CN115137836A - 一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系及其制备方法,所述体系包括与缺血心肌特异结合的特异肽段和碳量子点靶向线粒体药物,所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物为碳量子点、线粒体特异性结合体和药物分子的结合物。本发明通过免疫反应,特异肽段识别的主动靶向技术将双靶向药物聚集到缺血心肌;利用缺血心肌细胞的PH变化特点,使胶体体系的分解,其中包裹碳量子点药物的释放,实现对缺血心肌的二次选择;碳量子点靶向线粒体药物在线粒体荧光探针的作用下向线粒体聚集最终实现双靶向。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料化学和基础医学技术领域,特别是涉及一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系及其制备方法。
背景技术
心肌缺血/再灌注损伤是临床常见的病理生理过程,严重影响心肌梗死患者的生存和愈后。线粒体损伤是加重心肌再灌注损伤的重要因素。因此,减轻线粒体损伤是目前抗心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的研究热点之一。实验研究普遍认为腺苷及其类似物可能是最具潜力的抗心肌再灌注损伤药物,但是临床应用效果欠佳。我们的实验研究也发现腺苷A2受体活化能够减轻再灌注诱发的心肌线粒体损伤,但是随着再灌时间的延长,这种保护作用显著减弱。探究其原因可能是由于腺苷受体在机体组织细胞的普遍存在,产生了较强的非特异性损伤作用。因此,探寻靶向缺血心肌线粒体的腺苷A2受体激动剂及其类似物,将有助于今后对心肌再灌注损伤机制的研究和为研发疗效特异显著,副作用小的抗再灌注损伤药物提供依据。
近年来,随着纳米技术的发展,纳米药物逐渐成为生物工程和材料化学研究的热点。越来越多的研究表明,纳米技术在人类重大疾病的预防、诊断和治疗中具有巨大潜能。利用纳米技术实现靶向治疗的研究主要集中在抗肿瘤领域,基于肿瘤细胞和正常细胞在基因和受体(如叶酸受体、Her2受体、转铁蛋白受体等)表达上有巨大差异,人们通过纳米分子和相应的配体(如抗体、小分子药物)结合实现了肿瘤的靶向治疗。然而,针对心肌的靶向纳米药物的研发仍在起步阶段。
CN201810204359.9《一种构建序级靶向缺血心肌细胞线粒体载药纳米胶束的方法》首先构建TPP-PEG-PE嵌段共聚物,并通过其与PEG-PE以及药物通过薄膜水化法制备载药胶体束。该载体利用缺血心肌对PEG的高通透性和滞留效应将药物聚集在缺血心肌,并利用TPP的靶向线粒体作用,将药物带到缺血心肌线粒体。
该发明利用缺血组织的高通透性和滞留效应将药物聚集在缺血心肌的被动靶向而非与缺血心肌的特异识别的主动靶向,其特异性降低;另外,药物直径在10-100nm,而线粒体直径约0.5-1μm,药物直径较大,药物与线粒体之间的作用不能充分发挥。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术中存在载药体系针对缺血心肌细胞线粒体靶向效果差的技术缺陷,而提供一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系。
本发明的另一个目的是提供所述体系的制备方法。
为实现本发明的目的所采用的技术方案是:
一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系,包括与缺血心肌特异结合的特异肽段和碳量子点靶向线粒体药物,所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物为碳量子点、线粒体特异性结合体和药物分子的结合物。
在上述技术方案中,所述特异肽段与P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]结合形成胶体束,所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物包裹于所述胶体束内;
或者,所述特异肽段直接连接至所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物中的碳量子点上。
在上述技术方案中,所述线粒体特异性结合体为线粒体探针TMRE或者线粒体外膜标志蛋白TOM20的特异抗体。
在上述技术方案中,所述药物分子为生物肽类药物、培朵普利或非选择性腺苷A2受体激动剂CV1808。
在上述技术方案中,所述特异肽段为GGGGYDRVTIHPF短肽段。
本发明的另一方面,一种靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,合成碳量子点靶向线粒体药物:
S1,线粒体特异性结合体结合至所述C-Dots的氨基;
S2,药物分子的氨基和C-Dots的羧基发生反应,结合形成所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物;
步骤2,特异肽段直接连接至步骤1合成的所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物中的碳量子点上;
或者,步骤2,所述特异肽段与P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]结合形成胶体束,在交联化合物的作用下,步骤1合成的所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物包裹在所述胶体束内。
在上述技术方案中,在S1中,
当线粒体特异性结合体为TMRE时,S1为:TMRE于酸性条件下,加热水解生成TMRE-COOH,再连接到C-Dots的氨基上形成C-Dots-TMRE;
当线粒体特异性结合体为线粒体外膜标志蛋白TOM20的特异抗体时,S1为:TOM20的特异抗体于酸性条件下,加热水解生成TOM20的特异抗体-COOH,再连接到C-Dots的氨基上形成C-Dots-TOM20的特异抗体。
在上述技术方案中,所述步骤1中,当线粒体特异性结合体为TMRE,药物分子为CV1808时,S2的具体制备步骤是:将C-Dots-TMRE、EDC和sulfo-NHS溶于DMSO中,在氮气保护下室温反应,将CV1808加入上述反应物中,混合液在室温和避光的条件下反应,然后用截留分子量为100Da的透析袋透析,透析完成后,冷冻干燥得到固体的C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808。
在上述技术方案中,所述步骤2中,胶体束是通过将P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]与短肽段HN2-GGGGYDRVTIHPF-COOH通过缩合反应合成得到,然后将C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808溶于DMSO,加入用甲醇溶解的胶体束和交联化合物,优选的,所述交联化合物为U-(CH2)6-U,之后缓慢加入双蒸水,搅拌后用去离子水透析,合成得到双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系。
在上述技术方案中,所述C-Dots的合成步骤为:将柠檬酸水溶液在快速磁力搅拌下加入乙二胺,将溶解好的澄清混合溶液在微波下处理,等其冷却至室温后,将得到的泡沫状的固体用水溶解并装入截留分子量MWCO为100的透析袋中透析,收集透析袋中的溶液,浓缩,再用无水乙醇沉淀,真空干燥。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1.通过免疫反应,特异肽段识别的主动靶向技术将双靶向药物聚集到缺血心肌;
2.利用缺血心肌细胞的PH变化特点,使胶体体系的分解,其中包裹碳量子点药物的释放,实现对缺血心肌的二次选择;
3.碳量子点靶向线粒体药物在线粒体荧光探针的作用下向线粒体聚集最终实现双靶向。
附图说明
图1为本发明方法路线图。
图2为C-Dots结构示意图
图3为不同线粒体探针对线粒体结构和功能的影响结果图。
图4为激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测氧化应激诱发的线粒体膜电位损伤图。
图5为TMRE-COOH结构式。
图6为C-Dots-TMRE示意图。
图7为CV1808结构式和C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808示意图。
图8为靶向缺血心肌线粒体的非选择性腺苷A2受体激动剂MV1808合成结构图。
图9为实施例2的体系结构图。
图10为实施例3的体系结构图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种基于碳量子点靶向缺血心肌线粒体的胶束体系的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)C-Dots(碳量子点或碳点)的合成:在100mL烧杯中称取1g柠檬酸并加入10mL水使之溶解,在快速磁力搅拌下加入100mg乙二胺。搅拌15分钟后,取出磁力搅拌子,将装有溶解好的澄清混合溶液的烧杯放入微波炉中,在微波功率700W下处理3min。然后取出烧杯,等其冷却至室温后,将得到的红棕色泡沫状的固体用水溶解并装入截留分子量MWCO为100的透析袋中透析三天,期间每隔8小时左右换一次水。最后,收集透析袋中的红棕色溶液,浓缩,再用无水乙醇沉淀,真空干燥,得固体产物碳点0.9g,产率为70%(C-Dots结构如图2所示)。
(2)TMRE-COOH的合成
四甲基罗丹明乙酯(Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester,TMRE)是一种对细胞通透的,无毒性的阳离子线粒体探针,与其他线粒体荧光探针相比,TMRE对线粒体的结构和功能影响最弱(如图3所示),易于被线粒体捕获,适宜对细胞线粒体进行动静态的观测(如图4所示)。
为了将TMRE连接到C-Dots上,我们首先将TMRE于酸性条件下,加热水解生成TMRE-COOH(结构式见附图5)。
(3)C-Dots-TMRE合成
将线粒体靶向探针TMRE,结合到C-Dots的氨基上,形成C-Dots-TMRE。取100mL的圆底烧瓶,称取300mg碳点并溶于40mL的DMSO得到棕红色澄清液体,依次加入1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)552mg,硫代-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(Sulfo-NHS)552mg,室温下反应1小时。将TMRE-COOH(100mg),溶于10mL DMSO和150微升的三乙胺中,并将得到的溶液滴加到上述反应液中。混合液在室温下继续反应48小时。反应后的固体通过加入大量的丙酮溶液沉淀析出,离心分离,然后分别用甲醇、乙醇洗涤三次,离心分离,将所得固体用少量去离子水水溶解透析48小时。透析完成后,冷冻干燥得到C-Dots-TMRE固体产物(见附图6)用透射电子显微镜确定产物粒径及形态,用QE-2100量子效率测量系统,在激发波长543nm下测定产物产率。
(4)C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808合成
CV1808结合到C-Dots-TMRE上,形成C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808(参见附图7)。
将100mg的Cdot-TMRE、EDC(192mg)和sulfo-NHS(212mg)溶于10mL的DMSO中,置于50mL的两口圆底烧瓶并在氮气保护下室温反应1小时,将CV1808(1mM)加入上述圆底烧瓶中。混合液在室温和避光的条件下反应24小时,然后用截留分子量为100Da的透析袋透析4天。透析完成后,冷冻干燥得到固体的C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808,通过1H NMR和MS对产物表征进行测实,进一步确定实际化合物与理论目标化合物是否一致。用动态光散射和透射电子显微镜确定其粒径。
将C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808用DMSO溶解后加入到完全DMEM培养基,并用此培养基培养提前标记了Mitotracker Green的心肌H9c2细胞,用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜分别用543nm和488nm激发,最大发射光分别为574nm和516nm,采集图像,以此确定该碳离子点靶向线粒体药物的线粒体特异性。
(5)P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]-缺血短肽段
GGGGYDRVTIHPF短肽段能够与缺血心肌高表达蛋白特异识别,实现靶向缺血心肌运输的目的。根据已有方法(合成方法参考Fan J.et al.,Biomacromolecules,2012)。合成构建此聚合物所需底物:P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)](请见图8)。将P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)],与短肽段HN2-GGGGYDRVTIHPF-COOH通过缩合反应生成P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]-缺血短肽段聚合物。通过1H NMR和MS对产物表征进行测实,进一步确定实际化合物与理论目标化合物是否一致。用动态光散射和透射电子显微镜确定其粒径。
(6)双靶向胶束体系的制备
C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808溶于DMSO,加入用甲醇溶解的P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]-缺血短肽段和交联化合物(U-(CH2)6-U)。之后缓慢加入10ml双蒸水,搅拌8小时,然后用去离子水透析24小时。合成过程如图8所示。通过1H NMR和MS对产物表征进行测实,进一步确定实际化合物与理论目标化合物是否一致。用动态光散射和透射电子显微镜确定其粒径。
依照本发明内容进行工艺参数调整,均可制备本发明的基于碳量子点靶向缺血心肌线粒体的胶束体系,并表现出与实施例1基本一致的性能。
实施例2:
与实施例1不同的是,本实施例中:实现靶向线粒体功能的线粒体探针TMRE(物理作用、电荷吸引)可以用例如线粒体外膜标志蛋白TOM20等线粒体蛋白(分子识别作用)的特异抗体代替,该蛋白通过抗原抗体反应与线粒体结合。同时构建具有自发荧光特性的C-Dots实现对药物的追踪功能。
实施例3:
与实施例1和实施例2不同的是,本实施例中:将与缺血心肌识别的缺血短肽段直接连接到C-Dots上,当其与缺血心肌细胞结合时,利用线粒体膜蛋白的运输功能,促进药物进入细胞,并向线粒体运输,使药物利用效率提高。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出的是,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系,其特征在于,包括与缺血心肌特异结合的特异肽段和碳量子点靶向线粒体药物,所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物为碳量子点、线粒体特异性结合体和药物分子的结合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系,其特征在于,所述特异肽段与P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]结合形成胶体束,所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物包裹于所述胶体束内;
或者,所述特异肽段直接连接至所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物中的碳量子点上。
3.如权利要求1所述的基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系,其特征在于,所述线粒体特异性结合体为线粒体探针TMRE或者线粒体外膜标志蛋白TOM20的特异抗体。
4.如权利要求1所述的基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系,其特征在于,所述药物分子为生物肽类药物、培朵普利或非选择性腺苷A2受体激动剂CV1808。
5.如权利要求1所述的基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系,其特征在于,所述特异肽段为GGGGYDRVTIHPF短肽段。
6.一种基于碳量子点的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,合成碳量子点靶向线粒体药物:
S1,线粒体特异性结合体结合至C-Dots的氨基;
S2,药物分子的氨基和C-Dots的羧基发生反应,结合形成所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物;
步骤2,特异肽段直接连接至步骤1合成的所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物中的碳量子点上;
或者,步骤2,所述特异肽段与P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]结合形成胶体束,在交联化合物的作用下,步骤1合成的所述碳量子点靶向线粒体药物包裹在所述胶体束内。
7.如权利要求6所述的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系的制备方法,其特征在于,在S1中,
当线粒体特异性结合体为TMRE时,S1为:TMRE于酸性条件下,加热水解生成TMRE-COOH,再连接到C-Dots的氨基上形成C-Dots-TMRE;
当线粒体特异性结合体为线粒体外膜标志蛋白TOM20的特异抗体时,S1为:TOM20的特异抗体于酸性条件下,加热水解生成TOM20的特异抗体-COOH,再连接到C-Dots的氨基上形成C-Dots-TOM20的特异抗体。
8.如权利要求6所述的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中,当线粒体特异性结合体为TMRE,药物分子为CV1808时,S2的具体制备步骤是:将C-Dots-TMRE、EDC和sulfo-NHS溶于DMSO中,在氮气保护下室温反应,将CV1808加入上述反应物中,混合液在室温和避光的条件下反应,然后用截留分子量为100Da的透析袋透析,透析完成后,冷冻干燥得到固体的C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808。
9.如权利要求6所述的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中,胶体束是通过将P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]与短肽段HN2-GGGGYDRVTIHPF-COOH通过缩合反应合成得到,然后将C-Dots-TMRE-CV1808溶于DMSO,加入用甲醇溶解的胶体束和交联化合物,优选的,所述交联化合物为U-(CH2)6-U,之后缓慢加入双蒸水,搅拌后用去离子水透析,合成得到双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系。
10.如权利要求6所述的双靶向缺血心肌线粒体的体系的制备方法,其特征在于,其特征在于,所述C-Dots的合成步骤为:将柠檬酸水溶液在快速磁力搅拌下加入乙二胺,将溶解好的澄清混合溶液在微波下处理,等其冷却至室温后,将得到的泡沫状的固体用水溶解并装入截留分子量MWCO为100的透析袋中透析,收集透析袋中的溶液,浓缩,再用无水乙醇沉淀,真空干燥。
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SUN YH等: "The Effects of Different Fluorescent Indicators in Observing the Changes of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential during Oxidative Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Injury of Cardiac H9c2 Cells", 《JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE》, vol. 30, no. 6, pages 1421 - 1430, XP037284697, DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02623-x * |
Cited By (1)
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CN115975639A (zh) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-18 | 广东省科学院微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心) | 一种靶向线粒体的长波长发光碳点及其制备方法 |
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