CN115124582B - 一种抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115124582B CN115124582B CN202210723652.2A CN202210723652A CN115124582B CN 115124582 B CN115124582 B CN 115124582B CN 202210723652 A CN202210723652 A CN 202210723652A CN 115124582 B CN115124582 B CN 115124582B
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Classifications
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/46—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom rings with more than six members
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9‑二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物及其制备方法与应用。本发明首次发现草酸青霉菌对立枯丝核菌具有较好的抑制作用,并通过活性追踪分离技术,进一步证明草酸青霉菌发酵液中抗立枯丝核菌的主要功效物质是一种新型十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A,含量为1.70µg/mL,抑菌活性MIC为10µg/mL。本发明为新骨架化合物oxalactam A提供了新的来源,同时为大环内酰胺类化合物用于抗立枯丝核菌生物农药开发提供了实验依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物及其制备方法与应用,属于农业领域。
背景技术
立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani属于半知菌亚门丝孢纲(Hyphomycetes)无孢目(Agonomycetales)无孢科(Agonomycetaceae)丝核菌属(Rhizoctonia),是一种寄主范围广、腐生性强、全世界广泛分布的植物土传病原真菌。该菌不产生无性孢子,通常以菌丝和菌核的形态习居于土壤,是最具破坏力的植物病原菌之一,可侵染43科263种植物引起严重病害,寄主植物主要包括豆科(大豆、紫花苜蓿、箭筈豌豆及红豆草等)、禾本科(小麦、水稻及玉米等)、锦葵科(棉花)和藜科(甜菜)等具有重要经济价值的农作物,另外中药种植过程中也常见立枯丝核菌影响,受影响的中药包括人参、桔梗和太子参等。立枯丝核菌根腐病发病初期根部产生淡褐色病斑,随着病情加重根部逐渐腐烂。严重时病斑扩大并深入根茎内部,呈褐色、深褐色至黑色,最后病根呈水渍状腐烂至死。该病害造成植物产量和品质严重下降,限制产业发展。其中立枯丝核菌引起的水稻纹枯病是水稻三大病害之一,主要危害水稻的叶鞘和叶片,严重时也危害稻穗和茎秆,水稻纹枯病发生严重时常导致植株倒伏或整丛枯死,使水稻产量损失10%~30%,严重时高达50%左右;另外立枯丝核菌引起的人参立枯病是人参种植当中高发病之一,是人参苗期主要病害,主要危害幼苗茎基部或地下根部,导致幼苗萎蔫及茎基腐烂,在低温多雨的情况下,人参立枯病发展迅速,常年发病率为8%~32%,严重时可达40%,造成参苗成片死亡。目前对于立枯丝核菌最有效的防治手段是化学防治,多菌灵、甲基立枯灵、福美霜、咯菌腈、甲霜灵、氟乐灵、甲基立枯磷、戊菌隆等传统化学杀菌剂均可显著降低立枯丝核菌对植物幼苗的浸染率,但是化学药剂的过量使用会对土壤及水资源造成严重污染,因此亟需开发新型绿色生物农药运用于农作物和中药植物保护领域。
草酸青霉菌Penicillium oxalicum是半知菌纲壳霉目杯霉科真菌,不仅可以用于防治农业种植过程的病虫害、促进植物生长,还可以用于治理环境污染,如治理废水、降解重金属、处理农药残留、降解塑料等,除此之外草酸青霉菌还可以用于生产纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、菊粉酶、果胶酶等用于工业发展。特别是在抗植物致病菌方面应用潜力突出,可防治田间核盘菌、赤星病菌、尖孢镰刀菌、腐皮镰孢菌、炭疽病菌、软腐病菌、黑斑病菌以及溃疡病菌在内的多种植物致病菌引起的植物病害,然而未见其在抗立枯丝核菌方面的研究报道。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是:本发明提供一种新型十六元大环内酰胺的制备方法及其在抗立枯丝核菌生物农药中的应用,制得的oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌有较强的抑制作用,在体外的抑菌活性MIC为10μg/mL,在草酸青霉菌发酵液中含量为1.70μg/mL,为开发新型抗立枯丝核菌生物农药提供参考。
1、一种抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物,其特征在于,它包括如下结构通式的化合物:
其中R1、R2、R3均可为氢、酰基、糖基、烷基、环烷基、烷基芳基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、杂环基或糖;
作为优选方案,以上所述的抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物,其特征在于,R1为葡萄糖、鼠李糖、甘露糖或1~3个糖构成的低聚糖。
作为更加优选方案,以上所述的抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物,其结构式为:
本发明所述的抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)采用平板划线法将草酸青霉菌转接到马铃薯葡萄糖固体培养基活化,置于恒温培养箱培养至菌株长满平板后,用灭过菌的接种环挑取少量孢子,接种于装有马铃薯葡萄糖液体培养基的锥形瓶中,于摇床振荡培养,作为种子液;
选取液体发酵培养基进行发酵,接种种子液,置于恒温振荡器动态发酵培养;
(2)将步骤(1)中发酵产物进行处理,采用抽滤法分离菌丝体跟发酵液,发酵液用等量乙酸乙酯萃取,合并萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位I;将菌丝体粉碎,用乙醇过夜浸提,提取液减压浓缩至无醇味,加适量水分散,再用等量乙酸乙酯萃取,合并萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位II,将浓缩部位I和浓缩部位II合并为乙酸乙酯部位样品;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的乙酸乙酯部位,拌硅后,采用干法上样硅胶装柱,然后用二氯甲烷/甲醇体系梯度洗脱,洗脱液结合TLC和UPLC分析,共合并为8个组分Fr.1~Fr.8;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的流分Fr.6经MCI反相中压制备柱层析,分离得到Fr.6-1~Fr.6-8,取其中的组分Fr.6-8采用碳酸钠处理后经硅胶柱层析分离,得到含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物。
作为更优的方案,本发明所述的抗立枯丝核菌的含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)采用平板划线法将保存于4℃冰箱的草酸青霉菌转接到马铃薯葡萄糖固体培养基活化,置于28℃恒温培养箱培养至菌株长满平板后,用灭过菌的接种环挑取少量孢子,接种于装有100mL马铃薯葡萄糖液体培养基的250mL锥形瓶中,于28℃、160rpm的摇床振荡培养1天,作为种子液。根据课题组前期研究结果,选取液体发酵培养基(20g葡萄糖、8g可溶性淀粉、5g蛋白胨、2g酵母膏、2g氯化钠、2g碳酸钙、0.5g硫酸镁、0.5g磷酸氢二钾,1L蒸馏水,pH自然)进行发酵,以2%的接种量接种种子液,并置于28℃、160rpm的恒温振荡器动态发酵培养3-4天;
(2)将步骤(1)中发酵产物进行处理,采用抽滤法分离菌丝体跟发酵液,发酵液用等量乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次萃取液,减压浓缩,菌丝体用家用榨汁机粉碎,80%乙醇过夜浸提3次,提取液减压浓缩至无醇味,加适量水分散,再用等量乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次萃取液,减压浓缩,将两部分浓缩样品合并为乙酸乙酯部位样品。
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的乙酸乙酯部位,按样品:硅胶=1:1.5拌样,采用干法上样3倍量硅胶装柱(30cm×5cm),柱体积600mL,用二氯甲烷/甲醇体系梯度洗脱(V/V100:0→0:100),洗脱液结合TLC和UPLC分析,共合并为8个组分Fr.1~Fr.8。
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的流分Fr.6经MCI反相中压制备柱层析,以纯水(A)-甲醇(B)为流动相梯度洗脱,洗脱梯度:0.00~30.00min,10%-10%B;30.00~60.00min,15%-15%B;60.00~90.00min,20%-20%B;90.00~120.00min,25%-25%B;120.00~150.00min,30%-30%B;150.00~180.00min,35%-35%B;180.00~210.00min,40%-40%B;210.00~240.00min,45%-45%B;240.00~270.00min,50%-50%B;270.00~290.00min,60%-60%B;290.00~300.00min,70%-70%B;300.00~310.00min,80%-80%B;310.00~370.00min,100%-100%B;流速25mL/min分离得到Fr.6-1~Fr.6-8,组分Fr.6-8采用碳酸钠处理后经硅胶柱层析分离,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1等度洗脱,得到含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物,并命名为oxalactam A。
本发明的十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A具有2,9-dimethyl-azacyclohexadecane母核,是一种新碳骨架类型,且在草酸青霉菌发酵液中含量为1.70μg/mL,来源丰富,可开发为制备抗立枯丝核菌生物农药的潜力。
本发明首次从草酸青霉菌发酵液中发现新型十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A,并提供了该新化合物的提取分离技术、结构鉴定方法和抗立枯丝核菌生物农药方面的用途。
有益效果
(1)本发明在于提供一种具有抗立枯丝核菌作用的新型含2,9-二甲基十六元大环内酰胺母核的衍生物oxalactam A及其制备方法。
(2)本发明首次发现草酸青霉菌对立枯丝核菌具有较好的抑制作用,在体外的抑菌活性MIC为10μg/mL,并进一步证实草酸青霉菌发酵液中的主要功效物质是十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A。
(3)本发明首次发现化合物十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A在草酸青霉菌发酵液中含量为1.70μg/mL,为开发新型抗立枯丝核菌生物农药提供了新来源。
附图说明
图1.十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的1H-NMR谱
图2十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的13C-NMR谱
图3.十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的DEPT135谱
图4十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的1H-1H COSY谱
图5.十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的HSQC谱
图6十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的HMBC谱
图7十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的NOESY谱
图8.十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的UV谱
图9.十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的(+)-HR-ESI-MS谱
图10.十六元大环内酰胺oxalactam A的1H-1H COSY和HMBC关键信号。
图11为化合物oxalactam A与单糖衍生化后的保留时间对比色谱图。
图12.化合物oxalactam A四种构型的“计算-实验碳化学位移”线性回归图。
图13化合物oxalactam A的实测ECD谱图和oxalactam A及其对映异构体的计算ECD谱图。
图14不同浓度化合物oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌的生长抑制情况。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的具体的物料配比、工艺条件及其结果仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1
1.仪器与材料
1.1实验仪器
本发明所用主要仪器如表1所示:
表1.
1.2实验材料
WatersACQUITYUPLC BEH C18(2.1mm×100mm,1.7μm)色谱柱;MCI GEL(CHP20/P120),柱色谱硅胶(200~300目);色谱级乙腈、甲醇和甲酸购自美国默克公司,分析级乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷、甲醇、乙醇等购自南京化学试剂有限公司。草酸青霉菌是从西非茶茱萸科茶茱萸属植物毛花茶茱萸中分离得到的,该菌株由上海生工生物工程股份有限公司鉴定的。
2.实验方法
2.1草酸青霉菌发酵样品的制备
2.1.1草酸青霉菌发酵液的制备
采用平板划线法将保存于4℃冰箱的草酸青霉菌转接到马铃薯葡萄糖固体培养基活化,置于28℃恒温培养箱培养至菌株长满平板后,用灭过菌的接种环挑取少量孢子,接种于装有100mL马铃薯葡萄糖液体培养基的250mL锥形瓶中,于28℃、160rpm的摇床振荡培养1天,作为种子液。选取液体发酵培养基(20g葡萄糖、8g可溶性淀粉、5g蛋白胨、2g酵母膏、2g氯化钠、2g碳酸钙、0.5g硫酸镁、0.5g磷酸氢二钾,1L蒸馏水,pH自然)进行发酵,以2%的接种量接种种子液,并置于28℃、160rpm的恒温振荡器动态发酵培养3-4天,共发酵82L。
2.1.2化合物oxalactam A的制备
采用抽滤法分离菌丝体跟发酵液,发酵液用等量乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位I;菌丝体用家用榨汁机粉碎,80%乙醇过夜浸提3次,提取液减压浓缩至无醇味,加适量水分散,再用等量乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位II,将浓缩部位I和浓缩部位II合并为乙酸乙酯部位样品。
取乙酸乙酯部位样品,按样品:硅胶=1:1.5拌样,采用干法上样3倍量硅胶装柱(30cm×5cm),柱体积600mL,用二氯甲烷/甲醇体系梯度洗脱(V/V 100:0→0:100),洗脱液结合TLC(展开剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1,显色剂:10%硫酸乙醇溶液)和UPLC分析(仪器:ACQUITY UHPLC超高效液相色谱仪,色谱柱:ACQUITYUHPLC C18(2.1×100mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,进样量:2μL,流速:0.4mL/min,以0.1%甲酸-水(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相梯度洗脱,洗脱梯度:0.00~10.00min,5%-100%B;10.00~11.00min,100%-5%B;11.00~12.00min,5%-5%B,检测器:PDA,检测波长:254nm),共合并为8个组分Fr.1~Fr.8。
取其中的流分Fr.6经MCI反相中压制备柱层析,以纯水(A)-甲醇(B)为流动相梯度洗脱,洗脱梯度:0.01~30.00min,10%-10%B;30.00~60.00min,15%-15%B;60.00~90.00min,20%-20%B;90.00~120.00min,25%-25%B;120.00~150.00min,30%-30%B;150.00~180.00min,35%-35%B;180.00~210.00min,40%-40%B;210.00~240.00min,45%-45%B;240.00~270.00min,50%-50%B;270.00~290.00min,60%-60%B;290.00~300.00min,70%-70%B;300.00~310.00min,80%-80%B;310.00~370.00min,100%-100%B;流速25mL/min分离得到Fr.6-1~Fr.6-8,取组分Fr.6-8采用碳酸钠处理后经硅胶柱层析分离,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1等度洗脱,得到化合物1oxalactam A。
oxalactam A的鉴定:经核磁共振及高分辨质谱分析鉴定化合物为oxalactam A。化合物结构如下:
通过NMR、化学反应、13C NMR-DP4+计算、ECD计算等方法确定化合物oxalactam A的绝对构型。图1-9提供化合物oxalactam A的1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT135、1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC、NOESY、UV、(+)HR-ESI-MS,并提供了化合物oxalactam A的关键1H-1H COSY和HMBC信号图,见图10。
化合物oxalactam A:淡黄色粉末,[α]2D0+2.000(0.1mg/mL,甲醇),(+)HR-ESI-MSm/z 518.4973[M+HCOOH+H]+(calcd.forC24H40NO11 +,518.2601)。1H-NMR和13C-NMR谱图数据见表2。
表2.1H[δ,mult,(J in Hz)]and 13C NMR(1H:500MHz,13C:125MHz)
化合物oxalactam A的糖苷键水解:为了确定化合物oxalactam A中葡萄糖的绝对构型,将oxalactam A进行酶水解。称取1mg化合物oxalactam A用少量二甲基亚砜溶解,再加1mL纯水混合,称取5mg纤维素酶用5mL纯水溶解,将两者混合,置于37℃,180rpm的恒温振荡器反应3天。反应结束后,加等体积甲醇除蛋白,先混匀后离心取上清,重复操作三次,处理后样品用旋转蒸发仪减压浓缩,并冷冻干燥,完全去除溶剂。接着进行衍生化,先加入1mL吡啶,3mg L-半胱氨酸置于60℃加热1h,再加入10μL邻甲苯异硫氰酸酯置于60℃加热1h,衍生后样品经微孔滤膜过滤,经HPLC分析,对比单糖的保留时间。
单糖的衍生化:称取D-葡萄糖和L-葡萄糖标品各1mg,先加入1mL吡啶,3mg L-半胱氨酸置于60℃加热1h,再加入10μL邻甲苯异硫氰酸酯置于60℃加热1h,衍生后样品经微孔滤膜过滤,经HPLC分析,记录保留时间。
HPLC检测条件及保留时间分析:色谱柱为Amethyst C18-H(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),采用PDA检测器,以乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸-水(B)为流动相等度洗脱,流速为0.8mL/min,进样体积为20μL,检测波长为205nm。如图11,对比三者的保留时间,发现化合物oxalactam A酶解后衍生物的保留时间(tR=21.924min)与D-葡萄糖的保留时间(tR=22.179)基本一致,推断化合物oxalactam A的糖基为D-葡萄糖。
为了确定化合物oxalactam A苷元部分的相对构型,运用Gaussian 16软件以GIAO方法在mPW1PW91/6-311G(d,p)水平甲醇中对(3R*,15S*,16S*)-oxalactam A、(3S*,15S*,16S*)-oxalactam A、(3S*,15R*,16S*)-oxalactam A和(3R*,15R*,16S*)-oxalactam A四种构型进行NMR DP4+化学计算,如图12结果发现(3R*,15S*,16S*)-oxalactam A的DP4+概率高达97.08%。
为了确定化合物oxalactam A苷元部分的绝对构型,运用Gaussian 16软件以TDDFT方法在B3LYP/6-311+G(d)水平甲醇中对(3R*,15S*,16S*)-oxalactam A和(3S*,15R*,16R*)-oxalactam A两种构型进行ECD化学计算,如图13结果发现(3R*,15S*,16S*)-oxalactam A的ECD实测谱图与计算谱图相吻合,因此化合物oxalactam A苷元部分的绝对构型为(3R,15S,16S)。
实施例2
本发明oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌的抑制作用通过如下实施例进一步详细的说明:
1.材料
1.1样品
Oxalactam A由上述实施例1制备得到,纯度大于99%。
1.2菌株
植物致病菌立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani购自北京百欧博伟生物技术有限公司。
1.3试剂
培养基和主要试剂:马铃薯葡萄糖固体培养基(PDA),多菌灵,二甲基亚砜(DMSO)。
2.方法与结果
2.1菌丝生长速率法检测化合物oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani的抑制率及最小抑菌浓度(MIC)
(1)制备含药培养基:用DMSO溶解样品,在无菌超净工作台将样品加入已经配好的温度降至60-65℃的PDA培养基,使含药培养基的终浓度为100μM,再分装到60mm塑料培养皿,紫外照射30min,待平板凝固后备用,另外用多菌灵代替样品作为阳性对照配成终浓度为100μM的含多菌灵培养基,再用等体积DMSO作为阴性对照配成空白培养基。
(2)将事先活化好的立枯丝核菌置于无菌超净工作台,利用无菌打孔器打取含菌琼脂块,将含菌琼脂块分别接种至含药培养基中央,将所有平板置于28℃恒温培养箱培养,每组重复操作3次。采用十字交叉法测量立枯丝核菌菌落直径,取平均值,按如下公式计算抑制率。
(3)同(1)操作配制含药培养基,设置浓度梯度,分别为0、5、10和20μg/mL,同(2)操作测定每个浓度的抑制率,综上得出最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。
(4)结果:结果见表3和表4。
表1. 100μM浓度下的oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌的抑制率
组别 | 抑制率(%) |
多菌灵 | 82.39±7.32 |
oxalactam A | 29.30±2.91 |
表2.不同浓度下的oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌的抑制率
浓度(μg/mL) | 0 | 5 | 10 | 20 |
抑制率(%) | 0 | -1.00±0.71 | 4.02±0.70 | 9.06±2.51 |
由以上表1和表2实验结果表明100μM的oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌的抑制率为29.30%,为了进一步考察化合物oxalactam A对立枯丝核菌的MIC,我们设置了空白组、5μM、10μM、20μM,发现化合物oxalactam A的MIC为10μg/mL。
化合物oxalactam A从西非植物毛花茶茱萸的内生菌草酸青霉菌发酵液中首次分离得到,其含量为1.70μg/mL,抗菌试验结果表明oxalactam A是草酸青霉菌的主要抗菌活性成分之一,本发明为该化合物提供了新来源及其提取分离技术,同时为大环内酰胺类化合物用于抗立枯丝核菌生物农药开发提供了实验依据。
Claims (5)
1.一种抗立枯丝核菌的化合物,其特征在于,其结构式如下所示:
2.权利要求1所述的抗立枯丝核菌的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)采用平板划线法将草酸青霉菌转接到马铃薯葡萄糖固体培养基活化,置于恒温培养箱培养至菌株长满平板后,用灭过菌的接种环挑取少量孢子,接种于装有马铃薯葡萄糖液体培养基的锥形瓶中,于摇床振荡培养,作为种子液;
选取液体发酵培养基进行发酵,接种种子液,置于恒温振荡器动态发酵培养;
(2)将步骤(1)中发酵产物进行处理,采用抽滤法分离菌丝体跟发酵液,发酵液用等量乙酸乙酯萃取,合并萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位I;将菌丝体粉碎,用乙醇过夜浸提,提取液减压浓缩至无醇味,加适量水分散,再用等量乙酸乙酯萃取,合并萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位II,将浓缩部位I和浓缩部位II合并为乙酸乙酯部位样品;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的乙酸乙酯部位,拌硅后,采用干法上样硅胶装柱,然后用二氯甲烷/甲醇体系梯度洗脱,洗脱液结合TLC和UPLC分析,共合并为8个组分Fr.1~Fr.8;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的流分Fr.6经MCI反相中压制备柱层析,分离得到Fr.6-1~Fr.6-8,取其中的组分Fr.6-8采用碳酸钠处理后经硅胶柱层析分离,得到抗立枯丝核菌的化合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的抗立枯丝核菌的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)采用平板划线法将草酸青霉菌转接到马铃薯葡萄糖固体培养基活化,置于28℃恒温培养箱培养至菌株长满平板后,用灭过菌的接种环挑取少量孢子,接种于马铃薯葡萄糖液体培养基中,于28℃、160rpm的摇床振荡培养1天,作为种子液;选取液体发酵培养基,以2%的接种量接种种子液,并置于28℃、160rpm的恒温振荡器动态发酵培养3-4天;所述的发酵培养基的组成为20g葡萄糖、8g可溶性淀粉、5g蛋白胨、2g酵母膏、2g氯化钠、2g碳酸钙、0.5g硫酸镁、0.5g磷酸氢二钾,1L蒸馏水;
(2)将步骤(1)中发酵产物进行处理,采用抽滤法分离菌丝体跟发酵液,发酵液用等量乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位I;将菌丝体粉碎,用体积浓度80%乙醇过夜浸提3次,提取液减压浓缩至无醇味,加适量水分散,再用等量乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次萃取液,减压浓缩,得到浓缩部位II,将浓缩部位I和浓缩部位II合并为乙酸乙酯部位样品;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的乙酸乙酯部位,拌硅后,采用干法上样硅胶装柱,然后用体积比为100:0→0:100的二氯甲烷/甲醇体系梯度洗脱,洗脱液结合TLC和UPLC分析,共合并为8个组分Fr.1~Fr.8;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的流分Fr.6经MCI反相中压制备柱层析,以纯水为A相-甲醇为B相为流动相,洗脱梯度:0.00~30.00min,10%-10%B;30.00~60.00min,15%-15%B;60.00~90.00min,20%-20%B;90.00~120.00min,25%-25%B;120.00~150.00min,30%-30%B;150.00~180.00min,35%-35%B;180.00~210.00min,40%-40%B;210.00~240.00min,45%-45%B;240.00~270.00min,50%-50%B;270.00~290.00min,60%-60%B;290.00~300.00min,70%-70%B;300.00~310.00min,80%-80%B;310.00~370.00min,100%-100%B;流速25mL/min分离得到Fr.6-1~Fr.6-8,取其中的组分Fr.6-8采用碳酸钠处理后经硅胶柱层析分离,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1等度洗脱,得到抗立枯丝核菌的化合物。
4.权利要求1所述的抗立枯丝核菌的化合物在制备抗立枯丝核菌的农药制剂中的应用。
5.权利要求1所述的抗立枯丝核菌的化合物在制备抗水稻纹枯病、人参立枯病的农药制剂中的应用。
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