CN115200025A - System and method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy - Google Patents
System and method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN115200025A CN115200025A CN202210789642.9A CN202210789642A CN115200025A CN 115200025 A CN115200025 A CN 115200025A CN 202210789642 A CN202210789642 A CN 202210789642A CN 115200025 A CN115200025 A CN 115200025A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/021—Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/67—Heating or cooling means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy. The system comprises an incineration system, an alkaline electrolytic water system and a renewable energy power generation system, wherein the incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode; the alkaline electrolytic water system provides oxygen and alkaline solution for the incineration system, and the incineration system provides a heat source for the alkaline electrolytic water system; the renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system. The renewable energy power generation system, the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system are coupled, and the purpose of treating the household garbage by using renewable energy is achieved through multi-system combined use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage treatment, in particular to a system and a method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy sources.
Background
With the rapid development of economic society, the production amount of household garbage gradually increases. At present, the treatment method of the household garbage mainly comprises a landfill method, an incineration method, a composting method and the like. The landfill method occupies serious land resources, cannot recycle resources in the domestic garbage, and can generate garbage leachate, landfill gas, stink and other pollutants; the burning method generally uses non-renewable resources such as coal and the like, carbon emission exists, and secondary pollution, particularly dioxin pollution, is difficult to avoid; the composting method is difficult to be advanced at present because of high requirements for pretreatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention provides a system and a method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy.
The invention provides a system for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy, which comprises:
the incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode;
the system comprises an alkaline electrolytic water system, a burning system and a control system, wherein the alkaline electrolytic water system provides oxygen and alkaline solution for the burning system, and the burning system provides a heat source for the alkaline electrolytic water system;
a renewable energy power generation system that provides electrical energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system.
In some embodiments, the incineration system comprises an incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber arranged at the downstream of the incinerator, the domestic garbage in the incinerator is subjected to drying, anaerobic pyrolysis and burnout processes at 850-900 ℃, and gas generated by anaerobic pyrolysis enters the secondary combustion chamber for complete combustion.
In some embodiments, the electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolyzed water system produces oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen is collected and stored in a hydrogen tank, and the oxygen is passed to the incinerator for combustion.
In some embodiments, a waste heat boiler is arranged downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat boiler, and steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline electrolytic water system.
In some embodiments, a quenching and neutralizing tower, a dry reaction device, a bag-type dust collector, an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower are sequentially arranged downstream of the exhaust-heat boiler, the quenching and neutralizing tower is used for rapidly reducing the temperature of flue gas, the bag-type dust collector is used for dedusting the flue gas, the SCR denitrification device is used for denitrifying the flue gas, and the dry reaction device and the wet deacidification tower are both used for deacidifying the flue gas.
In some embodiments, the flue gas is deacidified by the wet deacidification tower and then discharged through a chimney under the action of an induced draft fan.
In some embodiments, the alkaline waste solution produced by the alkaline electrolyzed water system is the alkaline solution used during operation of the wet deacidification tower.
In some embodiments, the renewable energy power generation system is one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a hydro-power generation system, or a geothermal power generation system.
The invention also provides a method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The incinerator is heated to 850-900 ℃ by electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system;
(2) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system is used for an alkaline electrolytic water system, oxygen generated in the electrolytic process of the alkaline electrolytic water system is introduced into the incinerator to enable the domestic garbage to be combusted in the incinerator, and flue gas generated by combustion enters a secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted;
(3) High-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber is discharged through a chimney under the action of a draught fan after being subjected to waste heat utilization by a waste heat boiler, cooling by a quenching and neutralizing tower, deacidification by a dry reaction device, dust removal by a bag-type dust remover, denitrification by an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitrification device and deacidification by a wet deacidification tower;
(4) And the steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolytic water system.
In some embodiments, the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is above 2 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the renewable energy power generation system, the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system are coupled, and the purpose of treating the household garbage by using renewable energy is achieved through multi-system combined use.
The steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolyzed water, the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas is recycled, an extra heat source is not needed for heating the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolyzed water system, and the energy consumption of the whole system is reduced.
The alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is used for the flue gas deacidification process of the incineration system, and the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is reused, so that the treatment cost of the alkaline waste liquid is saved; other alkaline solutions are not needed for deacidifying the flue gas, so that the flue gas treatment cost is reduced.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the coupling of a renewable energy power generation system, an incineration system and an alkaline electrolysis water system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a system for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The system and method for incinerating household garbage using renewable energy according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-2, the system for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy comprises an incineration system, an alkaline electrolysis water system and a renewable energy power generation system.
The renewable energy power generation system is a system for generating power by using renewable energy. Renewable energy sources include solar energy, hydroenergy, wind energy, biomass energy, wave energy, tidal energy, ocean thermal energy, geothermal energy, and the like. Renewable energy sources can be recycled in nature. In some embodiments, the renewable energy power generation system may be one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a hydro power generation system, or a geothermal power generation system. It is to be understood that the renewable energy power generation system can also be other kinds of renewable energy power generation systems. In the invention, the renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system. It is understood that if the electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system has a balance, the balance electric energy can be uploaded to the power grid.
The alkaline electrolysis water system is a system for generating hydrogen energy and oxygen by electrolyzing water, and the electric energy required by the alkaline electrolysis water system is provided by a renewable energy power generation system. The electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolysis water system generates oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen is collected and stored in a hydrogen tank, and the oxygen is introduced into the incinerator for combustion supporting. Namely, oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is used for supporting combustion in the combustion process of the incineration system, and hydrogen is stored to be used as energy hydrogen.
When the alkaline water electrolysis system is used for electrolysis, the electrolyte needs to be heated to 70-90 ℃, namely the working temperature of the alkaline water electrolysis system is 70-90 ℃. This part of the heat source for heating the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolytic water system may be provided by the waste heat boiler of the incineration system. Specifically, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion enters a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler recovers and utilizes flue gas waste heat, and steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of alkaline electrolyzed water. On one hand, the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas is recycled, on the other hand, the electrolyte of the alkaline water electrolysis system is not required to be heated by an extra heat source, and the energy consumption of the whole system is reduced.
In addition, the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system can be used for the flue gas deacidification process of the incineration system. On one hand, the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system can be reused, so that the treatment cost of the alkaline waste liquid is saved; on the other hand, other alkaline solutions are not needed for deacidification of the flue gas, so that the flue gas treatment cost is reduced.
The incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode, namely the incineration system is provided with a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, the first combustion chamber burns solid, the second combustion chamber burns gas, and solid garbage enters the first combustion chamber and then undergoes the processes of drying, anaerobic pyrolysis, burnout and the like at a preset temperature, so that the generation of dioxin, which is a highly toxic gas, is effectively controlled, and the gas generated by pyrolysis enters the second combustion chamber for full combustion, so that toxic and harmful gas is effectively treated. After the solid ash slag treated by a combustion chamber is picked up and recovered by a ground bin, the waste iron and glass are comprehensively utilized to prepare the light building material.
The incinerator is a first combustion chamber, and the incineration system comprises an incinerator, a second combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler, a quenching and neutralizing tower, a dry reaction device, a bag-type dust remover, an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower.
The domestic garbage is burnt in an incinerator, and the domestic garbage in the incinerator is dried, anaerobically pyrolyzed and burnt out at 850-900 ℃. The renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the electric heating process of the incinerator, oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system provides combustion-supporting gas for the combustion of the household garbage, and the pressure of the oxygen introduced into the incinerator is 4-6MPa.
The secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the downstream of the incinerator, and the gas generated by anaerobic pyrolysis enters the secondary combustion chamber for full combustion. Specifically, flue gas generated in the combustion and pyrolysis processes of the incinerator enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted so as to remove toxic and harmful gases, and the retention time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is more than 2s so as to ensure that the gas in the flue gas can be fully combusted. Wherein, the flue gas comprises hydrogen, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and other gases.
The waste heat boiler is arranged at the downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, and high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat boiler. A large number of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the waste heat boiler to absorb waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas, and steam generated by the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas recovered by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic water system. The flue gas after passing through the waste heat boiler enters a quenching and neutralizing tower.
The quenching and neutralizing tower is arranged at the downstream of the waste heat boiler and is used for rapidly reducing the temperature of the flue gas. The quenching and neutralizing tower rapidly cools the flue gas after heat exchange of the waste heat boiler to below 200 ℃, and the rapid cooling is to avoid the re-synthesis of toxic gases such as dioxin and the like and to cross a temperature interval for generating the dioxin. The flue gas after passing through the quenching and neutralizing tower enters a dry type reaction device.
The dry reaction device is arranged at the downstream of the quenching and neutralizing tower and is used for deacidifying the flue gas. Spraying active carbon and Ca (OH) into a dry reaction device 2 Deacidifying the flue gas, and adsorbing substances such as heavy metals and dioxin which is possibly reproduced. The flue gas after passing through the dry type reaction device enters a bag-type dust collector.
The bag-type dust remover is arranged at the downstream of the dry-type reaction device and is used for removing dust from flue gas. The bag-type dust collector is suitable for collecting fine, dry and non-fibrous dust. After the dust-containing gas enters the bag type dust collector, the dust with large particles and large specific gravity is settled under the action of gravity and falls into the dust hopper, and the dust is blocked when the gas containing fine dust passes through the filter material, so that the gas is purified. And the flue gas passing through the bag-type dust remover enters an SCR denitrification device.
The SCR denitrification device is arranged at the downstream of the bag-type dust remover and is used for denitrification of flue gas. And the flue gas after passing through the SCR denitrification device enters a wet-type deacidification tower.
The wet deacidification tower is arranged at the downstream of the SCR denitrification device and is used for wet flue gas deacidification. The working process of the wet deacidification tower needs to use alkaline solution to remove SO in the flue gas 2 And acid gases such as HCl and HF. The alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system can be used as alkaline solution required in the working process of the wet deacidification tower, so that the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is reused. And the flue gas treated by the wet deacidification tower is discharged through a chimney under the action of a draught fan.
The method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy comprises the following steps:
(1) The incinerator is heated to 850-900 ℃ by electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system;
(2) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system is used for an alkaline electrolytic water system, oxygen generated in the electrolytic process of the alkaline electrolytic water system is introduced into the incinerator to enable the domestic garbage to be combusted in the incinerator, and flue gas generated by combustion enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted;
(3) High-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber is discharged through a chimney under the action of a draught fan after being subjected to waste heat utilization by a waste heat boiler, cooling by a quenching neutralization tower, deacidification by a dry reaction device, dust removal by a bag-type dust remover, denitrification by an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitrification device and deacidification by a wet deacidification tower;
(4) And steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline electrolytic water system.
In the step (2), the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is more than 2s so as to ensure that combustible gas in the flue gas can be fully combusted. The high-temperature flue gas coming out of the secondary combustion chamber has higher temperature, so the high-temperature flue gas needs to be introduced into a quenching and neutralizing tower at first, and the quenching and neutralizing tower rapidly cools the flue gas after heat exchange of the waste heat boiler to below 200 ℃ so as to cross a temperature interval generated by dioxin and avoid the resynthesis of the toxic gases such as the dioxin.
In the method for incinerating household garbage by utilizing renewable energy, the renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolytic water system, the alkaline electrolytic water system provides alkaline solution and combustion-supporting oxygen for the incineration system, and the incineration system provides a heat source required for heating electrolyte for the alkaline electrolytic water system.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms may be directed to different embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A system for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy sources is characterized by comprising the following components:
the incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode;
an alkaline electrolysis water system, wherein the alkaline electrolysis water system provides oxygen and alkaline solution for the incineration system, and the incineration system provides a heat source for the alkaline electrolysis water system;
a renewable energy power generation system that provides electrical energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the incineration system comprises an incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber arranged at the downstream of the incinerator, the domestic garbage in the incinerator is subjected to drying, anaerobic pyrolysis and burnout processes at 850-900 ℃, and gas generated by anaerobic pyrolysis enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the electrolysis process of the alkaline water electrolysis system produces oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen is collected and stored in a hydrogen tank, and the oxygen is passed to the incinerator for combustion.
4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that a waste heat boiler is arranged downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat boiler, and steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline electrolytic water system.
5. The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein a quenching and neutralizing tower, a dry reaction device, a bag-type dust collector, an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower are arranged in sequence at the downstream of the waste heat boiler, the quenching and neutralizing tower is used for rapidly reducing the temperature of the flue gas, the bag-type dust collector is used for dedusting the flue gas, the SCR denitrification device is used for denitrifying the flue gas, and the dry reaction device and the wet deacidification tower are both used for deacidifying the flue gas.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the flue gas is deacidified by the wet deacidification tower and then discharged through a chimney under the action of an induced draft fan.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the alkaline waste solution produced by the alkaline electrolysis water system is the alkaline solution used during operation of the wet acid removal column.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the renewable energy power generation system is one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a hydro-power generation system, or a geothermal power generation system.
9. A method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy, characterized in that the system of any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, comprising the following steps:
(1) The incinerator is heated to 850-900 ℃ by electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system;
(2) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system is used for an alkaline electrolytic water system, oxygen generated in the electrolytic process of the alkaline electrolytic water system is introduced into the incinerator to enable the domestic garbage to be combusted in the incinerator, and flue gas generated by combustion enters a secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted;
(3) High-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber is discharged through a chimney under the action of a draught fan after being subjected to waste heat utilization by a waste heat boiler, cooling by a quenching and neutralizing tower, deacidification by a dry reaction device, dust removal by a bag-type dust remover, denitrification by an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitrification device and deacidification by a wet deacidification tower;
(4) And the steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolytic water system.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is above 2 s.
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| CN202210789642.9A CN115200025B (en) | 2022-07-06 | System and method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy |
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