CN114808878A - Reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether - Google Patents
Reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether Download PDFInfo
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- CN114808878A CN114808878A CN202210669989.XA CN202210669989A CN114808878A CN 114808878 A CN114808878 A CN 114808878A CN 202210669989 A CN202210669989 A CN 202210669989A CN 114808878 A CN114808878 A CN 114808878A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fishways and discloses a reciprocating type common-side-wall fishway structure which comprises a fishway main body, wherein a fishway groove which is zigzag-shaped and is folded back and forth in a reciprocating manner is formed in the fishway main body, a downstream fish inlet is formed in one end, located at the downstream, of the fishway groove, the downstream fish inlet is used for feeding fish and discharging water, an upstream fish outlet is formed in one end, located at the upstream, of the fishway groove, the upstream fish outlet is used for feeding water and discharging fish, and the gradient from the downstream fish inlet to the upstream fish outlet fishway groove is gradually raised. Upstream water goes out the fish mouth through the upper reaches and gets into the fishway groove, then advance the fish mouth through the fishway groove from the low reaches and discharge, the low reaches fish advances the fish mouth through the low reaches and traces to, nevertheless reach the upper reaches from the upper reaches via the fishway groove play fish mouth, thereby accomplish tracing to on of fish, in the time of simple structure, fishway engineering construction cost is also lower, fishway area has been reduced, excavation structural engineering volume has been reduced, from the groove on one's body, in, the high part of lower height adopts different measures respectively to reduce the velocity of flow, improve fishway fish living environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fishways, in particular to a reciprocating type common-side-wall fishway structure.
Background
At present, hydraulic engineering enters a high-quality development stage, ecological environment protection is increasingly important, and the importance of the fishway as a building which is most closely combined with the ecological environment protection in the hydraulic engineering is increasingly important. The fish way is designed for ensuring genetic communication of upstream and downstream fishes, particularly migration and up-tracking of the fishes, and the key point of the fish way design is that the flow velocity of water flow in the fish way meets the flow velocity which can be overcome by the swimming capability of the fishes.
Most of hydraulic engineering can cause rivers to generate upstream and downstream water level differences, and under the influence of the water level differences, corresponding structures are needed to be adopted in fishways to control water flow speed, water depth and the like so as to meet the requirements of fish passing.
In actual engineering, the landforms of the upstream and downstream of a dam (gate) are steep (particularly downstream), or the arrangement position of a fishway is limited and narrow, and when the water level fall is large, the fishway requires long plane distance, wide land occupation, more excavation and large investment due to a longitudinal slope. For the problems, the methods of plane reciprocating, digging and filling combination, bent frame and the like are mostly adopted to reduce the expansion length, occupied area, excavation amount and the like of the fishway at present, but still greater design optimization redundancy exists.
Based on the above, we propose a reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a reciprocating type common-side-wall fishway structure which has the advantages of simple structure and small occupied area, solves the problems of long expansion length, wide occupied area range, large excavation amount and the like of the traditional fishway, provides different measures for reducing the flow velocity in the fishway, and is more beneficial to the upstream migration and the migration of fishes in the fishway.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the purposes of simple structure and small occupied area, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a reciprocating type is side wall fishway structure altogether, includes the fishway main part, be formed with the fishway groove that is the reciprocal inflection of zigzag in the fishway main part, the fishway groove is located the one end in low reaches and has seted up low reaches and advance the fish mouth, the fish mouth is advanced in low reaches and is used for into fish and go out water, the fishway groove is located the one end in upper reaches and has seted up the upper reaches and go out the fish mouth, the upper reaches goes out the fish mouth and is used for into water and go out the fish, advances the slope in the fish mouth supreme fish mouth fishway groove of swimming and raises gradually by low reaches.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, a common partition wall is provided between adjacent fishway slots.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, a flow guide mechanism is arranged on the common partition wall;
and the flow guide mechanisms on the two adjacent common partition walls are arranged in a staggered manner.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the flow guide mechanism is an overflow hole, a flow guide plate or a flow guide pipe.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, an arched clapboard is arranged at the side, protruding towards the water inlet, of the fishway groove.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the arched partition plate includes a first plate body, a second plate body, and a third plate body;
the length of the first plate body is 4/7 of the width of the fishway groove, and the height of the first plate body is 2/3-1 of the depth of the fishway groove; the length of the second plate body is 1/7 of the width of the fishway groove, and the height of the second plate body is 1/5-1/4 of the depth of the fishway groove; the third plate body has a length of 2/7 the width of the fishway groove and a height of 1/2 the depth of the fishway groove.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, energy dissipation ridges are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the fishway groove in a staggered mode.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the top of the inner wall of the fishway groove is fixedly provided with symmetrical beams.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, planting grooves are formed at the tops of the symmetrical beams, and aquatic plants are planted in the planting grooves.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a reciprocating type common-side-wall fishway structure, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. this reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether, upstream rivers pass through the upper reaches and go out the fish mouth and get into the fishway groove, then advance the fish mouth through the fishway groove from the lower reaches and discharge, low reaches fish advance the fish mouth through the lower reaches and go up to trace, nevertheless reach the upper reaches from the upper reaches via the fishway groove from the upper reaches fish mouth, thereby accomplish going up to tracing to of fish, while simple structure, fishway engineering construction cost is also lower, the area of fishway has been reduced, excavation structural engineering volume has been reduced, from the groove on the body, in, the lower high part adopts different measures respectively to reduce the velocity of flow, improve the fishway environment.
2. This reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether has water conservancy diversion mechanism (cross discharge orifice, guide plate or honeycomb duct, is located the high well upper portion of groove body) on the sharing partition wall, because of rivers flow direction is relative in the adjacent both sides of reciprocating type fishway structure, height is low down on the flood peak, through the back of small cross section water conservancy diversion mechanism intercommunication, the backward flow that the upper segment was derived plays the top support to the hypomere velocity of flow and slows down the effect, can reduce the resistance that fishes gram flow went up to tracing to, the reinforcing crosses the fish effect.
3. This reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether, fishway inslot is protruding to being provided with the arch baffle (being located groove height major part) to the side of intaking, and the arch baffle mainly plays the separation fish pond, reduces the rivers velocity of flow, for fish provide the relative still water district effect of rest, is favorable to going up of fish to trace to.
4. This reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether, the planting inslot at symmetrical roof beam (being located fishway groove upper portion scope) top is planted aquatic plant, and roof beam body and aquatic plant can both increase the roughness, slow down the velocity of flow, for fish provide relative still water district and hide the shade area, and the rest of the stop of the fish of being convenient for, feed reduce fishway groove side wall thickness. The aquatic plants construct a natural environment-like effect, and the fishway adaptability is enhanced.
5. This reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether, energy dissipation bank (being located fishway tank bottom portion scope) can increase the bottom roughness, slow down the velocity of flow, for fish provide relative still water district and absorb bait etc. the rest of the stop of the fish of being convenient for, feed, reduce fishway groove side wall thickness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the arched diaphragm portion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a symmetrical beam portion of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fishway body; 2. a fishway groove; 201. a downstream fish inlet; 202. an upstream fish outlet; 3. a common partition wall; 4. an arched partition plate; 401. a first plate body; 402. a second plate body; 403. a third plate body; 5. a flow guide pipe; 6. energy dissipation bank; 7. a symmetrical beam.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-5, a reciprocating type common side wall fishway structure includes a fishway body 1, as shown in fig. 1, fishway grooves 2 folded back and forth in a zigzag manner are formed in the fishway body 1, a common partition wall 3 is disposed between adjacent fishway grooves 2, a downstream fish inlet 201 is formed at one end of the fishway groove 2 located at the downstream, the downstream fish inlet 201 is used for feeding and discharging fish, an upstream fish outlet 202 is formed at one end of the fishway groove 2 located at the upstream, and the upstream fish outlet 202 is used for feeding and discharging fish;
the slope of the fishway groove 2 is gradually raised from the downstream fish inlet 201 to the upstream fish outlet 202, in the embodiment, the length of the fishway groove 2 is 20-100 m, the bottom width is 1-5 m, and the bottom slope is 1/30-1/80 (which can be adjusted according to the needs of different fishes);
upstream rivers pass through upstream fish mouth 202 and get into fishway groove 2, then advance fish mouth 201 through fishway groove 2 from the low reaches and discharge, downstream fish advance the fish mouth 201 through the low reaches and trace upward, nevertheless reach the upper reaches from upstream fish mouth 202 through fishway groove 2, thereby accomplish the upward tracing of fish, simple structure's while, fishway engineering construction cost is also lower, the area of fishway has been reduced, excavation structural engineering volume has been reduced, adopt different measures respectively to reduce the velocity of flow, improve the fishway environment from the upper, middle, lower high part of groove body.
In this embodiment, the common partition walls 3 are provided with the diversion mechanisms, and the diversion mechanisms on two adjacent common partition walls 3 are arranged in a staggered manner, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the diversion mechanisms are overflow holes, diversion plates or diversion pipes 5, in this embodiment, the diversion mechanisms are the diversion pipes 5, and the diversion pipes 5 are one of the passages through which water flows in the fishway groove 2, and have the function of helping fishes to restrict the flow and trace upward;
an arched partition plate 4 is further arranged in the fishway groove 2 and protrudes towards the water inlet side, and in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the arched partition plate 4 comprises a first plate body 401, a second plate body 402 and a third plate body 403; the length of the first plate body 401 is 4/7 of the width of the fishway groove 2, and the height is equal to the depth of the fishway groove 2; the length of the second plate body 402 is 1/7 of the width of the fishway groove 2, and the height is 1/5-1/4 of the depth of the fishway groove 2; the length of the third plate body 403 is 2/7 the width of the fishway groove 2, and the height is 1/2 the depth of the fishway groove 2; the arched partition plate 4 mainly plays a role in separating the fish pond and reducing the flow velocity of water flow, and is beneficial to the upward tracing of fish;
in this embodiment, the lengths and depths of the first plate 401, the second plate 402, and the third plate 403 may be adjusted according to different fish needs, and the first plate 401 and the third plate 403 of adjacent arched partition plates 4 may be alternately arranged on the left and right sides;
as shown in fig. 2, energy dissipation ridges 6 are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the fishway groove 2 in a staggered manner, and the energy dissipation ridges 6 can increase the roughness of the groove bottom, slow down the flow rate of water flow and absorb bait;
in the embodiment, the energy dissipation ridge 6 is arranged perpendicular to the water flow, the length of the energy dissipation ridge is 1/10-1/2 of the net width of the fishway groove 2, the height of the energy dissipation ridge is 1/10-1/5 times of the maximum water depth of the fishway groove 2, and the interval is 0.2-1.0 m;
as shown in fig. 5, the top of the inner wall of the fishway groove 2 is fixedly provided with a symmetrical beam 7, the top of the symmetrical beam 7 is provided with a planting groove, aquatic plants are planted in the planting groove, the beam body and the aquatic plants can increase the roughness and slow down the flow velocity of water, meanwhile, the fish can stay for rest and eat conveniently, and the thickness of the side wall of the fishway groove 2 is reduced.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows:
upstream water flow enters the fishway groove 2 through the upstream fish outlet 202 and then is discharged from the downstream fish inlet 201 through the fishway groove 2, downstream fishes go up through the downstream fish inlet 201, but reach upstream from the upstream fish outlet 202 through the fishway groove 2, so that the fish goes up, the structure is simple, meanwhile, the construction cost of fishway engineering is lower, the floor area of the fishway is reduced, the engineering quantity of excavation structure is reduced, different measures are respectively adopted from the upper, middle and lower height parts of the groove body to reduce the flow rate and improve the fishway environment;
the shared partition wall 3 is provided with a flow guide mechanism (an overflowing hole, a flow guide plate or a flow guide pipe 5 which is positioned at the middle upper part of the height of the tank body), and because the flow directions of water flows in two adjacent sides of the reciprocating fishway structure are opposite and the water head is high and low, after the reciprocating fishway structure is communicated through the small-section flow guide mechanism, the reverse flow guided out from the upper section plays a role in supporting and slowing down the flow velocity of the lower section, the upward tracing resistance of the fish grazing flow can be reduced, and the fish passing effect is enhanced;
an arched clapboard 4 (positioned at the most part of the height of the fish tank body) is arranged at the inward convex water inlet side of the fishway groove 2, and the arched clapboard 4 mainly plays the roles of separating a fishpond, reducing the flow velocity of water flow and providing a rest relative still water area for fishes and is beneficial to the upward tracing of the fishes;
the aquatic plant is planted in the planting groove at the top of the symmetrical beam 7 (located in the upper range of the fishway groove), the beam body and the aquatic plant can increase the roughness, slow down the flow rate of water, provide a relative still water area and a shading area for the fish, the fish can stay for rest and eat conveniently, and the thickness of the side wall of the fishway groove 2 is reduced. The aquatic plants construct a natural environment-like effect, and the fishway adaptability is enhanced;
the energy dissipation bank 6 (be located 2 bottom ranges in the fishway groove) can increase the bottom roughness, slow down the velocity of water flow, for fish provide relative still water district and absorb bait etc. the rest of the stay of fish of being convenient for, the feed reduces 2 side wall thicknesses in the fishway groove.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether, includes fishway main part (1), its characterized in that: fishway groove (2) that are the reciprocal inflection of zigzag are formed in fishway main part (1), fishway groove (2) are located the one end in low reaches and have been seted up low reaches and have advanced fishmouth (201), low reaches advance fishmouth (201) and are used for into the fish and go out water, fishway groove (2) are located the one end in upper reaches and have been seted up upper reaches and go out fishmouth (202), upper reaches go out fishmouth (202) and are used for intaking and go out the fish, advance fishmouth (201) by low reaches and go out the slope of fishway groove (2) and raise gradually of fishmouth (202).
2. The reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure of claim 1, wherein: a shared partition wall (3) is arranged between the adjacent fishway grooves (2).
3. The reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure of claim 1, wherein: a flow guide mechanism is arranged on the common partition wall (3);
the flow guide mechanisms on two adjacent common partition walls (3) are arranged in a staggered mode.
4. The reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure of claim 3, wherein: the flow guide mechanism is an overflowing hole, a flow guide plate or a flow guide pipe (5).
5. The reciprocating type common side wall fishway structure of claim 1, wherein: an arched clapboard (4) is arranged at the side, which protrudes inwards to the water inlet, of the fishway groove (2).
6. The reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure of claim 5, wherein: the arched partition plate (4) comprises a first plate body (401), a second plate body (402) and a third plate body (403);
the length of the first plate body (401) is 4/7 of the width of the fishway groove (2), and the height of the first plate body is 2/3-1 of the depth of the fishway groove (2); the length of the second plate body (402) is 1/7 of the width of the fishway groove (2), and the height of the second plate body is 1/5-1/4 of the depth of the fishway groove (2); the length of the third plate body (403) is 2/7 of the width of the fishway groove (2), and the height is 1/2 of the depth of the fishway groove (2).
7. The reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure of claim 1, wherein: and energy dissipation ridges (6) are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the fishway groove (2) in a staggered manner.
8. The reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure of claim 1, wherein: and symmetrical beams (7) are arranged at the top of the inner wall of the fishway groove (2).
9. The reciprocating type common-side wall fishway structure of claim 8, wherein: the top of the symmetrical beam (7) is provided with a planting groove, and aquatic plants are planted in the planting groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210669989.XA CN114808878A (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210669989.XA CN114808878A (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether |
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| CN114808878A true CN114808878A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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| CN202210669989.XA Pending CN114808878A (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Reciprocating type is wall fishway structure altogether |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115094844A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-23 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fish passing facility, hydraulic structure and fish passing method in construction period |
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| CN202157314U (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-03-07 | 同济大学 | Arch-shaped clapboard for ecological fishway |
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| CN104018473A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 河海大学 | Double-axis adjustable vertical seam type fish way and operation method thereof |
| CN108824381A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-16 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of adjustable stepped fish pass of part water retaining height and its design method |
| CN113047242A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-29 | 福建省水利水电科学研究院 | Imitative ecology crosses fish access structure based on small and miniature weir dam |
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2022
- 2022-06-14 CN CN202210669989.XA patent/CN114808878A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202157314U (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-03-07 | 同济大学 | Arch-shaped clapboard for ecological fishway |
| CN103835272A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-06-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Vertical seam type fishway with 180-degree turning sections |
| CN104018473A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 河海大学 | Double-axis adjustable vertical seam type fish way and operation method thereof |
| CN108824381A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-16 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of adjustable stepped fish pass of part water retaining height and its design method |
| CN113047242A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-29 | 福建省水利水电科学研究院 | Imitative ecology crosses fish access structure based on small and miniature weir dam |
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| Title |
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| 高兴和等: "通江河口长槽多隔仓双向鱼道结构研究与应用", 水利规划与设计, no. 11, pages 3 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115094844A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-23 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fish passing facility, hydraulic structure and fish passing method in construction period |
| CN115094844B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-10-28 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fish passing facility, hydraulic structure and fish passing method in construction period |
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Application publication date: 20220729 |
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