CN115211263A - Rice seed coating material, rice seed coated with coating material and coating method - Google Patents

Rice seed coating material, rice seed coated with coating material and coating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115211263A
CN115211263A CN202110408994.0A CN202110408994A CN115211263A CN 115211263 A CN115211263 A CN 115211263A CN 202110408994 A CN202110408994 A CN 202110408994A CN 115211263 A CN115211263 A CN 115211263A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
coating material
iron oxide
rice
rice seed
rice seeds
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CN202110408994.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴程滔
汪吉成
杨震懋
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Shou Li Enterprise Co ltd
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Shou Li Enterprise Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110408994.0A priority Critical patent/CN115211263A/en
Publication of CN115211263A publication Critical patent/CN115211263A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a rice seed coating material, a rice seed coated with the coating material and a coating method, wherein the coating material is made of raw iron powder and black iron oxide (Fe) 2 O 3 Commonly known as ferric oxide), yellow iron oxide (Fe) 2 O 3 Commonly known as ferric oxide), and calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 Commonly known as slaked lime); wherein the relative proportions of black iron oxide and yellow iron oxide can be adjusted proportionally to the color of the soil to approximate or match the color of the soil. The rice seed coating material can be reliably coated on the surface of rice seeds by adding water for air isolation, weight increase and coloring in the stirring process of the rice seeds, and has the effects of delaying oxidation, increasing the appearance hardness of the rice seeds, preventing the rice seeds from floating on the water surface and preventing birds from pecking.

Description

Rice seed coating material, rice seed coated with coating material and coating method
Technical Field
The application relates to a coating material of seeds, seeds with the coating material and a coating method thereof, in particular to a rice seed coating material, rice seeds coated with the coating material and a coating method.
Background
Population reduction and aging, cultivation area reduction, and raw material rising of labor cost. At present, the rice planting period of Taiwan is two periods, and before planting, seedlings are purchased from a seedling raising field and then transplanted by a transplanter. With the aging of agricultural workers, the area for planting rice is reduced more and more (about 25 million hectares of rice planted by 5-month agriculture agency in 109 years). In addition, according to the agricultural field improvement statistics of Taiwan, the direct-seeding planting area of Taiwan rice is basically increased year by year from 1974 to 1982, and then the direct-seeding planting area of Taiwan rice is reduced due to factors such as no active government promotion and no technical improvement, rice field rotation from 1982, and the like, and the direct-seeding planting area of Taiwan rice is obviously increased until 1991.
The united nations inter-government climate change specialized committee (IPCC) in the "climate change and land report" published in 2019 states that in 1981 to 2010, the average yield of corn, wheat and soybean worldwide has been reduced by 4.1%, 1.8% and 4.5%, respectively, under the influence of climate change. Researchers predict that climate shift will cause global grain production to drop by 5% to 30% by 2050 if no effective response measures are taken. Since the end of 2019, african and indonesian locust disasters, australian forest fires and new crown pneumonia epidemic outbreaks have occurred in succession worldwide, wherein the new crown pneumonia epidemic and african desert locust disasters increase the uncertainty of global agricultural product supply, thereby causing the fluctuation of the food market.
The united nations showed that the most important problem in the 21 st century is grain, and according to the statistics of the agricultural commission, taiwan in 2018 has a comprehensive grain self-sufficiency rate of 34.6%, the world rank is still the tail of a crane, and about 6 to 5 grains are still imported. During epidemic outbreak in this year, export restriction is adopted for agricultural products in multiple countries in the world, and whether grain outbreak occurs in taiwan again becomes an issue of heat.
The direct seeding cultivation technique of paddy rice is a cultivation method of directly seeding paddy rice seeds in paddy field, and has the advantages of saving labor and reducing cost for farming operation because no seedling or transplanting operation is needed. In order to prevent direct-seeded rice seeds from suffering from bird damage (the rice seeds are directly seeded in a paddy field and pecked by birds), a technique of coating rice seeds with a coating material has been proposed, in which generally uncoated rice seeds are reduced in yield due to reduction in germination rate caused by bird damage, and coated rice seeds can be protected from bird damage.
Similar imported products sold in the market at present have a heating problem during the coating operation, so that the germination rate of rice seeds is reduced due to heating, and the time for water spraying and heat dissipation in the coating operation process is too long, namely about 1-2 weeks. And the supply amount is insufficient due to the overhigh entrance cost (the year is over 2021) in foreign countries.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a rice seed coating material, a rice seed coated with the coating material and a coating method.
One of the purposes of the present application is to make the rice seeds coated with the coating material of the present application have no problem of thermal damage to the rice seeds, to make the operation and storage easy, to improve the problem of insufficient supply of seedlings, and to promote the increase of planting area.
In order to achieve the above objects and solve the above problems, the rice seed coating material, the rice seed coated with the coating material, and the coating method according to the present invention are described below.
An embodiment of the rice seed coating material of the present application comprises: the coating material comprises 60-80 wt% of raw iron powder, 1-5 wt% of black iron oxide, 1-5 wt% of yellow iron oxide and 10-38 wt% of calcium hydroxide.
One aspect of the present application provides a rice seed coated with a coating material, wherein the rice seed is a rice seed, and the coating material comprises: the coating material comprises 60-80 wt% of raw iron powder, 1-5 wt% of black iron oxide, 1-5 wt% of yellow iron oxide and 10-38 wt% of calcium hydroxide.
The rice seeds covered with the coating material comprise non-germinated rice seeds and germinated rice seeds.
One aspect of the present application provides a rice seed coating method, including the steps of:
preparing a coating material, namely uniformly mixing 60-80 wt% of raw iron powder, 1-5 wt% of black iron oxide, 1-5 wt% of yellow iron oxide and 10-38 wt% of calcium hydroxide into a powdery mixture;
stirring the coating material and a rice seed together, wherein the rice seed coated with the coating material is formed by spraying water and wetting in the stirring process; and
and drying, namely drying the rice seeds coated with the coating material.
As a preferred embodiment of the rice seed coating method of the present application, the step of stirring the coating material together with a rice seed is carried out by stirring with an inclined stirrer at room temperature and a relative humidity of 70%.
Wherein the particle diameter of the raw iron powder is 100 +/-20 mu m, and the specific gravity is 4.0 +/-0.5 g/cm < 3 >.
Wherein the black iron oxide (Fe) 2 O 3 ) And the yellow iron oxide (Fe) 2 O 3 ) The specific gravity of the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide is 4.9 to 5.1g/cm < 3 >, and the iron content of the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide is Fe 2 O 3 96-99 wt%.
Wherein the purity of the calcium hydroxide is greater than 90%.
The application has the advantages and effects that: the rice seed coating material consists of a mixture of raw iron powder, ferric oxide and calcium hydroxide, and is coated on the surface of a rice seed, so that the following problems can be solved: (1) insufficient seedling supply; (2) the specific gravity of the rice seeds is increased, and the rice seeds are prevented from floating, drifting or bird damage in the paddy field; (3) the storage time of rice seeds is prolonged, and the planting time can be buffered by rice grading.
Other features and embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing an example of a rice seed coated with a coating material according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the appearance of an inclined mixer for carrying out the step of mixing the coating material with the rice seeds;
FIGS. 3A to 3D are photographs of a situation tracking example of a first embodiment of rice seeds coated with a coating material according to the present application;
FIGS. 4A to 4D are photographs of a situation tracing example of a second embodiment of rice seeds coated with a coating material according to the present application.
Description of the symbols
10 rice seeds covered with coating material
Detailed Description
The positional relationship described in the following embodiments includes: top, bottom, left and right, unless otherwise indicated, are based on the direction in which elements in the drawings are depicted.
An embodiment of the rice seed coating material of the present application comprises: 60-80 wt% (weight percentage, the same below) of the coating material, and 1-5 wt% of black iron oxide (Fe) 2 O 3 Or ferric oxide) and yellow iron oxide (Fe) accounting for 1-5 wt% of the coating material 2 O 3 Or ferric oxide) and calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) accounting for 10-38 wt% of the coating material 2 Commonly known as slaked lime).
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the raw iron powder has a particle size of 100. + -. 20 μm and a specific gravity of 4.0. + -. 0.5g/cm3. Wherein black iron oxide Fe 2 O 3 ) And yellow iron oxide (Fe) 2 O 3 ) The specific gravity of the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide is 4.9 to 5.1g/cm < 3 >, and the iron content of the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide is Fe 2 O 3 96-99 wt%. Wherein the purity of the calcium hydroxide is more than 90%.
The relative proportion of black iron oxide and yellow iron oxide can be adjusted proportionally according to the color of the soil to be close to or conform to the color of the soil, rice seeds are suitable for direct soil seeding after being coated with the coating material, and because the color is close to the color of the soil, the probability of pecking by birds can be reduced, and bird damage can be avoided.
One aspect of the present application provides a rice seed coating method, including the following steps:
a step of preparing a coating material, which is to select raw iron powder accounting for 60 to 80 weight percent of the coating material, black iron oxide accounting for 1 to 5 weight percent of the coating material, yellow iron oxide accounting for 1 to 5 weight percent of the coating material and calcium hydroxide accounting for 10 to 38 weight percent of the coating material to be uniformly mixed into a powdery mixture;
stirring the coating material and the rice seeds together, wherein the rice seeds coated with the coating material are formed by spraying water and wetting in the stirring process; and
and drying, namely drying the rice seeds coated with the coating material.
The rice variety is not limited, and Japonica rice (Japonica) and Indica rice (Indica) can be used. The rice seeds are all cultivated in the paddy field, and the effect of the application can be realized. The coating material and the coating method can be used in the case of ordinary non-germinated rice seeds and germinated rice seeds (dovetail shape, white exposed within 2 mm), and do not affect germination. Referring to fig. 1, there is shown a photograph of an example of a rice seed 10 coated with a coating material, in which the rice seed 10 has a protective color due to the coating material, and the relative ratio of black iron oxide and yellow iron oxide in the coating material is adjusted to make the color of the rice seed close to the color of soil (see fig. 1), so as to reduce the problem of bird damage after directly seeding to a paddy field (because the appearance of the rice seed is close to the color of the soil environment, it is not easy for harmful birds to find and peck the rice seed).
In the coating method, the step of stirring the coating material and the rice seeds is carried out by using a general inclined stirrer (see fig. 2), wherein the stirrer has no stirring blade inside, and the coating material and the rice seeds are mixed in a preset weight ratio and then fully stirred uniformly, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the weight ratio of the rice seeds to the coating material is 5:3. only water spraying and wetting are needed in the stirring process to increase the adhesive force between the coating material and the rice seeds, and the coating material is taken out after being attached to the rice seeds and then is dried in the air for 1 to 2 days for cultivation or storage.
The rice seeds coated with the coating material of the present application have high preservability, and the sprouted rice seeds can be preserved for at most 2 months in a refrigeration mode (14 ℃). Moreover, the rice seeds coated with the coating material can solve the problems that the rice seeds are oxidized and heated to damage when common commercial materials are coated, and the subsequent water sprinkling and heat dissipation management are difficult. The coating material comprises alkaline inorganic mineral, and rice seeds are coated after being disinfected, so that the rice seeds can be stored in an alkaline environment without diseases and insect pests. Besides prolonging the storage period, the rice seeds can be easily identified as processed rice seeds.
On the other hand, the rice seeds covered with the coating material can increase the specific gravity of the rice seeds, and the problem that the rice seeds float and flow is not easy to occur when the paddy field is irrigated by water inflow and drainage. The method can achieve accurate dibbling when live broadcast is carried out by special equipment. If the unmanned aerial vehicle is used or the direct seeding is carried out manually, the paddy field can be sown without draining water, and for the paddy field with special land types (such as terraced fields) and incapable of operating by large-scale agricultural machines (rice transplanting machines), the rice seeds coated with the coating material can be used, and the direct seeding technology is adopted, so that the problem that the rice transplanting machine cannot be reserved for transplanting rice seedlings due to busy farming in the rice transplanting period can be solved.
A plurality of practical examples are provided below to describe the direct seeding implementation of the rice seeds coated with the coating material of the application.
First embodiment example
A place: vaseline seven-star hydraulic conference terrace re-cultivation (first-stage rice)
Date: 2020/3/17
Variety selection: tai jin No. 14
Equipment: unmanned aerial vehicle spreading
The method comprises the following steps: direct seeding on soil
Direct seeding area: 2 is divided into
The method comprises the following steps: preparation of rice seed sample (seed selection) → disinfection → seed soaking and germination → dehydration → covering and coating material → direct seeding
Raw materials: the rice seeds and the coating material of the application use an inclined stirrer, and the weight ratio of the rice seeds to the coating material is 10kg (rice seeds): 6kg (coating material) was coated.
Please refer to fig. 3A to 3D, which show photographs of a condition tracking example at different times (stages), the working example is finally obtained as follows: about 2600 jin.
Second embodiment example
A place: taizhong daoya (second-stage rice)
Date: 2020/7/14
Variety selection: platform No. 16 (moonlight rice)
Equipment: special direct seeding machine for YANMAR
The method comprises the following steps: direct seeding on soil
Direct seeding area: 2 is divided into
The method comprises the following steps: rice seed sample preparation (seed selection) → disinfection → seed soaking and germination acceleration → dehydration → coating material → direct seeding
Raw materials: the rice seeds and the coating material of the application use an inclined stirrer, and the weight ratio of the rice seeds to the coating material is 10kg (rice seeds): 6kg (coating material) was coated.
Please refer to fig. 4A to 4D, which are photographs of a condition tracking example at different times (stages), and the working example is finally taken as the following: about 3000 jin.
Record of actual measurement of germination percentage
The germination rates and the relevant test data of the seeds coated with the coating material of the present application are disclosed below in the agricultural improvement farm in the central district of the Committee.
Cloak date of 2019/7/8
Seeding date of 2019/7/9
Basal germination percentage test (%)
Coating material-I Coating material-II Coating material-III Average germination percentage
88％ 90％ 88％ 89％
Basal germination percentage test (%)
uncoated-I Uncoated II uncoated-III Average germination percentage
98％ 98％ 100％ 99％
Hundred grains weight of rice seed (g)
Coating material-I Coating material-II Coating material-III Average weight of hundred grains
3.96 4.18 4.14 4.09
Rice seed hundred grains weight (g)
uncoated-I Uncoated II uncoated-III Average weight per hundred grains
2.51 2.50 2.48 2.50
Zhanshui germination percentage (%)
Coating material-I Coating material-II Coating material-III Average germination percentage
5 days after sowing 66％ 70％ 82％ 73％
8 days after sowing 82％ 80％ 90％ 84％
Percentage of water germination (%)
uncoated-I uncoated-II uncoated-III Average germination percentage
5 days after sowing 80％ 84％ 86％ 83％
8 days after sowing 86％ 84％ 88％ 86％
The floating seedling rate (%); 13 days after sowing
Coating material-I Coating material-II Coating material-III Average floating rate
2.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.7％
The floating seedling rate (%); 13 days after sowing
uncoated-I Uncoated II uncoated-III Average rate of floating seedlings
3.0％ 3.0％ 3.0％ 3.0％
The above-described embodiments and/or implementations are only for illustrating the preferred embodiments and/or implementations of the technology of the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementations of the technology of the present application in any way, and those skilled in the art can make modifications or changes to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technology disclosed in the present application, but should be construed as technology or implementations substantially the same as the present application.

Claims (14)

1. A rice seed coating material, comprising: the coating material comprises 60-80 wt% of raw iron powder, 1-5 wt% of black iron oxide, 1-5 wt% of yellow iron oxide and 10-38 wt% of calcium hydroxide.
2. The rice seed coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the rouge is 100 ± 20 μm, and the specific gravity is 4.0 ± 0.5g/cm3.
3. The rice seed coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide have a specific gravity of 4.9 to 5.1g/cm3, and the iron content of the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide is Fe 2 O 3 96-99 wt%.
4. A rice seed coating material as recited in claim 1, wherein the calcium hydroxide has a purity of more than 90%.
5. A rice seed covered with a coating material, the rice seed being a rice seed, the coating material comprising: the coating material comprises 60-80 wt% of raw iron powder, 1-5 wt% of black iron oxide, 1-5 wt% of yellow iron oxide and 10-38 wt% of calcium hydroxide.
6. The rice seed coated with a covering material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the particle size of the pig iron powder is 100 ± 20 μm, and the specific gravity is 4.0 ± 0.5g/cm3.
7. The rice seed covered with covering material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide have a specific gravity of 4.9-5.1/cm 3, and the iron content of the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide is Fe 2 O 3 96-99 wt%.
8. A rice seed coated with a covering material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the calcium hydroxide has a purity of more than 90%.
9. The rice seeds covered with the covering material according to claim 5, wherein the rice seeds include non-germinated rice seeds and germinated rice seeds.
10. A rice seed coating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a step of preparing a coating material, which is to select raw iron powder accounting for 60 to 80 weight percent of the coating material, black iron oxide accounting for 1 to 5 weight percent of the coating material, yellow iron oxide accounting for 1 to 5 weight percent of the coating material and calcium hydroxide accounting for 10 to 38 weight percent of the coating material to be uniformly mixed into a powdery mixture;
stirring the coating material and a rice seed together, wherein the rice seed coated with the coating material is formed by spraying water and wetting in the stirring process; and
and drying, namely drying the rice seeds coated with the coating material.
11. The rice seed coating method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the particle size of the pig iron powder is 100 ± 20 μm, and the specific gravity is 4.0 ± 05g/cm3.
12. The rice seed coating method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide have a specific gravity of 4.9-5.1 g/cm3, and the iron content of the black iron oxide and the yellow iron oxide is Fe 2 O 3 96-99 wt%.
13. The method for coating rice seeds as claimed in claim 10, wherein the purity of the calcium hydroxide is more than 90%.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of stirring the coating material with a rice seed is performed by an inclined stirrer at room temperature and a relative humidity of 70%.
CN202110408994.0A 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Rice seed coating material, rice seed coated with coating material and coating method Pending CN115211263A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103648263A (en) * 2011-07-27 2014-03-19 杰富意钢铁株式会社 Iron powder for coating seeds and iron-powder-coated seeds
JP2015077100A (en) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 住友化学株式会社 Coating material for rice seed, and coated rice seed
JP2016189735A (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-10 トーテク株式会社 Iron oxide-deposited seed and its manufacturing method
CN106132188A (en) * 2014-03-28 2016-11-16 住友化学株式会社 Rice coating material and coated rice seed
CN107426960A (en) * 2015-01-26 2017-12-01 株式会社久保田 The manufacture method of seed coating material and seed coating material
CN107529714A (en) * 2015-11-13 2018-01-02 昭和电工株式会社 Rice paddy seed, its manufacture method and rice paddy seed coating composition
CN107846839A (en) * 2015-07-29 2018-03-27 新日铁住金株式会社 Steel-smelting clinker cladding seed and preparation method thereof
CN110248535A (en) * 2017-01-30 2019-09-17 杰富意钢铁株式会社 Seed coating agent, coating seed and seed coating method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103648263A (en) * 2011-07-27 2014-03-19 杰富意钢铁株式会社 Iron powder for coating seeds and iron-powder-coated seeds
JP2015077100A (en) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 住友化学株式会社 Coating material for rice seed, and coated rice seed
CN106132188A (en) * 2014-03-28 2016-11-16 住友化学株式会社 Rice coating material and coated rice seed
CN107426960A (en) * 2015-01-26 2017-12-01 株式会社久保田 The manufacture method of seed coating material and seed coating material
JP2016189735A (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-10 トーテク株式会社 Iron oxide-deposited seed and its manufacturing method
CN107846839A (en) * 2015-07-29 2018-03-27 新日铁住金株式会社 Steel-smelting clinker cladding seed and preparation method thereof
CN107529714A (en) * 2015-11-13 2018-01-02 昭和电工株式会社 Rice paddy seed, its manufacture method and rice paddy seed coating composition
CN110248535A (en) * 2017-01-30 2019-09-17 杰富意钢铁株式会社 Seed coating agent, coating seed and seed coating method

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