CN115200025B - System and method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy - Google Patents
System and method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN115200025B CN115200025B CN202210789642.9A CN202210789642A CN115200025B CN 115200025 B CN115200025 B CN 115200025B CN 202210789642 A CN202210789642 A CN 202210789642A CN 115200025 B CN115200025 B CN 115200025B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/021—Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/67—Heating or cooling means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy. The system comprises an incineration system, an alkaline water electrolysis system and a renewable energy power generation system, wherein the incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode; the alkaline water electrolysis system provides oxygen and alkaline solution for the incineration system, and the incineration system provides a heat source for the alkaline water electrolysis system; the renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline water electrolysis system. The renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system, the alkaline electrolysis water system provides alkaline solution and combustion-supporting oxygen for the incineration system, and the incineration system provides heat sources required by heating the electrolyte for the alkaline electrolysis water system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage treatment, in particular to a system and a method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy.
Background
With the rapid development of the economy and society, the generation amount of the household garbage is gradually increased. At present, the treatment methods of the household garbage mainly comprise landfill method, incineration method, composting method and the like. The landfill method occupies serious land resources, cannot recycle the resources in the household garbage, and can produce garbage leachate, landfill gas, malodor and other pollutants; the incineration method generally uses non-renewable resources such as coal, carbon emission is caused, and secondary pollution, particularly dioxin pollution, is difficult to avoid; composting is currently difficult to advance due to high pretreatment requirements and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the invention provides a system and a method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy.
The invention provides a system for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy, which comprises:
the incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode;
An alkaline water electrolysis system providing oxygen and alkaline solution to the incineration system, the incineration system providing a heat source for the alkaline water electrolysis system;
and the renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline water electrolysis system.
In some embodiments, the incineration system comprises an incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber arranged at the downstream of the incinerator, wherein household garbage in the incinerator is subjected to drying, anaerobic pyrolysis and burnout processes at 850-900 ℃, and gas generated by the anaerobic pyrolysis enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted.
In some embodiments, the electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolyzed water system produces oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen is collected and stored in a hydrogen tank, and the oxygen is passed to the incinerator to aid combustion.
In some embodiments, a waste heat boiler is arranged at the downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat boiler, and steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline water electrolysis system.
In some embodiments, a quenching neutralization tower, a dry reaction device, a bag-type dust remover, an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower are sequentially arranged at the downstream of the waste heat boiler, the quenching neutralization tower is used for rapidly reducing the temperature of flue gas, the bag-type dust remover is used for removing dust from the flue gas, the SCR denitrification device is used for denitrifying the flue gas, and the dry reaction device and the wet deacidification tower are both used for deacidifying the flue gas.
In some embodiments, the flue gas is discharged through a chimney under the action of an induced draft fan after being deacidified by the wet deacidification tower.
In some embodiments, the alkaline waste liquid produced by the alkaline electrolysis water system is the alkaline solution used during operation of the wet deacidification tower.
In some embodiments, the renewable energy power generation system is one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a hydro power generation system, or a geothermal power generation system.
The invention also provides a method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system heats the incinerator to 850-900 ℃;
(2) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system is used for an alkaline electrolysis water system, oxygen generated in the electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolysis water system is introduced into the incinerator to enable household garbage to burn in the incinerator, and flue gas generated by burning enters a secondary combustion chamber to be fully burned;
(3) The high-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber is discharged through a chimney under the action of a draught fan after being deacidified by a waste heat boiler, cooled by a quenching neutralization tower, deacidified by a dry reaction device, dedusted by a cloth bag dust remover, denitrified by an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower;
(4) And the steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline water electrolysis system.
In some embodiments, the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is above 2 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system, the alkaline electrolysis water system provides alkaline solution and combustion-supporting oxygen for the incineration system, and the incineration system provides heat sources required by heating the electrolyte for the alkaline electrolysis water system.
The steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolysis water, the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas is recycled, and the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolysis water system is not required to be heated by using an additional heat source, so that the energy consumption of the whole system is reduced.
The alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is used in the flue gas deacidification process of the incineration system, so that the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is reused, and the treatment cost of the alkaline waste liquid is avoided; and other alkaline solutions are not needed for deacidifying the flue gas, so that the flue gas treatment cost is reduced.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the coupling of the renewable energy power generation system, incineration system and alkaline electrolyzed water system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for incinerating household garbage using renewable energy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes a system and a method for incinerating household garbage using renewable energy according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the system for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy sources of the present invention comprises an incineration system, an alkaline electrolyzed water system and a renewable energy power generation system.
The renewable energy power generation system is a system for generating power by using renewable energy. Renewable energy sources include solar energy, water energy, wind energy, biomass energy, wave energy, tidal energy, ocean temperature differential energy, geothermal energy, and the like. Renewable energy sources can be recycled in nature. In some embodiments, the renewable energy power generation system may be one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a hydro power generation system, or a geothermal power generation system. It will be appreciated that the renewable energy power generation system may also be other types of renewable energy power generation systems. In the present invention, the renewable energy power generation system provides electrical energy to the incineration system and the alkaline electrolyzed water system. It will be appreciated that if there is a balance in the electrical energy produced by the renewable energy power generation system, the balance may be uploaded to the grid.
The alkaline water electrolysis system is a system for generating hydrogen energy and oxygen by water electrolysis, and the electric energy required by the alkaline water electrolysis system is provided by a renewable energy power generation system. The electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolyzed water system generates oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen is collected and stored in a hydrogen tank, and the oxygen is introduced into an incinerator for combustion supporting. Namely, oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is used for combustion supporting in the combustion process of the incineration system, and hydrogen is stored for energy hydrogen energy.
When the alkaline electrolytic water system is electrolyzed, the electrolyte is heated to 70-90 ℃, namely the working temperature of the alkaline electrolytic water system is 70-90 ℃. The portion of the heat source for heating the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolyzed water system may be provided by a waste heat boiler of the incineration system. Specifically, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion enters a waste heat boiler, waste heat of the flue gas is recycled by the waste heat boiler, and steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of alkaline electrolysis water. On one hand, the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas is recycled, and on the other hand, the electrolyte of the alkaline electrolysis water system is not required to be heated by using an additional heat source, so that the energy consumption of the whole system is reduced.
In addition, the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system can be used for the flue gas deacidification process of the incineration system. On one hand, the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system can be reused, so that the treatment cost of the alkaline waste liquid is avoided; on the other hand, other alkaline solutions are not needed for deacidifying the flue gas, so that the flue gas treatment cost is reduced.
The incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode, namely the incineration system is provided with a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, the first combustion chamber burns solids, the second combustion chamber burns gas, solid garbage enters the first combustion chamber and then is subjected to drying, anaerobic pyrolysis, burnout and other processes at a preset temperature, so that the generation of highly toxic gas dioxin is effectively controlled, and the gas generated by pyrolysis enters the second combustion chamber to be fully combusted, so that toxic and harmful gas is effectively treated. The solid slag after being treated in one combustion chamber is recovered via the ground bin to produce light building material.
The incinerator is a combustion chamber, and the incineration system comprises the incinerator, a secondary combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler, a quenching neutralization tower, a dry reaction device, a bag-type dust remover, an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower.
The household garbage is burned in the incinerator, and the household garbage in the incinerator is subjected to drying, anaerobic pyrolysis and burnout processes at 850-900 ℃. The renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the electric heating process of the incinerator, oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolysis water system provides combustion-supporting gas for the combustion of household garbage, and the pressure of the oxygen introduced into the incinerator is 4-6MPa.
The secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the downstream of the incinerator, and gas generated by anaerobic pyrolysis enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted. Specifically, the combustion of the incinerator and the pyrolysis process generate flue gas which enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted so as to remove toxic and harmful gases, and the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is more than 2s so as to ensure that the gas in the flue gas can be fully combusted. Wherein the flue gas comprises gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and the like.
The waste heat boiler is arranged at the downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, and high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat boiler. A large number of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the waste heat boiler to absorb the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas, and the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler to generate steam which is used for heating electrolyte in an alkaline electrolytic water system. And the flue gas after passing through the waste heat boiler enters a quenching neutralization tower.
The quenching neutralization tower is arranged at the downstream of the waste heat boiler and is used for rapidly reducing the temperature of the flue gas. The quenching neutralization tower rapidly cools the flue gas after heat exchange of the waste heat boiler to below 200 ℃, and the rapid cooling is used for avoiding resynthesis of toxic gases such as dioxin and the like and crossing a temperature range for generating the dioxin. And the flue gas after the quenching and neutralizing tower enters a dry reaction device.
The dry reaction device is arranged at the downstream of the quenching neutralization tower and is used for deacidifying the flue gas. Spraying active carbon and Ca (OH) 2 into the dry reaction device to deacidify the flue gas, and adsorbing heavy metals and possibly regenerated dioxin and other substances. And the flue gas after passing through the dry reaction device enters a bag-type dust remover.
The cloth bag dust remover is arranged at the downstream of the dry reaction device and is used for removing dust from flue gas. The bag-type dust collector is suitable for collecting fine, dry and non-fibrous dust. When the dust-containing gas enters the bag type dust collector, dust with large particles and large specific gravity is precipitated under the action of gravity and falls into the ash bucket, and when the gas containing finer dust passes through the filter material, the dust is blocked, so that the gas is purified. And the flue gas after passing through the bag-type dust collector enters an SCR denitrification device.
The SCR denitrification device is arranged at the downstream of the bag-type dust collector and is used for denitrification of flue gas. And the flue gas after passing through the SCR denitrification device enters a wet deacidification tower.
The wet type deacidification tower is arranged at the downstream of the SCR denitrification device and is used for deacidifying wet flue gas. An alkaline solution is needed in the working process of the wet deacidification tower to remove acid gases such as SO 2, HCl, HF and the like in the flue gas. The alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system can be used as alkaline solution required in the working process of the wet deacidification tower, so that the alkaline waste liquid generated by the alkaline electrolytic water system is reused. And the flue gas treated by the wet deacidification tower is discharged through a chimney under the action of an induced draft fan.
The method for incinerating the household garbage by using the renewable energy source comprises the following steps:
(1) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system heats the incinerator to 850-900 ℃;
(2) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system is used for an alkaline electrolysis water system, oxygen generated in the electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolysis water system is introduced into the incinerator to enable household garbage to burn in the incinerator, and flue gas generated by combustion enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted;
(3) The high-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber is deacidified by a waste heat boiler through utilizing waste heat, cooling by a quenching neutralization tower and a dry reaction device, dedusted by a cloth bag dust remover, denitrified by an SCR denitrification device and deacidified by a wet deacidification tower and then discharged by a chimney under the action of an induced draft fan;
(4) The steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline water electrolysis system.
The residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber in the step (2) is more than 2s so as to ensure that the combustible gas in the flue gas can be fully combusted. The high-temperature flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber has higher temperature, so that the high-temperature flue gas needs to be firstly introduced into a quenching neutralization tower, and the quenching neutralization tower rapidly cools the flue gas subjected to heat exchange of the waste heat boiler to below 200 ℃ so as to cross a temperature range generated by dioxin and avoid the resynthesis of toxic gases such as dioxin.
In the method for incinerating household garbage by using renewable energy sources, the renewable energy source power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline electrolysis water system, the alkaline electrolysis water system provides alkaline solution and combustion-supporting oxygen for the incineration system, and the incineration system provides heat sources for heating the electrolyte for the alkaline electrolysis water system.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms may be directed to different embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A system for incinerating household garbage using renewable energy, comprising:
The incineration system adopts a two-stage combustion mode; the incineration system comprises an incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber arranged at the downstream of the incinerator, wherein household garbage in the incinerator is subjected to drying, anaerobic pyrolysis and burnout processes at 850-900 ℃, and gas generated by the anaerobic pyrolysis enters the secondary combustion chamber to be fully combusted;
An alkaline water electrolysis system providing oxygen and alkaline solution to the incineration system, the incineration system providing a heat source for the alkaline water electrolysis system;
and the renewable energy power generation system provides electric energy for the incineration system and the alkaline water electrolysis system.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolyzed water system produces oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen is collected and stored in a hydrogen tank, and the oxygen is passed into the incinerator to aid combustion.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein a waste heat boiler is arranged downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, high temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat boiler, and steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline electrolyzed water system.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein a quenching neutralization tower, a dry reaction device, a bag-type dust remover, an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower are sequentially arranged downstream of the waste heat boiler, the quenching neutralization tower is used for rapidly reducing the temperature of flue gas, the bag-type dust remover is used for removing dust from flue gas, the SCR denitrification device is used for denitrifying flue gas, and the dry reaction device and the wet deacidification tower are both used for deacidifying flue gas.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the flue gas is discharged through a chimney under the action of an induced draft fan after being deacidified by the wet deacidification tower.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the alkaline waste liquid produced by the alkaline electrolysis water system is the alkaline solution used during operation of the wet deacidification tower.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the renewable energy power generation system is one of a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a hydro power generation system, or a geothermal power generation system.
8. A method for incinerating household waste using renewable energy, characterized in that it comprises the following steps, using a system according to any one of claims 1 to 7:
(1) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system heats the incinerator to 850-900 ℃;
(2) The electric energy generated by the renewable energy power generation system is used for an alkaline electrolysis water system, oxygen generated in the electrolysis process of the alkaline electrolysis water system is introduced into the incinerator to enable household garbage to burn in the incinerator, and flue gas generated by burning enters a secondary combustion chamber to be fully burned;
(3) The high-temperature flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber is discharged through a chimney under the action of a draught fan after being deacidified by a waste heat boiler, cooled by a quenching neutralization tower, deacidified by a dry reaction device, dedusted by a cloth bag dust remover, denitrified by an SCR denitrification device and a wet deacidification tower;
(4) And the steam generated by the waste heat boiler is used for heating electrolyte of the alkaline water electrolysis system.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is above 2 s.
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