CN214464424U - Organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system utilizing fuel cell - Google Patents
Organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system utilizing fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The utility model discloses an utilize fuel cell's solid useless pyrolysis power generation system of organic, the system includes drying device, pyrolysis oven, high temperature dust remover, tar condensation collector, oil water separator, pyrolysis gas purifier, tar pyrolysis oven, fuel cell, waste heat recovery device, power generation facility and tail gas cleanup unit. Pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace and the tar pyrolysis furnace is used for power generation of the fuel cell, and high-temperature tail gas generated by the fuel cell is used for pyrolyzing tar, generating electricity by waste heat and drying organic solid waste raw materials so as to improve the energy utilization efficiency; the energy-saving co-production system integrates organic solid waste treatment and power generation by utilizing the fuel cell and the waste heat boiler for power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an organic solid useless processing technology field, concretely relates to utilize fuel cell's organic solid useless pyrolysis power generation system.
Background
With the rapid development of socioeconomic, improvement of people's living standard and continuous development of industrial and agricultural technologies in China, the production of organic solid wastes is continuously increased. The current organic solid waste treatment method mainly comprises two types of biological treatment and heat treatment. For biological treatment, the prior art short plate in the prior stage has the defects that the organic matter conversion rate is not high enough, the retention time is long, the yield of recovered resources needs to be improved, the microorganism directional regulation and new process principle is not sufficient, and the removal of trace and toxic and harmful substances has corresponding environmental risks. The heat treatment method mainly comprises an incineration method and a pyrolysis method, the incineration method can realize harmless, reduction and resource treatment of the garbage, but the organic solid waste is subjected to violent oxidation combustion under the condition of excessive air, the generation amount of smoke is large, and the chlorine-containing and bromine-containing organic solid waste is easy to generate dioxin highly toxic pollutants in the combustion process. The pyrolysis method is a renewable energy technology for recovering pyrolysis gas from organic solid waste through pyrolysis gasification of the organic solid waste, the generation rate of dioxin is low, but the common pyrolysis treatment adopts gas heating, the automation degree is low, the equipment requirement is high, the problem of insufficient gas heating can be solved by adopting an electric heating method, and the electric power cost for equipment operation is high.
The solid oxide fuel cell has strong adaptability to fuels, can provide high-quality waste heat under the condition of various fuels, realizes cogeneration and has high fuel utilization rate.
Chinese patent with application number CN108728140A discloses useless low temperature pyrolysis power generation system of organic danger, it includes following steps, when this system operates, the useless conveying of organic danger by the categorised feed line of raw materials gets into the pyrolysis line and realizes the pyrolysis, then realize oil-water separation through the oil-water separation line, the gaseous of production is recycled to pyrolysis line and exhaust-heat boiler power generation line through the hot-blast line backward flow, pyrolysis line and oil-water separation line still generate electricity through exhaust-heat boiler power generation line utilization, and the gaseous VOCs who collects the processing line and get into exhaust-heat boiler power generation line burning as burning air, tail gas that pyrolysis line and exhaust-heat boiler power generation line produced is up to standard after exhaust-gas processing line purification treatment discharges. According to the process, the collected tar is directly used for combustion power generation, the collected tar generally contains chlorine and bromine elements in organic hazardous waste, the collected tar also generally contains chlorine and bromine elements, and the tar is easy to generate dioxin in a direct combustion mode, so that the process is not beneficial to environmental protection.
Chinese patent application No. CN111640971A discloses a waste treatment system and method based on fuel cell cogeneration, the process includes a waste gasification subsystem and a fuel cell cogeneration subsystem, the waste gasification subsystem includes a waste gasification furnace, a purification system and a waste heat boiler, the fuel cell cogeneration subsystem includes a preheater, an air compressor, an air preheater, a fuel cell, an inverter, a combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler and a thermal power generation system, the waste gasification subsystem gasifies waste to achieve reduction of waste, the fuel cell cogeneration subsystem converts gibbs free energy part of chemical energy of combustible gas in waste gasification gas into electric energy, the unreacted combustible gas is combusted to generate electricity through the thermal power generation system, and tail gas is used for preheating waste gasification gas and air. The method of the system shows that the tail gas generated during the power generation of the fuel cell only preheats the gasified gas and the air, but the high-temperature tail gas generated during the power generation of the actual fuel cell is huge, and if the high-temperature tail gas is only used for preheating the air and the gasified gas, the energy utilization rate is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an utilize fuel cell's organic pyrolysis system that gives up admittedly, this system and method can realize organic utilization and innocent treatment that gives up useless resourceization admittedly, and no dioxin produces in the processing procedure, more is favorable to the environmental protection.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system utilizing a fuel cell comprises a drying device, a pyrolysis furnace, a high-temperature dust remover, a tar condensation collector, an oil-water separator, a pyrolysis gas purification device, a tar pyrolysis furnace, the fuel cell, a waste heat recovery device, a power generation device and a tail gas purification device; the outlet of the drying device is connected with the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature dust remover, and the outlet of the high-temperature dust remover is connected with the gas inlet of the tar condensation collecting device; the gas outlet of the tar condensation and collection device is connected with the gas inlet of the pyrolysis gas purification device, the oil outlet of the tar condensation and collection device is connected with the oil inlet of the oil-water separator, and the oil outlet of the oil-water separator is connected with the oil inlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace; the gas outlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace is connected with a pyrolysis gas purification device; the gas outlet of the pyrolysis gas purification device is connected with the gas inlet of the fuel cell, the gas outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the tar pyrolysis furnace, the tar pyrolysis furnace is connected with the waste heat recovery device, the gas outlet of the waste heat recovery device is connected with the gas inlet of the power generation device and the gas inlet of the drying device respectively, and the gas outlet of the drying device is connected with the gas inlet of the tail gas purification device; the power generation device and the fuel cell are respectively connected with the pyrolysis furnace.
The organic solid waste comprises domestic garbage, waste plastics, waste tires, agriculture and forestry solid waste, oily sludge, waste resin, waste circuit boards and leftover materials, waste salt residues, waste lithium batteries, chemical and medical residues, paint residues and the like.
Specifically, the power generation device is a steam turbine. The energy required for pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace is derived from electric energy generated by a fuel cell and a steam turbine, or from external power supply. The waste heat recovery device may be a waste heat boiler.
Drying organic solid waste, and then pyrolyzing the organic solid waste in a pyrolysis furnace to obtain pyrolysis slag and pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolysis gas sequentially enters a high-temperature dust remover, a tar condensation and collection device and a pyrolysis gas purification device, dust is collected in the high-temperature dust remover, tar is collected in the tar condensation and collection device, inorganic acid gas in the pyrolysis gas is absorbed by the pyrolysis gas purification device, and the purified pyrolysis gas enters a fuel cell to perform electrochemical reaction power generation; the pyrolysis gas is used as a power generation raw material of the fuel cell, tar collected by the tar condensation and collection device is catalytically decomposed by high-temperature tail gas generated during power generation of the fuel cell, and secondary pyrolysis gas generated in the tar pyrolysis furnace is purified by the pyrolysis gas purification device and then is used as power generation fuel of the fuel cell; the high-temperature tail gas is converted into medium-temperature tail gas after passing through the tar pyrolysis furnace, the medium-temperature tail gas further recovers heat energy through a waste heat boiler and is used for generating power by a steam turbine power generation system, the low-temperature tail gas after passing through the steam turbine power generation system is conveyed to a drying device by the waste heat boiler and is used for drying organic solid waste raw materials, and the tail gas after heat exchange of the drying device is purified by a tail gas purification device and then is discharged; the electric energy generated by the fuel cell and the steam turbine is used for heating the pyrolysis furnace, and external power supply can also be introduced.
Further, all be equipped with sealing device on the import of pyrolysis oven and the gas outlet, prevent that the air from entering into inside the pyrolysis oven.
Furthermore, an electric heating jacket device is arranged outside the pyrolysis furnace, and the power generation device and the fuel cell are respectively connected with the electric heating jacket device; the electric heating elements are resistance wires and/or silicon carbide rods.
Furthermore, the gas outlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace is provided with a sealing device, so that air is prevented from entering the tar pyrolysis furnace when the oil residue is discharged.
Still further, the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.
Further, the tail gas purification device comprises a dust removal treatment device and a spray tower absorption device which are connected in sequence, and a tail gas outlet of the drying device is connected with the dust removal treatment device.
And furthermore, a purification absorbent is filled in the pyrolysis gas purification device, and the purification absorbent is calcium oxide.
A method for utilizing an organic solid waste pyrolytic power generation system of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
1) adding the organic solid waste raw material into a drying device, wherein the drying temperature is 90-150 ℃, and removing water in the organic solid waste raw material;
2) adding the organic solid waste dried in the step 1) into a pyrolysis furnace to generate pyrolysis slag and pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolysis temperature of the pyrolysis furnace is 500-1000 ℃; the pyrolysis gas contains dust, tar and combustible hydrocarbon; the pyrolysis slag contains carbon powder and other valuable materials, and can be recycled.
3) Introducing the pyrolysis gas obtained in the step 2) into a high-temperature dust remover, and collecting dust; the dust removal temperature is not lower than 400 ℃, tar is prevented from being condensed in the high-temperature dust remover, and the pyrolysis slag and the dust can be collected together because the dust components captured by the high-temperature dust remover are similar to the components of the pyrolysis slag;
4) introducing the pyrolysis gas subjected to dust removal in the step 3) into a tar condensation and collection device, collecting tar, introducing the decoked pyrolysis gas into a pyrolysis gas purification device, and introducing the decoked pyrolysis gas serving as fuel gas into a fuel cell;
5) introducing the tar collected in the step 4) into an oil-water separator, removing water in the tar, and then sending the tar into a tar pyrolysis furnace for catalytic pyrolysis at the pyrolysis temperature of 700-900 ℃ to generate secondary pyrolysis gas;
6) introducing the secondary pyrolysis gas obtained in the step 5) into a pyrolysis gas purification device, and purifying and absorbing inorganic acid gas in the pyrolysis gas;
7) the main components of the secondary pyrolysis gas purified in the step 6) are small molecule combustible gases such as methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and the like, the secondary pyrolysis gas is used as fuel gas and enters a fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, the combustion-supporting gas is air, and high-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ is generated when the fuel cell generates electricity;
8) the high-temperature tail gas generated in the step 7) is used for indirectly heating the tar pyrolysis furnace and provides energy required by pyrolysis of the tar pyrolysis furnace, and the high-temperature tail gas is converted into middle-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 700-800 ℃;
9) introducing the medium-temperature tail gas obtained in the step 8) into a waste heat recovery device, supplying heat to a power generation device by the waste heat recovery device for power generation, and converting the medium-temperature tail gas into low-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 100-200 ℃;
10) sending the low-temperature tail gas obtained in the step 9) into a drying device, drying the organic solid waste by using the waste heat of the low-temperature tail gas, and discharging the low-temperature tail gas after the low-temperature tail gas is purified by a tail gas purification device.
Further, in the step 4), the condensation temperature of the tar condensation and collection device is 30-40 ℃. The tar is collected by adopting low-temperature condensation, so that organic matters containing chlorine and bromine are fully condensed, and dioxin generated when pyrolysis gas of the organic matters containing chlorine and bromine enters a fuel cell for power generation is avoided.
Further, in the step 2) and the step 8), the pyrolysis reaction of the pyrolysis furnace and the tar pyrolysis furnace is in an oxygen-free and/or low-oxygen environment. When the pyrolysis furnace pyrolyzes organic solid waste and the tar pyrolyzing furnace pyrolyzes tar, the pyrolysis furnace is carried out in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen state, so that the generation condition of dioxin is avoided, and the environment is more favorable for environmental protection. The pressure of the pyrolysis furnace and the tar pyrolysis furnace during pyrolysis is normal pressure or slight negative pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
(1) the utility model discloses an organic solid useless minimizing, innoxious and resourceful treatment, the secondary pyrolysis gas that the pyrolysis gas that produces and tar pyrolysis produced when through the pyrolysis is as fuel cell's fuel, convert the chemical energy in the pyrolysis gas into the electric energy, the electric energy is required energy when providing organic solid useless pyrolysis for the pyrolysis oven, the high temperature tail gas that fuel cell produced is used for the heating of tar pyrolysis oven in addition, organic solid useless drying and waste heat power generation, the efficient utilization of the energy has been realized. The system and the method can realize the high-efficiency utilization and harmless treatment of the organic solid waste resources.
(2) The utility model adopts indirect heating, oxygen-free participation or low-oxygen pyrolysis mode in the process of pyrolyzing and gasifying the organic solid wastes, thereby effectively avoiding the generation of dioxin; when the generated pyrolysis gas is insufficient during pyrolysis, the electric heating jacket can be heated in an auxiliary way through industrial electricity when the generated energy of the fuel cell is insufficient, and in addition, when the generated pyrolysis gas is sufficient during pyrolysis, the surplus electricity generated by the fuel cell can be used for domestic and industrial electricity. Meanwhile, as the pyrolysis slag contains carbon powder and other valuable materials, the pyrolysis slag can be recycled, the system is adopted to recycle and harmlessly and decreasingly treat the original organic solid wastes, the operation is simpler and more convenient by the mode of electric pyrolysis, and great social benefit and economic benefit are generated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the power generation system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that the embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment without conflict.
An organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system using a fuel cell is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a drying device, a pyrolysis furnace, a high-temperature dust remover, a tar condensation collector, an oil-water separator, a pyrolysis gas purification device, a tar pyrolysis furnace, the fuel cell, a waste heat recovery device, a power generation device and a tail gas purification device; the outlet of the drying device is connected with the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature dust remover, and the outlet of the high-temperature dust remover is connected with the gas inlet of the tar condensation collecting device; the gas outlet of the tar condensation and collection device is connected with the gas inlet of the pyrolysis gas purification device, the oil outlet of the tar condensation and collection device is connected with the oil inlet of the oil-water separator, and the oil outlet of the oil-water separator is connected with the oil inlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace; the gas outlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace is connected with a pyrolysis gas purification device; the gas outlet of the pyrolysis gas purification device is connected with the gas inlet of the fuel cell, the gas outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the tar pyrolysis furnace, the tar pyrolysis furnace is connected with the waste heat recovery device, the gas outlet of the waste heat recovery device is respectively connected with the gas inlet of the power generation device and the gas inlet of the drying device, and the gas outlet of the drying device is connected with the gas inlet of the tail gas purification device; the power generation device and the fuel cell are respectively connected with the pyrolysis furnace. Specifically, the power generation device is a steam turbine. The energy required for pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace is derived from electric energy generated by a fuel cell and a steam turbine, or from external power supply.
Further, all be equipped with sealing device on the import of pyrolysis oven and the gas outlet, prevent that the air from entering into inside the pyrolysis oven.
Furthermore, an electric heating jacket device is arranged outside the pyrolysis furnace, and the power generation device and the fuel cell are respectively connected with the electric heating jacket device; the electric heating elements are resistance wires and/or silicon carbide rods.
Furthermore, the gas outlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace is provided with a sealing device, so that air is prevented from entering the tar pyrolysis furnace when the oil residue is discharged.
Still further, the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.
Preferably, the outside of the transportation gas pipeline is insulated by insulation cotton.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the organic solid waste is domestic garbage, which contains 40% of water, 57% of organic matters, and 3% of other inorganic matters. Organic matter: waste plastics, wrappage, leather fabric, waste paper and kitchen waste; inorganic substances: metal, stone, glass and sand.
A method for utilizing an organic solid waste pyrolytic power generation system of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
1) adding the organic solid waste raw material into a drying device, drying at 120 ℃ for 3h, and removing more than 80% of water in the organic solid waste raw material;
2) adding the organic solid waste dried in the step 1) into a pyrolysis furnace through a sealed feeding device, wherein an electric heating jacket is arranged outside the pyrolysis furnace, and pyrolyzing the organic solid waste at 800 ℃ for 120min to ensure that the organic matter is completely decomposed to generate pyrolysis slag and pyrolysis gas; the pyrolysis gas contains dust, tar and combustible hydrocarbon; the pyrolysis slag contains carbon powder and other valuable materials, and the carbon powder is recycled after the pyrolysis slag is collected;
3) introducing the pyrolysis gas obtained in the step 2) into a high-temperature dust remover through a gas conveying pipeline, capturing and collecting dust by the high-temperature dust remover, wherein the dust removal temperature is not lower than 400 ℃ during high-temperature dust removal, so that tar is prevented from being condensed in the high-temperature dust remover, and the pyrolysis slag and the dust can be collected together because the dust component captured by the high-temperature dust remover is similar to the pyrolysis slag component;
4) introducing the pyrolysis gas subjected to dust removal in the step 3) into a tar condensation and collection device, and collecting tar at 30 ℃; absorbing inorganic acid gas such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide and the like by the decoked pyrolysis gas through a pyrolysis gas purification device, and then introducing the inorganic acid gas into a fuel cell as fuel gas;
5) removing moisture in the tar collected in the step 4) through an oil-water separator, then sending the tar into a tar pyrolysis furnace for catalytic pyrolysis, and pyrolyzing the tar at 900 ℃ for 2 hours under the action of a catalyst to convert macromolecular organic matters in the tar into micromolecular pyrolysis gas and generate secondary pyrolysis gas; wherein, the interior of the tar pyrolysis furnace is kept in an oxygen-free environment in the tar pyrolysis process, and a sealing device is adopted in the charging and discharging processes of the pyrolysis furnace to prevent air from entering the interior of the pyrolysis furnace and generate oil residue in the tar pyrolysis process, and the main component is carbon powder to recycle the oil residue; wherein the catalyst is one or more of dolomite, limestone, a nickel-based catalyst and an iron-based catalyst.
6) Introducing the secondary pyrolysis gas obtained in the step 5) into a pyrolysis gas purification device, and purifying and absorbing inorganic acid gas in the pyrolysis gas;
7) the main components of the pyrolysis gas purified in the step 6) are micromolecular combustible gas such as methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and the like, the micromolecular combustible gas is used as fuel gas to enter a fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, air is added as combustion-supporting gas, the chemical energy in the combustible gas is converted into electric energy in the process, the generated electric energy supplies power for the pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace, high-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 900-;
8) indirectly heating the high-temperature tail gas generated in the step 7) by the tar pyrolysis furnace, providing energy required by pyrolysis of the tar pyrolysis furnace, and converting the high-temperature tail gas into medium-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 700-;
9) and (3) introducing the medium-temperature tail gas obtained in the step 8) into a waste heat recovery device (waste heat boiler), supplying heat to a power generation device (steam turbine) for power generation by the waste heat recovery device (waste heat boiler), and transmitting electric quantity to an external electric heating jacket of the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace. The medium-temperature tail gas from the waste heat boiler is converted into low-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 100-150 ℃;
10) and (3) introducing the low-temperature tail gas obtained in the step 9) into a drying device, drying the organic solid waste raw material by using the waste heat of the low-temperature tail gas, and finally, performing dust removal and spray absorption treatment on the low-temperature tail gas by using a tail gas purification device to achieve standard emission.
Example 2
In this example, the organic solid waste is a circuit board, and the circuit board contains 4% of water, 56% of metals (copper, iron, lead, tin, aluminum, nickel, antimony, zinc, etc.), 19% of inorganic salts (mainly silicate), and 21% of organic substances (mainly epoxy resin and polyester).
A method for utilizing an organic solid waste pyrolytic power generation system of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
1) adding the organic solid waste raw material into a drying device, drying at 140 ℃ for 30min, and removing more than 90% of water in the organic solid waste raw material;
2) adding the organic solid waste dried in the step 1) into a pyrolysis furnace through a sealed feeding device, wherein an electric heating jacket is arranged outside the pyrolysis furnace, and pyrolyzing the organic solid waste for 160min at 700 ℃ to ensure that organic matters are completely decomposed to generate pyrolysis slag and pyrolysis gas; the pyrolysis gas contains dust, tar and combustible hydrocarbon; the pyrolysis slag contains carbon powder, metal and inorganic salt, and the carbon powder and the metal are recycled by brushing and selecting the pyrolysis slag as resources;
3) introducing the pyrolysis gas obtained in the step 2) into a high-temperature dust remover through a gas conveying pipeline, capturing and collecting dust by the high-temperature dust remover, wherein the dust removal temperature is not lower than 400 ℃ during high-temperature dust removal, so that tar is prevented from being condensed in the high-temperature dust remover, and the pyrolysis slag and the dust can be collected together because the dust component captured by the high-temperature dust remover is similar to the pyrolysis slag component;
4) introducing the pyrolysis gas subjected to dust removal in the step 3) into a tar condensation and collection device, and collecting tar at 40 ℃; absorbing inorganic acid gas such as hydrogen bromide and the like by the decoking pyrolysis gas through a pyrolysis gas purification device, and then introducing the inorganic acid gas into a fuel cell as fuel gas;
5) removing moisture in the tar collected in the step 4) through an oil-water separator, then sending the tar into a tar pyrolysis furnace for catalytic pyrolysis, and pyrolyzing the tar at 850 ℃ for 1h under the action of a catalyst to convert macromolecular organic matters in the tar into micromolecular pyrolysis gas and generate secondary pyrolysis gas; wherein, the interior of the tar pyrolysis furnace is kept in an oxygen-free environment in the tar pyrolysis process, and a sealing device is adopted in the charging and discharging processes of the pyrolysis furnace to prevent air from entering the interior of the pyrolysis furnace and generate oil residue in the tar pyrolysis process, and the main component is carbon powder to recycle the oil residue;
6) introducing the secondary pyrolysis gas obtained in the step 5) into a pyrolysis gas purification device, and purifying and absorbing inorganic acid gas in the pyrolysis gas;
7) the main components of the secondary pyrolysis gas purified in the step 6) are micromolecular combustible gas such as methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and the like, the micromolecular combustible gas is used as fuel gas to enter a fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, air is added as combustion-supporting gas, the chemical energy in the combustible gas is converted into electric energy in the process, the generated electric energy supplies power for the pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace, high-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 800 plus 900 ℃ is generated in the reaction process of the fuel cell, and the main components in the high-temperature tail gas are water and carbon dioxide;
8) indirectly heating the high-temperature tail gas generated in the step 7) by the tar pyrolysis furnace, providing energy required by pyrolysis of the tar pyrolysis furnace, and converting the high-temperature tail gas into medium-temperature tail gas with the temperature of 700-;
9) and (3) introducing the medium-temperature tail gas obtained in the step 8) into a waste heat recovery device (waste heat boiler), supplying heat to a power generation device (steam turbine) for power generation by the waste heat recovery device (waste heat boiler), and transmitting electric quantity to an external electric heating jacket of the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace. The medium-temperature tail gas from the waste heat boiler is converted into low-temperature tail gas with the temperature of about 100 ℃;
10) and (3) introducing the low-temperature tail gas obtained in the step 9) into a drying device, drying the organic solid waste raw material by using the waste heat of the low-temperature tail gas, and discharging the low-temperature tail gas after dust removal and spray absorption treatment of a tail gas purification device to reach the standard.
In the circuit board pyrolysis process in step 2) in this embodiment, since the organic matter in the circuit board is less and the power generation amount is less, power needs to be connected from outside during pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace, so that the pyrolysis reaction of the pyrolysis furnace is ensured to be smoothly performed.
Performance testing
The purified secondary pyrolysis gas obtained in step 6) of example 1 and example 2 was taken, and the dioxin content was measured, and the results of the measurement were all undetected.
The two times of pyrolysis are carried out in an anaerobic state, so that generation of highly toxic pollutants such as dioxin and the like due to severe oxidation and combustion of organic solid waste containing chlorine and bromine under the condition of excess air in the combustion process is avoided; and tar is collected by adopting low-temperature condensation, so that organic matters containing chlorine and bromine are fully condensed, and dioxin generated when pyrolysis gas of the organic matters containing chlorine and bromine enters a fuel cell for power generation is avoided. The secondary pyrolysis gas purified in step 6) therefore does not contain dioxins.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system utilizing a fuel cell is characterized by comprising a drying device, a pyrolysis furnace, a high-temperature dust remover, a tar condensation collector, an oil-water separator, a pyrolysis gas purification device, a tar pyrolysis furnace, the fuel cell, a waste heat recovery device, a power generation device and a tail gas purification device; the outlet of the drying device is connected with the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature dust remover, and the outlet of the high-temperature dust remover is connected with the gas inlet of the tar condensation collecting device; the gas outlet of the tar condensation and collection device is connected with the gas inlet of the pyrolysis gas purification device, the oil outlet of the tar condensation and collection device is connected with the oil inlet of the oil-water separator, and the oil outlet of the oil-water separator is connected with the oil inlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace; the gas outlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace is connected with a pyrolysis gas purification device; the gas outlet of the pyrolysis gas purification device is connected with the gas inlet of the fuel cell, the gas outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the tar pyrolysis furnace, the tar pyrolysis furnace is connected with the waste heat recovery device, and the gas outlet of the waste heat recovery device is connected with the gas inlet of the power generation device and the gas inlet of the drying device respectively; the gas outlet of the drying device is connected with the gas inlet of the tail gas purification device; the power generation device and the fuel cell are respectively connected with the pyrolysis furnace.
2. The organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system using a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein sealing means are provided on both the inlet and the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace.
3. The organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system using a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein an electric heating jacket device is provided outside the pyrolysis furnace, and the power generation device and the fuel cell are respectively connected to the electric heating jacket device; the electric heating elements are resistance wires and/or silicon carbide rods.
4. The organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system using a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a sealing means is provided at an air outlet of the tar pyrolysis furnace.
5. The organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system using a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.
6. The organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system using a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the tail gas purification device comprises a dust removal processing device and a spray tower absorption device which are connected in sequence, and a tail gas outlet of the drying device is connected with the dust removal processing device.
7. The organic solid waste pyrolysis power generation system using a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gas purification apparatus contains a purification absorbent inside, and the purification absorbent is calcium oxide.
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