CN115176586A

CN115176586A - Double-header crop harvester

Info

Publication number: CN115176586A
Application number: CN202110362071.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭和甲; 韩涛; 刘鹏; 马超; 刘通
Original assignee: Shandong Golddafeng Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Golddafeng Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-02
Filing date: 2021-04-02
Publication date: 2022-10-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of harvesters, in particular to a crop harvester with double cutting tables. The double-header harvester comprises a harvester body, double headers and an elevating mechanism arranged between the harvester body and the double headers, a transverse moving mechanism is arranged between the elevating mechanism and the harvester body and comprises a fixed frame fixedly connected to the harvester body, supporting plates are arranged on two sides of the fixed frame, a driving gear is arranged on one side of one of the supporting plates, a lead screw is arranged between the supporting plates on two sides of the fixed frame, one end of the lead screw is provided with a driven gear, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, a limiting rod is arranged in the center of the fixed plate, a transverse moving frame is connected to the limiting rod in a sliding mode, a screw hole matched with the lead screw is formed in the transverse moving frame, and a mounting plate used for mounting the elevating mechanism is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the fixed frame, of the transverse moving frame. Realized keeping away from the irrigation canal and still can reaping its marginal crops to the lateral shifting mechanism can realize certain around a function to the lateral shifting of two headers.

Description

Double-header crop harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of harvesters, in particular to a crop harvester with double cutting tables.

Background

In the harvesting process of crops such as corn and the like, common harvesting equipment is used for separately harvesting corn ears or corn stalks. However, if the corn is used as the feed for cattle and sheep, the corn ears and the corn stalks are mixed together for harvesting by a common harvesting machine, which causes certain waste; moreover, the harvester in the prior art can only harvest land with fixed width, which often results in a long strip of crops to be harvested after the whole land is harvested. The long-strip crop only needs to be harvested by the harvester for one time, the irrigation channel or the main channel is usually arranged on one side of the long-strip crop, and the irrigation channel or the main channel can be damaged by directly opening the harvester due to the fact that the self weight of the harvester is not light, so that the irrigation channel or the main channel can be blocked seriously, and later-period irrigation is influenced.

Therefore, there is a need for an improvement to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art by providing a dual header crop harvester that can simultaneously harvest both ears and stalks without mixing and without damaging the irrigation channel.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present invention provides a double header crop harvester.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a double-header crop harvester comprises a harvester body, double headers and a lifting mechanism arranged between the harvester body and the double headers, wherein the double headers comprise an upper header and a lower header, the upper header comprises an upper header rack, and a cluster picking mechanism and a cluster conveying mechanism which are arranged on the upper header rack, and the lower header comprises a lower header rack, and a stem cutting mechanism and a stem conveying device which are arranged on the lower header rack;

be provided with sideslip mechanism between elevating system and the harvester body, sideslip mechanism includes the mount of fixed connection on the harvester body, the mount both sides are provided with the backup pad, and one of them backup pad one side is provided with first driving gear, is located to be provided with the lead screw between the backup pad of mount both sides, lead screw one end is provided with first driven gear, first driving gear and the meshing of first driven gear, the positive gag lever post that is provided with of fixed plate, sliding connection has the sideslip frame on the gag lever post, be provided with on the sideslip frame with lead screw assorted silk hole, the one end fixedly connected with that the mount was kept away from to the sideslip frame is used for installing elevating system's mounting panel.

Further, slip spacing groove has all been seted up to both sides about the gag lever post, the sideslip frame is close to one side of mount, upper and lower bilateral symmetry and has seted up the dashpot, be provided with buffer gear in the dashpot, buffer gear includes the slip spacer pin of sliding connection at slip spacing inslot, and is located the dashpot of sideslip frame upside and is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed, is used for connecting the tensile spring of sideslip frame and slip spacer pin, is located the dashpot of sideslip frame downside and is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed, is used for connecting the compression spring of sideslip frame and slip spacer pin. The tensile spring and the compression spring are arranged, so that the impact on the fixed frame when the transverse moving mechanism moves transversely can be reduced, and the service life of the transverse moving device is prolonged.

Furthermore, the two ends of the tensile spring and the two ends of the compression spring are both provided with anti-shearing rings which are respectively and fixedly connected to the sliding limit pin and the buffer groove. Due to the arrangement of the anti-shearing ring, the tensile spring and the compression spring are prevented from being bent due to shearing force in the transverse moving process.

Further, the guide wheel groove has been seted up to the centre of slip spacing groove bottom, the centre of slip spacer pin is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed's leading wheel, leading wheel sliding connection is in the guide wheel inslot. The arrangement of the guide wheels and the guide wheel grooves enables the transverse moving frame to move more smoothly in the transverse moving process.

Further, the header is including plucking the ear of grain frame and setting up the drive case in plucking ear of grain frame one side, be provided with a plurality of ear of grain rollers in the plucking ear of grain frame, the ear of grain roller is including plucking the ear of grain body and setting up respectively at the leading-in awl and the connection spindle nose of plucking ear body both ends, it is provided with a plurality of racks to pluck ear of grain body circumference direction, it is connected with the drive case to connect the spindle nose.

Further, the lower cutting platform comprises a reciprocating cutter, and the reciprocating cutter comprises a fixed blade and a movable blade capable of reciprocating relative to the fixed blade. Reciprocating cutters are known to those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, the first driving gear is connected with a servo motor. The servo motor can control speed and position accuracy very accurately, and can convert a voltage signal into torque and rotating speed to drive a control object.

Furthermore, one of them be provided with distance sensor and altitude sensor on the mounting panel, distance sensor and altitude sensor are connected with servo motor, servo motor still is connected with control system, control system is located the driver's cabin. Can realize people and equipment can both make around a stake instruction, realize reaping the crops at irrigation canal edge.

Furthermore, the front side and the rear side of the upper header rack are respectively provided with a spike separating box and a driving gear box; the driving gear box is provided with a driving chain wheel, the front side and the rear side of the ear separating box are respectively provided with a driven chain wheel and a transmission chain wheel, the driving chain wheel, the driven chain wheel and the transmission chain wheel are connected through an ear poking chain, and the ear poking chain is provided with a plurality of guide blades which are uniformly distributed; the ear separating box is characterized in that a rotating device is arranged between the ear separating box and the header frame, the rotating device comprises a second driving gear, a second driven gear, a forward bevel gear and a reverse bevel gear, the second driving gear is coaxially arranged with a driven sprocket, the second driven gear is meshed with the second driving gear, the forward bevel gear is coaxial with the second driven gear, the reverse bevel gear is coaxial with the forward bevel gear but not coaxial with the forward bevel gear, a reversing gear frame is arranged on the ear separating box, the reversing bevel gear is arranged on the reversing gear frame and is respectively meshed with the forward bevel gear and the reverse bevel gear, a driving inner shaft and a driven outer shaft sleeved with the driving inner shaft are further arranged on the ear separating box, an electromagnetic push rod and a double-sided bevel gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the driving inner shaft, a driving belt pulley is arranged on the driven outer shaft, one side, close to the header frame, of the ear separating box is arc-shaped and is provided with steering teeth, a driven belt pulley and a steering gear are coaxially arranged on the header frame, the driving belt pulley is connected with the driven belt, the steering gear is meshed with the steering teeth, and a protective shell is arranged outside the rotating device. The protective shell can prevent the rotating device from being affected by the external environment, and the mechanical jamming caused by foreign matters is avoided.

Further, in this embodiment, the included angle between the two ear separating boxes ranges from 42 ° to 60 °.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention provides a double-header crop harvester, which adopts an independently adjustable double-header structure, an upper header collects fruit clusters, a lower header collects stalks, earlier stage stalk breaking and seed loss are reduced, ear picking quality is improved, smooth feeding and uniform chopping of silage stalks are realized, and the effects that the fruit clusters and the stalks are simultaneously harvested and are not mixed for storage are realized;

the reciprocating cutter of the lower header cuts the plant by utilizing the reciprocating shearing motion of the movable blade relative to the fixed blade on the blade protector. The cutter has good working quality and simple structure, is supported for cutting, does not need high cutting speed, can finish the cutting of different line distances and cutting widths, realizes the complete non-row-alignment harvesting, does not generate the missed cutting, and has good working quality, reliable use and easy satisfaction of standardized production;

the arrangement of the transverse moving mechanism realizes the transverse movement of the double cutting tables, so that crops at the edge of the double cutting tables can be harvested when the double cutting tables are far away from the irrigation channel, a certain pile winding function can be realized by the transverse moving mechanism, and when trees are planted at the edge of the irrigation channel, the pile winding can be realized by the transverse moving mechanism;

the arrangement of the steering device enables the seedling dividing box to harvest corns with different planting widths, so that the adaptability is stronger, and the harvesting effect is better;

the invention provides a crop harvester with double cutting tables, which has wide adaptability to harvesting corns with different row spacing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dual header of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an ear harvesting roller of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the traversing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the traversing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of the ear separating box of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the ear separating box of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of the ear separating box of the present invention.

The harvester comprises a harvester body 1, a harvester body 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a double-cutting platform 4, a fixing frame 5, a buffer mechanism 6, a rotating device 301, an upper cutting platform 302, a lower cutting platform 303, a driving box 304, a snapping machine frame 305, a snapping roller tube body 306, a guide cone 307, a connecting shaft head 308, a rack 309, a steering gear 401, a supporting plate 402, a first driving gear 403, a first driven gear 404, a lead screw 405, a mounting plate 406, a transverse moving frame 407, a limiting rod 501, a shear resisting ring 502, a compression resisting spring 503, a sliding limiting pin 504, a guide wheel 601, a second driving gear 602, a second driven gear 603, a forward bevel gear 604, a reverse bevel gear 605, a reversing bevel gear 606, a double-sided bevel gear 607, a gear carrier driving pulley 608, a driven pulley, a steering gear 610, a driving

inner shaft

609, 611 and a reversing device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, technical features, objects and technical effects of the present invention easily understandable, the present invention is further described below with reference to the specific drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the double-header crop harvester provided by the invention comprises a harvester body 1, a double-header 3 and a lifting mechanism 2 arranged between the harvester body 1 and the double-header 3, wherein the double-header 3 comprises an upper header 301 and a lower header 302, the upper header 301 comprises an upper header 301 frame, and an ear picking mechanism and an ear conveying mechanism which are arranged on the upper header 301 frame, and the lower header 302 comprises a lower header 302 frame, and a stalk cutting mechanism and a stalk conveying device which are arranged on the lower header 302 frame;

be provided with sideslip mechanism between elevating system 2 and the harvester body 1, sideslip mechanism includes fixed mount 4 of fixed connection on

harvester body

1, 4 both sides of fixed mount are provided with backup pad 401, and one of them backup pad 401 one side is provided with first driving gear 402, are located to be provided with lead screw 404 between the backup pad 401 of 4 both sides of fixed mount, lead screw 404 one end is provided with first driven gear 403, first driving gear 402 and the meshing of first driven gear 403, the fixed plate is positive to be provided with gag lever post 407, sliding connection has sideslip frame 406 on the gag lever post 407, be provided with on the sideslip frame 406 with lead screw 404 assorted screw hole, the one end fixedly connected with that mount 4 was kept away from to sideslip frame 406 is used for installing elevating system 2's mounting panel 405.

In this embodiment, the upper and lower both sides of the stop lever 407 have all been seted up the slip spacing groove, the sideslip frame 406 is close to one side of mount 4, the upper and lower bilateral symmetry has seted up the dashpot, be provided with buffer gear 5 in the dashpot, buffer gear 5 includes sliding connection at the slip spacing inslot slip spacing pin 503, and is located the dashpot of sideslip frame 406 upside and is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed, is used for connecting the tensile spring of sideslip frame 406 and slip spacing pin 503, is located the dashpot of sideslip frame 406 downside and is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed, is used for connecting the compression spring 502 of sideslip frame 406 and slip spacing pin 503. The arrangement of the tensile spring and the compression spring 502 can reduce the impact on the fixed frame 4 when the transverse moving mechanism transversely moves, and the service life of the transverse moving device is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the header 301 includes ear plucking frame 304 and sets up the drive case 303 in ear plucking frame 304 one side, be provided with a plurality of ear plucking rollers on the ear plucking frame 304, the ear plucking roller includes ear plucking body and sets up respectively at the leading-in awl 306 and the connection spindle nose 307 at ear plucking body both ends, ear plucking body circumferential direction is provided with a plurality of racks 308, it is connected with drive case 303 to connect spindle nose 307.

In this embodiment, the lower header 302 includes a reciprocating cutter including a stationary blade and a movable blade capable of reciprocating relative to the stationary blade. Reciprocating cutters are known to those skilled in the art.

In this embodiment, the first driving gear 402 is connected to a servo motor. The servo motor can control the speed and position accuracy accurately, and can convert the voltage signal into torque and rotating speed to drive a control object.

In this embodiment, one of the mounting plates 405 is provided with a distance sensor and a height sensor, the distance sensor and the height sensor are connected to a servo motor, the servo motor is further connected to a control system, and the control system is located in the cab. Can realize people and equipment can both make around a stake instruction, realize reaping the crops at irrigation canal edge.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 6 and 7, unlike embodiment 1, the two ends of the tension spring and the two ends of the compression spring 502 are provided with the anti-shear rings 501, and are respectively and fixedly connected to the sliding stopper pin 503 and the buffer groove. The arrangement of the anti-shearing ring 501 prevents the tensile spring and the compression spring 502 from being bent due to shearing force in the transverse moving process.

In this embodiment, a guide wheel groove is formed in the center of the bottom of the sliding limiting groove, a plurality of guide wheels 504 which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the center of the sliding limiting pin 503, and the guide wheels 504 are slidably connected in the guide wheel groove. The guide wheels 504 and the guide wheel grooves are arranged to make the transverse moving frame 406 move more smoothly in the transverse moving process.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 8 to 10, unlike embodiment 1, the front and rear sides of the upper header frame are respectively provided with a ear separating box and a driving gear box;

the driving gear box is provided with a driving chain wheel, the front side and the rear side of the ear separating box are respectively provided with a driven chain wheel and a transmission chain wheel, the driving chain wheel, the driven chain wheel and the transmission chain wheel are connected through an ear poking chain, and the ear poking chain is provided with a plurality of guide blades which are uniformly distributed;

a rotating device 6 is arranged between the ear separating box and the ear picking rack 304, the rotating device 6 comprises a second driving gear 601 coaxially arranged with a driven sprocket, a second driven gear 602 engaged with the second driving gear 601, a forward bevel gear 603 coaxial with the second driven gear 602 and a reverse bevel gear 604 coaxial with but not coaxial with the forward bevel gear 603, a reversing gear frame 611 is arranged on the ear separating box, a reversing bevel gear 605 is arranged on the reversing gear frame 611, the reversing bevel gear 605 is respectively engaged with the forward bevel gear 603 and the reverse bevel gear 604, a driving inner shaft 610 and a driven outer shaft sleeved with the driving inner shaft 610 are further arranged on the ear separating box, an electromagnetic push rod and a double-sided bevel gear 606 are respectively arranged at two ends of the driving inner shaft 610, a driving pulley 607 is arranged on the driven outer shaft, a circular arc-shaped turning tooth 309 is arranged at one side of the ear separating box close to the ear picking rack 304, a driven pulley 608 and a turning gear 609 coaxially arranged on the ear picking rack 3041, the driving pulley 607 is connected with the driven pulley 608 through a belt, the turning gear 609 is engaged with the turning tooth 309, and a protective shell is arranged outside the rotating device. The protective shell can prevent the rotating device from being affected by the external environment, and the mechanical jamming caused by foreign matters is avoided.

At the moment, the included angle between the two spike separating boxes can be adjusted, and the value range of the included angle is 42-60 degrees.

When the electromagnetic push rod is located at a balance position, the double-sided bevel gear 606 is not meshed with any one of the forward bevel gear 603 and the reverse bevel gear 604, namely the included angle between the two spike boxes cannot be adjusted through the steering gear 609;

the driven sprocket rotates to drive the second driving gear 601 to rotate, further drives the second driven gear 602 to rotate, simultaneously the forward bevel gear 603 rotates, the reverse bevel gear 604 and the forward bevel gear 603 rotate in reverse direction under the action of the reverse rotating gear,

when the electromagnetic push rod moves downwards, the double-sided bevel gear 606 is meshed with the forward bevel gear 603, the driving inner shaft 610 drives the driven outer shaft to rotate, the driving belt pulley 607 and the driven belt pulley 608 are further driven to rotate, the driving steering gear 609 is driven to rotate, and finally the angle of the split heading box 3 is adjusted; similarly, when the electromagnetic push rod moves upwards, the double-sided bevel gear 606 is meshed with the reverse bevel gear 604, and finally the opposite angle adjusting trend is achieved when the double-sided bevel gear is meshed with the forward bevel gear 603.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the claims of the present invention should fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two header crops harvester which characterized in that: the double-header harvester comprises a harvester body, a double-header and a lifting mechanism arranged between the harvester body and the double-header, wherein the double-header comprises an upper header and a lower header, the upper header comprises an upper header rack, and a picking mechanism and a fruit cluster conveying mechanism which are arranged on the upper header rack, and the lower header comprises a lower header rack, and a stem cutting mechanism and a stem conveying device which are arranged on the lower header rack;

2. The dual header crop harvester of claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a horizontal sliding rack, including horizontal moving frame, fixing frame, buffer slot, buffer mechanism, bracing piece, limiting rod, both sides all have seted up the slip spacing groove about the gag lever post, the horizontal moving frame is close to one side of mount, the upper and lower bilateral symmetry has seted up the buffer slot, be provided with buffer mechanism in the buffer slot, buffer mechanism includes the slip spacer pin of sliding connection at the slip spacing inslot, and is located the buffer slot of horizontal moving frame upside and is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed, is used for connecting the tensile spring of horizontal moving frame and slip spacer pin, is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed, is used for connecting the resistance to compression spring of horizontal moving frame and slip spacer pin in the buffer slot that is located horizontal moving frame downside.

3. A dual header crop harvester according to claim 2, wherein: the two ends of the tensile spring and the two ends of the compression spring are both provided with anti-shearing rings, and the anti-shearing rings are fixedly connected to the sliding limiting pin and the buffer groove respectively.

4. The dual header crop harvester of claim 2, wherein: the guide wheel groove has been seted up to slip spacer pin bottom centre, slip spacer pin centre is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed's leading wheel, leading wheel sliding connection is in the guide wheel groove.

5. The dual header crop harvester of claim 1, wherein: the upper header comprises an ear picking frame and a driving box arranged on one side of the ear picking frame, a plurality of ear picking rollers are arranged on the ear picking frame, each ear picking roller comprises an ear picking pipe body and a guiding cone and a connecting shaft head, the guiding cones are arranged at two ends of the ear picking pipe body respectively, a plurality of racks are arranged in the circumferential direction of the ear picking pipe body, and the connecting shaft head is connected with the driving box.

6. The dual header crop harvester of claim 5, wherein: the lower cutting table comprises a reciprocating cutter, and the reciprocating cutter comprises a fixed blade and a movable blade capable of reciprocating relative to the fixed blade.

7. The dual header crop harvester of claim 1, wherein: the first driving gear is connected with the servo motor.

8. The dual header crop harvester of claim 7, wherein: one of them be provided with distance sensor and altitude sensor on the mounting panel, distance sensor and altitude sensor are connected with servo motor, servo motor still is connected with control system, control system is located the driver's cabin.

9. A dual header crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the front side and the rear side of the upper header frame are respectively provided with a spike separating box and a driving gear box;

the driving gear box is provided with a driving sprocket, the front side and the rear side of the ear separating box are respectively provided with a driven sprocket and a transmission sprocket, the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket and the transmission sprocket are connected through an ear poking chain, and the ear poking chain is provided with a plurality of guide blades which are uniformly distributed;

the corn ear separating device is characterized in that a rotating device is arranged between the corn ear separating box and the header rack, the rotating device comprises a second driving gear coaxially arranged with a driven sprocket, a second driven gear meshed with the second driving gear, a forward bevel gear coaxial with the second driven gear and a reverse bevel gear coaxial with the forward bevel gear but not coaxial with the forward bevel gear, a reversing gear frame is arranged on the corn ear separating box, reversing bevel gears are arranged on the reversing gear frame and are respectively meshed with the forward bevel gear and the reverse bevel gear, a driving inner shaft and a driven outer shaft sleeved with the driving inner shaft are further arranged on the corn ear separating box, two ends of the driving inner shaft are respectively provided with an electromagnetic push rod and a double-sided bevel gear, a driving pulley is arranged on the driven outer shaft, one side, close to the header rack, of the corn ear separating box is arc-shaped and is provided with steering teeth, a driven pulley and steering gears coaxially arranged on the header rack are connected with the driving pulley through a belt, the steering gears are meshed with the steering teeth, and a protective shell is arranged outside the rotating device.

10. The dual header crop harvester of claim 9, wherein: the included angle between the two ear separating boxes ranges from 42 degrees to 60 degrees.