CN215683459U - Header mechanism of sunflower seed combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a header mechanism of a sunflower seed combine harvester, which comprises a rack, a transmission system, a front baffle mechanism, a right divider, a left divider, a divider, an I-type divider, an II-type divider, a pressure lever mechanism, a feeding roller conveyor and a brush type seed blocking device. The header mechanism is provided with two types of grain lifters, namely a type I grain lifter and a type II grain lifter, and can harvest sunflower seeds according to the humidity and the farming season requirements of the sunflower seeds. The header mechanism is provided with the brush type seed blocking device at the gap between the two dividers, thereby ensuring that the seeds are prevented from being lost and scattered on the ground during the operation of the harvester and reducing the loss rate of the harvester. The header mechanism is provided with the pressure lever mechanism below the cutter, thereby avoiding the cutter from clamping the stem to influence the cutting effect. The header mechanism has simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, can be installed on different harvesters for application by slightly modifying, and improves the utilization rate of machines.

Description

Header mechanism of sunflower seed combine harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a sunflower harvester, in particular to a header mechanism of a sunflower seed combine harvester.

Background

Sunflower is an important oil and food processing raw material crop, and the planting area of the sunflower is in a rapid expansion trend. The agricultural department puts higher requirements on the links of the cultivation and the popularization of new sunflower varieties, the mechanical sowing of sunflowers, the field management, the mechanical harvesting and the like. The mechanical harvesting requirement of edible sunflower is the most strict, such as the requirements of shortening the harvesting period, high harvesting efficiency, small harvesting loss, less broken seeds, no scratch to the seed coat, less seed sorting impurities, collecting sunflower discs for remaining as feed, chopping straws and returning the straws to the field and the like are provided. However, at present, most areas of China still mainly adopt manual harvesting, and part of areas adopt mechanized harvesting and segmented harvesting. The segmented harvesting is that firstly, the sunflower discs are manually cut off by an Sickle cutter, then, the discs are inserted on stalk stubble openings for sunlight airing, and after the discs are dried, the discs are harvested and threshed by a harvester, so that the loss caused by manual moving and seed transportation is saved. At present, the mechanical harvesting of the sunflower seeds for oil is mainly focused, and the mechanical harvesting of the edible sunflower seeds is still in the development starting stage. For many years, agricultural machinery scientific research and production departments are engaged in continuously exploring and developing harvesting machinery suitable for various agricultural requirements, although products are produced, the technology is not mature, and the following problems mainly exist: firstly, the loss of sunflower seeds is large. In the sunflower production area of China, because no special sunflower harvester exists, most wheat combine harvesters are used for direct harvesting, and related data show that the total loss rate of directly harvesting the sunflowers by using the combine harvesters is over 10 percent, and 80 percent of the loss is generated in the harvesting header. The loss of the header mainly includes seed dropping and missed cutting. Seed dropping: when the sunflower is harvested, in the full-ripe period, the stems are collided, beaten and vibrated by the grain pulling device and the cutter, and the sunflower seeds are easy to fall off and fall to the ground from gaps between the grain dividers. The main reason for the missed cutting is that when the sunflowers are harvested, the stems are dry and easy to bend or break under the action of the advancing divider, and the stems and the flower discs are creeping on the ground and are not easy to pick up and cut. Therefore, a harvesting table special for harvesting sunflowers is needed in the market at present, so that the loss rate of seeds is low and the missing of the seeds is small.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a header mechanism of a sunflower seed combine harvester, which can finish the operations of dividing, shifting, cutting and conveying at one time.

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is realized by the following structure: a header mechanism of a sunflower seed combine harvester comprises a rack, a transmission system, a front baffle mechanism, a left divider, a right divider, a type I divider, a type II divider, a pressure lever mechanism, a feeding roller conveyor, a brush type seed blocking device and a cutter.

The transmission system is arranged on a rack on the right side of the header and comprises a speed-adjustable transmission wheel set, a middle transmission wheel set, a reel transmission belt wheel, a tension wheel, a feeding roller conveyor chain wheel, a cutting knife swinging ring transmission wheel set, a small chain wheel, a pressure bar mechanism transmission chain wheel, a transmission chain, a transmission belt I and a transmission belt II.

The lifting rods are positioned above two sides of the header rack, one end of each lifting rod is coaxial with the speed-adjustable transmission wheel set, and the lifting rods lift the oil cylinders to control the lifting rods to move up and down;

when the sunflower harvester directly harvests sun-dried sunflower, the front baffle mechanism and the type I grain deflector are installed at the same time.

The front baffle mechanism is fixed on the lifting rod through a shaft sleeve, and the position of the front baffle mechanism can be adjusted back and forth along the lifting rod by adjusting the fixing bolt of the shaft sleeve. The front baffle plate mechanism is composed of a baffle plate, an inclined supporting rod, a fastening bolt, a shaft sleeve, a vertical supporting rod and a baffle plate position adjusting bolt. The front baffle mechanism has the function of bending the sunflower stems with uneven growth trend and height uniformly, so that the sunflower stems can be conveniently and smoothly fed into the cutter by the straw poking rods of the I-type straw poking device. One end of the baffle is fixed on the inclined supporting rod through a fastening bolt, and the other end of the baffle is connected with the vertical supporting rod through a baffle position adjusting bolt. And the other end of the inclined supporting rod is connected with the vertical supporting rod through another baffle plate position adjusting bolt. The height of the baffle plate and the divider and the opening angle of the lower end of the baffle plate can be adjusted by changing the relative positions of the baffle plate position adjusting bolts on the inclined support rod, the vertical support rod and the three holes on the baffle plate;

the I-type grain pulling device is arranged on the lifting rod of the header through a sliding bearing and is positioned at the rear end of the front baffle. It comprises a reel rod, an I-shaped reel shaft, a sliding bearing and an I-shaped reel. The type I grain poking device has three functions, namely, the sunflower stems in front of the cutting table are poked to the cutter; secondly, when the cutter cuts the sunflower stems, the sunflower stems are supported from the front to prevent the sunflower stems from toppling forwards; thirdly, after the sunflower stems are cut off, the sunflower stems are pushed to fall on a feeding roller conveyor in time.

When the sunflower seeds finish the wax ripening period, in order to rob the harvest time, firstly, the sunflower discs are manually cut off, the flower discs which are not dried in the sun are inserted on the cutting openings of the sunflower stems so as to be dried by sunlight in a solarization manner, the sunflower seeds are harvested by a sunflower seed harvester after being dried, and at the moment, the harvester needs to be provided with a II-type reel.

The type II grain poking device is arranged on the lifting rod through a grain poking bearing, and the distance between the type II grain poking device and the front and back positions of the feeding roller conveyor can be adjusted through adjusting the position of a long hole on the lifting rod through an adjusting bolt. The up-down position of the type II grain pulling device is controlled by a lifting rod lifting oil cylinder. The type II reel consists of a type II reel shaft, a reel bearing, reel spokes, a samsung reel, a reel plate and fixing bolts and nuts. The type II grain poking device has the effects that the sunflower disc inserted on the sunflower stems is directly poked down and is sent into the feeding roller conveyor, then the threshing roller is used for threshing, the sunflower stems in the field are not cut, and the operation efficiency of the harvester is greatly improved.

The plurality of nearside dividers are arranged at the front lower part of the header frame and are positioned above the cutter. The front end of the cutter is triangular, so that the cutter can be conveniently inserted into the row space of crops, and the crops can be smoothly guided into the cutter. The two sides of each divider are provided with brush type seed blocking devices which are used for preventing seeds from falling to the ground from gaps between the dividers due to the striking and shaking of the grain pokers when the sunflower disc moves towards the header, so that the loss rate of the seeds is reduced; the top of the front triangle of the divider is provided with a small pulley, which can avoid the front end of the divider from hanging grass and affecting the dividing effect.

The left divider and the right divider are respectively arranged at two sides of the header;

the brush type grain blocking device is fixed on the edges of two sides of the grain divider by fixing bolts. Comprises an upper pressing hairbrush strip, a lower pressing hairbrush strip, a small round clamp with a nut, a small fixing bolt, a hairbrush and a clamp. The adjacent hairbrushes shield a gap between two adjacent grain dividers, so that the fallen sunflower seeds are prevented from falling into the ground.

The pressure bar mechanism is arranged on the header frame through a pressure bar bearing and is positioned below the cutter. The pressing rod mechanism consists of a pressing rod mechanism transmission chain wheel, a reel square plate, a square shaft and a pressing rod bearing. The seedling shifting square plates can be aligned with the central lines of two adjacent blade protectors every 4 cutters according to the sunflower planting row spacing, and are welded on the square shaft, and the two adjacent seedling shifting square plates are arranged at an angle of 180 degrees. The pressing rod mechanism is used for driving the pressing rod mechanism driving chain wheel to rotate the reel square plate around the square shaft, and rapidly and forcibly pulling out the tail end part of the sunflower stem and the cut stem from the cutter gap so as to prevent the cutter from being blocked. The distance between the center of the square shaft and the front of the root of the movable blade is 55-60mm (a), the distance between the center of the square shaft and the lower part of the root of the movable blade is 110-115mm (b), and the height of the reel square plate is 50-60mm (h).

The transmission principle of the header mechanism is as follows: the power is transmitted out from a middle transmission wheel set positioned at the rear part of the header, one path of power passes through a chain wheel, is transmitted to a speed-adjustable transmission wheel set through a transmission chain, and is transmitted to a feeding roller conveying chain wheel to drive a feeding roller conveyor to rotate; the belt pulley is arranged on the same shaft of the speed-adjustable transmission wheel set and is finally transmitted to the belt pulley of the reel through the transmission belt I and the tension pulley; the other path of the power is transmitted to a cutting knife swinging ring transmission wheel set through a belt pulley and a transmission belt II which are coaxially arranged on the middle transmission wheel set, so as to drive a cutter to operate; in addition, a small chain wheel which is coaxial with the cutting knife swing ring transmission wheel set drives the compression bar mechanism transmission chain wheel to rotate through a transmission chain.

This header mechanism's advantage is: 1. the harvesting header is provided with two types of grain lifters, namely a type I grain lifter and a type II grain lifter, and can harvest sunflower seeds according to the humidity and the agricultural time requirements of the sunflower seeds; 2. the header mechanism is provided with the brush type seed blocking device at the gap between the two dividers, thereby ensuring that the seeds are prevented from being lost and scattered on the ground during the operation of the harvester and reducing the total loss rate of the harvester; 3. the header mechanism is provided with the pressure lever mechanism below the cutter, so that the cutting effect is prevented from being influenced by the stem entrained in the cutter; 4. the header mechanism has simple structure, can be installed on different harvesters by slightly modifying, and improves the utilization rate of machines.

Drawings

FIG. 1 side view of I-shaped header structure for sunflower seed harvester

FIG. 2 top view of I-shaped header structure for sunflower seed harvester

FIG. 3 side view of II-type header structure for sunflower seed harvester

FIG. 4 top view of II-type header structure for sunflower seed harvester

Fig. 5 front view of i-type header rice-stirring device structure for sunflower seed harvester

FIG. 6 side view of I-type header rice-stirring device structure for sunflower seeds harvester

FIG. 7 front view of II-type header rice-stirring device structure for sunflower seeds harvester

FIG. 8 side view of II-type header rice-stirring device structure for sunflower seeds harvester

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a pressing rod mechanism

FIG. 10 is a side view of the structure of the plunger mechanism

FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of the plunger mechanism

FIG. 12 side view of the position of the strut mechanism

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the brush type grain-blocking device (A-A section view in FIG. 2)

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a front baffle mechanism

FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of the front baffle mechanism

The arrow in the figure is the direction of rotation of the mechanism

Description of the figures

1 right divider 2 front baffle mechanism 3I type divider 4 driving belt I5 divider driving pulley 6 idler pulley 7 speed adjustable driving wheel group 8 middle driving wheel group 9 driving chain 10 feeding roller conveyor sprocket 11 driving belt II 12 frame 13 cutter swing ring driving wheel group 14 small sprocket 15 pressure bar mechanism driving sprocket 16 cutter 17 feeding roller conveyor 18 left divider 19 divider 20 brush type grain blocking device 21 II type divider 22 pressure bar mechanism 23 knife guard 24 driving system 25 lifting rod 26 small pulley 27 lifting rod lifting oil cylinder

2-1 baffle 2-2 oblique supporting rod 2-3 fastening bolt 2-4 shaft sleeve 2-5 vertical supporting rod 2-6 shaft sleeve fixing bolt 2-7 baffle position adjusting bolt

3-1 reel rod 3-2I type reel shaft 3-3 sliding bearing 3-4I type reel

20-1 upper pressing brush strip 20-2 lower pressing brush strip 20-3 small round clamp with nut 20-4 small fixing bolt 20-5 brush 20-6 brush hoop

Bolt and nut are fixed on 21-1 II type reel shaft 21-2 reel bearing 21-3 reel spoke 21-4 Samsung reel 21-5 reel plate 21-6

22-1 square shaft, 22-2 reel square plate and 22-3 press rod bearing 22-4 moving blade

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the header mechanism is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the header mechanism can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the protection scope of the present invention can be more clearly defined.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the header mechanism comprises a frame 12, a transmission system 24, a front baffle mechanism 2, a right divider 1, a left divider 18, a divider 19, a type i divider 3, a type ii divider 21, a press rod mechanism 22, a feed roller conveyor 17, a brush type grain blocking device 20 and a cutter 16.

The lifting rods 25 are positioned above two sides of the header frame 12, one end of each lifting rod is coaxial with the adjustable speed transmission wheel set 7, and the lifting rods lift the oil cylinders 27 to control the lifting rods to move up and down;

the transmission system 24 is arranged on a frame 12 on the right side of the header and comprises a speed-adjustable transmission wheel set 7, an intermediate transmission wheel set 8, a reel shifter transmission belt pulley 5, a tension pulley 6, a feeding roller conveyor chain wheel 10, a cutting knife swing ring transmission wheel set 13, a small chain wheel 14, a pressure lever mechanism transmission chain wheel 15, a transmission chain 9, a transmission belt I4 and a transmission belt II 11.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, 6, 14 and 15, the front baffle mechanism 2 is fixed on the lifting rod 25 through a shaft sleeve 2-4, and the front baffle mechanism 2 is composed of a baffle 2-1, an inclined strut 2-2, a fastening bolt 2-3, a shaft sleeve 2-4, an upright strut 2-5 and a baffle position adjusting bolt 2-7. One end of the baffle 2-1 is fixed on the inclined strut 2-2 through a fastening bolt 2-3, and the other end is connected with the upright strut 2-5 through a baffle position adjusting bolt 2-7. And the other end of the inclined strut 2-2 is connected with the upright strut 2-5 through another baffle position adjusting bolt 2-7. The height of the baffle plate 2-1 and the divider 19 and the opening angle of the lower end of the baffle plate 2-1 can be adjusted by changing the relative positions of the baffle plate position adjusting bolts 2-7 on the inclined supporting rod 2-2, the vertical supporting rod 2-5 and the baffle plate 2-1;

as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the i-type reel 3 is mounted on the lifting rod 25 of the header through a sliding bearing 3-3 and is positioned at the rear end of the front baffle mechanism 2. The reel comprises a reel rod 3-1, a reel shaft 3-2 of a type I, a sliding bearing 3-3 and a reel wheel 3-4 of the type I.

As shown in fig. 3, 4, 7 and 8, the type ii reel 21 is mounted on the lifting rod 25 through a reel bearing 21-2, and the distance between the type ii reel 21 and the front and back of the feeding roller conveyor 17 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the long hole on the lifting rod 25 through adjusting the fixing bolt and nut 21-6. The II-type reel 21 consists of a II-type reel shaft 21-1, a reel bearing 21-2, reel spokes 21-3, a Samsung reel 21-4, reel plates 21-5 and fixing bolts and nuts 21-6.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the plurality of dividers 19 are installed below the front of the header frame 12 and above the cutters 16, the front ends of the dividers are triangular, brush type grain blocking devices 20 are installed on two sides of each divider 19, and a small pulley 26 is installed at the top of the front triangle of each divider 19;

the right divider 1 and the left divider 18 are respectively arranged at two sides of the header;

as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 13, the brush type grain baffle device 20 is fixed at two side edges of the grain divider 19 by fixing bolts. The brush is composed of an upper pressing brush strip 20-1, a lower pressing brush strip 20-2, a small round clamp 20-3 with a nut, a small fixing bolt 20-4, a brush 20-5 and a brush hoop 20-6.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the ram mechanism 22 is mounted to the header frame 12 below the cutter 16 by a ram bearing 22-3. The pressing rod mechanism 22 consists of a pressing rod mechanism transmission chain wheel 15, a square shaft 22-1, a reel square plate 22-2 and a pressing rod bearing 22-3;

as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the reel square plates 22-2 can be welded on the square shaft 22-1 every 4 cutters 16 and aligned with the center lines of two blade protectors 23 according to the sunflower planting row spacing, and two adjacent reel square plates 22-2 are arranged at an angle of 180 degrees. The distance between the center of the square shaft 22-1 and the front of the root of the movable blade 22-4 is 55-60mm (a), and the distance between the center of the square shaft 22-1 and the lower part of the root of the movable blade 22-4 is 110-. The height of the reel square plate 22-2 is 50-60mm (h).

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a header mechanism of sunflower seeds combine, includes frame (12), transmission system (24), preceding baffle mechanism (2), right divider (1), left divider (18), divider (19), I type divider (3), II type divider (21), depression bar mechanism (22), feeding cylinder conveyer (17), brush fender seed grain device (20), lifter (25), lifter lift cylinder (27), cutterbar (16), its characterized in that: the transmission system (24) is arranged on a rack (12) on the right side of the header and comprises a speed-adjustable transmission wheel set (7), an intermediate transmission wheel (8), a reel shifter transmission belt pulley (5), a tension pulley (6), a feeding roller conveyor chain wheel (10), a cutting knife swing ring transmission wheel (13), a small chain wheel (14), a pressure lever mechanism transmission chain wheel (15), a transmission chain (9), a transmission belt I (4) and a transmission belt II (11);

the lifting rod (25) is positioned above two sides of the rack (12), one end of the lifting rod is coaxial with the speed-adjustable transmission wheel set (7), and the lifting rod lifts the oil cylinder (27) to control the lifting rod to move up and down;

the front baffle plate mechanism (2) is fixed on the lifting rod (25) through a shaft sleeve (2-4) and can be adjusted in position forwards and backwards along the lifting rod (25) through adjusting a shaft sleeve fixing bolt (2-7), the front baffle plate mechanism (2) consists of a baffle plate (2-1), an inclined supporting rod (2-2), a fastening bolt (2-3), a shaft sleeve (2-4), a vertical supporting rod (2-5) and a baffle plate position adjusting bolt (2-7), one end of the baffle plate (2-1) is fixed on the inclined supporting rod (2-2) through the fastening bolt (2-3), the other end of the baffle plate (2-1) is connected with the vertical supporting rod (2-5) through the baffle plate position adjusting bolt (2-7), the other end of the inclined supporting rod (2-2) is connected with the vertical supporting rod (2-5) through the other baffle plate position adjusting bolt (2-7), the height of the baffle (2-1) and the divider (19) and the opening angle of the lower end of the baffle (2-1) can be adjusted by changing the mutual positions of the baffle position adjusting bolts (2-7) on the inclined support rod (2-2), the vertical support rod (2-5) and the baffle (2-1);

the I-type reel (3) is arranged on the lifting rod (25) through a sliding bearing (3-3), is positioned at the rear end of the front baffle mechanism (2), and comprises a reel rod (3-1), an I-type reel shaft (3-2), a sliding bearing (3-3) and an I-type reel (3-4);

the II-type reel (21) is arranged on the lifting rod through a reel bearing (21-2), the position of a long hole on the lifting rod (25) can be adjusted through adjusting a fixing bolt and a nut (21-6), the front and back positions of the II-type reel (21) away from the feeding roller conveyor (17) are adjusted, and the II-type reel (21) consists of a II-type reel shaft (21-1), a reel bearing (21-2), a reel spoke (21-3), a Samsung reel wheel (21-4), a reel plate (21-5) and a fixing bolt and a nut (21-6);

a group of dividers (19) are arranged at the front lower part of the header frame (12) and above the cutter (16), the front ends of the dividers are triangular, and two sides of each divider (19) are provided with brush type seed blocking devices (20);

the right divider (1) and the left divider (18) are respectively arranged at two sides of the header;

the brush type grain blocking device (20) is fixed on the edges of two sides of the grain divider (19) by fixing bolts and consists of an upper pressing brush strip (20-1), a lower pressing brush strip (20-2), a small round clamp (20-3) with a nut, a small fixing bolt (20-4), a brush (20-5) and a brush clamp (20-6);

the compression bar mechanism (22) is arranged on the header rack (12) through a compression bar bearing (22-3) and is positioned below the cutter (16), and the compression bar mechanism (22) consists of a compression bar mechanism transmission chain wheel (15), a square shaft (22-1), a reel square plate (22-2) and a compression bar bearing (22-3);

the reel square plate (22-2) can align every 4 cutters (16) with the central lines of the two blade protectors (23) according to the planting row spacing of the sunflower and is welded on the square shaft (22-1).

2. A header mechanism of a sunflower seed combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: a small pulley (26) is arranged at the top of the front triangle of the divider (19).

3. A header mechanism of a sunflower seed combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: two adjacent reel square plates (22-2) are arranged at an angle of 180 degrees; the distance between the center of the square shaft (22-1) and the front of the root part of the movable blade (22-4) is 55-60mm, the distance between the center of the square shaft (22-1) and the lower part of the root part of the movable blade (22-4) is 110-115mm, and the height of the reel square plate is 50-60 mm.

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