CN115074500B - Heat treatment method for methanol machine nozzle - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for methanol machine nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115074500B CN115074500B CN202210796882.1A CN202210796882A CN115074500B CN 115074500 B CN115074500 B CN 115074500B CN 202210796882 A CN202210796882 A CN 202210796882A CN 115074500 B CN115074500 B CN 115074500B
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- nitriding
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 279
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat treatment method of a methanol machine nozzle, and relates to the technical field of metal processing. The heat treatment method comprises the following steps: filling solder into a nozzle of a methanol machine, placing the nozzle in vacuum, treating the nozzle in three stages, heating the nozzle to 500-520 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment; heating to 895-905 ℃ and carrying out heat preservation treatment; heating to 1135-1145 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment; cooling to 955-965 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment, quenching by using nitrogen, and cooling to below 60 ℃; then placing the mixture in vacuum, heating to 545-555 ℃, and tempering for 4-5 h; placing a nozzle of a methanol machine in ammonium chloride, treating in four stages under an ammonia atmosphere, heating to 345-355 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment; heating to 545-555 ℃, and preserving heat; heating to 575-585 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment; and (5) cooling and air cooling. According to the invention, the mechanical property and the service life of the methanol machine nozzle are improved by optimizing the processing technology of the methanol machine nozzle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, in particular to a heat treatment method of a methanol machine nozzle.
Background
Along with the improvement of the national requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction, the development of the methanol machine is accelerated. The methanol engine is an engine using methanol as a main fuel. The nozzle of the methanol machine belongs to a precise matching part, the working pressure of the nozzle of the methanol machine is generally high pressure or ultrahigh pressure, and the methanol fuel has stronger corrosion effect on the nozzle of the methanol machine. Therefore, the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of the methanol machine nozzle can affect the service performance and life of the methanol machine.
In the prior art, the mechanical strength of the methanol machine nozzle is basically ensured by adopting a high-strength material, and the reasonable processing technology of the methanol machine nozzle in processing and manufacturing directly influences the performance of a final product, so that optimizing the processing technology of the methanol machine nozzle is also an important means for improving the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of the methanol machine nozzle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment method of a methanol machine nozzle, which is used for optimizing the processing technology of the methanol machine nozzle and improving the mechanical property and the service life of the methanol machine nozzle.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for heat treatment of a methanol engine nozzle, comprising the steps of:
and (3) heat treatment of brazing: filling solder into a nozzle of a methanol machine, placing the nozzle in vacuum, and treating the nozzle in three stages, wherein the first stage is as follows: heating to 500-520 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h; and a second stage: heating to 895-905 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h; and a third stage: heating to 1135-1145 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5-2 hours;
quenching: cooling to 955-965 ℃, preserving heat for 1-1.5 h, quenching with 5-10 bar nitrogen, and cooling to below 60 ℃;
tempering: placing a nozzle of a methanol machine in a vacuum furnace, heating to 545-555 ℃, and tempering for 4-5 h;
nitriding: placing a nozzle of a methanol machine in a well nitriding furnace, adding a proper amount of ammonium chloride, and treating in four stages under the condition of ammonia atmosphere, wherein in the first stage: heating to 345-355 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 hours; and a second stage: heating to 545-555 ℃, and preserving heat for 19-21 h; and a third stage: heating to 575-585 ℃, and preserving heat for 39-41 h; fourth stage: cooling to 80-100 ℃, and air cooling.
According to the technical means, the methanol machine nozzle is subjected to vacuum brazing heat treatment and then is directly cooled and air quenched, so that the hardness of the core part of the methanol machine nozzle is effectively ensured, the energy is saved, the production efficiency is improved, the comprehensive mechanical property of the methanol machine nozzle is effectively improved by controlling the quenching temperature, the tempering treatment is performed after the quenching, the hardness of the core part of the methanol machine nozzle can be effectively improved, the quenching stress is removed, meanwhile, the nitriding treatment process is performed in stages, the temperature in the first stage is lower, the surface of the methanol machine nozzle is fully activated, the passivation film on the surface of the methanol machine nozzle is removed, the sufficient precondition is provided for the formation of a subsequent nitriding layer, the hardness and depth of the nitriding layer are effectively ensured by controlling the nitriding temperature in a moderate range in the second stage, the formation of the nitriding layer is accelerated by further heating treatment in the third stage, the quality problems such as cracking and the like caused by the overhigh nitriding hardness are avoided, and the technical indexes of the product requirements are met. Plays a key role in successfully developing, popularizing and applying the methanol machine.
According to experimental study, if the temperature is controlled between 545 ℃ and 555 ℃ in the second stage and the third stage, the formation time of the nitriding layer is too long and uneconomical, and meanwhile, the quality problems of cracks and the like of the nitriding layer caused by too high nitriding hardness can be solved.
Preferably, in the second stage of the nitriding treatment, the ammonia decomposition rate is controlled to be 59-60%.
The hardness and depth of the nitriding layer can be further and effectively controlled by controlling the decomposition rate of ammonia in the second stage of nitriding treatment, so that the comprehensive mechanical property of the nozzle of the methanol machine is improved.
Preferably, in the nitriding treatment, in the third stage, the ammonia decomposition rate is controlled to be 64-65%.
The depth and hardness brittleness of the nitriding layer can be further and effectively controlled by controlling the decomposition rate of ammonia in the third stage of nitriding treatment, so that the comprehensive mechanical property of the nozzle of the methanol machine is improved.
Preferably, in the nitriding treatment, ammonia gas is introduced before cooling in the fourth stage, so that the pressure in the ammonia gas atmosphere is higher than 1 atmosphere.
In the fourth stage of nitriding treatment, the pressure in the ammonia gas atmosphere is controlled to be higher than 1 atmosphere before cooling, so that the problem that the methanol machine nozzle is oxidized or deformed due to air entering is avoided, and the quality of the methanol machine nozzle is further effectively ensured.
Preferably, the nitriding treatment is carried out, the ammonium chloride is anhydrous ammonium chloride powder, the methanol machine nozzle is arranged in the well nitriding furnace, and a proper amount of anhydrous ammonium chloride powder is added, and the gap between the adjacent methanol machine nozzles is at least 5mm.
By controlling the gap between adjacent methanol machine nozzles in the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder, the full activation of the surface of the methanol machine nozzle in the first stage is further effectively ensured, so that the formation of a subsequent nitriding layer is effectively ensured to be more uniform, and the quality of products is improved.
Preferably, the quenching is performed with 5bar nitrogen.
The hardness of the core part of the nozzle of the methanol machine is further effectively ensured by controlling the pressure of nitrogen in the quenching process, and the adverse effect of air or other gases on the nozzle of the methanol machine is avoided.
Preferably, the material of the nozzle is 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb.
Preferably, quenching with nitrogen, cooling to below 60 ℃, and tempering within 0.5 h.
Preferably, before nitriding treatment, machining treatment is further needed, after finishing, a nozzle of a methanol machine is needed to be cleaned, and compressed air is used for drying.
Before machining, the methanol machine nozzle is a crude product, and after welding, quenching and tempering, machining is needed, wherein the machining aims to improve the roughness of the methanol machine nozzle and further improve the precision of products.
Preferably, after nitriding treatment, the hardness of the nitrided layer on the surface of the nozzle of the methanol machine is larger than 851HV 1 The depth of the nitride layer is greater than 0.45mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the heat treatment method of the methanol machine nozzle, the methanol machine nozzle is subjected to vacuum brazing heat treatment and then is directly cooled and air quenched, so that the hardness of the core part of the methanol machine nozzle is effectively ensured, energy and cost are saved, the production efficiency is improved, the comprehensive mechanical property of the methanol machine nozzle is effectively improved by controlling the quenching temperature, tempering treatment is performed after quenching, the hardness of the core part of the methanol machine nozzle can be effectively improved, quenching stress is removed, meanwhile, the nitriding treatment process is performed in stages, the temperature in the first stage is lower, the surface of the methanol machine nozzle is fully activated, passivation films on the surface of the methanol machine nozzle are removed, a sufficient precondition is provided for the formation of a subsequent nitriding layer, the hardness of the nitriding layer is effectively ensured by controlling the nitriding temperature and the ammonia decomposition rate in a moderate range, the formation of the nitriding layer is accelerated by further heating treatment in the third stage, the hardness, the depth and the brittleness of the nitriding layer can be effectively controlled, the quality problems such as cracks are avoided, and the like caused by the excessive nitriding hardness can be effectively prolonged, and the service life of a product is effectively prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding tempering furnace charging mode of a nozzle of a methanol machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the nozzle of the methanol machine during nitriding treatment;
wherein, 1-seat surface, 2-core, 3-terminal surface, 4-welding frock, 5-solder.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, by referring to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are presented by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation.
It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Example 1
A method for heat treatment of a methanol engine nozzle, comprising the steps of:
s1, brazing heat treatment: a needle valve body and a cooling sleeve of a methanol machine nozzle made of a 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb material are assembled and placed on a welding tool 4, corresponding solder 5 is filled at the contact part of the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve, the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve are placed in a mode shown in a figure 1, then the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve are placed in a vacuum brazing gas quenching furnace, vacuumizing is firstly carried out, then the temperature is raised to 510 ℃ for 60 minutes, then the temperature is raised to 900 ℃ for 60 minutes, finally the temperature is raised to 1140 ℃ for 120 minutes, and then the temperature is lowered to 960 ℃ for 60 minutes;
s2, quenching: after the vacuum welding treatment is finished, directly introducing 5bar of high-purity nitrogen for quenching, cooling to below 60 ℃ and discharging, wherein the methanol machine nozzle is required to be transferred into a vacuum tempering furnace within half an hour after discharging;
s3, tempering: placing a nozzle of a methanol machine into a vacuum furnace, and tempering for 240-300 minutes at 550 ℃;
s4, machining: machining after tempering treatment is finished, cleaning all holes and the outer surface of the part after machining is finished, and drying by compressed air;
s5, nitriding: placing parts in order, placing the parts in a furnace according to the mode shown in fig. 2, leaving at least 5mm gaps among the parts, then placing anhydrous ammonium chloride powder according to 0.63g/L (the proportion shows that 0.63g of anhydrous ammonium chloride powder is placed in a 1L furnace), placing the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder in an iron container with a large opening, and dispersing and placing the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder according to 1/46L (the proportion shows that one iron container is placed in a 46L furnace);
the gas nitriding is carried out in a traditional well type gas nitriding furnace, ammonia is firstly introduced after the furnace is filled, air in the furnace is exhausted, then the temperature is immediately raised to 350 ℃ for heat preservation for two hours, then the temperature is raised to 550 ℃, the ammonia decomposition rate is controlled to 59-60% for heat preservation for 20 hours, finally the temperature is raised to 580 ℃, the ammonia decomposition rate is controlled to 64-65% for heat preservation for 40 hours, then the positive pressure (the pressure in the furnace is required to be greater than 1 atmosphere) in the furnace is maintained by introducing ammonia, and the furnace is cooled to below 100 ℃ and is discharged for air cooling.
Example 2
A method for heat treatment of a methanol engine nozzle, comprising the steps of:
s1, brazing heat treatment: a needle valve body and a cooling sleeve of a methanol machine nozzle made of a 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb material are assembled and placed on a welding tool 4, corresponding solder 5 is filled at the contact part of the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve, the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve are placed in a mode shown in a figure 1, then the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve are placed in a vacuum brazing gas quenching furnace, vacuumizing is firstly carried out, then the temperature is raised to 515 ℃ for 90 minutes, then the temperature is raised to 895 ℃ for 90 minutes, finally the temperature is raised to 1135 ℃ for 120 minutes, and then the temperature is lowered to 955 ℃ for 90 minutes;
s2, quenching: after the vacuum welding treatment is finished, directly introducing 5bar of high-purity nitrogen gas for quenching, cooling to below 60 ℃, discharging, and transferring the methanol machine nozzle into a vacuum tempering furnace within half an hour after discharging;
s3, tempering: tempering at 550 ℃ for 240-300 minutes;
s4, machining: machining after tempering treatment is finished, cleaning all holes and the outer surface of the part after machining is finished, and drying by compressed air;
s5, nitriding: placing parts in order, placing the parts in a furnace according to the mode shown in fig. 2, leaving at least 5mm gaps among the parts, then placing anhydrous ammonium chloride powder according to 0.7g/L, placing the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder in an iron container with a large opening, and dispersing and placing the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder according to 1/50L;
after charging, introducing ammonia gas to exhaust air in the furnace, immediately heating to 355 ℃ for heat preservation for two hours, heating to 555 ℃, controlling the ammonia decomposition rate to 59-60% for heat preservation for 19 hours, finally heating to 585 ℃, controlling the ammonia decomposition rate to 64-65% for heat preservation for 39 hours, then introducing ammonia to keep positive pressure in the furnace (the pressure in the furnace is required to be greater than 1 atmosphere), cooling to below 80 ℃, discharging, and air cooling.
Example 3
A method for heat treatment of a methanol engine nozzle, comprising the steps of:
s1, brazing heat treatment: a needle valve body and a cooling sleeve of a methanol machine nozzle made of a 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb material are assembled and placed on a welding tool 4, corresponding solder 5 is filled at the contact part of the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve, the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve are placed in a mode shown in a figure 1, then the needle valve body and the cooling sleeve are placed in a vacuum brazing gas quenching furnace, vacuumizing is firstly carried out, then the temperature is increased to 520 ℃ for 80 minutes, then the temperature is increased to 905 ℃ for 80 minutes, finally the temperature is increased to 1145 ℃ for 120 minutes, and then the temperature is reduced to 965 ℃ for 80 minutes;
s2, quenching: after the vacuum welding treatment is finished, directly introducing 5bar of high-purity nitrogen gas for quenching, cooling to below 60 ℃, discharging, and transferring the methanol machine nozzle into a vacuum tempering furnace within half an hour after discharging;
s3, tempering: tempering at 550 ℃ for 240-300 minutes;
s4, machining: machining after tempering treatment is finished, cleaning all holes and the outer surface of the part after machining is finished, and drying by compressed air;
s5, nitriding: placing parts in order, placing the parts in a furnace according to the mode shown in fig. 2, leaving at least 5mm gaps among the parts, then placing anhydrous ammonium chloride powder according to 0.66g/L, placing the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder in an iron container with a large opening, and dispersing and placing the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder according to 1/48L;
after charging, introducing ammonia gas to exhaust air in the furnace, immediately heating to 345 ℃ for heat preservation for two hours, then heating to 545 ℃, controlling the ammonia decomposition rate to 59-60% for heat preservation for 21 hours, finally heating to 575 ℃, controlling the ammonia decomposition rate to 64-65% for heat preservation for 41 hours, then introducing ammonia to keep positive pressure in the furnace (the pressure in the furnace is required to be greater than 1 atmosphere), cooling to below 90 ℃, discharging, and air cooling.
Detection analysis
HV for heat-treated nozzle of methanol machine in examples 1 to 3 was used 1 Seat surface of methanol machine nozzle for meter detectionDepth and hardness of nitrided layer at 1 with HV 5 The brittleness of the nitride was measured, and the grain size and the metallographic structure of the core 2 of the methanol machine nozzle (the core is the part of the methanol machine nozzle from which the surface nitride layer was removed) were measured with an optical microscope.
The detection result is as follows: the hardness of the 0.05mm part of the seat surface of the 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb methanol engine nozzle after heat treatment in the examples 1 to 3 can reach 851HV 1 The depth of the nitriding layer can reach 0.45mm (core +50HV) 1 ) The brittleness after grinding for 0.05mm can reach 1 level, the nitriding pulse shape is 2 level, no nitriding crack exists, and the hardness of the core part 2 can reach 308HV 1 The grain size of the core part 2 can reach 7 levels, and the nitriding deformation shrinkage of the seat surface 1 to the end surface 3 is within 0.05 mm.
In summary, the heat treatment method of the methanol machine nozzle of the invention is characterized in that the methanol machine nozzle is directly cooled and air quenched after vacuum welding, the hardness of the core part of the methanol machine nozzle is effectively ensured, the comprehensive mechanical property of the methanol machine nozzle is effectively improved by controlling the quenching temperature, tempering treatment is carried out after quenching, the hardness of the core part of the methanol machine nozzle can be effectively improved, the quenching stress is removed, simultaneously, the nitriding treatment process is carried out in stages, the temperature in the first stage is lower, the surface of the methanol machine nozzle is fully activated, the passivation film on the surface of the methanol machine nozzle is removed, a sufficient precondition is provided for the formation of the subsequent nitriding layer, the nitriding temperature and the ammonia decomposition rate are controlled in a moderate range in the second stage, the hardness and depth of the nitriding layer are effectively ensured, the formation of the nitriding layer is accelerated by further heating treatment in the third stage, the hardness, the depth and the brittleness of the nitriding layer are effectively controlled, the quality problems such as crack and the like caused by overhigh nitriding hardness are avoided, and the hardness of the seat surface of the 1Cr12Ni2 mm WMVNb methanol machine nozzle can reach HV 851 after relevant detection 1 The depth of the nitriding layer can reach 0.45mm (core +50HV) 1 ) The brittleness after grinding for 0.05mm can reach 1 level, the nitriding pulse shape is 2 level, no nitriding crack exists, and the core hardness can reach 308HV 1 The grain size of the core part can reach 7 levels, the nitriding deformation shrinkage from the seat surface to the end surface is within 0.05mm, the good mechanical property of the product is ensured, the service life of the product is prolonged, and the product is heated by metalThe technical field of processing, and has popularization and application values.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for heat treatment of a methanol engine nozzle, comprising the steps of:
and (3) heat treatment of brazing: filling solder into a nozzle of a methanol machine, placing the nozzle in vacuum, and treating the nozzle in three stages, wherein the first stage is as follows: heating to 500-520 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h; and a second stage: heating to 895-905 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h; and a third stage: heating to 1135-1145 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5-2 hours;
quenching: cooling to 955-965 ℃, preserving heat for 1-1.5 h, quenching with 5-10 bar nitrogen, and cooling to below 60 ℃;
tempering: placing a nozzle of a methanol machine in vacuum, heating to 545-555 ℃, and tempering for 4-5 h;
nitriding: the method comprises the steps of placing a nozzle of a methanol machine in ammonium chloride, and treating the mixture in four stages under the condition of ammonia gas atmosphere, wherein the first stage is as follows: heating to 345-355 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 hours; and a second stage: heating to 545-555 ℃, preserving heat for 19-21 h, and controlling the ammonia decomposition rate to be 59-60%; and a third stage: heating to 575-585 ℃, preserving heat for 39-41 h, and controlling the decomposition rate of ammonia to be 64-65%; fourth stage: cooling to 80-100 ℃, and air cooling;
the nitriding deformation shrinkage from the seat surface to the end surface of the heat-treated methanol machine nozzle is within 0.05 mm.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nitriding treatment is performed in a fourth stage by introducing ammonia gas before cooling, and the pressure in the ammonia gas atmosphere is higher than 1 atm.
3. The method for heat treatment of a methanol machine nozzle as in claim 1, wherein the nitriding treatment, the ammonium chloride is anhydrous ammonium chloride powder, the methanol machine nozzle is placed in the anhydrous ammonium chloride powder, and a gap between adjacent methanol machine nozzles is at least 5mm.
4. The method for heat treatment of a nozzle of a methanol machine according to claim 1, wherein the quenching is performed with 5bar nitrogen gas.
5. The method for heat treatment of a nozzle of a methanol engine according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is made of 1Cr12Ni2 wmohnb.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tempering treatment is performed within 0.5 hours after quenching with nitrogen and cooling to 60 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical processing is performed before nitriding, and the nozzle is cleaned after nitriding, and the nozzle is dried with compressed air.
8. The method for heat treatment of a nozzle for a methanol engine as in claim 1, wherein after nitriding, the hardness of the nitrided layer on the surface of the nozzle for a methanol engine is greater than 851HV 1 The depth of the nitride layer is greater than 0.45mm.
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| WO2019223925A1 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for producing a metal component |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10147205C1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-05-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Process for the heat treatment of workpieces made of temperature-resistant steels |
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| JPS5756142A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1982-04-03 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Nozzle for manufacturing thin strip of quenched metal |
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