CN115104478A - Large-field cultivation method of Huangqu mushroom - Google Patents
Large-field cultivation method of Huangqu mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN115104478A CN115104478A CN202111648048.XA CN202111648048A CN115104478A CN 115104478 A CN115104478 A CN 115104478A CN 202111648048 A CN202111648048 A CN 202111648048A CN 115104478 A CN115104478 A CN 115104478A
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 241000384166 Agrocybe smithii Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 241001236191 Agrocybe praecox Species 0.000 description 9
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- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 3
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a field cultivation method of Huangclusian bacteria, which comprises the following steps: selecting sandy loam, adding lime with the mass fraction of 2-5% into the sandy loam, and turning over the soil twice; then digging a box on the excavated sandy loam; then laying fermented bamboo chips into the box, then spreading a layer of Huang-Cluster bacteria strain on the bamboo chips, then covering fertile soil on the Huang-Cluster bacteria strain, then laying fermented bamboo chips on the fertile soil, then spreading a layer of Huang-Cluster bacteria strain on the bamboo chips, then laying fermented bamboo chips on the Huang-Cluster bacteria strain, then covering fertile soil on the bamboo chips, then covering straw on the fertile soil, and then spraying micro water on the straw to keep the humidity of the straw at 85%; removing the straw after the hypha grows out of the soil surface; spraying micro water once a day to keep the humidity of the fertile soil at 90%; until fruiting; obtain the Huangclusian bacteria with high yield and good commodity and high content of amino acid, trace elements and vitamins.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microorganisms, in particular to a field cultivation method of Huangclusian bacteria.
Background
Agrocybe praecox, also known as Chunsheng Agrocybe praecox or Zasheng Agrocybe praecox, is widely distributed in south China and north China, and is common in North America and Europe. Agrocybe praecox is a population consisting of at least 5 biological types, including grassy rot type, conifer rot type, broadleaf wood rot type, urban habitat type, and the like. The protein content of the fresh agrocybe aegerita is 2.05 percent, and the protein content is about 27.5 percent after the dry weight is reduced. The fat content is lower than 0.05g/100g, the content of crude fiber and polysaccharide is high, the content of crude fiber is 4%, the content of total sugar is 8%, and the content of polysaccharide accounts for 80%.
The applicant cultivates and develops a Huangqun mushroom (application number:) which has high nutritive value, contains rich vitamins, amino acids and trace elements, especially has high vitamin D and calcium content, the vitamin D content reaches 44.1 mu g/100g, and the calcium content reaches 78.5 mg/kg; and the content of the heavy metal meets the pollutant limit in the national standard food for GB 3762-.
Compared with the existing agrocybe praecox, the agrocybe praecox contains more amino acid types and contents thereof, has high content of trace elements, and contains a large amount of vitamin D and calcium, but the existing agrocybe praecox cultivation method cannot effectively improve the yield and the quality of the agrocybe praecox.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a field cultivation method of Huangclusian bacteria, so as to at least achieve the purpose of obtaining the Huangclusian bacteria with high yield and good commodity.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a field cultivation method of Huang Cluster bacteria is used for cultivating the Huang Cluster bacteria, and is suitable under the condition that the environmental temperature is 12-20 ℃, the Huang Cluster bacteria (Agrocybe smithii ZOZO-XW-B Huang Cluster bacteria) strain is preserved, and the preservation unit is the China center for type culture Collection; the preservation address is located in Wuhan university in Wuhan, China; the preservation date is 2021, 6 months and 11 days; the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2021715, its cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly laying a first layer of fermented bamboo chips in the soil pit, then spreading a layer of Huang-cluster fungus strains on the first layer of bamboo chips, and then uniformly covering a first layer of fertile soil on the Huang-cluster fungus strains;
s2: uniformly paving a second layer of fermented bamboo dust on the first layer of fertile soil, then spreading a layer of Huang-Cluster bacteria strain on the second layer of bamboo dust, then uniformly paving a third layer of fermented bamboo dust on the Huang-Cluster bacteria strain, and then uniformly covering the second layer of fertile soil on the third layer of bamboo dust;
s3: spraying micro water once a day after the hyphae grow out of the soil surface to keep the humidity of the fertile soil at 90%;
s4: and (5) fruiting.
Furthermore, the soil pit is dug on fertile and pollution-free sandy loam with high humidity; adding lime into the sandy soil, and then repeatedly turning and uniformly mixing; the addition amount of the lime is 2-5% of the sand loam mass.
Further, straw is paved on the fertile soil of the last layer, and micro water is sprayed on the straw, so that the humidity of the straw is kept at 85%; and then removing the straws after the mycelium of the Huanggu mushroom grows out of the ground.
Further, the thickness of the first layer of bamboo dust paved in the soil pit is 2 cm; the thickness of the first layer of the fertile soil on the bamboo chips with the thickness of 2cm is 3 cm; the thickness of a second layer of bamboo dust covered on the 3cm fertile soil is also 2 cm; spreading the Huangqun fungus strain above the second layer of bamboo cuttings, and then paving a third layer of bamboo cuttings with the thickness of 2 cm; and the thickness of the second layer of fertile soil covering the upper part of the third layer of bamboo cuttings is 5 cm.
Furthermore, the width of each soil pit is 1m, the length of each soil pit is 3m, the interval between the wide sides of every two soil pits is 1m, and the interval between the long sides of every two soil pits is 20 cm.
Furthermore, lime is added into the bamboo chips in the step S3, and the weight ratio of the bamboo chips to the lime is 97: 3.
Further, adding water to maintain the humidity of the mixture of bamboo chips and lime at 63%, and fermenting for 20 d.
The lime is used for supplying calcium required by the growth of the Huang-Cluster bacteria, and simultaneously, the pH value of the growth environment of the Huang-Cluster bacteria is adjusted to be suitable for the growth of the Huang-Cluster bacteria; the bamboo chips replace wood chips, so that the consumption of forest trees can be reduced, the environment is protected, and the cost is reduced; the fertile soil provides nutrient substances required by the growth of the Huangqun bacteria; the straw covering is favorable for water retention, moisture retention and heat preservation
The Huangclusian strain is obtained by slant culture of agrocybe praecox through a test tube culture medium, and the specific culture method comprises the following steps:
a1: selecting a strain of septemlobal mature Agrocybe, and washing with sterile water for 3 times for later use;
a2: soaking the strain cleaned in the step A1 in 75% alcohol for 7S;
a3: wiping off alcohol and water on the surface of the bacterial strain soaked in the step A2 by using sterile gauze;
a4: sterilizing the strain dried in the step A3 for 15min by using a smoke sterilizing agent;
a5: taking out the sterilized bacterial strain in the step A4, placing the bacterial strain on an ultra-clean workbench, dissecting the bacterial strain by using a scalpel, and picking out a bacterial block of 0.1mm at the junction of a stipe and a pileus;
a61: selecting fresh potatoes, peeling, cleaning, slicing, adding 50g of any one or more mushrooms into 200g of potato slices, adding 500g of mulberry branches, and adding the potato slices, the mushrooms and the mulberry branches into a container;
a62: adding purified water into the container in the step A61 until the potato chips, the mushrooms and the mulberry branches are submerged, heating, and keeping the boiling state for 0.5 hour after boiling;
a63: filtering the product finally obtained in the step A62, and taking 1L of filtrate for later use;
a64: adding 20g of agar, 20g of honey, 10g of glucose, 1 egg yolk, 0.5g of monopotassium phosphate and 0.5g of magnesium sulfate to the filtrate obtained in the step A63;
a65: loading the final product obtained in the step A64 into a test tube, and sterilizing to obtain a test tube culture medium;
a7: and (4) continuously purifying the strain obtained after the non-pollution step A65 in the test tube culture medium for 3 times to obtain the Huangclusterium strain.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cultivation method provided by the invention can effectively improve the yield of the Huangclusian bacteria, and the Huangclusian bacteria have good shape quality, are uniform and have good commodity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Example 1
A field cultivation method of Huangqun bacteria comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a sunshade net above the planting area, allowing rainwater to penetrate through the sunshade net, keeping the humidity of sandy loam at 80%, selecting fertile and pollution-free sandy loam with high humidity in the planting area, adding lime into the sandy loam, wherein the addition amount of the lime is 2% of the mass of the sandy loam, and then repeatedly turning the soil twice;
s2: then digging boxes on the excavated sandy loam, wherein the width of each box is 1m, the length of each box is 3m, the width direction of each box is 1m, and the length direction of each box is 20 cm;
s31: adding lime into the bamboo chips, wherein the weight ratio of the bamboo chips to the lime is 97:3, adding water to keep the humidity of the mixture of the bamboo chips and the lime at 63%, and fermenting for 20 d;
s32: uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips in the box, then spreading a layer of Huang-cluster fungus strains on the bamboo chips, uniformly covering fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the Huang-cluster fungus strains, uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips on the fertile soil, then spreading a layer of Huang-cluster fungus strains on the bamboo chips, uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips on the Huang-cluster fungus strains, uniformly covering fertile soil with the thickness of 5cm on the bamboo chips, covering straws on the fertile soil, and then spraying micro water on the straws to keep the humidity at 85%;
s4: removing the straw after the hypha grows out of the soil surface;
s5: spraying micro water once a day to keep the humidity of the fertile soil at 90%;
s6: and (5) fruiting.
Example 2
A field cultivation method of Huang cluster bacteria comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a sunshade net above the planting area, wherein the sunshade net allows rainwater to penetrate, meanwhile, the environment humidity is 85%, the planting area selects fertile and pollution-free sandy soil with high humidity, lime is added into the sandy soil, the addition amount of the lime is 4% of the mass of the sandy soil, and then, soil turning is performed repeatedly twice;
s2: then digging boxes on the excavated sandy loam, wherein the width of each box is 1m, the length of each box is 3m, the width direction of each box is 1m, and the length direction of each box is 20 cm;
s31: adding lime into the bamboo chips, wherein the weight ratio of the bamboo chips to the lime is 97:3, adding water to keep the humidity of the mixture of the bamboo chips and the lime at 63%, and fermenting for 20 d;
s32: uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips in the box, then spreading a layer of Huang-cluster fungus strains on the bamboo chips, uniformly covering fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the Huang-cluster fungus strains, uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips on the fertile soil, then spreading a layer of Huang-cluster fungus strains on the bamboo chips, uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips on the Huang-cluster fungus strains, uniformly covering fertile soil with the thickness of 5cm on the bamboo chips, covering straws on the fertile soil, and then spraying micro water on the straws to keep the humidity at 85%;
s4: removing the straw after the hypha grows out of the soil surface;
s5: spraying micro water once a day to keep the humidity of the fertile soil at 90%;
s6: and (5) fruiting.
Example 3
A field cultivation method of Huang cluster bacteria comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a sunshade net above the planting area, wherein the sunshade net allows rainwater to penetrate, meanwhile, the environment humidity is 90%, the planting area selects fertile and pollution-free sandy soil with high humidity, lime is added into the sandy soil, the addition amount of the lime is 5% of the mass of the sandy soil, and then, soil turning is performed repeatedly twice;
s2: then, digging boxes on the sandy loam after soil turning, wherein the width of each box is 1m, the length of each box is 3m, the width direction of each box is 1m, and the length direction of each box is 20 cm;
s31: adding lime into the bamboo sawdust, wherein the weight ratio of the bamboo sawdust to the lime is 97:3, then adding water to keep the humidity of the mixture of the bamboo sawdust and the lime at 63%, and fermenting for 20 d;
s32: uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips in the box, then spreading a layer of Huang-cluster fungus strains on the bamboo chips, uniformly covering fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the Huang-cluster fungus strains, uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips on the fertile soil, then spreading a layer of Huang-cluster fungus strains on the bamboo chips, uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips on the Huang-cluster fungus strains, uniformly covering fertile soil with the thickness of 5cm on the bamboo chips, covering straws on the fertile soil, and then spraying micro water on the straws to keep the humidity at 85%;
s4: removing the straw after the hypha grows out of the soil surface;
s5: spraying micro water once a day to keep the humidity of the fertile soil at 90%;
s6: and (6) fruiting.
Example 4
A field cultivation method of Huangqun bacteria comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a sunshade net above the planting area, wherein the sunshade net allows rainwater to penetrate through, simultaneously the environmental humidity is 85%, the planting area selects fertile and pollution-free sandy loam with high humidity, lime is added into the sandy loam, the addition amount of the lime is 4% of the mass of the sandy loam, and then, the soil is repeatedly turned twice;
s2: then digging boxes on the excavated sandy loam, wherein the width of each box is 1m, the length of each box is 3m, the width direction of each box is 1m, and the length direction of each box is 20 cm;
s31: adding lime into the bamboo chips, wherein the weight ratio of the bamboo chips to the lime is 97:3, adding water to keep the humidity of the mixture of the bamboo chips and the lime at 63%, and fermenting for 20 d;
s32: then, uniformly paving fermented 2cm bamboo chips in the box, then spreading a layer of Huang-Cluster bacteria strain on the bamboo chips, then uniformly covering fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the Huang-Cluster bacteria strain, then covering straw on the fertile soil, and then spraying micro water on the straw to keep the humidity of the straw at 85%;
s4: removing the straw after the hypha grows out of the soil surface;
s5: spraying micro water once a day to keep the humidity of the fertile soil at 90%;
s6: and (6) fruiting.
Example 5
The wood chips in example 2 were replaced with the bamboo chips, and the cultivation of the Huangqu mushroom was performed under the same conditions.
Example 6
The straw layer in example 2 was removed, and the hardy sorangium was cultivated under the same conditions.
Example 7
The sandy loam soil of example 2 was replaced with ordinary soil, and the cultivation of the Huangclusian bacteria was performed under the same conditions.
Comparative example
The Huangqun mushroom is cultivated by adopting the existing method for cultivating the open field mushroom as described in the application number CN201210283818.
The yields of all the examples and the comparative examples are counted, and the commodity of the Huangqun bacteria cultivated in all the examples and the comparative examples (whether the mixed bacteria are few, whether the bacteria are uniform in size, whether the stipe is fruited, whether the spore amount is small, whether the color is pure, and the like) is compared, and the statistical results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the cultivation conditions of example 2 are the best cultivation conditions of the present invention, and the existing field cultivation methods are not suitable for the cultivation of the Huangjun mushroom of the present invention after 1 and 3 times of the implementation; the yield of the Huang Cluster bacteria can be greatly improved by inoculating the Huang cluster bacteria strains in multiple layers; compared with sawdust, the fermented bamboo chips are more beneficial to the growth of the Huang-Cluster bacteria, so that the Huang-Cluster bacteria with better commodity are obtained; the water content during cultivation needs to be strictly controlled, sandy loam is selected as a planting field, the appearance of the Huangqun mushrooms is guaranteed, and the marketability of the Huangqun mushrooms is improved.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and is not to be construed as limited to the exclusion of other embodiments, and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be used and modifications may be made within the scope of the concepts described herein, either by the above teachings or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The field cultivation method of the Huangclusi is characterized in that the field cultivation method is used for cultivating the Huangclusi, and the Huangclusi (Agrocybe smithii ZOZOZOZO-XW-B Huangclusi) strain is preserved in China center for type culture Collection; the preservation address is located in Wuhan university in Wuhan, China; the preservation date is 2021, 6 months and 18 days; the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2021715, its cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly laying a first layer of fermented bamboo chips into the soil pit, then spreading a layer of Huang-Shu-Jun strain on the first layer of bamboo chips, and then uniformly covering a first layer of fertile soil on the Huang-Shu-Jun strain;
s2: uniformly paving a second layer of fermented bamboo dust on the first layer of fertile soil, then spreading a layer of Huang-Cluster bacteria strain on the second layer of bamboo dust, then uniformly paving a third layer of fermented bamboo dust on the Huang-Cluster bacteria strain, and then uniformly covering the second layer of fertile soil on the third layer of bamboo dust;
s3: spraying micro water once a day after the hyphae grow out of the soil surface to keep the humidity of the fertile soil at 90%;
s4: and (6) fruiting.
2. The field cultivation method of Huang Cluster bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil pit is dug on fertile and pollution-free sandy loam with high humidity; adding lime into the sand soil, and then repeatedly turning and uniformly mixing; the addition amount of the lime is 2-5% of the sand loam mass.
3. The field cultivation method of Huang Cluster bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: paving straws on the fertile soil of the last layer, and spraying micro water on the straws to keep the humidity of the straws at 85%; and then removing the straws after the mycelium of the Huanggu mushrooms grows out of the ground.
4. The field cultivation method of Huang Cluster bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the first layer of bamboo dust paved in the soil pit is 2 cm; the thickness of the first layer of the fertile soil on the bamboo chips with the thickness of 2cm is 3 cm; the thickness of the second layer of bamboo dust covered on the 3cm of the fertile soil is also 2 cm; spreading the Huang-cluster-bacteria strain above the second layer of bamboo chips, and then paving a third layer of bamboo chips with the thickness of 2 cm; and the thickness of the second layer of fertile soil covering the upper part of the third layer of bamboo cuttings is 5 cm.
5. The field cultivation method of Huangclusian bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the width of each soil pit is 1m, the length of each soil pit is 3m, the interval between the wide edges of every two soil pits is 1m, and the interval between the long edges of every two soil pits is 20 cm.
6. The field cultivation method of Huang Cluster bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: lime is added into the bamboo chips in the step S3, and the weight ratio of the bamboo chips to the lime is 97: 3.
7. The field cultivation method of Huangclusian bacteria as claimed in claim 6, wherein: adding water to keep the humidity of the mixture of the bamboo chips and the lime at 63%, and fermenting for 20 d.
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| CN202111648048.XA CN115104478A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Large-field cultivation method of Huangqu mushroom |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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