CN115152416A

CN115152416A - Board-like stem header of drawing by force of maize machine

Info

Publication number: CN115152416A
Application number: CN202110363394.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘鹏; 李健; 徐恒民; 张小伟
Original assignee: Shandong Golddafeng Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Golddafeng Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-02
Filing date: 2021-04-02
Publication date: 2022-10-11

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of harvesters, in particular to a plate-type forced stem-pulling header of a corn harvester. The ear picking device comprises an ear picking frame, ear separating boxes and a driving gear box, wherein the ear separating boxes and the driving gear box are arranged on the left side and the right side in front of the ear picking frame; the driving gear box is provided with a driving sprocket, the ear separating box comprises an ear separating plate, the front side and the rear side of the ear separating plate are respectively provided with a driven sprocket and a transmission sprocket, the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket and the transmission sprocket are connected through an ear shifting chain, and the ear shifting chain is provided with a plurality of guide blades which are uniformly distributed. The smooth leading-in and stem-pulling without blockage is realized; the method can adapt to quick harvest; the stalk pulling speed is high, and the ear picking effect is good; the forced feeding is more suitable for harvesting lodging corns, and the harvesting efficiency is high.

Description

Board-like stalk header of forcing of maize machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of harvesters, in particular to a plate-type forced stem-pulling header of a corn harvester.

Background

The ear picking device of the current corn harvester mainly has two types: one is a roller type ear picking device, and the other is a plate type ear picking device.

The roller-type ear picking device is composed of a pair of reducing rollers, wherein raised thread edges are wound on the rollers, and diameter (corn straw) pulling and ear picking operations are completed when the pair of reducing rollers rotate relatively inwards. The ear picking can peel off part of the fruit skin at the same time, thereby reducing the difficulty of peeling the fruit ear. However, because the ears are easily bitten when they contact the raised edges on the rolls, the biting phenomenon is more severe especially when the moisture content is high after the corn is ripe.

Therefore, a plate-type ear picking device is mostly adopted at present, the plate-type ear picking device is characterized in that a pair of ear picking plates are covered on a pair of reducing rollers, the reducing rollers finish reducing operation, the ear picking plates finish ear picking operation, and ears are protected by the ear picking plates in the ear picking process and are not contacted with the reducing rollers, so that the phenomenon of bite is basically avoided.

However, the ears and the reducing rollers are completely separated by the ear picking plates, so that the fruit skin of the ears is complete without peeling, the ear peeling difficulty is increased, the two ear picking plates are compressed and bent in the stem pulling rollers in the radial direction, corn straws are easily cut off, and the probability of straw blockage on the header is increased. In a word, the plate-type ear picking header of the corn harvester has the defects of high loss rate and stem breaking rate, large damage to grains, poor ear picking effect and the like. Moreover, the plate-type ear picking header of the corn harvester in the prior art is difficult to realize seedling turning when the corn harvester encounters lodging corn straws.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a plate-type forced stem-pulling cutting table of a corn machine.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a plate-type forced stem-drawing header of a corn harvester comprises an ear picking frame, ear separating boxes and a driving gear box, wherein the ear separating boxes and the driving gear box are arranged on the left side and the right side in front of the ear picking frame;

the ear-picking machine is characterized in that a driving chain wheel is arranged on the driving gear box, the ear-picking box comprises an ear-picking plate, a driven chain wheel and a transmission chain wheel are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the ear-picking plate respectively, the driving chain wheel, the driven chain wheel and the transmission chain wheel are connected through an ear-picking chain, and a plurality of guide blades which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the ear-picking chain.

Furthermore, divide and be provided with on the ear of grain frame and be used for buffer module, buffer module includes the telescopic link, cup joints the spring in the telescopic link outside and is used for the stopper of fixed gag lever post, stopper fixed connection is on dividing the ear of grain frame, the telescopic link both ends are connected with driven sprocket and stopper respectively.

Furthermore, a plurality of saw tooth racks which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the circumferential direction of the reducing roller body. The smooth and non-blocking of leading-in and stem pulling is realized; the method can adapt to quick harvest; the stalk pulling speed is high, and the ear picking effect is good; the forced feeding is more suitable for harvesting lodging corns, and the harvesting efficiency is high.

Further, the material of the sawtooth rack is 16Mn.

Furthermore, the sawtooth racks are welded on the pipe body of the reducing roller.

Furthermore, a fixing device is arranged between the ear separating box and the ear picking frame and comprises a fixing bolt and a nut which are used for connecting the ear separating frame and the ear picking frame, a gasket is arranged between the fixing bolt and the nut, a damping spring piece is arranged below the gasket and is in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', and the spring damping piece is in contact connection with the outer side of the ear picking frame.

At this time, the included angle between the two ear splitting boxes is fixed to be 42 degrees.

Furthermore, a hinge pin is arranged on the ear separating frame, a hinge seat is arranged on the ear picking frame, the hinge pin and the hinge seat are not shown in the drawing, the skilled person can select the ear separating frame according to the prior art, a rotating device is arranged between the ear separating box and the ear picking frame, the rotating device comprises a driving gear coaxially arranged with the driven sprocket, a driven gear meshed with the driving gear, a forward bevel gear coaxial with the driven gear and a reverse bevel gear coaxial with the forward bevel gear but not coaxial with the forward bevel gear, a reversing gear frame is arranged on the ear separating box, the reversing bevel gear is respectively meshed with the forward bevel gear and the reverse bevel gear, a driving inner shaft and a driven outer shaft sleeved with the driving inner shaft are further arranged on the ear separating box, an electromagnetic push rod and a double-sided bevel gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the driving inner shaft, a driving belt pulley is arranged on the driven outer shaft, a circular arc-shaped turning tooth is arranged on one side of the ear separating box close to the ear picking frame, a driven belt pulley and a turning gear are arranged coaxially arranged on the ear picking frame, the driving belt pulley is connected with the driven belt pulley, and a protective shell is arranged on the outer side of the rotating device. The protective shell can prevent the rotating device from being affected by the external environment, and the mechanical jamming caused by foreign matters is avoided.

At the moment, the included angle between the two spike separating boxes can be adjusted, and the value range of the included angle is 42-60 degrees.

When the electromagnetic push rod is positioned at a balance position, the double-sided bevel gear is not meshed with any one of the forward bevel gear and the reverse bevel gear, namely, the included angle between the two spike separating boxes cannot be adjusted through the steering gear;

the driven chain wheel rotates to drive the driving gear to rotate so as to drive the driven gear to rotate, meanwhile, the forward bevel gear rotates, the reverse bevel gear and the forward bevel gear rotate in the reverse direction under the action of the reverse rotating gear, when the electromagnetic push rod moves downwards, the double-sided bevel gear is meshed with the forward bevel gear, the driving inner shaft drives the driven outer shaft to rotate so as to drive the driving belt pulley and the driven belt pulley to rotate, the rotation of the driving steering gear is realized, and finally, the adjustment of the angle of the split ear box is realized; and in the same reason, when the electromagnetic push rod moves upwards, the double-sided bevel gear is meshed with the reverse bevel gear, and finally the opposite angle regulation trend is realized when the double-sided bevel gear is meshed with the forward bevel gear.

Furthermore, a mowing knife and a grass removing plate are arranged on the ear picking frame and are respectively positioned right below the front end and the rear end of the reducing roller pipe body.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the plate-type forced stem-pulling cutting table of the corn harvester provided by the invention realizes smooth leading-in and stem-pulling without blockage, and is suitable for quick harvesting; the lodging corn stalks can be picked up and pushed into the space between the ear picking plates of the header, the harvesting of the lodging corn is realized, the working efficiency and the working quality of the harvesting are improved, and the using effect of the lodging field seedling turning field is very good; three sawtooth-shaped racks are uniformly welded on three edge plates of the stalk-pulling roller body, and perfect and firm welding realizes forced stalk pulling. The smooth ear picking by the ear picking plate is ensured, the broken stalks are few, the bars are not broken and cut, the ear picking is soft, and the grains are not dropped; the arrangement of the steering device enables the seedling separating box to harvest corns with different planting widths, the adaptability is stronger, and the harvesting effect is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a reducing roll of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a drive gear box and a reducing roll;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a corn harvesting state;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a spike splitting box in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of a spike splitting box in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic top view of the spike splitting box in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The corn harvester comprises a corn picking frame 1, a corn picking frame 2, a driving gear box 3, a corn separating box 4, a fixing device 5, a reducing roller 6, a rotating device 101, a side baffle 102, a corn picking plate 201, a driving sprocket 301, a corn separating plate 302, a driven sprocket 303, a telescopic rod 304, a driving sprocket 305, a spring 306, a limiting block 307, a mowing knife 308, a weed picking plate 309, a steering gear 401, a fixing bolt 402, a nut 403, a gasket 404, a damping spring leaf 501, a reducing roller body 502, a sawtooth rack 503, a reducing roller shaft head 504, a lead-in cone 601, a driving gear 602, a driven gear 603, a forward bevel gear 604, a reverse bevel gear 605, a reversing bevel gear 606, a double-faced bevel gear 607, a driving gear carrier pulley 608, a driven pulley 609, a steering gear 610, a driving gear, an inner shaft 611 and a reversing.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, technical features, objects and technical effects of the present invention easily understandable, the present invention is further described below with reference to the specific drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-9, the plate-type forced stalk-pulling header of a corn harvester provided by the present invention comprises an ear picking frame 1, ear separating boxes 3 and a driving gear box 2, wherein the ear separating boxes 3 and the driving gear box 2 are arranged on the left and right sides in front of the ear picking frame 1, the ear picking frame 1 is symmetrically provided with side baffles 101, a reducing roll 5 is symmetrically arranged between the side baffles 101, the reducing roll 5 comprises a reducing roll pipe body 501, a lead-in cone 504 and a reducing roll shaft head 503, the lead-in cone 504 and the reducing roll shaft head 503 are respectively located at the front end and the rear end of the reducing roll pipe body 501, and the reducing roll shaft head 503 is connected with the driving gear box 2;

the ear-picking machine is characterized in that a driving chain wheel 201 is arranged on the driving gear box 2, the ear-picking box 3 comprises an ear-picking plate 301, a driven chain wheel 302 and a transmission chain wheel 304 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the ear-picking plate 301 respectively, the driving chain wheel 201, the driven chain wheel 302 and the transmission chain wheel 304 are connected through an ear-picking chain, and a plurality of guide blades which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the ear-picking chain. The spike pulling chain is not shown in the figure, and those skilled in the art can adopt the prior art.

In this embodiment, it is used for the buffering module to be provided with on the branch ear of grain frame, the buffering module includes telescopic link 303, cup joints spring 305 in the telescopic link 303 outside and the stopper 306 that is used for fixed gag lever post, stopper 306 fixed connection is on dividing the ear of grain frame, telescopic link 303 both ends are connected with driven sprocket 302 and stopper 306 respectively.

In this embodiment, the reducing roll pipe 501 is provided with a plurality of saw tooth racks 502 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The smooth and non-blocking of leading-in and stem pulling is realized; the method can adapt to quick harvest; the stalk pulling speed is high, and the ear picking effect is good; the forced feeding is more suitable for harvesting lodging corns, and the harvesting efficiency is high.

In this embodiment, the material of the sawtooth rack 502 is 16Mn.

In this embodiment, the sawtooth racks 502 are welded to the reducing roll body 501.

In this embodiment, a fixing device 4 is arranged between the ear separating box 3 and the ear picking frame 1, the fixing device 4 includes a fixing bolt 401 and a nut 402 for connecting the ear separating frame and the ear picking frame 1, a spacer 403 is arranged between the fixing bolt 401 and the nut 402, a damping spring piece 404 is arranged below the spacer 403, the damping spring piece 404 is in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', and the damping piece of the spring 305 is in contact connection with the outer side of the ear picking frame 1.

At this time, the angle between the two ear boxes 3 is fixed at 42 °.

Further, a mowing knife 307 and a grass picking plate 308 are arranged on the snapping frame 1, and the mowing knife 307 and the grass picking plate 308 are respectively positioned right below the front end and the rear end of the reducing roller pipe body 501. The grass cutting blade 307 and grass-mowing plate 308 are provided for the purpose of removing weeds during harvesting, and the prior art can be adopted.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 10 to 12, different from embodiment 1, a hinge pin is provided on the ear splitting frame, a hinge seat is provided on the ear picking frame 1, the hinge pin and the hinge seat are not shown in the drawings, and those skilled in the art can select them according to the prior art, a rotating device 6 is provided between the ear splitting box 3 and the ear picking frame 1, the rotating device 6 includes a driving gear 601 coaxially provided with the driven sprocket 302, a driven gear 602 engaged with the driving gear 601, a forward bevel gear 603 coaxial with the driven gear 602, and a reverse bevel gear 604 coaxial with but not coaxial with the forward bevel gear 603, a reversing gear carrier 611 is provided on the ear splitting box 3, a reversing bevel gear 605 is provided on the reversing bevel gear 611, the reversing bevel gear 605 is respectively engaged with the forward bevel gear 603 and the reverse bevel gear 604, an inner driving shaft 610 and an outer driven shaft sleeved with the inner driving shaft 610 are further provided on the ear splitting box 3, an electromagnetic push rod and a double-sided bevel gear 606 are provided on both ends of the driving shaft, a driving pulley 607 is provided on the outer shaft, a side of the ear splitting box 3 close to the ear picking frame 1 is in a circular arc shape and is provided with a tooth 309, a steering belt 609, and a steering gear 609 is provided on the outer side of the ear picking frame, and a steering gear is connected with a steering gear housing through a steering gear 607, and a steering gear 609, and a steering gear housing is provided with a steering gear housing 607. The protective shell can prevent the rotating device from being influenced by the external environment, and the phenomenon of mechanical clamping caused by foreign matters is avoided.

At the moment, the included angle between the two spike separating boxes 3 can be adjusted, and the value range of the included angle is 42-60 degrees.

When the electromagnetic push rod is located at the balance position, the double-sided bevel gear 606 is not meshed with any one of the forward bevel gear 603 and the reverse bevel gear 604, namely the included angle between the two spike boxes 3 cannot be adjusted through the steering gear 609;

the driven chain wheel 302 rotates to drive the driving gear 601 to rotate, further, the driven gear 602 is driven to rotate, meanwhile, the forward bevel gear 603 rotates, under the action of the reverse rotation gear, the reverse bevel gear 604 and the forward bevel gear 603 rotate in the reverse direction, when the electromagnetic push rod moves downwards, the double-sided bevel gear 606 is meshed with the forward bevel gear 603, the driving inner shaft 610 drives the driven outer shaft to rotate, further, the driving belt pulley 607 and the driven belt pulley 608 are driven to rotate, the rotation of the driving steering gear 609 is realized, and finally, the adjustment of the angle of the spike splitting box 3 is realized; similarly, when the electromagnetic push rod moves upwards, the double-sided bevel gear 606 is meshed with the reverse bevel gear 604, and finally the opposite angle adjusting trend is achieved when the double-sided bevel gear is meshed with the forward bevel gear 603.

The working principle is as follows: when the corn harvester walks along the rows, the ear-separating box 3 guides corn plants to the ear-picking frame 1, when the driving gear box 2 drives the stem-pulling rollers to rotate, the pair of stem-pulling rollers rotate relatively, and the double-helix guide cone at the front end guides the stems into the ear-picking frame. The corn stalk is clamped by the sawtooth racks 502 which rotate relatively and is pulled downwards, and the corn stalk is clamped by the smallest gap between the racks to realize forced stalk pulling. The corn stalks are clamped, pulled downwards and guided into the stem pulling roller gap through the sawtooth racks 502 on the stem pulling roller body, and move backwards under the action of the ear poking chain, meanwhile, the left and right stem pulling rollers rotate reversely, the clamping stalks move downwards, so that the whole corn plant passes through the gap between the two ear picking plates 102, and the ears are picked off; the picked fruit ears are sent into a cutting table auger by an ear poking chain.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the claims of the present invention should fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a stem header is drawn in plate-type force of maize machine which characterized in that: the ear picking device comprises an ear picking frame, ear separating boxes and a driving gear box, wherein the ear separating boxes and the driving gear box are arranged on the left side and the right side in front of the ear picking frame;

the driving gear box is provided with a driving sprocket, the ear separating box comprises an ear separating plate, the front side and the rear side of the ear separating plate are respectively provided with a driven sprocket and a transmission sprocket, the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket and the transmission sprocket are connected through an ear poking chain, and the ear poking chain is provided with a plurality of guide blades which are uniformly distributed;

the ear picking device is characterized in that a fixing device is arranged between the ear separating box and the ear picking frame and comprises a fixing bolt and a nut which are used for connecting the ear separating frame and the ear picking frame, a gasket is arranged between the fixing bolt and the nut, a damping spring piece is arranged below the gasket and is in a shape like a Chinese character ji, and the spring damping piece is in contact connection with the outer side of the ear picking frame.

2. A corn plate type forced stem-pulling header according to claim 1, wherein: divide and be provided with on the ear of grain frame and be used for buffer module, buffer module includes the telescopic link, cup joints the spring in the telescopic link outside and is used for the stopper of fixed gag lever post, stopper fixed connection divides on the ear of grain frame, the telescopic link both ends are connected with driven sprocket and stopper respectively.

3. A corn plate type forced stem-pulling header according to claim 2, wherein: and a plurality of saw-tooth racks which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the circumferential direction of the reducing roller body.

4. A corn plate type forced stalk-pulling header as defined in claim 3 wherein: the material of the sawtooth rack is 16Mn.

5. A corn plate type forced stalk-pulling header according to claim 4, wherein: the sawtooth racks are welded on the pipe body of the reducing roller.

6. A corn plate type forced stem-pulling header according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the two ear separating boxes is 42 degrees.

7. A corn plate type forced stem-pulling header according to claim 5, wherein: the ear separating frame is provided with a hinge pin, the ear picking frame is provided with a hinge seat, a rotating device is arranged between the ear separating box and the ear picking frame and comprises a driving gear coaxially arranged with a driven chain wheel, a driven gear meshed with the driving gear, a forward bevel gear coaxial with the driven gear and a reverse bevel gear coaxial with the forward bevel gear but not coaxial with the forward bevel gear, the ear separating box is provided with a reversing gear frame, the reversing bevel gear frame is provided with a reversing bevel gear, the reversing bevel gear is respectively meshed with the forward bevel gear and the reverse bevel gear, the ear separating box is further provided with a driving inner shaft and a driven outer shaft sleeved with the driving inner shaft, two ends of the driving inner shaft are respectively provided with an electromagnetic push rod and a double-sided bevel gear, the driven outer shaft is provided with a driving belt pulley, one side of the ear separating box close to the ear picking frame is arc-shaped and is provided with steering teeth, the ear picking frame is provided with a driven belt pulley and a steering gear which are coaxially arranged, the driving pulley is connected with a driven belt, the steering gear is meshed with the steering teeth, and a protective shell is arranged outside the rotating device.

8. A corn plate type forced stem-pulling header according to claim 7, wherein: the included angle between the two ear separating boxes ranges from 42 degrees to 60 degrees.

9. A corn plate type forced stem-pulling header according to any one of claims 1 or 7, wherein: the ear picking frame is provided with a mowing knife and a grass picking plate which are respectively positioned under the front end and the rear end of the reducing roller body.