CN108581175A - A kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld - Google Patents
A kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld Download PDFInfo
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- CN108581175A CN108581175A CN201810376818.1A CN201810376818A CN108581175A CN 108581175 A CN108581175 A CN 108581175A CN 201810376818 A CN201810376818 A CN 201810376818A CN 108581175 A CN108581175 A CN 108581175A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to welding technology fields, it is related to a kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld, including cleaning before treating the weldering of welder's part, using clamping tool by the group of workpiece to be welded to the solid point position bevel of assembly, pre-welding, clear up and treat the agitating friction weldering of welder's part weld seam to the polishing for carrying out positioning welding, weld seam at bevel, it solves in existing agitating friction weldering welding process, connector group is not easy to control to gap, agitating friction weldering welding quality unstable requires high series of problems to tooling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology fields, are related to a kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld.
Background technology
Agitating friction weldering is a kind of solid phase connecting method that Britain's institute of welding was proposed in 1991, has welding point
Forming is beautiful, comprehensive mechanical property is good, welding deformation is small, environmentally protective and the advantages that without wlding, is suitable for aluminum alloy welding
It connects, extensive promotion and application is obtained in fields such as shipbuilding, Aeronautics and Astronautics and rail traffics.
But due to its technical characterstic, agitating friction weldering is high to clearance requirement to workpiece group, and tooling is usually used in production
Rigidity clamping, with realize normal direction compress, it is laterally and tightly propped, frock clamp is insufficient for demand or certain structures not in some cases
It is suitble to use tooling, the forward force of stirring-head and the effect of rotation in the welding process is also easy to produce that play movement is excessive or gap is big
It is small uneven, the defects of welding process can be caused unstable, or even generate tunnel, surface ditch dug with a plow, influences product qualification rate, reduces
Production efficiency.
Existing means are welded in advance frequently with the method for agitating friction weldering pre-welding, to ensure that welded gaps satisfaction is stirred
Friction welding (FW) demand is mixed, but needs frequently to replace the specification of stirring-head, working efficiency is low to be not easy to mechanization batch production.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention is in order to solve in existing agitating friction weldering welding process, connector group is not easily-controllable to gap
System, agitating friction weldering welding quality unstable require high series of problems to tooling, provide a kind of aluminium with melting welding tack weld
Alloy friction stir welding method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld, should
Method includes the following steps：
A, preweld cleaning：
A, prerinse：Non-woven fabrics will be used in the range of the groove face of workpiece welding point to be welded and neighbouring 25~50mm
Dip acetone or alcohol cleaning workpiece surface greasy dirt to be welded, dust；
B, oxide film dissolving is removed：Machine will be used in the range of the groove face of workpiece welding point to be welded and neighbouring 25~50mm
Tool formula aluminium alloy special grinding tool removes the oxidation film of workpiece surface to be welded；
C, cleaning eventually：Non-woven fabrics will be used in the range of the groove face of workpiece welding point to be welded and neighbouring 25~50mm
Dip the remaining scrap that acetone or alcohol cleans workpiece surface to be welded again；
B, group is to assembly：By two side compression of workpiece to be welded and apply side top power using clamping tool, ensures workpiece weldering to be welded
Gap≤0.4mm, unfitness of butt joint≤0.5mm of weld seam both sides workpiece to be welded, thickness >=2mm of workpiece to be welded；
C, bevel：The solid point position of workpiece pre-welding to be welded is utilized into rotary file bevel, groove length >=30mm, slope
Mouth depth >=2mm, groove spacing are 100~500mm；
D, positioning welding：Method using MIG fusion weldings ensures that filling metal will be at groove to being welded at bevel
It fills up, weld reinforcement is higher by base material about 1~3mm；
E, weld grinding and cleaning：Tack weld is polished flat using milling tools, base material must not be injured, cleaning is to be welded
The polishing clast of workpiece surface；
F, it welds：The welding condition of agitating friction weldering is adjusted, the weld seam for treating welder's part is stirred friction welding (FW).
Further, mechanical aluminium alloy special grinding tool is electric wire bowl brush in step A.
Further, clamping tool is fluid pressure type pressure arm in step B.
Further, the uniform branch in solid point position of workpiece pre-welding to be welded is in the weld seam of workpiece to be welded in step C, rotation
File is pneumatic type rotary file.
Further, the ER5356 magnalium welding wires that welding wire used in MIG fusion weldings is diameter 1.2mm in step D, welding current are
120~150A, weldingvoltage are 19~20V, and speed of welding is 400~500mm/min, the flow of inert protective gas is 23~
27L/min。
Further, the milling tools in step E is pneumatic type Chiba piece.
Further, welding condition is in step F：Welding pressure be 15~20KN, mixing needle length be 5.5~
6.0mm, stirring-head top rake are 1~3 °, and the rotating speed of stirring-head is 1500~2000r/min, the weldering speed of stirring-head is 800~
The flow of 1500r/min, inert protective gas are 23~27L/min.
Further, inert protective gas is argon gas.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method of the invention with melting welding tack weld, increases before the process of agitating friction weldering
Positioning welding, uniformly distributed solid point position in the weld seam by treating welder's part, by pneumatic type rotary file by solid point position
Bevel can be tentatively fixed by the weld seam of workpiece to be welded using the method for MIG fusion weldings to being welded at bevel, solution
During workpiece weld seam to be welded of having determined welds, since the forward force of stirring-head and the effect of rotation make welding line joint gap mistake
Big or gap size is uneven, the unstable problem of caused welding process.Through the invention after agitating friction weldering welding
The defects of workpiece surface non-tunnel, surface ditch dug with a plow, the product qualification rate and production efficiency of workpiece are high, improve agitating friction weldering weldering
The stabilization for stitching quality, reduces absolute dependence of the agitating friction weldering to tooling.
2, the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method of the invention with melting welding tack weld, to agitating friction weldering clamping product tooling
The reduction of equal requirements, can reduce the cost of manufacture of tooling, production cost is reduced while ensuring product quality stability.
3, the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld of the invention, effective solution agitating friction weldering production
Product connector fit-up gap requires stringent problem, ensure that connector group to the stabilization in gap with it is consistent, while the aluminium alloy stirs
Friction welding method is simple, convenient, while also improving production efficiency.
Description of the drawings
In order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect clearer, the present invention provides following attached drawing and carries out
Explanation：
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method of the invention with melting welding tack weld；
Fig. 2 is workpiece weld and HAZ welding to be welded in the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method of the invention with melting welding tack weld
The structural schematic diagram of weld seam afterwards；
Fig. 3 is workpiece weld and HAZ welding to be welded in the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method of the invention with melting welding tack weld
The structural schematic diagram of weld grinding cleaning afterwards；
After Fig. 4 is workpiece weld seam welding to be welded in the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method of the invention with melting welding tack weld
Structural schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld is as shown in Figure 1, this method comprises the following steps：
The specification of workpiece welding material to be welded is the 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy extrusion section bars of 2000mm*150mm*6mm, is changed
The mass fraction studied point is as shown in table 1：
Table 1
| Si | Mg | Fe | Cu | Mn | Cr | Ti | Zn | Al | Other |
| 0.66 | 0.53 | 0.16 | 0.14 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 98.02 | Surplus |
A, preweld cleaning：
A, prerinse：By the groove face of two pieces of equal-specification 6005A-T6 aluminium alloy extrusions connectors to be welded and neighbouring 25mm
Acetone or alcohol cleaning workpiece surface greasy dirt to be welded, dust are dipped using non-woven fabrics in region；
B, oxide film dissolving is removed：Electric wire will be used in the groove face of proximate matter welding point to be welded and the neighbouring regions 25mm
Bowl brush polishing removes the oxidation film of workpiece surface to be welded；
C, cleaning eventually：It will be dipped using non-woven fabrics in the groove face of proximate matter welding point to be welded and the neighbouring regions 25mm
Acetone or alcohol cleans the remaining scrap of workpiece surface to be welded again, and the groove face of proximate matter to be welded and near zone are cleaned
Totally；
B, group is to assembly：This two blocks of equal-specification 6005A-T6 aluminium alloy extrusions are placed on tooling platform to be welded, folder is utilized
Tight tooling is by two side compression of proximate matter to be welded and applies side top power, ensures that proximate matter weld gap≤0.4mm to be welded, weld seam both sides are to be welded
Unfitness of butt joint≤0.5mm of proximate matter；
C, bevel：By the solid point position of proximate matter pre-welding to be welded using pneumatic type rotary file in the weld seam of proximate matter to be welded
4 sections of grooves are uniformly opened up, groove length is 50mm, and groove depth 2mm, groove spacing is 400mm；
D, positioning welding：Using Fu Nisi TPS5000 welding machines to being welded at bevel, ensure filling metal by groove
Place is filled up, and weld reinforcement is higher by base material about 1mm, and the welding method of welding machine is MIG fusion weldings, and the welding procedure of MIG fusion weldings is joined
Number is as shown in table 2：
Table 2
| Welding method | Fill metal | Gage of wire | Welding current | Weldingvoltage | Speed of welding | Argon flow amount |
| MIG | ER5356 | 1.2mm | 130A | 19.4V | 450mm/min | 25L/min |
E, weld grinding and cleaning：Tack weld is polished flat using pneumatic type Chiba piece, base material must not be injured, is cleared up
The polishing clast of Surface of profile to be welded；
F, it welds：Weldering proximate matter is treated using her Sa driven portal agitating friction soldering equipment and is stirred friction welding, Welder
Skill parameter is as shown in table 3：
Table 3
| Welding method | Mixing needle length | Top rake | Welding pressure | Stirring-head rotating speed | Speed of welding | Argon flow amount |
| FSW | 5.8mm | 1.5° | 18KN | 1600r/min | 1000mm/min | 25L/min |
Embodiment 2
Difference lies in the welding condition of MIG fusion weldings is as shown in table 4 in step D with embodiment 1 for embodiment 2：
Table 4
| Welding method | Fill metal | Gage of wire | Welding current | Weldingvoltage | Speed of welding | Argon flow amount |
| MIG | ER5356 | 1.2mm | 120A | 19V | 400mm/min | 23L/min |
The welding condition that agitating friction welds in step F is as shown in table 5：
Table 5
| Welding method | Mixing needle length | Top rake | Welding pressure | Stirring-head rotating speed | Speed of welding | Argon flow amount |
| FSW | 5.5mm | 1° | 15KN | 1500r/min | 800mm/min | 23L/min |
Embodiment 3
Difference lies in the welding condition of MIG fusion weldings is as shown in table 6 in step D with embodiment 1 for embodiment 3：
Table 6
| Welding method | Fill metal | Gage of wire | Welding current | Weldingvoltage | Speed of welding | Argon flow amount |
| MIG | ER5356 | 1.2mm | 150A | 20V | 500mm/min | 27L/min |
The welding condition that agitating friction welds in step F is as shown in table 7：
Table 7
| Welding method | Mixing needle length | Top rake | Welding pressure | Stirring-head rotating speed | Speed of welding | Argon flow amount |
| FSW | 6.0mm | 3° | 20KN | 2000r/min | 1500mm/min | 27L/min |
Comparative example
A kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld, this method comprises the following steps：
The specification of workpiece welding material to be welded is the 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy extrusion section bars of 2000mm*150mm*6mm, is changed
The mass fraction studied point is as shown in table 8：
Table 8
| Si | Mg | Fe | Cu | Mn | Cr | Ti | Zn | Al | Other |
| 0.66 | 0.53 | 0.16 | 0.14 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 98.02 | Surplus |
A, preweld cleaning：
A, prerinse：By the groove face of two pieces of equal-specification 6005A-T6 aluminium alloy extrusions connectors to be welded and neighbouring 25mm
Acetone or alcohol cleaning workpiece surface greasy dirt to be welded, dust are dipped using non-woven fabrics in region；
B, oxide film dissolving is removed：Electric wire will be used in the groove face of proximate matter welding point to be welded and the neighbouring regions 25mm
Bowl brush polishing removes the oxidation film of workpiece surface to be welded；
C, cleaning eventually：It will be dipped using non-woven fabrics in the groove face of proximate matter welding point to be welded and the neighbouring regions 25mm
Acetone or alcohol cleans the remaining scrap of workpiece surface to be welded again, and the groove face of proximate matter to be welded and near zone are cleaned
Totally；
B, group is to assembly：This two blocks of equal-specification 6005A-T6 aluminium alloy extrusions are placed on tooling platform to be welded, folder is utilized
Tight tooling is by two side compression of proximate matter to be welded and applies side top power, ensures that proximate matter weld gap≤0.4mm to be welded, weld seam both sides are to be welded
Unfitness of butt joint≤0.5mm of proximate matter；
D, it welds：Weldering proximate matter is treated using her Sa driven portal agitating friction soldering equipment and is stirred friction welding, Welder
Skill parameter is as shown in table 9：
Table 9
| Welding method | Mixing needle length | Top rake | Welding pressure | Stirring-head rotating speed | Speed of welding | Argon flow amount |
| FSW | 5.8mm | 1.5° | 18KN | 1600r/min | 1000mm/min | 25L/min |
As shown in figs. 2 to 4, the aluminium alloy section surface of postwelding is molded the surface topography of 1 postwelding aluminium alloy extrusions of embodiment
Well, no ditch dug with a plow defect.Respectively to embodiment 1 have melting welding tack weld and comparative example carried out without melting welding tack weld area it is horizontal
It is detected to tensile property, it is found that the tensile strength of aluminium alloy extrusions weld seam prepared by embodiment 1 reaches 235MPa and is higher by comparative example
12MPa, yield strength reach 148MPa and are higher by comparative example 8MPa, and elongation percentage 8.4% is higher by comparative example 0.6%.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical
It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps：
A, preweld cleaning：
A, prerinse：It will be dipped using non-woven fabrics in the range of the groove face of workpiece welding point to be welded and neighbouring 25~50mm
Acetone or alcohol cleaning workpiece surface greasy dirt to be welded, dust；
B, oxide film dissolving is removed：It is mechanical by being used in the range of the groove face of workpiece welding point to be welded and neighbouring 25~50mm
Aluminium alloy special grinding tool removes the oxidation film of workpiece surface to be welded；
C, cleaning eventually：It will be dipped using non-woven fabrics in the range of the groove face of workpiece welding point to be welded and neighbouring 25~50mm
Acetone or alcohol cleans the remaining scrap of workpiece surface to be welded again；
B, group is to assembly：By two side compression of workpiece to be welded and apply side using clamping tool and push up power, ensures between workpiece weld seam to be welded
Gap≤0.4mm, unfitness of butt joint≤0.5mm of weld seam both sides workpiece to be welded, thickness >=2mm of workpiece to be welded；
C, bevel：The solid point position of workpiece pre-welding to be welded is utilized into rotary file bevel, groove length >=30mm, groove depth
Degree >=2mm, groove spacing are 100~500mm；
D, positioning welding：Method using MIG fusion weldings ensures that filling metal will be filled out at groove to being welded at bevel
Full, weld reinforcement is higher by base material about 1~3mm；
E, weld grinding and cleaning：Tack weld is polished flat using milling tools, base material must not be injured, clears up workpiece to be welded
The polishing clast on surface；
F, it welds：The welding condition of agitating friction weldering is adjusted, the weld seam for treating welder's part is stirred friction welding (FW).
2. the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step A
Mechanical aluminium alloy special grinding tool is electric wire bowl brush.
3. the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step B
Clamping tool is fluid pressure type pressure arm.
4. the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step C
In the weld seam of workpiece to be welded, rotary file is pneumatic type rotary file for the uniform branch in solid point position of workpiece pre-welding to be welded.
5. the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that in step D
Welding wire used in MIG fusion weldings is the ER5356 magnalium welding wires of diameter 1.2mm, and welding current is 120~150A, weldingvoltage 19
~20V, speed of welding are 400~500mm/min, and the flow of inert protective gas is 23~27L/min.
6. the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step E
Milling tools be pneumatic type Chiba piece.
7. the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that in step F
Welding condition is：Welding pressure is 15~20KN, and mixing needle length is 5.5~6.0mm, and stirring-head top rake is 1~3 °,
The rotating speed of stirring-head is 1500~2000r/min, and the weldering speed of stirring-head is 800~1500r/min, the flow of inert protective gas
For 23~27L/min.
8. the aluminum alloy stirring friction welding method with melting welding tack weld as described in claim 5~7 is any, which is characterized in that
Inert protective gas is argon gas.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110014221A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-16 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | A kind of adjusting technique of agitating friction weldering post welding distortion |
| CN110202244A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-09-06 | 太仓欧克仓储设备有限公司 | A kind of welding procedure of sheet metal part welding point |
| CN112157342A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-01 | 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 | Friction stir diffusion welding process for aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite material |
| CN113414487A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-21 | 格鲁帕冲裁有限责任公司 | Metal blank and assembly with oxide removal zone |
| CN115121931A (en) * | 2022-06-18 | 2022-09-30 | 广东铭利达科技有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy support friction stir welding method |
| CN115213543A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-21 | 华南理工大学 | Water spraying type friction stir welding and postweld heat treatment process combination method |
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| CN113414487A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-21 | 格鲁帕冲裁有限责任公司 | Metal blank and assembly with oxide removal zone |
| CN112157342A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-01 | 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 | Friction stir diffusion welding process for aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite material |
| CN115213543A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-21 | 华南理工大学 | Water spraying type friction stir welding and postweld heat treatment process combination method |
| CN115121931A (en) * | 2022-06-18 | 2022-09-30 | 广东铭利达科技有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy support friction stir welding method |
| CN115121931B (en) * | 2022-06-18 | 2023-08-04 | 广东铭利达科技有限公司 | Friction stir welding method for high-strength aluminum alloy support |
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Application publication date: 20180928 |