CN115138568A

CN115138568A - Intelligent garbage winnowing machine

Info

Publication number: CN115138568A
Application number: CN202210709889.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢光凡; 赖光皓; 凌伟
Original assignee: Zhongshan Shredder Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongshan Shredder Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-22
Filing date: 2022-06-22
Publication date: 2022-10-04

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage screening equipment, in particular to an intelligent garbage winnowing machine which comprises a fan, a feeding conveyor, a diffusion chamber and a blowing nozzle, wherein a rotary drum separating mechanism is communicated between the feeding conveyor and the diffusion chamber, and the blowing nozzle is arranged between the end part of the feeding conveyor and the rotary drum separating mechanism and is communicated with the fan through an air supply pipe; still include and press the drum mechanism, press the drum mechanism set up in the upside of material loading conveyer mainly includes support frame, pressure drum, displacement sensor and slider, press the parallel interval of drum and set up in the top of material loading conveyer, the slider can go up, down sliding connection be in on the support frame, press the drum both ends to rotate and connect on the slider, displacement sensor is used for acquireing the sliding displacement volume of slider. The invention provides an intelligent garbage winnowing machine which can effectively solve the problem of poor winnowing caused by adjusting an air pipe valve or adjusting the frequency of a fan by a worker of the existing winnowing machine.

Description

Intelligent garbage winnowing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage screening equipment, in particular to an intelligent garbage winnowing machine.

Background

The existing winnowing machine mainly utilizes wind power to separate materials with different densities and different particle sizes into required light and heavy substances. The main structure of the winnowing machine comprises a feeding belt conveyor, a fan, an air nozzle, a diffusion chamber, a discharging belt conveyor, a ventilating duct, a rotary drum separating device, a dust removing device and a fan control valve.

Generally, the composition of domestic garbage and industrial garbage is quite complex, the components of the same region in different time periods are different, and the material components in different regions have larger difference. The existing winnowing equipment has several disadvantages when sorting garbage:

1. when the air separator works, the air speed of the blowing nozzle is controlled by workers adjusting an air pipe valve or adjusting the frequency of a fan, the regulation efficiency of the workers is low, and the air separator cannot carry out separation according to the characteristics of materials;

2. gas at the discharge hole of the diffusion chamber is easy to seep out;

3. light garbage in the diffusion chamber is easy to push and is not easy to discharge near the outlet;

4. before entering the separation chamber, the garbage on the conveying belt is conveyed unevenly, and after entering the separation chamber, the garbage cannot be uniformly ventilated, so that the garbage sorting effect is lowered;

5. the real-time output and flow condition of the material feeding and discharging of the winnowing machine cannot be monitored in real time.

Disclosure of Invention

Solves the technical problem

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent garbage winnowing machine, which can effectively solve the problem of poor winnowing caused by adjusting an air pipe valve or adjusting the frequency of a fan by a worker of the existing winnowing machine.

Technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an intelligent garbage winnowing machine which comprises a fan, a feeding conveyor, a diffusion chamber and a blowing nozzle, wherein a rotary drum separating mechanism is communicated between the feeding conveyor and the diffusion chamber, and the blowing nozzle is arranged between the end part of the feeding conveyor and the rotary drum separating mechanism and communicated with the fan through an air supply pipe; still include the pressure drum mechanism, the pressure drum mechanism set up in the upside of material loading conveyer mainly includes support frame, pressure drum, displacement sensor and slider, the parallel interval of pressure drum sets up in the top of material loading conveyer, the slider can upper and lower sliding connection be in on the support frame, the pressure drum both ends are rotated and are connected on the slider, displacement sensor is used for acquireing the sliding displacement volume of slider.

A speed detector for detecting the speed of the belt is arranged on the feeding conveyor, a group of flat carrier rollers are arranged on the upper side of the feeding conveyor at intervals below the belt, and the bottom of each flat carrier roller is connected with a weighing sensor; the air supply pipeline is internally provided with an air speed sensor, the air speed sensor is used for monitoring the air speed sent out by the blowing nozzle, and the fan is provided with a variable frequency speed regulation unit.

Furthermore, a discharging conveyor is arranged on the lower side of the diffusion chamber, and a rotatable driving roller is arranged at a discharging opening of the diffusion chamber.

Furthermore, a plurality of air suction boxes are distributed on the top of the diffusion chamber, the air suction boxes are communicated with a ventilating pipeline, the ventilating pipeline is used for communicating the fan with the inside of the diffusion chamber, and the ventilating pipeline is provided with an electric valve.

Furthermore, the rotary drum separating mechanism comprises a box body, a rotary drum and a speed reduction driving motor, the box body is a box body which is through from front to back, the rotary drum is rotatably connected to the box body, a blanking port is formed in the bottom of the box body which is located on the front side of the rotary drum, and the speed reduction driving motor is linked with the rotary drum.

Furthermore, a scraping plate is fixed obliquely below the rotary drum, and a knife edge on the upper side of the scraping plate is close to the rotary drum.

Further, the blow nozzle can be angularly adjusted within 0-90 °.

Furthermore, the support frame is fixed on the support plate, sliding rails are vertically fixed on two sides of the support frame, sliding grooves matched with the sliding blocks are formed between the sliding rails, the main body of the displacement sensor is fixed on the support frame, and the outer end of a pull rod of the displacement sensor is fixedly connected with the sliding blocks.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the mass transport volume can be obtained in real time through the bearing surface of the flat carrier roller provided with the weighing detector and below the belt of the feeding conveyor and the speed sensor, meanwhile, a drum pressing mechanism is designed on the feeding conveyor, garbage is pressed to a certain distance by the aid of the weight of the drum pressing mechanism, the displacement sensor obtains the displacement of the drum pressing mechanism, the cross-sectional area of the garbage on the feeding conveyor in unit time can be obtained, then, the density of the garbage after being pressed at the moment is obtained according to the mass transport volume, after the flow and the density of the feeding materials are automatically monitored in real time, the wind speed of the fan is automatically adjusted, and the sorting efficiency and the sorting purity are greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the air classifier of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the air classifier of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a drum pressing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a drum separator mechanism and associated units of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the interior of the infeed conveyor of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the interior of the diffusion chamber of the present invention;

the reference numerals in the drawings denote: 10. a fan; 20. a feeding conveyor; 30. a diffusion chamber; 40. a blowing nozzle; 50. a drum pressing mechanism; 60. a drum separating mechanism; 70. a speed detector; 80. a flat carrier roller; 90. a weighing sensor; 100. a discharge conveyor; 110. driving the roller; 120. a support plate; 31. An air suction box; 32. a ventilation duct; 33. an electrically operated valve; 51. a support frame; 52. pressing the drum; 53. a displacement sensor; 54. a slider; 55. a slide rail; 61. a box body; 62. a drum; 63. a deceleration driving motor; 64. a blanking port; 65. and a scraping plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example (b):

the invention provides an intelligent garbage winnowing machine, which is used in a garbage yard, and is used in a sorting link after garbage is crushed and screened, the crushed and screened garbage enters a belt feeding conveyor 20, and the air speed at a blowing nozzle 40 is an important working parameter of the winnowing machine according to a winnowing principle. The winnowing machine mainly sorts the garbage particles according to the density of the particles in a certain range.

Referring to FIGS. 1-2: the main component units of the winnowing machine comprise a fan 10, a feeding conveyor 20, a diffusion chamber 30 and a blowing nozzle 40, wherein a rotary drum 62 separating mechanism 60 is communicated between the feeding conveyor 20 and the diffusion chamber 30, and the blowing nozzle 40 is arranged between the end part of the feeding conveyor 20 and the rotary drum 62 separating mechanism 60 and is communicated with the fan 10 through an air supply pipe; the fan 10, the feeding conveyor 20, the diffusion chamber 30 and the blowing nozzle 40 are basic components of the garbage winnowing machine, the fan 10 is mainly used for providing wind power with a certain wind speed to be blown out through the blowing nozzle 40 to carry out separation operation on crushed garbage, and the wind power separation process is based on the sedimentation rule of various solid wastes in the air, so that the purposes of classification, recycling and reutilization are achieved. The diffusion chamber 30 is mainly used for settling the light garbage sorted by the blowing nozzle 40, and the discharging conveyor 100 is arranged below the diffusion chamber 30 for outputting. However, the difference between the diffusion chamber 30 in the present embodiment and the prior art is that the rotatable driving roller 110 is disposed at the discharge port of the diffusion chamber 30, and the light garbage settled on the discharge conveyor 100 is actively flattened by the rotation of the driving roller 110 and discharged to the outside, so as to prevent the light garbage from being easily expanded and accumulated.

The air classifier also includes a drum 52 mechanism 50, and referring to fig. 3, the drum 52 mechanism 50 is one of the core parts of the intelligent product design:

the main body of the drum 52 pressing mechanism 50 is arranged on the upper side of the feeding conveyor 20, and the drum 52 pressing mechanism mainly comprises a support frame 51, a drum 52, a displacement sensor 53 and a slide block 54, wherein the drum 52 is arranged above the feeding conveyor 20 in parallel at intervals, the slide block 54 can be connected to the support frame 51 in an up-and-down sliding manner, two ends of the drum 52 are connected to the slide block 54 in a rotating manner, a motor is arranged in the drum 52, and the drum 52 presses the crushed garbage conveyed by the feeding conveyor 20 to a certain degree through the self weight. The displacement sensor 53 is used for acquiring the sliding displacement of the slider 54, and since the slider 54 is integrated with the rotating shaft of the pressing drum 52, the displacement of the pressing drum 52 pressing the garbage is acquired. The fluffy garbage is pressed to a certain distance by the self weight of the pressing drum 52 to achieve the effect of compaction, the displacement sensor 53 can obtain a displacement of the pressing drum 52, so that the cross sectional area of the garbage on the feeding conveyor 20 in unit time can be obtained, and the volume of the garbage in unit time can be obtained by integration according to the continuously changed cross sectional area.

The feeding conveyor 20 is provided with a speed detector 70 for detecting the speed of the belt, a group of flat carrier rollers 80 are arranged at intervals under the belt on the upper side of the feeding conveyor, the bottom of each flat carrier roller 80 is connected with a weighing sensor 90, and when the feeding conveyor is used, garbage passes through the bearing surface of the flat carrier roller 80 provided with the weighing detector under the belt, and the mass transport volume of the garbage at the moment is obtained by combining the speed of the belt detected by the speed sensor. In the volume of waste obtained according to the above, according to the density formula: ρ = m/V makes it possible to obtain the density of the corresponding portion of the waste.

Wherein, install the air velocity transducer in the supply-air duct, the air velocity transducer is used for monitoring the wind speed that sends out through the blow gun 40, and fan 10 is equipped with variable frequency speed control unit, and variable frequency speed control unit adopts the programmable converter. When the density of the garbage falling and blown away through the feeding conveyor 20 is obtained, the automatic wind speed can be adjusted to the speed for separating the light material density by performing frequency conversion adjustment on the fan 10.

In addition, the driving roller 110 is additionally arranged outside the diffusion chamber 30, so that the gas in the diffusion chamber 30 can be reduced to be discharged to the outside, and a more closed negative pressure environment is provided; meanwhile, a speed detector 70 for detecting the belt speed is also installed on the discharging conveyor 100, a group of flat carrier rollers 80 are arranged at intervals under the belt on the upper side of the discharging conveyor, the bottom of each flat carrier roller 80 is connected with a weighing sensor 90, the calculation mode is consistent with that of the feeding conveyor 20, the density and the flow of light materials can be obtained by using the collected information of the speed detector 70 and the weighing sensors 90, a closed-loop internal feedback mechanism is formed, the automatically adjusted air speed is corrected, and the sorting purity is further improved.

Referring to fig. 4-6, specifically, the separating mechanism 60 of the rotating drum 62 includes a box 61, a rotating drum 62 and a speed reduction driving motor 63, the box 61 is a box 61 which is through from front to back and is used for communicating front and back working units, the rotating drum 62 is rotatably connected to the box 61, a blanking port 64 is opened at the bottom of the box 61 located at the front side of the rotating drum 62, and the speed reduction driving motor 63 is linked with the rotating drum 62.

The specific garbage separation process comprises the following steps: the garbage falls into the rotary drum 62 of the rotary drum 62 separation mechanism 60 and is scattered, then the garbage is separated by the airflow of the blowing nozzle 40, and the separated heavy materials directly fall to a heavy material collecting position below through a blanking port 64; the light materials are brought into the diffusion chamber 30 along with the air flow, the air flow is diffused in the diffusion chamber 30, and then the light materials after the separation of the air and the materials fall onto the discharging conveyor 100 due to gravity and then are output out of the diffusion chamber 30.

Specifically, the speed detector 70 in this embodiment is a prior art product, and includes a wheel-type speed counter mounted on the conveyor belt and a controller. The flat idler 80 is connected to the idler support frame 51, and the idler support frame 51 is fixed to the detection surface of the S-shaped load cell 90. Wherein, the support frame 51 is fixed on the support plate 120, the two sides of the support frame 51 are vertically fixed with the slide rails 55, a slide groove matched with the slide block 54 is formed between the slide rails 55, the main body of the displacement sensor 53 is fixed on the support frame 51, and the outer end of the pull rod of the displacement sensor 53 is fixedly connected with the slide block 54.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, it is preferable that a plurality of air suction boxes 31 are distributed on the top of the diffusion chamber 30, a ventilation duct 32 is communicated with the air suction boxes 31, the blower 10 is communicated with the inside of the diffusion chamber 30 through the ventilation duct 32, and an electric valve 33 is provided on the ventilation duct 32. The plurality of air suction boxes 31 are matched with the communication design of the fan 10, so that the diffusion chamber 30 can be always kept in a negative pressure air suction environment, the light materials and air are separated better, and the light materials can fall conveniently. Meanwhile, the negative pressure induced draft can prevent the gas inside from leaking to the outside of the diffusion chamber 30, and reduce the pollution to the gas outside the equipment. The air partially sucked back through the ventilation duct 32 is treated by a subsequent dust removing device and then discharged.

Meanwhile, in the scheme, the scraper plate 65 is fixed below the rotary drum 62 in an inclined manner, a knife edge on the upper side of the scraper plate 65 is close to the rotary drum 62, and the scraper plate 65 is designed to be matched with the rotary drum 62 in a rotatable manner, so that attachments on the surface of the rotary drum 62 can be scraped conveniently.

Further, the blowing nozzle 40 is designed in the scheme, and the angle can be adjusted within 0-90 degrees. The angle of the feeding conveyor 20 and the angle of the air blowing nozzle 40 can be adjusted by 0-90 degrees, and the feeding angle and the angle of the blowing nozzle 40 can be flexibly adjusted according to the components of materials, so that the expected winnowing effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the distance between the blowing nozzle 40 and the rotary drum 62 is adjustable, so that a better air separation effect is achieved.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent garbage winnowing machine comprises a fan, a feeding conveyor, a diffusion chamber and a blowing nozzle, wherein a rotary drum separating mechanism is communicated between the feeding conveyor and the diffusion chamber, and the blowing nozzle is arranged between the end part of the feeding conveyor and the rotary drum separating mechanism and communicated with the fan through an air supply pipe; it is characterized by also comprising:

the drum pressing mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the feeding conveyor and mainly comprises a support frame, a drum pressing body, a displacement sensor and a sliding block, the drum pressing body is arranged above the feeding conveyor at a parallel interval, the sliding block can be connected to the support frame in an up-and-down sliding mode, two ends of the drum pressing body are connected to the sliding block in a rotating mode, and the displacement sensor is used for acquiring the sliding displacement of the sliding block.

2. A speed detector for detecting the speed of the belt is installed on the feeding conveyor, a group of flat carrier rollers are arranged on the upper side of the feeding conveyor at intervals below the belt, and the bottom of each flat carrier roller is connected with a weighing sensor;

the air supply pipeline is internally provided with an air speed sensor, the air speed sensor is used for monitoring the air speed sent out by the blowing nozzle, and the fan is provided with a variable frequency speed regulation unit.

3. The intelligent garbage air separator according to claim 1, wherein a discharging conveyor is arranged at the lower side of the diffusion chamber, and a rotatable driving roller is arranged at the discharging port of the diffusion chamber.

4. The intelligent garbage winnowing machine of claim 1, wherein a plurality of air suction boxes are distributed on the top of the diffusion chamber, the air suction boxes are communicated with a ventilation pipeline, the ventilation pipeline is used for communicating the fan with the inside of the diffusion chamber, and the ventilation pipeline is provided with an electric valve.

5. The intelligent garbage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the drum separating mechanism comprises a box body, a drum and a speed reduction driving motor, the box body is a box body with a front part and a rear part communicated with each other, the drum is rotatably connected to the box body, a blanking port is formed in the bottom of the box body on the front side of the drum, and the speed reduction driving motor is linked with the drum.

6. The intelligent garbage winnowing machine of claim 4, wherein a scraping plate is fixed obliquely below the rotary drum, and a knife edge on the upper side of the scraping plate is close to the rotary drum.

7. The intelligent trash air separator of claim 1, wherein the angle of the blowing nozzle is adjustable within 0-90 °.

8. The intelligent garbage winnowing machine of claim 1, wherein the support frame is fixed on the support plate, slide rails are vertically fixed on two sides of the support frame, a sliding groove matched with the sliding block is formed between the slide rails, the main body of the displacement sensor is fixed on the support frame, and the outer end of a pull rod of the displacement sensor is fixedly connected with the sliding block.