CN115160254A - 一种具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针及其制备和应用,该荧光探针的制备方法为:将甲氧基甲基醚‑2′‑羟基‑1,1′‑联萘‑3‑单醛基与2‑溴苯丙噻唑在碱的存在下发生亲核取代反应,所得中间产物在酸的存在下脱去甲氧基甲基醚保护基即得。本发明提供的具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针能够实现对多种手性氨基酸的对映选择性荧光识别,而且原料易得、合成简单,在手性识别领域具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于手性荧光探针技术领域,具体涉及一种具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针和其制备方法,以及其在对手性氨基酸的对映选择性荧光识别中的应用。
背景技术
手性是自然界的基本属性,在自然界中广泛存在,如蛋白质,多糖,酶等都具有手性。生命活动中发生的各种生物、化学反应过程均与手性识别和变化密切相关。因此设计和合成具有对映选择性识别和传感性能的主体分子,并将其用于手性化合物手性组成的快速分析具有重要的研究意义。
相比其他识别方法,荧光识别由于具有高灵敏性、多重信号模式、背景零干扰、实时性、仪器方便易得等优点,利用荧光法来识别手性分子得到极大的关注。
苯并噻唑骨架在分子探针领域极具吸引力的骨架之一,在化学和生物传感方面得到了广泛的应用,如对胺类气体的识别。但是目前还没有报道将其应用于对手性分子的荧光识别。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针,该探针能够实现对多种手性氨基酸的对映选择性荧光识别,且其对氨基酸的识别具有普适性。
本发明的技术方案具体如下:
一种具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针,其结构式如下所示:
本发明进一步提供了制备上述手性荧光探针的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基与2-溴苯丙噻唑在碱的存在下反应得到中间产物;
S2、中间产物和酸反应得到手性荧光探针。
优选地,步骤S1中2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基、2-溴苯丙噻唑和碱的摩尔比为0.8~1.5:1.0~1.5:1.0~3.0。其中,无机碱包括但不限于氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾和碳酸铯等。
优选地,步骤S1具体为:在惰性气体(如氩气)条件下,先将2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基和碱加入反应溶剂中预反应一段时间,再加入2-溴苯丙噻唑进行反应;所得反应液倒入冰水中,然后加入萃取溶剂萃取,去溶剂后经柱层析纯化得到中间产物(其结构式见图1中(S)-3)。该步骤中的反应溶剂包括但不限于二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、吡啶、乙腈、丙酮等,萃取溶剂包括但不限于二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、石油醚、异丙醇等。
更加优选地,步骤S1中的预反应可以在室温(如15~30℃)环境中进行,加入2-溴苯丙噻唑后,利用油浴对反应体系进行加热,其中油浴温度可调节至25~100℃,反应时间看具体反应进程,一般在2~24h内。
优选地,步骤S2内的中间产物和酸的摩尔比为1.0~1.5:10~30。其中,酸包括但不限于稀盐酸、稀硫酸、醋酸和稀硝酸等。
优选地,步骤S2具体为:在惰性气体(如氩气)条件下,将中间产物溶解于反应溶剂中,再加入酸进行反应(室温环境,如15~30℃);待反应结束后,中和掉反应液中剩余的酸,对产物提纯即得手性荧光探针。步骤S2中的反应溶剂包括但不限于二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳等。
更加优选地,步骤S2中的提纯方法具体为:先对产物水洗,再采用萃取溶剂萃取,除去溶剂后进行重结晶。其中萃取溶剂包括但不限于二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、石油醚等。
本发明提供的手性荧光探针可用于氨基酸的对映选择性荧光识别,具体识别方法为:将手性荧光探针、缓冲溶液、金属离子、手性分子(即氨基酸)以及有机溶剂混合,测定该混合体系的荧光响应值,并据此判断待测手性分子的构型。
优选地,氨基酸为丙氨酸、缬氨酸、组氨酸、苏氨酸、天冬酰胺或精氨酸。
优选地,有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,缓冲液为HEPES缓冲液,金属离子为锌离子。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明的手性荧光探针能在有机溶剂中实现多种手性氨基酸的荧光识别,对氨基酸的识别具有普适性,而且该手性荧光探针的制备工艺简单、原料易得,故其在手性胺识别领域具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备手性荧光探针的工艺流程图;
图2为本发明制备的手性荧光探针的1H NMR谱图;
图3为本发明制备的手性荧光探针的13C NMR谱图;
图4为本发明制备的手性荧光探针的质谱谱图;
图5为本发明提供的手性荧光探针在97.5%DMF/H2O体系中对L-/D-丙氨酸的荧光响应情况分析图;
图6为本发明提供的手性荧光探针在97.5%DMF/H2O体系中对L-/D-缬氨酸的荧光响应情况分析图;
图7为本发明提供的手性荧光探针在97.5%DMF/H2O体系中对L-/D-组氨酸的荧光响应情况分析图;
图8为本发明提供的手性荧光探针在97.5%DMF/H2O体系中对L-/D-苏氨酸的荧光响应情况分析图;
图9为本发明提供的手性荧光探针在97.5%DMF/H2O体系中对L-/D-精氨酸的荧光响应情况分析图;
图10为本发明提供的手性荧光探针在97.5%DMF/H2O体系中对L-/D-天冬酰胺的荧光响应情况分析图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合具体实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
实施例1
本实施例制备了具有苯并噻唑基团的手性荧光探针,其过程如图1所示,具体为:
在氩气保护下,将2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基(即图1中的(S)-1)和氢氧化钾搅拌溶解于二甲亚砜中,之后加入2-溴苯丙噻唑(即图1中的化合物2)(S)-1、2-溴苯丙噻唑与氢氧化钾的摩尔比为1:1:1.5;利用油浴条件加热至25℃,反应6h后停止加热,待反应液冷却至室温后,将反应液倒入冰水中,加入二氯甲烷萃取,然后利用旋转蒸发仪去除溶剂,再经柱层析提纯得到黄色固体状的中间产物(即图1中的(S)-3)。
将中间产物溶于二氯甲烷中,然后加入三氟乙酸,二者的摩尔比为1:10;在氩气保护下,在常温下进行反应2h。随后中和多余的酸,经过水洗,二氯甲烷萃取后,经减压蒸馏除去溶剂,最后经重结晶得到终产物。
对该终产物的结构进行分析,具体见图2~4,其表征数据如下:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.35(s,1H),10.26(s,1H),8.64(s,1H),8.26-8.24(d,J=9.04Hz,1H),8.15-8.13(d,J=8.28Hz,1H),8.07-8.06(d,J=7.28Hz,1H),7.86-7.84(d,J=9.00Hz,1H),7.78-7.76(d,J=7.84Hz,1H),7.60-7.48(d,J=7.68Hz,1H),7.46-7.44(d,J=8.04Hz,1H),7.44-7.40(m,1H),7.35-7.32(m,3H),7.25-7.21(m,1H),7.19-7.17(d,J=8.48Hz,1H),7.08-7.06(d,J=9.44Hz,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ197.28,171.53,153.54,151.00,148.69,138.06,136.81,133.43,132.26,132.14,130.90,130.56,130.54,128.92,127.78,127.47,126.76,126.59,125.89,124.87,124.72,124.52,123.31,122.98,122.46,121.49,121.39,115.75;HRMS(ESI):Calculated for C28H17NO3S([M+H]+):m/z 448.0929,found:448.1013。故所得终产物的结构式具体如图1中(S)-4所示。
实施例2
本实施例的制备过程具体为:
在氩气保护下,将2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基和氢氧化钾搅拌溶解于乙腈和二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液中,之后加入2-溴苯并噻唑,(S)-1、2-溴苯丙噻唑与氢氧化钾的摩尔比为1:1.2:1.5;利用油浴条件加热至100℃,反应24h后停止加热,待反应液冷却至室温后,将反应液倒入冰水中,加入石油醚和异丙醇的混合液(10:1,v/v)进行萃取,然后利用旋转蒸发仪去除有机溶剂,然后经柱层析提纯得到黄色固体状的中间产物。
将中间产物溶于三氯甲烷中,然后加入稀盐酸和稀醋酸的混合液,中间产物与酸的摩尔比为1:10;在氩气保护下,在常温下进行反应8h。随后用中和多余的酸,经过水洗,乙酸乙酯萃取后,经减压蒸馏除去溶剂,最后经重结晶得到终产物。
实施例3
本实施例的制备过程具体为:
在氩气保护下,将2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基和碳酸铯搅拌溶解于吡啶和丙酮中混合,之后加入2-溴苯并噻唑,(S)-1、2-溴苯丙噻唑与氢氧化钾的摩尔比为1:1:2;利用油浴条件加热至55℃,反应18h后停止加热,待反应液冷却至室温后,将反应液倒入冰水中,加入乙酸乙酯萃取,然后利用旋转蒸发仪去除有机溶剂,然后经柱层析提纯得到黄色固体状的中间产物。
将中间产物溶于四氯化碳中,然后加入稀硫酸和稀硝酸混合液,中间产物与酸的摩尔比为1:15;在氩气保护下,在常温下进行反应5h。随后中和多余的酸,经过水洗,石油醚萃取后,经减压蒸馏除去溶剂,最后经重结晶得到终产物。
实施例4
将实施例1制得的手性荧光探针溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中得到探针溶液,然后吸取50μL加到玻璃试管中,加入250μL的DMF稀释,再加入2倍摩尔比的的锌离子和丙氨酸,静置3h后再加入DMF使得测试体系的体积为4mL(该体系中探针浓度为0.025mmol/L,DMF与H2O的体积比为39:1,故将该体系记为97.5%DMF/H2O体系)。1.5h后测荧光强度变化情况,结果如图5所示:手性荧光探针对于不同构型的丙氨酸的荧光强度差别较大,有很好的对映选择性,ef值约为5.75。
实施例5~9
与实施例2不同的是,这些实施例中的氨基酸不同,具体如下表所示:
实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 |
缬氨酸 | 组氨酸 | 苏氨酸 | 精氨酸 | 天冬酰胺 |
上述实施例的其检测结果如图6~10所示:手性荧光探针对于不同构型的缬氨酸、组氨酸、苏氨酸、天冬酰胺、精氨酸的荧光强度差别较大,有较好的对映选择性。
本发明所列举的各原料,以及本发明各原料的上下限、区间取值,以及工艺参数的上下限、区间取值都能实现本发明,在此不一一列举实施例。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
2.一种制备权利要求1所述手性荧光探针的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基与2-溴苯丙噻唑在无机碱的存在下反应得到中间产物;
S2、中间产物和酸反应得到手性荧光探针。
3.根据权利要求2所述制备手性荧光探针的方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中所述2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基、2-溴苯丙噻唑和碱的摩尔比为0.8~1.5:1.0~1.5:1.0~3.0。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述制备手性荧光探针的方法,其特征在于,步骤S1具体为:在惰性气体条件下,先将2-甲氧基甲基醚-2′-羟基-1,1′-联萘-3-单醛基和碱加入反应溶剂中,再加入2-溴苯丙噻唑进行反应;所得反应液与冰水混合,再用萃取溶剂萃取,去除溶剂后经柱层析纯化得到中间产物。
5.根据权利要求2所述制备手性荧光探针的方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述中间产物和酸的摩尔比为1.0~1.5:10~30。
6.根据权利要求2或5所述制备手性荧光探针的方法,其特征在于,步骤S2具体为:在惰性气体条件下,将中间产物溶解于反应溶剂中,再加入酸进行反应脱去甲氧基甲基醚保护基;待反应结束后,中和掉反应液中剩余的酸,对产物提纯即得手性荧光探针。
7.如权利要求1所述手性荧光探针在手性氨基酸的对映选择性荧光识别中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述手性氨基酸为丙氨酸、缬氨酸、组氨酸、苏氨酸、天冬酰胺或精氨酸。
9.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,将手性荧光探针、缓冲溶液、金属离子、氨基酸以及有机溶剂混合为检测体系,测定该体系的荧光响应值并据此判断氨基酸的构型。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,所述缓冲液为HEPES缓冲液,所述金属离子为锌离子。
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