in spring with a sowing rate of 3.0kg/hm 2 ～4.5kg/hm 2 The sowing depth is 1.0 cm-2.0 cm.
6. The ecological control system according to claim 3, wherein the three-dimensional ecosystem of vicia sativa, namely aphis angustifolia-harmonia axyridis-malabarica and aphis spiraea is constructed by using vicia sativa between rows in an apple orchard.
7. The ecological control system of claim 4, wherein common vetch is sowed in spring at a sowing rate of 22.5kg/hm 2 ～30.0kg/hm 2 The sowing depth is 1.0 cm-2.0 cm.
8. The ecological control system according to claim 4 or 6, wherein the apple orchard has an apple plant row spacing of 1.5-2.0 m x 4.0m and 1251 plants/hm 2 1665 strains/hm 2 。
9. Use of the ecological control system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for the biological control of Aphis citricola in apple orchards.
10. A method for ecological control of apple orchard planting, characterized in that the ecological control system of any one of claims 1-8 is used in apple orchard planting.
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