CN115191349B - Cultivation method of corn seeds - Google Patents
Cultivation method of corn seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN115191349B CN115191349B CN202211046985.2A CN202211046985A CN115191349B CN 115191349 B CN115191349 B CN 115191349B CN 202211046985 A CN202211046985 A CN 202211046985A CN 115191349 B CN115191349 B CN 115191349B
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- corn
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013376 functional food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010196 hermaphroditism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of corn seeds, which comprises the following steps of S1, cleaning and sterilizing; s2, mutagenesis; s3, obtaining variant seeds; s4, drying and storing; the mutagenesis equipment used in the cultivation method comprises a box body, wherein a mutagenesis chamber is arranged in the box body, ultraviolet lamps and white light lamps are arranged on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the mutagenesis chamber, a throwing mechanism is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber and used for throwing corn seeds so that batches of corn seeds can be uniformly contacted with ultraviolet rays. The device is when carrying out ultraviolet mutagenesis to a batch of seeds, and last batch of seed after ultraviolet mutagenesis can carry out the culture solution independently and mutagenize the processing simultaneously to make the device can carry out the mutagenesis to two batches of seeds simultaneously and handle, and through throwing the setting of subassembly and drum the subassembly, make need not to place maize seed singly and also can carry out the seed mutagenesis of batch and handle, can discharge the seed after the mutagenesis simultaneously voluntarily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of corn seed culture, in particular to a corn seed culture method.
Background
Corn is an annual hermaphrodite cross-pollinated plant, has great potential for developing high-nutrition and high-biological functional food, is one of crops with highest total yield worldwide, has a planting area and total yield which are inferior to those of rice and wheat, but has relatively complex hereditary property and rich variation types, and can be subjected to mutagenesis treatment after airing in the cultivation process of corn seeds, so that the existing corn seed mutagenesis treatment equipment still has the following problems:
most of the existing corn seed mutagenesis treatment is to place corn seeds in grooves in a culture disc independently, then use an ultraviolet lamp to carry out ultraviolet mutagenesis treatment, and use a culture solution and a white light lamp to carry out culture solution mutagenesis treatment simultaneously, however, as ultraviolet mutagenesis and culture solution mutagenesis are carried out simultaneously when a lot of seeds are subjected to mutagenesis, the next lot of mutagenesis is troublesome after the completion of the mutagenesis of one lot of seeds, and the seeds need to be placed independently and cannot be subjected to quick batch mutagenesis treatment, so that how to reasonably solve the problem is considered by us.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a corn seed cultivation method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating corn seeds, comprising the steps of:
s1, cleaning and sterilizing, namely cleaning corn seeds by using clear water, soaking the corn seeds by using a potassium permanganate solution, taking out, draining, soaking in warm water, taking out and airing;
s2, mutagenesis, namely placing the dried seeds into mutagenesis equipment for mutagenesis treatment, so as to obtain surviving seedlings;
s3, obtaining variant seeds, carrying out selfing by using the surviving seedlings, and threshing by using a single spike to obtain the variant seeds;
and S4, drying and storing, namely coating the variant seeds by adopting a seed coating agent, and drying the coated seeds until the water content of the seeds is about twenty percent, and storing.
The mutagenesis equipment used in the cultivation method comprises a box body, wherein a mutagenesis chamber is arranged in the box body, ultraviolet lamps and white light lamps are arranged on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the mutagenesis chamber, a throwing mechanism is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber and used for throwing corn seeds so that batches of corn seeds can be uniformly contacted with ultraviolet rays, and the ultraviolet mutagenesis effect on the batches of corn seeds is improved; the automatic corn seed culture device is characterized in that a switching component is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber, so that corn seeds subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis can be subjected to culture solution mutagenesis simultaneously, the switching component comprises a vertical rod arranged at the inner bottom of the mutagenesis chamber, the vertical rod is rotationally connected with the inner bottom of the mutagenesis chamber, the upper end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with a placement rack, the upper end of the placement rack is fixedly connected with two placement boxes, a transverse cavity is arranged in the box body, the lower end of the vertical rod extends to the transverse cavity and is provided with a first gear, a first rack matched with the first gear is arranged in the transverse cavity, the left end of the first rack extends to the outside and is fixedly connected with a pull ring, and a one-way bearing is arranged between the first gear and the vertical rod; the box is internally provided with a stirring assembly, the stirring assembly is used for blowing gas into the culture solution, and supplying oxygen to the water on one hand, and meanwhile, the corn seeds in batches are turned in the placing box, so that the corn seeds in batches can uniformly contact with the culture solution for germination.
Preferably, the throwing assembly comprises a driving motor arranged on the front side of the box body, a vertical cavity is formed in the box body, the tail end of an output shaft of the driving motor extends into the vertical cavity and is fixedly connected with an incomplete gear, a rotating rod is arranged in the vertical cavity, two ends of the rotating rod are rotatably connected with the inner walls of the front side and the rear side of the vertical cavity, a second gear matched with the incomplete gear is arranged on the rotating rod, the rear end of the rotating rod extends into the mutagenesis chamber and is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the rear side of the mutagenesis chamber, the rotating rod is elastically connected with the inner wall of the rear side of the mutagenesis chamber through a torsion spring, a connecting rod is arranged on the rotating rod, the upper end and the lower end of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with a throwing spoon, an arc plate is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber, the arc plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the four sides of the mutagenesis chamber, the top space of the mutagenesis chamber is communicated with the outside through an adding port, a blanking port is arranged in the arc plate, and a blocking assembly is arranged in the blanking port.
Preferably, the blast assembly comprises a piston arranged in a vertical cavity, the piston is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the vertical cavity, the upper end of the piston is in elastic connection with the top space of the vertical cavity through a second spring, the lower end of the piston is fixedly connected with a second rack matched with an incomplete gear, the lower end of the vertical rod is provided with a rotary joint, the top space of the vertical cavity is communicated with the outside through an air inlet pipe, the top space of the vertical cavity is communicated with the lower end of the rotary joint through an air outlet pipe, the upper ends of the rotary joint are communicated with the bottom spaces of two placing boxes through tee grooves, the tee grooves are formed by a main groove and two branch grooves, and one-way valves are arranged on the two branch grooves of the tee grooves and the air inlet pipe.
Preferably, the two placing boxes are internally provided with sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the inner wall of the placing box, and the placing box is provided with a plurality of air ports.
Preferably, the blocking component comprises a shrinkage groove arranged on the right inner wall of the blanking port, a baffle is arranged in the shrinkage groove, the baffle is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the shrinkage groove, the right side of the baffle is in elastic connection with the right inner wall of the shrinkage groove through a first spring, guide wheels are arranged at the inner bottom of the shrinkage groove and the inner top of the transverse cavity, a pull rope is fixedly connected to the right side of the baffle, and the pull rope sequentially bypasses the two guide wheels and is fixedly connected with the right side of the first rack.
Preferably, the sliding block is magnetic, the upper end of the sliding block is an inclined plane, an electromagnet is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the mutagenesis chamber, a discharge opening is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the mutagenesis chamber, and the left side of the box body is fixedly connected with a placing table.
Preferably, the upper end of rack is equipped with two rectangle boxes, two all be equipped with the separation subassembly in the rectangle box, the separation subassembly is including setting up the rectangle piece in the rectangle box, the inner wall sliding connection of rectangle piece and rectangle box, the upper end of rectangle piece passes through third spring elastic connection with the interior top of rectangle box, the lower extreme of rectangle piece extends to in the corresponding branch groove.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the prior art, by the arrangement of the throwing component, when the device carries out batch ultraviolet mutagenesis on corn seeds, the corn seeds can be uniformly subjected to ultraviolet illumination without singly placing the seeds, so that the ultraviolet fission effect of the batch seeds is ensured, and the condition that the ultraviolet fission effect is poor due to seed accumulation is avoided;
2. compared with the prior art, through the arrangement of the switching assembly, the device can perform ultraviolet mutagenesis on one batch of seeds while performing culture solution mutagenesis on the other batch of seeds, so that the device can perform different mutagenesis treatment on two batches of seeds simultaneously, the practicability of the device is greatly improved, and after each switching, the mutagenized seeds can be automatically discharged, so that manual cleaning is not needed, and the device is convenient and quick;
3. compared with the prior art, by means of the arrangement of the agitation assembly, when the seeds are subjected to batch mutagenesis, the corn seeds can be suspended in the culture solution by utilizing air flow to uniformly receive illumination of the white light lamp, so that the mutagenesis effect of the culture solution is ensured, and meanwhile, the influence of mutual accumulation of the seeds on the germination rate of the seeds can be avoided;
4. compared with the prior art, through the setting of separation subassembly for in the placing box that carries out the culture solution mutagenesis can only be entered into to the air current arrangement at every turn, thereby make the bubble that produces in the placing box more, make in the corn seed can all suspend in the culture solution, ensure the germination percentage of corn seed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mutagenesis apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3C;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at D in fig. 5.
In the figure: the device comprises a box body 1, a mutagenesis chamber 2, an adding port 3, an ultraviolet lamp 4, a rotating rod 5, a connecting rod 6, a polishing ladle 7, a white light lamp 8, an arc-shaped plate 9, a placing table 10, a pull ring 11, a first rack 12, a vertical rod 13, a three-way groove 14, a rotary joint 15, a first gear 16, an electromagnet 17, a placing box 18, a sliding block 19, a gas port 20, a placing rack 21, a blanking port 22, a baffle plate 23, a shrinkage groove 24, a first spring 25, a torsion spring 26, a driving motor 27, a second gear 28, a vertical cavity 29, a partial gear 30, a second spring 31, a piston 32, a second rack 33, a gas inlet pipe 34, a gas outlet pipe 35, a rectangular box 36, a third spring 37 and a rectangular block 38.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, a method of cultivating corn seeds comprises the steps of:
s1, cleaning and sterilizing, namely cleaning corn seeds by using clear water, soaking the corn seeds by using a potassium permanganate solution, taking out, draining, soaking in warm water, taking out and airing;
s2, mutagenesis, namely placing the dried seeds into mutagenesis equipment for mutagenesis treatment, so as to obtain surviving seedlings;
s3, obtaining variant seeds, carrying out selfing by using the surviving seedlings, and threshing by using a single spike to obtain the variant seeds;
s4, drying and storing, namely coating the variant seeds by using a seed coating agent, drying the coated seeds until the water content of the seeds is about twenty percent, and storing;
the mutagenesis equipment used in the culture method comprises a box body 1, wherein a mutagenesis chamber 2 is arranged in the box body 1, ultraviolet lamps 4 and white lamps 8 are arranged on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the mutagenesis chamber 2, a throwing mechanism is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber 2 and used for throwing corn seeds to enable the corn seeds in batches to be uniformly contacted with ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet mutagenesis effect on the corn seeds in batches is improved, a throwing component comprises a driving motor 27 arranged on the front side of the box body 1, a vertical cavity 29 is arranged in the box body 1, the tail end of an output shaft of the driving motor 27 extends into the vertical cavity 29 and is fixedly connected with an incomplete gear 30, a rotating rod 5 is arranged in the vertical cavity 29, two ends of the rotating rod 5 are rotatably connected with the inner walls of the front side and the rear side of the vertical cavity 29, a second gear 28 matched with the incomplete gear 30 is arranged on the rotating rod 5, the rear end of the rotating rod 5 extends into the mutagenesis chamber 2 and is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the rear side of the mutagenesis chamber 2, the rotating rod 5 is elastically connected with the inner wall of the mutagenesis chamber 2 through a torsion spring 26, a connecting rod 6 is arranged on the rear side of the rotating rod 5, an upper end of the rotating rod 6 is fixedly connected with the rotating rod 2 and is fixedly connected with an incomplete gear 30, an arc-shaped plate 2 is arranged in the arc-shaped plate 2, an arc-shaped opening is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped plate 2, and is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped plate 2, an arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped plate 2, and the arc-shaped plate is provided with an arc-shaped plate, and has an opening, and an opening is provided;
wherein, a switching component is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber 2, so that the corn seeds after ultraviolet mutagenesis can be subjected to culture solution mutagenesis simultaneously while the corn seeds are subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis, the switching component comprises a vertical rod 13 arranged at the inner bottom of the mutagenesis chamber 2, the vertical rod 13 is rotationally connected with the inner bottom of the mutagenesis chamber 2, the upper end of the vertical rod 13 is fixedly connected with a placing rack 21, the upper end of the placing rack 21 is fixedly connected with two placing boxes 18, a transverse cavity is formed in the box body 1, the lower end of the vertical rod 13 extends into the transverse cavity and is provided with a first gear 16, a first rack 12 matched with the first gear 16 is arranged in the transverse cavity, the left end of the first rack 12 extends to the outside and is fixedly connected with a pull ring 11, a one-way bearing is arranged between the first gear 16 and the vertical rod 13, the first rack 12 moves left to drive the vertical rod 13 to rotate through the first gear 16, and the first rack 12 moves right to drive the first gear 16 not to rotate;
the box 1 is internally provided with a drumming component, the drumming component is used for blowing air into the culture solution, oxygen is supplied to water on one side, meanwhile, batch corn seeds are turned in the placement box 18, batch corn seeds can uniformly sprout in contact with the culture solution, the drumming component comprises a piston 32 arranged in the vertical cavity 29, the piston 32 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the vertical cavity 29, the upper end of the piston 32 is elastically connected with the top space of the vertical cavity 29 through a second spring 31, the lower end of the piston 32 is fixedly connected with a second rack 33 matched with an incomplete gear 30, the lower end of a vertical rod 13 is provided with a rotary joint 15, the top space of the vertical cavity 29 is communicated with the outside through an air inlet pipe 34, the top space of the vertical cavity 29 is communicated with the lower end of the rotary joint 15 through an air outlet pipe 35, the upper end of the rotary joint 15 is communicated with the bottom spaces of the two placement boxes 18 through three-way grooves 14, the three-way grooves 14 are formed by a main groove and two branch grooves, one-way valves are arranged on the two grooves of the three-way grooves 14 and the air inlet pipe 34, and the air inlet pipe 34 is one-way to enter the top space of the vertical cavity 29, and enter the top space of the three-way boxes 18 through the three-way boxes 14.
Wherein, all be equipped with slider 19 in two placing box 18, slider 19 and the inner wall sliding connection of placing box 18, be equipped with a plurality of gas ports 20 on placing box 18, slider 19 has magnetism, the upper end of slider 19 is the inclined plane, be equipped with electro-magnet 17 on the left side inner wall of mutagenesis room 2, the electric current through electro-magnet 17 is great, thereby make electro-magnet 17 can produce great repulsion effect to the slider 19 that is located directly over, make slider 19 can drive corn seed and shift up, simultaneously because the slider 19 that is located the right side is far away with electro-magnet 17, though influencing but influence can not be too big, be equipped with the bin outlet on the left side inner wall of mutagenesis room 2, the left side fixedly connected with of box 1 places platform 10, be equipped with the swash plate on the left side inner wall of mutagenesis room 2, the corn seed can then be discharged through the bin outlet through the swash plate.
Wherein, stop the subassembly and including setting up the shrink groove 24 on the inner wall of blanking mouth 22 right side, be equipped with baffle 23 in the shrink groove 24, baffle 23 and shrink groove 24's inner wall sliding connection, baffle 23's right side and shrink groove 24's right side inner wall pass through first spring 25 elastic connection, shrink groove 24's interior bottom and horizontal chamber's interior top all are equipped with the leading wheel, baffle 23's right side fixedly connected with stay cord, two leading wheels are walked around in proper order to the stay cord and with first rack 12's right side fixed connection, stay cord initial condition is in the state of lax, make place box 18 remove to blanking mouth 22 below when, place box 18 and continue to rotate a section distance and just make blanking mouth 22 open this moment, place box 18 and be located blanking mouth 22 under, ensure that the maize seed falls into completely and place box 18.
The invention can explain its functional principle by the following modes of operation: when the seed is subjected to mutagenesis, the dried seeds are poured into the arc-shaped plate 9 through the adding port 3, the blanking port 22 is sealed by the baffle plate 23 at the moment, corn seeds fall on the arc-shaped plate 9 at the moment, then the driving motor 27 is started, the driving motor 27 drives the incomplete gear 30 to rotate, when the incomplete gear 30 is meshed with the second gear 28, the incomplete gear 30 drives the rotating rod 5 to rotate through the second gear 28, so that the rotating rod 5 drives the connecting rod 6 to rotate anticlockwise for one hundred eighty degrees, the throwing spoon 7 is used for scooping the corn seeds at the bottom of the arc-shaped plate 9 in the throwing spoon 7, when the incomplete gear 30 is not meshed with the second gear 28, the rotating rod 5 stops rotating anticlockwise, and then the corn seeds fly upwards and fall on the arc-shaped plate 9 due to inertia;
when the incomplete gear 30 is not meshed with the second gear 28, the rotating rod 5 drives the throwing spoon 7 to rotate anticlockwise under the elastic action of the torsion spring 26, so that part of corn seeds are thrown up again, the corn seeds are continuously thrown up in the middle through the continuous rotation of the driving motor 27, and the ultraviolet lamp 4 is always in a bright state, so that ultraviolet rays can be uniformly irradiated on the corn seeds, and further, batch ultraviolet mutagenesis treatment is carried out on the corn seeds, so that the situation that the ultraviolet mutagenesis effect of the corn seeds is low due to batch corn seed accumulation occurs;
when corn seeds are subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis for a period of time, the pull ring 11 can be pulled at the moment, so that the first rack 12 moves left, the vertical rods 13 are driven to rotate for one hundred eighty degrees, the positions of the two placing boxes 18 are exchanged, meanwhile, the first rack 12 moves right to tension a pull rope firstly, when the pull rope is tensioned, the placing boxes 18 just rotate to the lower part of the blanking opening 22, the first rack 12 moves left again after the pull rope is tensioned because the placing boxes 18 have a certain width, the baffle plate 23 moves right, so that the blanking opening 22 is opened, at the moment, seeds subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis fall into the placing boxes 18, and under the action of the white light lamp 8, the culture solution mutagenesis treatment is carried out on the corn seeds, and meanwhile, the germination of the corn seeds is promoted;
when the seeds subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis fall into the placement box 18, the pull ring 11 can be pushed inwards at the moment to enable the first rack 12 to move rightwards, due to the arrangement of the one-way bearing, the vertical rod 13 cannot rotate at the moment, and after the pull rope is loosened, the baffle plate 23 moves leftwards to seal the blanking port 22 again under the elastic action of the first spring 25, and at the moment, the seeds can be added into the mutagenesis chamber 2 to carry out ultraviolet mutagenesis treatment on second batches of corn seeds;
in the process of carrying out the mutagenesis treatment on the second batch of seeds, the piston 32 is continuously moved up and down under the elastic action of the second spring 31 due to the intermittent engagement and disengagement states of the incomplete gear 30 and the second rack 33;
the piston 32 moves downwards to enable the top space of the vertical cavity 29 to be increased and the air pressure to be reduced, at the moment, external air is sucked into the top space of the vertical cavity 29 under the action of atmospheric pressure, when the piston 32 moves upwards, the top space of the vertical cavity 29 is reduced, the air pressure is increased, so that the air enters into the two placement boxes 18 through the air outlet pipe 35 and the three-way groove 14, bubbles are formed in the culture solution through the plurality of air ports 20, and then the bubbles hold corn seeds upwards, so that the corn seeds are continuously suspended in the culture solution, each corn seed can uniformly receive illumination to carry out culture solution mutagenesis, the effect of batch mutagenesis of the seeds is improved, meanwhile, the occurrence of the condition that the seeds are not easy to germinate due to mutual accumulation is avoided, oxygen injection can be carried out in the culture solution, and the oxygen sufficiency of seed respiration is ensured;
when the germination of seeds is observed through the observation window, at this time, as the ultraviolet mutagenesis time of another batch of seeds is enough, the pull ring 11 can be pulled leftwards again, so that the positions of the two placing boxes 18 are exchanged again, at this time, the seeds subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis fall into the placing box 18 positioned on the right side at this time again, at this time, the sliding block 19 rotating to the left side can move upwards under the magnetic force of the electromagnet 17, so that corn seeds are ejected, and as the upper end surface of the sliding block 19 is an inclined surface, germinated seeds can fall out through the inclined plate and the discharge port, a collecting box can be placed above the placing table 10 in advance, at this time, the germinated seeds can fall into the collecting box, and subsequent cultivation is facilitated;
when the slide 19 rotates to a side far away from the electromagnet 17 (namely, below the blanking port 22), the slide 19 moves downwards into the placement box 18 under the action of gravity of the slide 19, so that seeds can be conveniently accepted.
Compared with the prior art, by the arrangement of the throwing component, when the device carries out batch ultraviolet mutagenesis on corn seeds, the corn seeds can be uniformly subjected to ultraviolet illumination without singly placing the seeds, so that the ultraviolet fission effect of the batch seeds is ensured, and the condition that the ultraviolet fission effect is poor due to seed accumulation is avoided;
through the arrangement of the switching component, the ultraviolet mutagenesis can be carried out on one batch of seeds while the culture solution mutagenesis is carried out on the other batch of seeds, so that the device can carry out different mutagenesis treatment on two batches of seeds simultaneously, the practicability of the device is greatly improved, and after each switching, the mutagenized seeds can be automatically discharged, thereby being free from manual cleaning, and being convenient and quick;
through setting up of stirring subassembly for when carrying out the batch mutagenesis to the seed, utilize the air current to make maize seed can suspend the illumination of the even white light lamp 8 of acceptance in the culture solution, ensure that the seed carries out the effect that the culture solution was mutagenized, can avoid the seed to pile up each other simultaneously and influence the germination percentage of seed.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5-6, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that two rectangular boxes 36 are provided at the upper end of the placement frame 21, a blocking component is provided in each of the two rectangular boxes 36, the blocking component includes a rectangular block 38 provided in the rectangular box 36, the rectangular block 38 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the rectangular box 36, the upper end of the rectangular block 38 is elastically connected with the inner top of the rectangular box 36 through a third spring 37, the lower end of the rectangular block 38 extends into a corresponding branch groove, the rectangular block 38 is made of iron metal, and meanwhile, the elastic coefficient of the third spring 37 is larger, so that when the rectangular block 38 is located on the right side, the electromagnet 17 is insufficient to attract the rectangular block 38 to move downward.
In this embodiment, when the rectangular box 36 rotates right above the electromagnet 17, at this time, due to the action of a suction force generated by the rectangular block 38 corresponding to the electromagnet 17, the rectangular block 38 moves downward after overcoming the tension of the third spring 37, so that the corresponding branch groove is blocked, and the rectangular block 38 located on the right side is not blocked by the corresponding branch groove because the rectangular block 38 located on the right side is less influenced by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 17, at this time, the gas entering the main groove only enters the bottom space of the corresponding placement box 18 through one branch groove, so that the gas entering the placement box 18 is more, the bubbles generated in the culture solution are more, and further, the corn seeds can be better floated, the condition that the corn seeds cannot be completely suspended due to excessive corn seed quantity and the excessive gas dispersion, so that the corn seeds germination rate is low is caused, is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, through the setting of separation subassembly for in the placing box 18 that carries out the culture solution mutagenesis can only be got into to the air current arrangement at every turn, thereby make the bubble that produces in placing box 18 more, make in the corn seed can all suspend in the culture solution, ensure the germination percentage of corn seed.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any person skilled in the art, based on the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, can be replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The cultivation method of the corn seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cleaning and sterilizing, namely cleaning corn seeds by using clear water, soaking the corn seeds by using a potassium permanganate solution, taking out, draining, soaking in warm water, taking out and airing;
s2, mutagenesis, namely placing the dried seeds into mutagenesis equipment for mutagenesis treatment, so as to obtain surviving seedlings;
s3, obtaining variant seeds, carrying out selfing by using the surviving seedlings, and threshing by using a single spike to obtain the variant seeds;
s4, drying and storing, namely coating the variant seeds by using a seed coating agent, drying the coated seeds until the moisture content of the seeds is about twenty percent, and storing;
the mutagenesis equipment used in the cultivation method comprises a box body (1), wherein a mutagenesis chamber (2) is arranged in the box body (1), ultraviolet lamps (4) and white light lamps (8) are arranged on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the mutagenesis chamber (2), a throwing mechanism is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber (2), and the throwing mechanism is used for throwing corn seeds so that batches of corn seeds can be uniformly contacted with ultraviolet rays, and the ultraviolet mutagenesis effect on the batches of corn seeds is improved;
the corn seed automatic mutagenesis device is characterized in that a switching component is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber (2), so that corn seeds subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis can be subjected to culture solution mutagenesis simultaneously, the switching component comprises a vertical rod (13) arranged at the inner bottom of the mutagenesis chamber (2), the vertical rod (13) is rotationally connected with the inner bottom of the mutagenesis chamber (2), the upper end of the vertical rod (13) is fixedly connected with a placement frame (21), the upper end of the placement frame (21) is fixedly connected with two placement boxes (18), a transverse cavity is arranged in the box (1), the lower end of the vertical rod (13) extends into the transverse cavity and is provided with a first gear (16), the transverse cavity is internally provided with a first rack (12) matched with the first gear (16), the left end of the first rack (12) extends to the outside and is fixedly connected with a pull ring (11), and a one-way bearing is arranged between the first gear (16) and the vertical rod (13);
the box body (1) is internally provided with a stirring assembly, the stirring assembly is used for blowing gas into the culture solution, and supplying oxygen to water on one hand, and simultaneously, batch corn seeds are turned in the placement box (18) so that the batch corn seeds can uniformly contact with the culture solution for germination;
the throwing mechanism comprises a driving motor (27) arranged on the front side of a box body (1), a vertical cavity (29) is arranged in the box body (1), the tail end of an output shaft of the driving motor (27) extends into the vertical cavity (29) and is fixedly connected with an incomplete gear (30), a connecting rod (6) is arranged in the vertical cavity (29), two ends of the connecting rod (5) are rotatably connected with the inner walls of the front side and the rear side of the vertical cavity (29), a second gear (28) matched with the incomplete gear (30) is arranged on the connecting rod (5), the rear end of the connecting rod (5) extends into a mutagenesis chamber (2) and is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the rear side of the mutagenesis chamber (2), the connecting rod (5) is elastically connected with the inner wall of the rear side of the mutagenesis chamber (2) through a torsion spring (26), a connecting rod (6) is arranged on the connecting rod (5), two ends of the connecting rod (6) are fixedly connected with a throwing spoon (7), a blanking member (9) is arranged in the mutagenesis chamber (2), the blanking member (9) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mutagenesis chamber (2), and the blanking member (2) is provided with an inner wall (22), and the blanking member (22) is fixedly communicated with an outer opening (22);
the driving assembly comprises a piston (32) arranged in a vertical cavity (29), the piston (32) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the vertical cavity (29), the upper end of the piston (32) is in elastic connection with the top space of the vertical cavity (29) through a second spring (31), the lower end of the piston (32) is fixedly connected with a second rack (33) matched with an incomplete gear (30), the lower end of the vertical rod (13) is provided with a rotary joint (15), the top space of the vertical cavity (29) is communicated with the outside through an air inlet pipe (34), the top space of the vertical cavity (29) is communicated with the lower end of the rotary joint (15) through an air outlet pipe (35), the upper ends of the rotary joint (15) are communicated with the bottom spaces of two placement boxes (18) through three-way grooves (14), the three-way grooves (14) are formed by a main groove and two branch grooves, and one-way valves are arranged on the two branch grooves of the three-way grooves (14) and the air inlet pipe (34);
the blocking assembly comprises a shrinkage groove (24) arranged on the inner wall of the right side of the blanking port (22), a baffle plate (23) is arranged in the shrinkage groove (24), the baffle plate (23) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the shrinkage groove (24), the right side of the baffle plate (23) is elastically connected with the inner wall of the right side of the shrinkage groove (24) through a first spring (25), guide wheels are respectively arranged at the inner bottom of the shrinkage groove (24) and the inner top of the transverse cavity, and pull ropes are fixedly connected to the right side of the baffle plate (23) and bypass the two guide wheels in sequence and are fixedly connected with the right side of the first rack (12);
when seed mutagenesis is carried out, the dried seeds are poured into the arc-shaped plate (9) through the adding port (3), the blanking port (22) is sealed by the baffle plate (23), corn seeds fall on the arc-shaped plate (9) at the moment, then the driving motor (27) is started, the driving motor (27) drives the incomplete gear (30) to rotate, when the incomplete gear (30) is meshed with the second gear (28), the incomplete gear (30) drives the rotating rod (5) to rotate through the second gear (28), so that the rotating rod (5) drives the connecting rod (6) to rotate anticlockwise for one hundred eighty degrees, the corn seeds at the bottom of the arc-shaped plate (9) are scooped up in the polishing spoon (7) by the polishing spoon (7), and when the incomplete gear (30) is not meshed with the second gear (28), the rotating rod (5) stops anticlockwise rotation, and then the corn seeds can fly upwards and fall on the arc-shaped plate (9) due to inertia;
when the incomplete gear (30) is not meshed with the second gear (28), the rotating rod (5) drives the throwing spoon (7) to rotate anticlockwise under the elastic action of the torsion spring (26), so that part of corn seeds are thrown again, the corn seeds are continuously thrown into the middle through the continuous rotation of the driving motor (27), and the ultraviolet lamp (4) is always in a bright state, so that ultraviolet rays can be uniformly irradiated to the corn seeds, and further batch ultraviolet mutagenesis treatment is carried out on the corn seeds, so that the condition that the ultraviolet mutagenesis effect of the corn seeds is low due to batch corn seed accumulation occurs;
when corn seeds are subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis for a period of time, the pull ring (11) is pulled at the moment, the first rack (12) moves leftwards, so that the vertical rods (13) are driven to rotate for one hundred eighty degrees, the positions of the two placing boxes (18) are interchanged, meanwhile, the first rack (12) moves rightwards to tension the pull rope firstly, when the pull rope is tensioned, the placing boxes (18) just rotate to the position below the blanking opening (22), the baffle (23) moves rightwards after the placing boxes (18) are tensioned due to the fact that the placing boxes (18) have a certain width, so that the blanking opening (22) is opened, at the moment, seeds subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis fall into the placing boxes (18), and under the action of the white light lamp (8), the corn seeds are subjected to culture solution mutagenesis treatment, and meanwhile corn seed germination is promoted;
when the seeds subjected to ultraviolet mutagenesis fall into the placement box (18), the pull ring (11) is pushed inwards at the moment, so that the first rack (12) moves rightwards, the vertical rod (13) cannot rotate due to the arrangement of the one-way bearing, meanwhile, after the pull rope is loosened, the baffle (23) moves leftwards under the elastic action of the first spring (25), the blanking port (22) is sealed again, and at the moment, the seeds are added into the mutagenesis chamber (2) to carry out ultraviolet mutagenesis treatment on corn seeds of the second batch;
in the process of carrying out mutagenesis treatment on the second batch of seeds, the piston (32) continuously moves up and down under the elastic action of the second spring (31) due to the intermittent meshing and non-meshing states of the incomplete gear (30) and the second rack (33); the piston (32) moves downwards and can make vertical cavity (29) headspace increase, atmospheric pressure reduces, at this moment under atmospheric pressure's effect, inhale external gas to the headspace in vertical cavity (29), when piston (32) moves upwards, can make the headspace in vertical cavity (29) reduce this moment, the atmospheric pressure increases, thereby make gas enter into two and place in box (18) through outlet duct (35), tee bend groove (14), rethread a plurality of gas ports (20) form the bubble in the culture solution, and then make the bubble hold up maize seed upwards, make maize seed continuous suspend in the culture solution, thereby make every maize seed all can be even accept illumination and carry out the culture solution mutagenesis, promote seed batch mutagenesis's effect, also avoid the seed to pile up each other simultaneously and lead to the difficult circumstances of sprouting to appear, annotate oxygen in the culture solution simultaneously, ensure that the oxygen is sufficient when seed breathes.
2. A method of cultivating corn seeds as in claim 1, wherein: the two placing boxes (18) are internally provided with sliding blocks (19), the sliding blocks (19) are in sliding connection with the inner walls of the placing boxes (18), and the placing boxes (18) are provided with a plurality of air ports (20).
3. A method of cultivating corn seeds as in claim 2, wherein: the magnetic induction type box is characterized in that the sliding block (19) is magnetic, the upper end of the sliding block (19) is an inclined plane, an electromagnet (17) is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the mutagenesis chamber (2), a discharge hole is formed in the inner wall of the left side of the mutagenesis chamber (2), and the left side of the box body (1) is fixedly connected with a placement table (10).
4. A method of cultivating corn seeds as in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of rack (21) is equipped with two rectangle boxes (36), two all be equipped with separation subassembly in rectangle box (36), separation subassembly is including setting up rectangle piece (38) in rectangle box (36), the inner wall sliding connection of rectangle piece (38) and rectangle box (36), the upper end of rectangle piece (38) and the interior top of rectangle box (36) are through third spring (37) elastic connection, the lower extreme of rectangle piece (38) extends to in the corresponding a groove.
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| US10595479B2 (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2020-03-24 | Purdue Research Foundation | Induced mutagenesis |
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| CN105210862A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of plant seed method of mutagenesis and device |
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