CN115191484A - 一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115191484A CN115191484A CN202111683964.7A CN202111683964A CN115191484A CN 115191484 A CN115191484 A CN 115191484A CN 202111683964 A CN202111683964 A CN 202111683964A CN 115191484 A CN115191484 A CN 115191484A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lactose
- yoghourt
- low
- percent
- prebiotics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 235000013406 prebiotics Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- JCQLYHFGKNRPGE-FCVZTGTOSA-N lactulose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JCQLYHFGKNRPGE-FCVZTGTOSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229960000511 lactulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PFCRQPBOOFTZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactulose keto form Natural products OCC(=O)C(O)C(C(O)CO)OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O PFCRQPBOOFTZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108030002154 Cellobiose epimerases Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013960 Lactobacillus bulgaricus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000186672 Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000194020 Streptococcus thermophilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940004208 lactobacillus bulgaricus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020122 reconstituted milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010093096 Immobilized Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020191 long-life milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 13
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000010538 Lactose Intolerance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 102100026189 Beta-galactosidase Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 description 5
- 108010005774 beta-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015140 cultured milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- DKXNBNKWCZZMJT-QMRWEYQWSA-N (2s,3r,4r,5r)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-4-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexanal Chemical compound O=C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O DKXNBNKWCZZMJT-QMRWEYQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010007027 Calculus urinary Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930183419 Irisone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 108010059881 Lactase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000009911 Urinary Calculi Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZFLPKAIBPNNCA-BQYQJAHWSA-N alpha-ionone Chemical compound CC(=O)\C=C\C1C(C)=CCCC1(C)C UZFLPKAIBPNNCA-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 208000007386 hepatic encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003871 intestinal function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116108 lactase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003267 reducing disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000019206 urinary tract infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/1203—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes or microorganisms other than lactobacteriaceae
- A23C9/1206—Lactose hydrolysing enzymes, e.g. lactase, beta-galactosidase
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/123—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using only microorganisms of the genus lactobacteriaceae; Yoghurt
- A23C9/1234—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using only microorganisms of the genus lactobacteriaceae; Yoghurt characterised by using a Lactobacillus sp. other than Lactobacillus Bulgaricus, including Bificlobacterium sp.
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/123—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using only microorganisms of the genus lactobacteriaceae; Yoghurt
- A23C9/1238—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using only microorganisms of the genus lactobacteriaceae; Yoghurt using specific L. bulgaricus or S. thermophilus microorganisms; using entrapped or encapsulated yoghurt bacteria; Physical or chemical treatment of L. bulgaricus or S. thermophilus cultures; Fermentation only with L. bulgaricus or only with S. thermophilus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/123—Bulgaricus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/21—Streptococcus, lactococcus
- A23V2400/249—Thermophilus
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法,酸奶在发酵过程中部分乳糖转化生成乳果糖和依匹乳糖,使成品酸奶在符合低乳糖标准的同时,含有益生元成分;酸奶由下述质量百分比的原料制成:纤维二糖差向异构酶0.08~0.10%,保加利亚乳杆菌0.02%~0.5%,嗜热链球菌0.01~0.6%,嗜酸乳杆菌0.01~0.5%,其余为乳制品。本发明制备得到的酸奶中乳糖水解55%以上,能够达到低乳糖标准,适合乳糖不耐症患者。酶的加入使得酸奶发酵的同时还能够产生50%左右的功能性低聚糖(乳果糖和依匹乳糖),作为有益健康的益生元,协助乳酸菌对于肠道的改善作用,满足消费者对于维护和修复肠道功能健康的追求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品生产加工技术领域,具体涉及一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法。
背景技术
酸奶因其独特的口感和营养健康的价值,一直深受人们青睐。近几年来,酸奶市场不断扩容,2018年乳制品行业发展市场分析显示,酸奶已成为国内最具成长性的乳制品子品类。目前,酸奶的市场竞争也日益激烈,其发展新趋势也逐步显现。消费者不仅对酸奶的口味要求更加多元,而且对酸奶的营养价值提出了更高的要求。在酸奶添加的内容物日益丰富的同时,其所用菌种也在不断升级,满足消费者对于维护和修复肠道功能健康的诉求。
乳糖存在于哺乳动物的乳汁中,在牛乳中约占4.2%~5.0%。乳糖不耐受,又称乳糖缺乏症,是指由于乳糖酶分泌不足导致的不能完全分解乳品中的乳糖所引起的非感染性腹泻。酸奶发酵过程中,乳酸菌以乳糖作为碳源,生成乳酸,降低乳糖含量。然而,乳酸菌仅能消耗20%~30%乳糖,远低于低乳糖水平(乳糖含量≤2g/100mL)。2018年《消费者报道》发表了20款国内外常温酸奶的测评报告,显示大部分酸奶完全不符合低乳糖标准,这也证明了普通酸奶依旧不适用于乳糖不耐受人群食用。
乳果糖(C12H22O11,4-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-D-果糖)是由半乳糖和果糖以β-1,4-糖苷键结合形成的二糖,是一种功能性低聚糖。它不能被人体代谢分解,但可促进矿物质的吸附,降低慢性便秘、炎症性肠病、尿路感染、肝性脑病、胆固醇、尿石症等疾病的风险。乳果糖在单胃动物小肠内不被吸收,进入结肠后能被双歧杆菌产生的β- 半乳糖苷酶分解而成为双歧杆菌生长的碳源,从而促进双歧杆菌增殖。双歧杆菌作为人体生理性优势菌,代谢生成乳酸和乙酸,酸化肠道环境,降低肠道还原电位,抑制有害菌生长,对便秘、腹泻、肠炎等肠道菌群失调患者均有较好的疗效,因此乳果糖被人们称为“双歧杆菌增殖因子”。依匹乳糖,又名表乳糖,作为一种还原性双糖,也具有良好的益生效果。乳果糖和依匹乳糖对于人体健康尤其是人体肠道健康具有较好的保护和修复作用,符合消费者对于有利肠道健康产品的诉求。
目前市面上低乳糖酸奶较为少见,其所用工艺均是先用β-半乳糖苷酶将乳糖水解后再进行发酵,需要在50℃水解约5小时,增加了独立的水解步骤,延长了工艺生产时间,大大增加了生产成本。基于目前常用酸奶发酵菌株保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌,复配嗜酸乳杆菌共生发酵发酵乳可明显改善发酵乳风味。此外嗜酸乳杆菌CGMCC 22168可高效表达β-半乳糖苷酶(10.96μmol OPN/L min)水解乳糖,以促进嗜热链球菌和保加利亚乳杆菌生长。
基于巴氏杀菌的高温过程,利用纤维二糖差向异构酶催化乳糖生成乳果糖和依匹乳糖,制备低乳糖酸奶;无需专门的高温催化过程;并且基于高效利用乳糖的乳酸菌发酵,尤其是嗜酸乳杆菌CGMCC22168,发酵环境pH可迅速降低,纤维二糖差向异构酶失活,无需专门的灭酶过程,酸奶中乳糖残留量低,满足消费者对对低乳糖乳制品的健康要求。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中酸奶乳糖含量较高、功能性不强的问题,本发明提供一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法,利用纤维二糖差向异构酶能够直接将乳糖异构化生成乳果糖的原理,在巴氏杀菌过程中加入该酶,利用巴氏杀菌的高温环境,将部分乳糖异构化生成功能性乳果糖和依匹乳糖降低了最终酸奶中乳糖的含量,适合乳糖不耐症患者食用,同时生成的乳果糖和依匹乳糖赋予了酸奶功能特性,满足了消费者对于酸奶维护和修复肠道健康的追求。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
本发明提供一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶,酸奶在发酵过程中部分乳糖转化生成乳果糖和依匹乳糖,使成品酸奶在符合低乳糖标准的同时,含有益生元成分;酸奶由下述质量百分比的原料制成:纤维二糖差向异构酶0.08~0.10%,保加利亚乳杆菌0.02%~0.5%,嗜热链球菌0.01~0.6%,嗜酸乳杆菌CGMCC 22168 0.01~0.5%,其余为乳制品。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,还包括质量百分比为0.005~ 0.010%的辅助添加剂,所述辅助添加剂包括用于增加香味的香精、用于增加甜味的甜味剂、用于增加稳定性的稳定剂、用于增稠的增稠剂
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,所述乳制品为鲜牛奶或复原乳,其乳糖含量4.0~5.5%,其牛奶或蛋白含量≥3.3%。所述复原乳是将牛奶浓缩干燥后形成的浓缩乳或乳粉加水还原制成的乳液。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,所述纤维二糖差向异构酶为游离酶或固定化酶。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,最终乳糖含量低于2.0g/100 mL,乳果糖含量1.0~1.5g/100mL,依匹乳糖含量1.0~2.0g/100 mL。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案,本发明还提供一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将鲜牛乳或复原乳加热至30~50℃均质;
S2、加入纤维二糖差向异构酶;
S3、灭菌;将上述牛乳在62~65℃保持30min进行巴氏杀菌,在该过程中,纤维二糖差向异构酶开始反应,灭菌后的牛乳立即冷却至30~42℃;
S4、接入保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌和嗜酸乳杆菌CGMCC 22168 菌种,在42℃下发酵8~10h,发酵至终点pH 4.00~5.00;
S5、将发酵后的酸奶搅拌后冷却至20~25℃,再置于2~6℃下冷藏。
本发明相较于现有技术,具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明制备得到的酸奶中乳糖水解55%以上,能够达到低乳糖标准,适合乳糖不耐症患者。目前市面上酸奶真正符合低乳糖标准的仅占极少数,本发明制得的酸奶可弥补这一市场空缺。
(2)酶的加入使得酸奶发酵的同时还能够产生50%左右的功能性低聚糖(乳果糖和依匹乳糖),作为有益健康的益生元,协助乳酸菌对于肠道的改善作用,满足消费者对于维护和修复肠道功能健康的追求。
(3)无需独立的水解工艺环节,简化了工艺流程,节约了生产时间。市面上低乳糖酸奶较为少见,其所用工艺均是先用β-半乳糖苷酶将乳糖水解后再进行发酵,需要在50℃下水解约5小时,增加了额外的水解步骤,延长了工艺生产时间,增加了生产成本,而本发明中,约50%的乳糖在巴氏杀菌过程中被转化为功能性低聚糖,该工艺有效简化了目前已有的低乳糖酸奶制备工艺。
(4)纤维二糖差向异构酶用于乳果糖酸奶发酵的优势:热稳定性好,在巴氏杀菌温度62~65℃下酶的稳定性几乎不受影响,且酶活较高。因此,该酶可以有效的降低酸奶中的乳糖含量,达到低乳糖标准,同时生成较多的低聚糖,改善肠道健康。在酸奶42℃发酵的过程中,随着乳糖被转化生成为乳酸,pH逐渐降低,酶活丧失,无需增设灭酶工艺。
菌种保藏:
本发明所述嗜酸乳杆菌的分类命名为嗜酸乳杆菌Lactobacillus acidophilus,所述嗜酸乳杆菌的保藏号为CGMCC NO.22168,保藏日期为2021年4月12日,保藏单位为中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏单位地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解,此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
目标糖类(乳果糖、乳糖等)纯度检测方法:
利用HPLC测定目标糖类纯度的具体操作过程如下:取样后离心 (8000~12000rpm,15~20min),上清液经0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤,滤液上样后进行HPLC检测分析。
利用HPLC测定目标糖类纯度的具体检测条件如下:
色谱仪:Waters 2695高效液相色谱仪;
色谱柱:HILICpak VG-50 4E;
流动相:75%乙腈:20%甲醇:5%水溶液(v/v/v);
流动相流速:1mL/min;
温度:40℃;
检测器:Water 2414示差折光检测器;
进样量:10μL。
实施例1:含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶的制备
将100mL脱脂牛奶搅拌均匀后置于沸水中水浴30min灭菌,然后迅速降至30℃。向牛奶中加入100mg纤维二糖差向异构酶,并且加入0.2g乳酸菌粉和0.2g嗜酸乳杆菌CGMCC22168菌粉,搅拌均匀后,置于42℃下发酵8小时。如表1所示为实施例1牛奶、普通酸奶和益生元酸奶中乳糖、乳果糖和依匹乳糖含量分析。
实施例2:含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶的制备
将100mL脱脂牛奶搅拌均匀后置于沸水中水浴30min灭菌,然后迅速降至35℃。向牛奶中加入90mg纤维二糖差向异构酶,并且加入0.15g乳酸菌粉和0.15g嗜酸乳杆菌CGMCC22168菌粉,搅拌均匀后,置于42℃下发酵8小时。如表1所示为实施例2牛奶、普通酸奶和益生元酸奶中乳糖、乳果糖和依匹乳糖含量分析。
实施例3:含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶的制备
将100mL脱脂牛奶搅拌均匀后置于沸水中水浴30min灭菌,然后迅速降至35℃。向牛奶中加入80mg纤维二糖差向异构酶,并且加入0.1g乳酸菌粉和0.1g嗜酸乳杆菌CGMCC22168菌粉,搅拌均匀后,置于42℃下发酵8小时。如表1所示为实施例3牛奶、普通酸奶和益生元酸奶中乳糖、乳果糖和依匹乳糖含量分析。
本发明提供的制备含有益生元酸奶的方法中,在巴氏杀菌之前加入纤维二糖差向异构酶。因为该酶的最适温度为80℃,在该温度下热稳定性较好,且酶活较高,有利于乳糖转化为乳果糖。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
表1 实施例中牛奶、普通酸奶和益生元酸奶中乳糖、乳果糖及依匹乳糖含量分析
Claims (5)
1.一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶,其特征在于,酸奶在发酵过程中部分乳糖转化生成乳果糖和依匹乳糖,使成品酸奶在符合低乳糖标准的同时,含有益生元成分;酸奶由下述质量百分比的原料制成:纤维二糖差向异构酶0.08~0.10%,保加利亚乳杆菌0.02%~0.5%,嗜热链球菌0.01~0.6%,嗜酸乳杆菌0.01~0.5%,其余为乳制品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶,其特征在于,所述乳制品为鲜牛奶或复原乳,其乳糖含量4.0~5.5%,其牛奶或蛋白含量≥3.3%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶,其特征在于,所述纤维二糖差向异构酶为游离酶或固定化酶。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶,其特征在于,最终乳糖含量低于2.0g/100 mL,乳果糖含量1.0~1.5 g/100 mL,依匹乳糖含量1.0~2.0 g/100 mL。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一所述的含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将鲜牛乳或复原乳加热至30~50℃均质;
S2、加入纤维二糖差向异构酶;
S3、灭菌;将上述牛乳在62~65℃保持30min进行巴氏杀菌,在该过程中,纤维二糖差向异构酶开始反应,灭菌后的牛乳立即冷却至30~42℃;
S4、接入保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌和嗜酸乳杆菌菌种,在42℃下发酵8~10 h,发酵至终点pH 4.00~5.00;
S5、将发酵后的酸奶搅拌后冷却至20~25℃,再置于2~6℃下冷藏。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111683964.7A CN115191484A (zh) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | 一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111683964.7A CN115191484A (zh) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | 一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115191484A true CN115191484A (zh) | 2022-10-18 |
Family
ID=83573745
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111683964.7A Pending CN115191484A (zh) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | 一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN115191484A (zh) |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2725731A1 (de) * | 1977-06-07 | 1978-12-21 | Roberts James Gorden | Verfahren zur herstellung eines nahrungsmittels auf milchbasis |
CN102726522A (zh) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-10-17 | 山东东兴生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种低乳糖巴氏奶的制备方法 |
WO2015193449A1 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-23 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Method of producing a fermented milk product with reduced residual lactose concentration |
CN106234582A (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-21 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | 一种利用乳糖酶改善组织状态的酸奶及其制备方法 |
CN106879739A (zh) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-23 | 范旻 | 一种含四类活菌的微生物发酵乳酸制剂及其制备方法 |
CN109576322A (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-05 | 山东天力药业有限公司 | 一种乳果糖制备方法 |
CN112501153A (zh) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-16 | 苏州福赛思生物科技有限公司 | 一种固定化纤维二糖差向异构酶及其应用于乳果糖制备的方法 |
CN112592868A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-02 | 杭州娃哈哈科技有限公司 | 一种用于制备低乳糖或零乳糖酸奶的乳酸菌直投式发酵剂 |
CN113575680A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | 低脂低乳糖复合型酸奶及其制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-12-29 CN CN202111683964.7A patent/CN115191484A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2725731A1 (de) * | 1977-06-07 | 1978-12-21 | Roberts James Gorden | Verfahren zur herstellung eines nahrungsmittels auf milchbasis |
CN102726522A (zh) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-10-17 | 山东东兴生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种低乳糖巴氏奶的制备方法 |
WO2015193449A1 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-23 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Method of producing a fermented milk product with reduced residual lactose concentration |
CN106879739A (zh) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-23 | 范旻 | 一种含四类活菌的微生物发酵乳酸制剂及其制备方法 |
CN106234582A (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-21 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | 一种利用乳糖酶改善组织状态的酸奶及其制备方法 |
CN109576322A (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-05 | 山东天力药业有限公司 | 一种乳果糖制备方法 |
CN113575680A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | 低脂低乳糖复合型酸奶及其制备方法 |
CN112501153A (zh) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-16 | 苏州福赛思生物科技有限公司 | 一种固定化纤维二糖差向异构酶及其应用于乳果糖制备的方法 |
CN112592868A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-02 | 杭州娃哈哈科技有限公司 | 一种用于制备低乳糖或零乳糖酸奶的乳酸菌直投式发酵剂 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
韩亮等: "纤维二糖差向异构酶在毕赤酵母中的表达及酶学性质研究", 工业微生物, vol. 46, no. 01, pages 16 - 21 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11896024B2 (en) | Method of glycation of a polypeptide | |
EP0323201B1 (en) | Method for producing processed milk containing galactooligosaccharide | |
US10098367B2 (en) | Use of glycosidase in preparation of a milk product | |
Rosenberg | Current trends of β-galactosidase application in food technology | |
CN107927168B (zh) | 一种含有开菲尔乳杆菌的发酵乳及其制备方法 | |
Sriphannam et al. | A selected probiotic strain of Lactobacillus fermentum CM33 isolated from breast-fed infants as a potential source of β-galactosidase for prebiotic oligosaccharide synthesis | |
US20230404094A1 (en) | Fermented milk for regulating gut health and preparation method thereof | |
CN106615116A (zh) | 具有益生功能的开菲尔酸奶及其制备方法 | |
EP3208332A1 (en) | Lactase solution and milk using same | |
CN114568530A (zh) | 一种功能性益生元羊奶粉及其制备方法 | |
CN114431295A (zh) | 一种高蛋白低脂常温饮用型酸奶及其制备方法 | |
JPH0522516B2 (zh) | ||
EP4440320A1 (en) | Method for preparing lactose-free dairy product containing galactooligosaccharides, and dairy product thereof | |
CN115191484A (zh) | 一种含有益生元的低乳糖酸奶及制备方法 | |
CN111248265A (zh) | 具有提高免疫系统机能的多种菌群平衡体雪莲菌应用方法 | |
WO2019009130A1 (ja) | ガラクトオリゴ糖の製造方法 | |
C Perotti et al. | Dairy products modified in their lactose content | |
CN116897209A (zh) | 包含低聚半乳糖的发酵乳基制品及其方法 | |
CN111206005A (zh) | 一种培养瑞士乳杆菌缓解乳糖不耐受功能菌株的培养基及其培养方法 | |
Niamah et al. | Chemistry and Sources of Lactase Enzyme with an Emphasis on Microbial Biotransformation in Milk | |
CN117660262B (zh) | 一种用于低/零乳糖乳制品生产的乳酸菌组合及其应用 | |
CN116508841A (zh) | 一种无蔗糖添加的零乳糖酸奶的制备工艺 | |
CN115868534A (zh) | 一种甜牛奶的制备方法 | |
CN110973244A (zh) | 一种降低发酵牛乳乳清析出的方法及其应用 | |
Geetha | Immobilization of beta galactosidase for production of fermented milk products with low lactose |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20221018 |