CN115210295A - 含氟醇复合物 - Google Patents

含氟醇复合物 Download PDF

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CN115210295A
CN115210295A CN202080097619.2A CN202080097619A CN115210295A CN 115210295 A CN115210295 A CN 115210295A CN 202080097619 A CN202080097619 A CN 202080097619A CN 115210295 A CN115210295 A CN 115210295A
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fluorine
complex
containing alcohol
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fluoroalcohol
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CN115210295B (zh
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木岛哲史
赤津康彦
泽田英夫
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Unimatec Co Ltd
Hirosaki University NUC
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Abstract

一种含氟醇复合物,其包含通式HO‑A‑RF‑A‑OH〔I〕(此处,RF为具有碳原子数6以下的全氟亚烷基或多氟亚烷基且具有醚键的基团、A为碳原子数1~3的亚烷基)表示的含氟醇、含羟基聚合物和锆化合物的缩合体。该含氟醇复合物使用含氟醇(其具有即使释放到环境中也不生成全氟辛酸等、且容易被分解成短链化合物的单元),且显示亲水防油性。

Description

含氟醇复合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含氟醇复合物。更详细而言,涉及作为亲水防油剂等的表面处理剂的有效成分来使用的含氟醇复合物。
背景技术
对于用通常作为防水防油剂使用的表面处理剂进行了表面处理的基材,如果在防水性的基材表面附着水蒸气等,则斥水而以微小液滴的形式附着于表面,因此成为起雾的状态。
例如,对于机动车的窗玻璃、照相机镜头、浴室用的镜子等的表面,为了提高可视性而要求防雾性。为了表现出防雾性,为了使成为起雾的原因的极小水滴成为水膜,需要亲水性表面。
作为对基材表面赋予防雾性的方法,在专利文献1中,记载有一种防雾性被膜,其为包含具有氧化乙烯基、氧化丙烯基和酰基的聚氨酯树脂的防雾性被膜,
该防雾性被膜包含含氟表面活性剂,
该防雾性被膜中的含氟表面活性剂的表面厚度相对于被膜的膜厚为0.001~2%,
通过该防雾性被膜的元素分析,氟原子的个数相对于在被膜表面观测到的全部原子的个数的比率为5~30%。
另外,对于机动车的窗玻璃、照相机镜头、浴室用的镜子等的表面,因为由于指纹等的油脂污垢而损坏外观,进而降低产品的功能,因此,期望也一并进行防污处理。
作为防污处理的方法,在专利文献2中记载有:作为能够形成具有防水性、防油性、防污性且具有高摩擦耐久性的层的、含全氟(聚)醚基的硅烷化合物,使用下述通式〔Ia〕或〔Ib〕表示的化合物。
(Rf-PFPE)β-X-(CRa kRb lRc m)α 〔Ia〕
(Rc mRb lRa kC)α-X-PFPE-X-(CRa kRb lRc n)α 〔Ib〕
然而,该含全氟(聚)醚基的硅烷化合物虽然显示防油性、防污性,但是同时也显示防水性。
另外,在专利文献3中,作为涂布于基材表面、用于防止油脂和水垢的附着的同时具有亲水性和防油性的亲水防油剂,记载了包含重复单位(2)的氟聚合物。
Figure BDA0003817041000000021
A:-O-、-NH-
R1:亚甲基、亚乙基
R2:亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基
Rf:C2~C8的含氟烷基
R3:氢原子、甲基
n:0~50的整数
*:连接键。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:WO2017/033532A1
专利文献2:日本特开2019-183160号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2017-105975号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2008-038015号公报
专利文献5:美国专利第3,574,770号公报
专利文献6:日本特开平5-147943号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种复合物,该复合物使用含氟醇,且显示亲水防油性,所述含氟醇具有即使释放到环境中也不生成全氟辛酸等且容易被分解成短链化合物的单元。
用于解决技术问题的技术手段
上述本发明的目的通过含氟醇复合物来实现,该含氟醇复合物包含下述通式〔I〕表示的含氟醇、含羟基聚合物和锆化合物的缩合体。
HO-A-RF-A-OH 〔I〕
在通式〔I〕中,RF为具有碳原子数6以下的全氟亚烷基或多氟亚烷基且具有醚键的基团,A为碳原子数1~3的亚烷基。
形成复合物的该缩合体通过使用碱性或酸性催化剂将上述各成分进行缩合反应来制造。在反应之际,反应体系中也可以共存有机硅化合物。
发明效果
本发明的复合物所使用的含氟醇不仅具有即使释放在环境中也不生成全氟辛酸等、且容易被分解成短链化合物的单元,而且具有防油性,另一方面,聚乙烯醇等含羟基聚合物和锆化合物具有亲水性,因此包含将它们反应而得到的缩合体的复合物在表现亲水防油性的同时,也有效地用作针对玻璃、金属、石材等无机基材、各种塑料、橡胶等有机基材的涂布剂。
另外,该复合物由于显示亲水防油性因此具有防雾性。若为亲水性,则因在液体的表面湿润扩散而形成液膜,成为表面湿润但不起雾的状态。由该复合物形成的涂布膜为无色透明,因此能够在不对基材的外观进行任何损坏的情况下进行涂布。
进而,通过锆化合物的水解、缩合反应,与基材的密合性优异,且维持基材表面的亲水防油性。
具体实施方式
作为含氟醇,使用下述通式〔I〕表示的化合物,
HO-A-RF-A-OH〔I〕
RF:具有C6以下的全氟亚烷基以及醚键,具体而言具有碳原子数5~160的直链状或支链状的全氟亚烷基;或者具有其氟原子的一部分被氢原子置换的多氟亚烷基以及醚键。
A:碳原子数1~3的亚烷基。
作为通式〔I〕表示的含氟醇,可以举出下述通式〔II〕表示的化合物。
HO(CH2)aCmF2m(OCnF2n)bO(CF2)cO(CnF2nO)dCmF2m(CH2)aOH [II]
a:1~3;
b+d:0~50;
c:1~6;
m:1~2;
n:1~3。
作为通式〔II〕表示的含氟醇,例如可以使用下述通式〔III〕表示的化合物等
HO(CH2)aCF(CF3)〔OCF2CF(CF3)〕bO(CF2)cO〔CF(CF3)CF2O〕dCF(CF3)(CH2)aOH 〔III〕
a:1~3,优选为1;
b+d:0~50,优选为1~20;
关于b+d的值,可以是具有分布的混合物
c:1~6,优选为2~4。
在通式〔II〕表示的全氟亚烷基醚二醇中,a=1的化合物记载于专利文献4~5,经由如下所述的一系列的工序来合成。
FOCRfCOF→H3COOCRfCOOCH3→HOCH2RfCH2OH
Rf:-C(CF3)〔OCF2C(CF3)〕bO(CF2)cO〔CF(CF3)CF2O〕dCF(CF3)-
通过使这些含氟醇、含羟基聚合物和锆化合物在碱性或酸性的催化剂的存在下进行反应,从而形成复合物。
作为含羟基聚合物,优选使用将聚乙酸乙烯酯皂化而得到的聚乙烯醇的各种皂化度的聚合物。相对于含氟醇,以约0.5~10倍、优选约0.5~5倍的比例使用聚乙烯醇。当以其以下的比例使用聚乙烯醇时,变得缺乏亲水性。
另外,作为锆化合物,虽然也能够使用二正丁氧基双(乙酰丙酮)锆(di-n-butoxyzirconium bis(acetylacetonate))、二正丁氧基双(乙酰乙酸乙酯)锆(di-n-butoxyzirconium bis(ethylacetoacetate))等,但优选使用氯化锆、氢氧化锆或通过反应来生成它们的氧氯化锆ZrCl2O·8H2O(参照专利文献6)。这些锆化合物也使用与聚乙烯醇相同程度的量。
进而,也可以使反应体系中共存有机硅化合物,例如可以以相对于含氟醇为约5倍以下的比例来使用以下物质:四甲氧基硅烷、四乙氧基硅烷、四丙氧基硅烷、四丁氧基硅烷、甲基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、乙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙基三乙氧基硅烷等具有碳原子数1~5的低级烷基的原硅酸四低级烷基酯、三乙氧基氯硅烷、三甲氧基苯基硅烷、三乙氧基苯基硅烷等。
在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等醇类、丙酮、甲基异丁基酮等酮类、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯等酯类等溶剂中且在下述碱性催化剂或酸性催化剂的存在下进行缩合反应。此时,锆化合物以它们的有机溶剂溶液的形式进行添加。
上述各成分间的反应通过如下方式来进行,即,在催化剂量的碱性催化剂或酸性催化剂(例如氨水或氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙等碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物的水溶液、或者盐酸、硫酸等)的存在下且在约0~100℃、优选约10~30℃的温度下使其反应约0.5~48小时、优选约1~10小时左右。
对于具有亲水防油性的表面处理剂,将反应混合物直接或用有机溶剂将固体成分浓度调整为约0.5~5重量%之后,通过浸渍、喷雾、刷涂、辊涂等方法以约30~1,000mg/m2、优选约100~1,000mg/m2的涂布量(单位面积重量)涂布在基材表面上,在室温或暖风下干燥后,在约100~250℃下烧结处理约0.1~20小时,进行涂布。
实施例
接下来,基于实施例来说明本发明。
〔使用了碱性催化剂的实施例〕
实施例1
在容量为13ml的反应容器中,投入下式表示的含氟醇10mg、聚乙烯醇(K uraray产品KURARAY POVAL LM10-HD)25mg和乙醇4ml,向其中加入氧氯化锆的乙醇溶液(浓度为0.025g/ml)1ml(以氧氯化锆计为25mg),搅拌10分钟,接下来,一边搅拌一边滴加25重量%氨水溶液1ml,在室温条件下搅拌5小时。
HOCH2CF(CF3)〔OCF2CF(CF3)〕bO(CF2)2O〔CF(CF3)CFO2O〕dCF(CF3)CH2OH
〔OXF9DOH、b+d=7〕
在玻璃板(Matsunami产品Matsunami Cover Glass(18×18mm))上滴加所得到的反应溶液0.35ml,在室温条件下干燥后,在150℃下进行2小时加热处理。
静态接触角的测定:
使正十二烷或水的液滴各2μl与所得到的玻璃表面轻轻地接触,通过θ/2法,用接触角计(协和界面科学制Drop Master 300)测定所附着的液滴的接触角(单位:°)。针对水,经时地测定接触角。
涂膜耐久性试验:
将处理过的玻璃板沉入离子交换水中20分钟来进行清洗,接下来使其在室温条件下干燥1天,制成清洗后样品。针对该清洗后样品,进行静态接触角的测定。
防油性、亲水性的评价:
关于防油性,将静态接触角为40°以上评价为○,将30°以上且小于40°评价为Δ
关于亲水性,将静态接触角为30°以下评价为○,将大于30°评价为×
针对该清洗前和清洗后的样品,目视确认玻璃板的外观,无色透明评价为○,若一部分确认有变色或白浊则评价为Δ,若全面确认有变色或白浊则评价为×。
实施例2
在实施例1中,将含氟醇OXF9DOH的使用量变更为30mg。
实施例3
在实施例2中,还使用原硅酸四乙酯〔TEOS〕的乙醇溶液(浓度为0.05g/ml)1ml(以TEOS计为50mg),并且将乙醇量变更为5ml。
实施例4
在实施例1中,作为含氟醇,使用相同量(10mg)的下式表示的含氟醇。
HOCH2CF(CF3)〔OCF2CF(CF3)〕bO(CF2)2O〔CF(CF3)CFO2O〕dCF(CF3)CH2OH
〔OXF3DOH、b+d=1〕
实施例5
在实施例4中,还使用50mg的TEOS,并且将乙醇量变更为5ml。
实施例6
在实施例4中,将含氟醇OXF3DOH的使用量变更为30mg。
实施例7
在实施例6中,还使用50mg的TEOS,将乙醇量变更为5ml。
〔使用了酸性催化剂的实施例〕
实施例8
在实施例1中,使用相同量(1ml)的0.1N盐酸来代替25重量%氨水溶液。
实施例9
在实施例8中,还使用50mg的TEOS,将乙醇量变更为5ml。
实施例10
在实施例8中,将含氟醇OXF9DOH的使用量变更为30mg。
实施例11
在实施例10中,还使用50mg的TEOS,将乙醇量变更为5ml。
实施例12
在实施例5中,使用相同量(1ml)的0.1N盐酸来代替25重量%氨水溶液。
实施例13
在实施例6中,使用相同量(1ml)的0.1N盐酸来代替25重量%氨水溶液。
实施例14
在实施例7中,使用相同量(1ml)的0.1N盐酸来代替25重量%氨水溶液。
〔使用了碱性催化剂的比较例〕
比较例1
在实施例1中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例2
在实施例1中,没有使用聚乙烯醇,而使用了50mg的TEOS。
比较例3
在实施例2中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例4
在实施例3中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例5
在实施例4中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例6
在实施例5中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例7
在实施例6中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
〔使用了酸性催化剂的比较例〕
比较例8
在实施例8中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例9
在实施例9中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例10
在实施例10中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例11
在实施例11中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例12
在实施例12中,没有使用聚乙烯醇和TEOS。
比较例13
在实施例12中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例14
在实施例13中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
比较例15
在实施例14中,没有使用聚乙烯醇。
将以上的各实施例及比较例中得到的结果示于以下的表1中。
Figure BDA0003817041000000101
实施例15~19
针对实施例4~7和实施例9中得到的玻璃板,以如下方式进行了防雾性的评价。
在烧杯中放入热水(约90℃),在其上(3cm上方)盖上涂布玻璃板,如果不因热气而起雾则评价为○,如果起雾则评价为×。
将所得到的结果示于以下的表2中。
表2
实施例 涂布玻璃板实施例 清洗前 清洗后
15 4
16 5
17 6
18 7
19 9

Claims (14)

1.一种含氟醇复合物,其包含通式〔I〕表示的含氟醇、含羟基聚合物和锆化合物的缩合体,
HO-A-RF-A-OH 〔I〕
在通式〔I〕中,RF为具有碳原子数6以下的全氟亚烷基或多氟亚烷基且具有醚键的基团,A为碳原子数1~3的亚烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含氟醇复合物,其中,所述含氟醇复合物还包含有机硅化合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的含氟醇复合物,其中,作为通式〔I〕表示的含氟醇,使用通式〔III〕表示的全氟亚烷基醚二醇,
HO(CH2)aCF(CF3)〔OCF2CF(CF3)〕bO(CF2)CO〔CF(CF3)CF2O〕dCF(CF3)(CH2)aOH 〔III〕
在通式〔III〕中,a为1~3的整数,b+d为0~50的整数,c为1~6的整数。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的含氟醇复合物,其中,含羟基聚合物为聚乙烯醇。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的含氟醇复合物,其中,锆化合物为氧氯化锆。
6.根据权利要求2所述的含氟醇复合物,其中,有机硅化合物为原硅酸四低级烷基酯。
7.一种缩合体的制造方法,其特征在于,使用碱性催化剂或酸性催化剂使权利要求1~6的任一项中所记载的各成分进行缩合反应。
8.根据权利要求7所述的缩合体的制造方法,其中,相对于含氟醇,以0.5~10倍的比例使用含羟基聚合物,以5倍以下的比例使用锆化合物。
9.根据权利要求7所述的缩合体的制造方法,其中,相对于含氟醇,以5倍以下的比例使用有机硅化合物。
10.根据权利要求7所述的缩合体的制造方法,其中,碱性催化剂为氨水溶液。
11.根据权利要求7所述的缩合体的制造方法,其中,酸性催化剂为无机酸。
12.一种表面处理剂,其以权利要求1或2所述的含氟醇复合物为有效成分。
13.根据权利要求12所述的表面处理剂,其显示亲水防油性。
14.一种基材,其形成有权利要求12所述的表面处理剂的涂膜。
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