CN115121931B - Friction stir welding method for high-strength aluminum alloy support - Google Patents
Friction stir welding method for high-strength aluminum alloy support Download PDFInfo
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- CN115121931B CN115121931B CN202210693727.7A CN202210693727A CN115121931B CN 115121931 B CN115121931 B CN 115121931B CN 202210693727 A CN202210693727 A CN 202210693727A CN 115121931 B CN115121931 B CN 115121931B
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- welding
- aluminum alloy
- strength aluminum
- friction stir
- alloy support
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction stir welding method for high-strength aluminum alloy support, which comprises the following steps: step one, cleaning the surface; step two, cross section treatment; step three, positioning and clamping; step four, preheating the materials; step five, stirring and welding; step six, cooling and molding; according to the invention, the material is cleaned by using the organic solvent, so that oil stains on the surface of the material are effectively removed, and meanwhile, the welding surface is polished and cut-off is carried out by using the sand paper and the file, so that the roughness of the welding surface is increased, and the welding firmness is improved; the material is preheated by the spray gun before welding, so that the material is effectively softened, the loss of the stirring pin is reduced, the situation that the stirring pin is broken is avoided, the recycling of the stirring pin is realized, and the use cost is reduced; the fixing clamp is arranged on the back of the welding line, so that the condition that molten materials overflow caused by extrusion is effectively avoided, the occurrence of back tumors is avoided, and the aesthetic degree of the welding line is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy supporting friction stir welding method.
Background
Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process using a tool that does not consume a tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material, friction between the rotating tool and the workpiece material generates heat, causing the region near the friction stir welding tool to soften, mechanically mixing the two metals together as the tool is moved along a joining line, and forging the hot and softened metals by mechanical pressure applied by the tool, just as joining clay or dough, is used primarily to forge or squeeze aluminum, especially for structures requiring very high weld strength.
The friction stir welding is very popular at present, particularly on the welding of aluminum alloy and copper alloy, the friction stir welding is very wide in application, however, in the welding process, oil stains and dust are attached to the surface of a material to be welded to influence the welding firmness, a compact oxide layer is generated on the surface of the welding material, the welding effect is greatly reduced, in the welding process, the hardness of the material is high, the loss of a stirring pin is large, the situation of fracture and melting can occur, the repeated use is not facilitated, in the welding process, the temperature is high, the extrusion force is large, back tumors are extremely easy to occur on the back of a welding line, the aesthetic degree of the welded material is reduced, and the flatness is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength aluminum alloy supporting friction stir welding method for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a friction stir welding method for a high-strength aluminum alloy support comprises the following steps: step one, cleaning the surface; step two, cross section treatment; step three, positioning and clamping; step four, preheating the materials; step five, stirring and welding; step six, cooling and molding;
in the first step, firstly taking a high-strength aluminum alloy support to be welded, then blowing dust and impurities on the surface of the aluminum alloy support by using a spray gun, then flushing by using clear water, scrubbing a welding position by using an organic solvent after the cleaning is finished, removing grease on the surface, and reserving after the cleaning is finished;
in the second step, after the cleaning in the first step is finished, polishing the welding surface by using sand paper to remove an oxide layer and stubborn stains on the surface, after polishing, respectively filing a plurality of 1-2mm gaps on two high-strength aluminum alloy support welding surfaces to be welded by using a file, and blowing off scraps by using an air gun for later use after finishing;
in the third step, after the notch in the second step is opened, clamping the pretreated high-strength aluminum alloy support on a friction stir welding machine by using a special fixture, ensuring that the two high-strength aluminum alloy supports are tightly pressed together, and then installing a fixing fixture on the back of a welding line for later use after the installation is completed;
in the fourth step, after the high-strength aluminum alloy support in the third step is fixedly installed, installing flame spraying guns on two sides of the high-strength aluminum alloy support before welding, and preheating welding seams of the high-strength aluminum alloy support by using the flame spraying guns;
in the fifth step, after the preheating of the high-strength aluminum alloy support in the fourth step is completed, a power supply of the friction stir welding machine is turned on, at this time, the main shaft of the friction stir welding starts to rotate at a high speed, along with the falling of the main shaft, the stirring pin pierces into the inside of the welding seam of the high-strength aluminum alloy support until the shaft shoulder is attached to the top of the high-strength aluminum alloy support, the metal on two sides of the welding seam is melted along with the high-speed rotation of the stirring pin, then the stirring pin moves forwards along the welding seam, and simultaneously the melted metal is fused together under the extrusion of a space, so that the stirring welding of the high-strength aluminum alloy support is completed, the main shaft rises after the welding is completed, and the stirring pin is extracted;
in the sixth step, after friction stir welding in the fifth step is completed, the holes left by the stirring needle are repaired by using common spot welding, then the high-strength aluminum alloy support is cooled, the fixing clamp and the special clamp are removed, and then friction stir welding of the equipment is completed.
Preferably, in the first step, the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more of acetone, ethanol, methanol and gasoline.
Preferably, in the second step, the sanding time is 5-10min.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the temperature of the flame gun is 1200-1300 ℃, and the preheating time is 3-5min.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the rotation speed of the friction stir welding machine is 600-1200r/min, and the welding speed is 60-155mm/min.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the high-strength aluminum alloy support is first waited for cooling to below 600 ℃ under natural conditions, and then rapidly cooled by using cooling water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the material is cleaned by using the organic solvent, so that oil stains on the surface of the material are effectively removed, and meanwhile, the welding surface is polished and cut-off is carried out by using the sand paper and the file, so that the roughness of the welding surface is increased, and the welding firmness is improved;
2. according to the invention, the material is preheated by the spray gun before welding, so that the material is effectively softened, the loss of the stirring pin is reduced, the situation of breaking the stirring pin is avoided, the recycling of the stirring pin is realized, and the use cost is reduced;
3. according to the invention, the fixing clamp is arranged on the back of the welding line, so that the condition that molten materials overflow caused by extrusion is effectively avoided, the occurrence of back tumors is avoided, and the aesthetic degree of the welding line is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention is provided: a friction stir welding method for a high-strength aluminum alloy support comprises the following steps: step one, cleaning the surface; step two, cross section treatment; step three, positioning and clamping; step four, preheating the materials; step five, stirring and welding; step six, cooling and molding;
in the first step, firstly taking a high-strength aluminum alloy support to be welded, then blowing dust and impurities on the surface of the aluminum alloy support by using a spray gun, then flushing by using clear water, scrubbing a welding position by using an organic solvent after the cleaning is finished, removing grease on the surface by using one or more of acetone, ethanol, methanol and gasoline, and standing by after the cleaning is finished;
in the second step, after the cleaning in the first step is finished, the welding surface is polished by using sand paper, the polishing time of the sand paper is 10min, oxide layers and stubborn stains on the surface are removed, after the polishing is finished, a plurality of notches of 1mm are respectively formed on the two high-strength aluminum alloy supporting welding surfaces to be welded by using file, and after the polishing is finished, the chips are blown off by using an air gun for later use;
in the third step, after the notch in the second step is opened, clamping the pretreated high-strength aluminum alloy support on a friction stir welding machine by using a special fixture, ensuring that the two high-strength aluminum alloy supports are tightly pressed together, and then installing a fixing fixture on the back of a welding line for later use after the installation is completed;
in the fourth step, after the high-strength aluminum alloy support in the third step is fixedly installed, installing flame guns on two sides of the high-strength aluminum alloy support before welding, and preheating a welding seam of the high-strength aluminum alloy support by using the flame guns, wherein the temperature of the flame guns is 1200 ℃, and the preheating time is 5min;
in the fifth step, after the preheating of the high-strength aluminum alloy support in the fourth step is completed, a power supply of the friction stir welding machine is turned on, at this time, the main shaft of the friction stir welding machine starts to rotate at a high speed, along with the falling of the main shaft, the stirring pin pierces into the inside of the welding seam of the high-strength aluminum alloy support until the shaft shoulder is attached to the top of the high-strength aluminum alloy support, the metal on two sides of the welding seam is melted along with the high-speed rotation of the stirring pin, then the stirring pin moves forwards along the welding seam, and simultaneously the melted metal is fused together under the extrusion of a space, so that the stirring welding of the high-strength aluminum alloy support is completed, the rotating speed of the friction stir welding machine is 600r/min, the welding speed is 100mm/min, the main shaft rises after the welding is completed, and the stirring pin is extracted;
in the sixth step, after the friction stir welding in the fifth step is completed, the holes left by the stirring needle are repaired by using the common spot welding, then the high-strength aluminum alloy support is cooled down, and the high-strength aluminum alloy support is firstly waited to be cooled to below 600 ℃ under the natural condition, then the cooling water is used for quick cooling, and the fixing clamp and the special clamp are removed, so that the friction stir welding of the equipment is completed.
Based on the above, the invention has the advantages that when the invention is used, firstly, the surface of a welding material is cleaned by using organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, methanol and gasoline, oil stains on surface dust are removed, so that the welding quality is convenient to improve, meanwhile, the roughness of the welding surface is effectively improved by polishing the welding surface by sand paper and filing gaps, the firmness of the welding is improved, the material near the welding seam is preheated by using a flame gun before welding, the consumption of a stirring needle is effectively reduced, the recycling of the stirring needle is realized, the use cost of equipment is reduced, and meanwhile, a fixing clamp is additionally arranged at the back of the welding seam before welding, so that the condition that molten materials are extruded in the welding process is avoided, the occurrence of backing tumor is reduced, and the aesthetic degree of the welding seam is improved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (6)
1. A friction stir welding method for a high-strength aluminum alloy support comprises the following steps: step one, cleaning the surface; step two, cross section treatment; step three, positioning and clamping; step four, preheating the materials; step five, stirring and welding; step six, cooling and molding; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, firstly taking a high-strength aluminum alloy support to be welded, then blowing dust and impurities on the surface of the aluminum alloy support by using a spray gun, then flushing by using clear water, scrubbing a welding position by using an organic solvent after the cleaning is finished, removing grease on the surface, and reserving after the cleaning is finished;
in the second step, after the cleaning in the first step is finished, polishing the welding surface by using sand paper to remove an oxide layer and stubborn stains on the surface, after polishing, respectively filing a plurality of 1-2mm gaps on two high-strength aluminum alloy support welding surfaces to be welded by using a file, and blowing off scraps by using an air gun for later use after finishing;
in the third step, after the notch in the second step is opened, clamping the pretreated high-strength aluminum alloy support on a friction stir welding machine by using a special fixture, ensuring that the two high-strength aluminum alloy supports are tightly pressed together, and then installing a fixing fixture on the back of a welding line for later use after the installation is completed;
in the fourth step, after the high-strength aluminum alloy support in the third step is fixedly installed, installing flame spraying guns on two sides of the high-strength aluminum alloy support before welding, and preheating welding seams of the high-strength aluminum alloy support by using the flame spraying guns;
in the fifth step, after the preheating of the high-strength aluminum alloy support in the fourth step is completed, a power supply of the friction stir welding machine is turned on, at this time, the main shaft of the friction stir welding starts to rotate at a high speed, along with the falling of the main shaft, the stirring pin pierces into the inside of the welding seam of the high-strength aluminum alloy support until the shaft shoulder is attached to the top of the high-strength aluminum alloy support, the metal on two sides of the welding seam is melted along with the high-speed rotation of the stirring pin, then the stirring pin moves forwards along the welding seam, and simultaneously the melted metal is fused together under the extrusion of a space, so that the stirring welding of the high-strength aluminum alloy support is completed, the main shaft rises after the welding is completed, and the stirring pin is extracted;
in the sixth step, after friction stir welding in the fifth step is completed, the holes left by the stirring needle are repaired by using common spot welding, then the high-strength aluminum alloy support is cooled, the fixing clamp and the special clamp are removed, and then friction stir welding of the equipment is completed.
2. The high strength aluminum alloy supporting friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more of acetone, ethanol, methanol and gasoline.
3. The high strength aluminum alloy supporting friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the sanding time is 5-10min.
4. The high strength aluminum alloy supporting friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the temperature of the flame gun is 1200-1300 ℃, and the preheating time is 3-5min.
5. The high strength aluminum alloy supporting friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the rotating speed of the friction stir welding machine is 600-1200r/min, and the welding speed is 60-155mm/min.
6. The high strength aluminum alloy supporting friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, the high-strength aluminum alloy support is firstly waited to be cooled to below 600 ℃ under natural conditions, and then the cooling water is used for rapid cooling.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210693727.7A CN115121931B (en) | 2022-06-18 | 2022-06-18 | Friction stir welding method for high-strength aluminum alloy support |
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| CN202210693727.7A CN115121931B (en) | 2022-06-18 | 2022-06-18 | Friction stir welding method for high-strength aluminum alloy support |
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| CN115121931A CN115121931A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
| CN115121931B true CN115121931B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004090050A (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Furuya Kinzoku:Kk | Friction stir welding method for platinum or platinum based alloy and friction stir welding structure |
| JP2007190606A (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2007-08-02 | Susumu Hioki | Method and equipment for friction stir welding with heating |
| CN107900510A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-04-13 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Ultra-thick plate aluminum alloy section agitating friction welding welding method |
| CN108581175A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-28 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld |
| CN111037088A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 惠州市亿鹏能源科技有限公司 | Welding process of friction stir welding |
| CN111496368A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-07 | 南京理工大学 | Thick plate aluminum alloy angle joint static shaft shoulder stirring friction welding device and method |
| CN112427799A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-02 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Friction stir welding manufacturing method of large-size high-thickness aluminum alloy panel |
| CN112894123A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | Friction stir welding method for aluminum-copper dissimilar metal |
-
2022
- 2022-06-18 CN CN202210693727.7A patent/CN115121931B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004090050A (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Furuya Kinzoku:Kk | Friction stir welding method for platinum or platinum based alloy and friction stir welding structure |
| JP2007190606A (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2007-08-02 | Susumu Hioki | Method and equipment for friction stir welding with heating |
| CN107900510A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-04-13 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Ultra-thick plate aluminum alloy section agitating friction welding welding method |
| CN108581175A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-28 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld |
| CN111496368A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-07 | 南京理工大学 | Thick plate aluminum alloy angle joint static shaft shoulder stirring friction welding device and method |
| CN111037088A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 惠州市亿鹏能源科技有限公司 | Welding process of friction stir welding |
| CN112427799A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-02 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Friction stir welding manufacturing method of large-size high-thickness aluminum alloy panel |
| CN112894123A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | Friction stir welding method for aluminum-copper dissimilar metal |
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