CN115094844B - Fish passing facility, hydraulic structure and fish passing method in construction period - Google Patents
Fish passing facility, hydraulic structure and fish passing method in construction period Download PDFInfo
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- CN115094844B CN115094844B CN202211023252.7A CN202211023252A CN115094844B CN 115094844 B CN115094844 B CN 115094844B CN 202211023252 A CN202211023252 A CN 202211023252A CN 115094844 B CN115094844 B CN 115094844B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fish passing facility, a hydraulic building and a fish passing method in a construction period. Choose the class of flow board to choose main river course with the high velocity of flow rivers through the setting to form the migration district that suitable fish went up to the velocity of flow, form comparatively mild rivers, realize that low reaches migration fish at first can enter into through low reaches import department and go up to the fish inslot, the fish in part migration district to the partition wall outside migration also can enter into through the fish hole on the partition wall and go up to the fish inslot and go up to, avoid because the river course velocity of flow after the constriction increases by a wide margin, form the technical problem of obvious velocity of flow barrier to the passageway of going up to the migration fish.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fish passing buildings, in particular to a fish passing facility, a hydraulic building and a fish passing method in a construction period.
Background
Water conservancy and shipping hub projects such as gate dams built on rivers have great economic and social benefits, and meanwhile, the original connectivity of the rivers is damaged, and fish migration channels are blocked. The fishway is used as a special building for helping fishes to migrate across the dam, and has important significance for protecting fish resources and maintaining river biodiversity.
At present, related research results, patent technologies and the like of fishways are all permanent fish passing buildings for hub engineering, and mainly solve the problem that fishes pass through dams after hubs are built. For inland river junction engineering, the problem of fish crossing a dam in the operation period is really important, and the problem of fish migration in the same engineering construction period is not ignored, the reason is that cofferdams are mostly constructed in inland river junction engineering, the construction of the cofferdams can greatly narrow the original natural river bed, so that the flow speed of the narrowed river channel is greatly increased, and an obvious flow speed barrier is formed for an upstream channel of the migratory fish, as shown in figure 1 (the numbers in the figure indicate the instantaneous flow speed of rivers at different points, and the unit is m/s), as shown in figure 2, the construction cofferdams greatly narrow the river channel in the construction period, and the flow speed of the narrowed river channel is increased by 2 times compared with the natural state, so that the swimming capacity of the migratory fish is greatly exceeded. Meanwhile, the construction period of the engineering is long, generally 2-3 years, and more 5-8 years. Therefore, the influence on fish resources in the construction period cannot be ignored, and how to solve the problem of upward migration of fishes in the hub construction period becomes a very concerned problem for design and scientific research personnel in recent years, but no mature solution is provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a fish passing facility, a hydraulic structure and a fish passing method during construction, so as to solve the defects of the prior art, and solve the problems that the flow velocity of the narrowed river channel is greatly increased, and an obvious flow velocity barrier is formed for an upstream channel of migratory fishes.
In order to achieve the purpose, one technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a fish facility is crossed in construction period, this fish facility is crossed in construction period sets up on the main river course that needs to build water conservancy, shipping pivot engineering, and building engineering is provided with the vertical cofferdam of construction period and the horizontal cofferdam of construction period, and this fish facility is crossed in construction period includes:
the partition wall is used for forming a fish passing groove with the longitudinal cofferdam in the construction period;
the flow selecting plates are used for selecting the high-flow-speed water flow to a high-flow-speed area of the main river channel and forming a migration area suitable for the upstream flow speed of fishes;
and fish passing holes are formed in the second flow gathering plate and the partition wall which are arranged behind the second flow gathering plate along the water flow direction and are used for guiding fishes to enter the fish passing groove.
Furthermore, the partition wall is arranged on the outer side of the longitudinal cofferdam in the construction period and is parallel to the longitudinal cofferdam in the construction period.
Furthermore, the flow deflecting plate is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the partition wall and forms an oblique angle with the partition wall.
Furthermore, a plurality of the fish passing holes are uniformly formed in the surfaces of the second flow gathering plate and the partition wall behind the second flow gathering plate, which are arranged in the water flow direction.
Further, the fish passing groove comprises a downstream inlet and an upstream outlet.
Furthermore, the upstream outlet is arc-shaped and used for guiding the fishes in the fish passing groove into a slow flow area at the upstream of the transverse cofferdam in the construction period.
The invention provides another technical scheme which is as follows: a hydraulic structure comprises the fish passing device during construction.
The invention provides another technical scheme which is as follows: a method of passing fish, the method comprising:
s1, building the fish passing facility in the construction period in a hydraulic building, and enabling the fish passing facility to flow through;
s2, after the flowing, enabling the downstream migratory fishes to enter a fish passing groove through a downstream inlet and tracing upwards;
s3, allowing part of fishes migrating to a migration area outside the partition wall to enter a fish passing groove through fish passing holes in the partition wall for upward tracing;
s4, the first flow gathering plate arranged along the water flow direction is not provided with a fish passing hole, so that downstream migratory fishes are prevented from entering a high-flow-rate area of a main river channel and are prevented from being difficult to trace upwards;
and S5, migrating fishes in the downstream through the upstream outlet, entering a slow flow region in the upstream of the transverse cofferdam in the construction period, and finishing migration upstream tracing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the technology, the construction cofferdam is fully utilized, and the construction cofferdam is combined with the fish passing facilities recorded in the construction period, so that the upstream tracing of the downstream migratory fishes is realized, and a new fish passing building is not needed. Choose the class of flow board to choose main river course with the high velocity of flow rivers through the setting to form the migration district that suitable fish went up to the velocity of flow, form comparatively mild rivers, realize that low reaches migration fish at first can enter into through low reaches import department and go up to the fish inslot, the fish in part migration district to the partition wall outside migration also can enter into through the fish hole on the partition wall and go up to the fish inslot and go up to, avoid because the river course velocity of flow after the constriction increases by a wide margin, form the technical problem of obvious velocity of flow barrier to the passageway of going up to the migration fish.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the flow rate of a natural river at a dam site prior to construction of a certain junction project in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the river flow rate at the cofferdam construction during the construction period of a certain junction project in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a construction-period fish-passing facility combined with a construction cofferdam according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the point A in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partition wall according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second and subsequent baffle plates arranged in the direction of water flow according to example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a construction-period fish passing facility combined with a construction cofferdam according to the embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a construction-period fish-passing facility in combination with a construction cofferdam according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view of example 5 of the present invention at B;
wherein, 1, longitudinal cofferdam in construction period; 2. a transverse cofferdam in a construction period; 3. a partition wall; 4. passing through a fish tank; 5. a flow picking plate; 6. a high flow rate zone; 7. a migration zone; 8. passing through a fish hole; 9. an upstream outlet; 10. a downstream inlet; 11. a slow flow area; 12. and (4) a gate.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings that illustrate the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 3-6, a construction period fish passing facility is provided on a main river channel where a water conservancy and shipping junction project needs to be built, the construction project is provided with a construction period longitudinal cofferdam 1 and a construction period transverse cofferdam 2, and the construction period fish passing facility comprises:
the partition wall 3 is used for forming a fish passing groove 4 with the longitudinal cofferdam 1 in the construction period;
specifically, the partition wall 3 is arranged on the outer side of the longitudinal cofferdam 1 in the construction period and is parallel to the longitudinal cofferdam 1 in the construction period.
The flow selecting plates 5 are used for selecting the high-flow-speed water flow to a high-flow-speed area 6 of the main river channel and forming a migration area 7 suitable for the upstream flow speed of fishes;
specifically, the baffle 5 is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the partition wall 3 and forms an oblique angle with the partition wall 3.
The second and the following flow gathering plates 5 arranged along the water flow direction and the partition wall 3 are both provided with fish passing holes 8 for guiding fishes to enter the fish passing grooves 4;
specifically, a plurality of the fish passing holes 8 are uniformly formed in the second and subsequent surfaces of the baffle plate 5 and the partition wall 3, which are arranged along the water flow direction, so that part of fishes migrating to the migration area 7 outside the partition wall can enter the fish passing groove 4 through the fish passing holes 8 in the partition wall 3 to go up.
Specifically, a first flow gathering plate 5 arranged along the water flow direction is not provided with a fish passing hole, so that downstream migration fishes are prevented from entering a high flow velocity area 6 of a main river channel and are difficult to trace upwards.
Further, the fish tank 4 comprises a downstream inlet 10 and an upstream outlet 9.
The downstream migratory fishes firstly enter the fish passing groove 4 through the downstream inlet 10 to go up, and then go out of the fish passing groove 4 from the upstream outlet 9 to finish the up-tracking; when part of fishes migrating to the migration area 7 outside the partition wall can also enter the fish passing grooves 4 through the fish passing holes 8 in the partition wall 3 to go up.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 7, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the upstream outlet 9 is set to be circular arc-shaped, so as to guide migratory fishes in the fish tank 4 into the slow flow area 11 at the upstream of the horizontal cofferdam 2 during construction, when migratory fishes swim out of the fish tank 4, the migratory fishes are instantly in the main river, when the river has a large flow rate, because the cross section of the upstream outlet 9 is smaller than the cross section of the main river, i.e. the pressure of the water flow at the upstream outlet 9 is large, the migratory fishes are not favorable to enter the main river, and the water flow in the main river is also very rapid, and the migratory fishes are not favorable to go up, and the upstream outlet 9 can be set to be circular arc-shaped, and forms the slow flow area 11 with the horizontal cofferdam 2 during construction, the water flow in the slow flow area 11 is slow, the outlet surface of the slow flow area 11 is large, the instantaneous pressure of the water flow is small, and the migratory fishes go down into the main river, so as to complete the going up.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1-2 is that, furthermore, the inclination angle formed by the flow-gathering plate 5 and the partition wall 3 can be adjusted according to the actual water flow condition of the main river and the construction conditions.
Specifically, can adopt swing joint structure, set up and be choosing the junction of class board 5 and partition wall 3 for choose the more quick outside of installing at partition wall 3 of class board 5, when the existing damage, the maintenance replacement of can being convenient for, simultaneously, increase according to the rivers condition of actual main river course, construction operating mode and cross the fish effect and adjust, the angle of convenient angle of inclination of adjustment with choose the mounted position etc. of class board 5.
The movable connection structure is not limited to the connection structure in the prior art, such as a pin, a slot, a clamping connection and the like arranged at the connection position.
Example 4
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that, in practical situations, when it is difficult to provide the baffle plates 5 under other conditions, or the types and the number of the fishes migrating in the river are small, the baffle plates 5 are not needed, the partition walls 3 and the longitudinal cofferdam 1 in the construction period form the fish passing grooves 4, and the flow velocity in the channel can also meet the requirements of the fishes migrating due to the influence of the upstream arc segment.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 8-9, the difference from the embodiment 1-4 is that the river is subjected to a simulation test of a hydraulic model in the early stage of construction, and the flow rate is estimated through simulation, if the flow rate of the river is large in the construction period of the building engineering, which causes the flow rate in the fish passing tank 4 to exceed the migration requirement, a gate 12 may be added at the upstream outlet 9 of the fish passing tank 4 to control the flow rate in the channel, and further control the flow rate; the specific migration requirement can be specified according to the swimming capability of the existing migratory fishes in the actual riverway.
Example 6
A hydraulic structure comprising a fish passage during construction as in any one of embodiments 1 to 5 above.
Example 7
A method of passing fish, the method comprising:
s1, building a fish passing facility in the hydraulic building in the construction period of the embodiment 1-5, and allowing the fish to pass through the facility;
s2, after the water flows through, the downstream migratory fishes enter the fish passing groove 4 through the downstream inlet 10 to go up;
s3, allowing partial fishes migrating to a migration area 7 outside the partition wall 3 to enter the fish passing groove 4 through the fish passing holes 8 in the partition wall 3 and tracing upwards;
s4, the first flow gathering plate 5 arranged along the water flow direction is not provided with a fish passing hole, so that downstream migratory fishes are prevented from entering a high-flow-velocity area 6 of the main river channel and are prevented from being difficult to trace upwards;
and S5, migrating fishes in the downstream through an upstream outlet 9, entering a slow flow area 11 at the upstream of the transverse cofferdam 2 in the construction period, and finishing migration upstream tracing.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fish facility is crossed to construction period, this fish facility is crossed to construction period sets up on the main river course that needs to build water conservancy, shipping pivot engineering, and building engineering is provided with longitudinal cofferdam (1) of construction period and the horizontal cofferdam (2) of construction period, and its characterized in that, this fish facility is crossed to construction period including:
the partition wall (3) is used for forming a fish passing groove (4) with the longitudinal cofferdam (1) in the construction period;
the flow selecting plates (5) are used for selecting the high-flow-speed water flow to a high-flow-speed area (6) of the main river channel and forming a migration area (7) suitable for the upstream flow speed of fishes;
the second and the following flow gathering plates (5) arranged along the water flow direction and the partition wall (3) are both provided with fish passing holes (8) for guiding fishes to enter the fish passing groove (4);
the flow-picking plate (5) is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the partition wall (3) and forms an oblique angle with the partition wall (3).
2. A construction-time fish-passing installation according to claim 1, wherein the partition walls (3) are arranged outside the construction-time longitudinal cofferdam (1) and parallel to the construction-time longitudinal cofferdam (1).
3. A construction-period fish passing facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of said fish passing holes (8) are uniformly formed on the surface of the second and subsequent baffle plates (5) and partition walls (3) arranged in the direction of water flow.
4. A construction-time fish passage installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fish passage trough (4) comprises a downstream inlet (10) and an upstream outlet (9).
5. A construction fish passing installation according to claim 4, wherein the upstream outlet (9) is arcuate for directing fish in the fish passing trough (4) to a slow flow zone (11) upstream of the transverse cofferdam (2) during construction.
6. A hydraulic structure comprising a construction period fish passing facility as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A method of passing fish, the method comprising:
s1, building a fish passing facility in a hydraulic building during construction period according to any one of claims 1-5, and allowing the fish to flow through;
s2, after the water flows through, the downstream migratory fishes enter the fish passing groove (4) through the downstream inlet (10) to go up;
s3, allowing part of fishes migrating to a migration area (7) outside the partition wall (3) to enter a fish passing groove (4) through fish passing holes (8) in the partition wall (3) for upward tracing;
s4, a first flow gathering plate (5) arranged along the water flow direction is not provided with a fish passing hole, so that downstream migratory fishes are prevented from entering a high flow velocity area (6) of a main river channel and are difficult to trace upwards;
and S5, migrating fishes in the downstream through an upstream outlet (9) and entering a slow flow area (11) at the upstream of the transverse cofferdam (2) in the construction period to finish migration tracing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211023252.7A CN115094844B (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Fish passing facility, hydraulic structure and fish passing method in construction period |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211023252.7A CN115094844B (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Fish passing facility, hydraulic structure and fish passing method in construction period |
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| CN115094844B true CN115094844B (en) | 2022-10-28 |
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Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4437431A (en) * | 1981-11-06 | 1984-03-20 | Koch David L | Method and apparatus for diversion of downstream migrating anadromous fish |
| CN202157314U (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-03-07 | 同济大学 | Arch-shaped clapboard for ecological fishway |
| CN205259147U (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-05-25 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Ecological fishway with multistage velocity of flow passageway |
| CN108277784A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-13 | 安徽理工大学 | It is adapted to the imitative nature fish pass of different Burden-Swimming Ability of KM fish |
| CN110616695A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Swimming channel suitable for migratory fishes to pass through |
| CN111254890A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Arrangement mode and arrangement structure of fishway inlet |
| CN211200321U (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-08-07 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Fish passageway structure is crossed to low head weir dam |
| CN113463582A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-01 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Be suitable for and found bottom hole type fishway view weir structure that falls |
| CN215758907U (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-02-08 | 林清阳 | Fish device of crossing of water conservancy dam |
| CN114150632A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-08 | 浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院) | Temporary fish passing channel of low-water-head barrage and fish passing method |
| CN114319262A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-12 | 中国计量大学 | Fish migration channel with energy dissipation structure |
| CN114808878A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-29 | 刘君健 | Reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether |
-
2022
- 2022-08-25 CN CN202211023252.7A patent/CN115094844B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4437431A (en) * | 1981-11-06 | 1984-03-20 | Koch David L | Method and apparatus for diversion of downstream migrating anadromous fish |
| CN202157314U (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-03-07 | 同济大学 | Arch-shaped clapboard for ecological fishway |
| CN205259147U (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-05-25 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Ecological fishway with multistage velocity of flow passageway |
| CN108277784A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-13 | 安徽理工大学 | It is adapted to the imitative nature fish pass of different Burden-Swimming Ability of KM fish |
| CN110616695A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Swimming channel suitable for migratory fishes to pass through |
| CN211200321U (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-08-07 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Fish passageway structure is crossed to low head weir dam |
| CN111254890A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Arrangement mode and arrangement structure of fishway inlet |
| CN113463582A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-01 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Be suitable for and found bottom hole type fishway view weir structure that falls |
| CN215758907U (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-02-08 | 林清阳 | Fish device of crossing of water conservancy dam |
| CN114150632A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-08 | 浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院) | Temporary fish passing channel of low-water-head barrage and fish passing method |
| CN114319262A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-12 | 中国计量大学 | Fish migration channel with energy dissipation structure |
| CN114808878A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-29 | 刘君健 | Reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether |
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| CN115094844A (en) | 2022-09-23 |
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