CN109487202A - For the nitridation process of stainless steel material - Google Patents
For the nitridation process of stainless steel material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109487202A CN109487202A CN201811368497.7A CN201811368497A CN109487202A CN 109487202 A CN109487202 A CN 109487202A CN 201811368497 A CN201811368497 A CN 201811368497A CN 109487202 A CN109487202 A CN 109487202A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to material heat treatment fields, are related to a kind of nitridation process for stainless steel material, including heat preservation, heat preservation includes first stage and second stage, the technological parameter of first stage is 545 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, keeps the temperature 10h ± 0.5h, and ammonia decomposition is controlled in 45-55%；The technological parameter of second stage is 565 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, keeps the temperature 25 ± 0.5h h, and ammonia decomposition is controlled in 55-65%.The present invention provides a kind of shortening nitriding time, the hardness for improving stainless steel material and wearability, extends the service life of stainless steel material and the nitridation process for stainless steel material of production cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material heat treatment field, it is related to a kind of nitridation process for stainless steel material more particularly to one
Kind is for austenitic stainless steel or the nitridation process of martensitic stain less steel.
Background technique
Research of the catalytic cementation technology in thermo-chemical treatment and application have become the hot spot that domestic and foreign scholars chase.For metal
The modification on surface can significantly improve chemical element permeating speed by the addition of energizer, improve diffusion layer organization, improve
Penetrated layer property shows to urge infiltration effect, has a good application prospect in Steel Chemical Field of Heat-treatment, also will to technology development
Play positive facilitation.Generally all by HB/Z 79-95, " aeronautic structure steel and stainless steel seep domestic existing nitridation process
Nitrogen process specification " it carries out, according to content documented by the HB/Z 79-95, when depth of penetration reaches 0.1mm, nitriding work
Skill includes 545 ± 5 DEG C of first segment temperature, keeps the temperature 30h；565 ± 5 DEG C of second segment temperature, 20h is kept the temperature, first segment seeps by force time ratio
Second segment diffusion time is long, and overall time could ensure using wanting in 50h from infiltration layer, surface hardness, brittleness and tissue
It asks.Time-consuming for the nitridation process, processes part low efficiency.Meanwhile domestic and international periodicals and magazines is retrieved, there are no specifically for rare earth
Energizer is applied to the data of the process method for nitriding on 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo austenitic stainless steel.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems in background technology, the present invention provides a kind of shortening nitriding time, mention
The hardness and wearability of high stainless steel material, the service life for extending stainless steel material and being directed to for production cost can be reduced
The nitridation process of stainless steel material.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of nitridation process for stainless steel material, including heat preservation, the heat preservation include first stage and second-order
Section, it is characterised in that: the technological parameter of the first stage is 545 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, soaking time t1, ammonia decomposition control
In 45-55%；The technological parameter of the second stage is 565 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, soaking time t2, ammonia decomposition control is in 55-
65%；The t1+t2≤ 35h ± 1h, the t1< t2；The nitridation process for stainless steel material further includes before heat preservation
The step of rare-earth energizer is added.
Above-mentioned t1=10h ± 0.5h；The t2=25h ± 0.5h.
W/v (the g/m of the furnace inner volume of the additional amount and nitriding furnace of above-mentioned rare-earth energizer3) it is 40-60g:
0.48。
Above-mentioned stainless steel is austenitic stainless steel or martensitic stain less steel.
When above-mentioned stainless steel is austenitic stainless steel, the stainless steel is 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo；The stainless steel is geneva
When body stainless steel, the stainless steel is 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV or 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb.
The invention has the advantages that
The present invention provides a kind of nitridation process for stainless steel material, the technique first by traditional soaking time into
Row modification, keeps the temperature 30 hours by the first stage and directly foreshortens to 10 hours, and second stage is kept the temperature 20 hours and extends to 25 hours,
Overall time was foreshortened to 35 hours by 50 hours before, although the present invention modifies the time accordingly, from stainless steel
It for the alloying layer thickness and surface hardness of material, for navigation mark, is obviously improved, temperature retention time of nitrogenization is reduced
15h, shortens about 30% nitriding soaking time, and nitrided surface hardness reaches HV960, not small much higher than HV as defined in navigation mark
In 347 requirement, nitrided case depth reaches 0.11mm.Meanwhile it being based on above content, the present invention also increases in nitridation process dilute
Native energizer, the part for being carried out gas nitriding processing on 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo austenitic stainless steel using rare-earth energizer are seeped
Layer, surface hardness, brittleness and appearance reach requirement, and result is stablized.The present invention can not only activate stainless steel parts
Face makes accurate valve couple reach the excellent performance of high rigidity, high-wearing feature, extends the service life of part, reduces simultaneously
Production cost meets properties of product requirement, breaks the limitation of original technique, improve the applicability of gas nitriding technology.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo nitridation normal tissue (200 times of metallographics)；
Fig. 2 is 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo network nitride tissue (200 times of metallographic)；
Fig. 3 is 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo network nitride tissue (500 times of metallographic).
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of nitridation process for stainless steel material, including heat preservation, heat preservation include the first stage with
And second stage, the technological parameter of first stage are 545 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, soaking time t1, ammonia decomposition control is in 45-
55%；The technological parameter of second stage is 565 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, soaking time t2, ammonia decomposition control is in 55-65%；t1+t2
≤ 35h ± 1h, t1< t2；For the nitridation process of stainless steel material further include the steps that rare-earth energizer is added before heat preservation.Example
Such as, t1=10h ± 0.5h；t2=25h ± 0.5h.
W/v (the g/m of the furnace inner volume of the additional amount and nitriding furnace of rare-earth energizer3) it is 40-60g:0.48.
Stainless steel is austenitic stainless steel or martensitic stain less steel；When stainless steel is austenitic stainless steel, stainless steel is
4Cr14Ni14W2Mo；When stainless steel is martensitic stain less steel, stainless steel is 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV or 1Cr12Ni2WmoVNb.
Present invention is generally directed to the processing works of 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo austenitic stainless steel material gas nitriding in aeronautical product
Skill activates stainless steel parts surface using rare-earth energizer, improves penetration enhancer decomposition rate, shortens the process time, make accurate valve
Couple reaches the excellent performance of high rigidity, high-wearing feature, extends the service life of part, while reducing production cost, meets
Properties of product requirement, breaks the limitation of original technique, improves the applicability of gas nitriding technology, promotes Nitriding Technology ability.
By taking 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo austenitic stainless steel as an example, technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail:
1) part is checked and accepted: being checked surface quality of workpieces, is not allow for damaging, scratch, weighs wounded, corrode；Part is answered oil-free
Fatty oil cream, the part of copper facing nitridation, it is desirable that must not have residual layers of copper at nitridation, the layers of copper on aperture point side combines must be good；Often
Should be no less than with sample by criticizing by 3, be used for metallographic and hardness test；Close inspection specimen surface roughness is not more than Ra0.4, does not conform to
Lattice should all return goods.
2) Operational preparation: gasoline, alcohol washes part and tooling are used, and is dried；All outer circles require the part of nitridation to need to use
Copper wire binding in a row, is allowed to keep certain gap, and put on net partition；It is weighed up according to the furnace inner volume of nitriding furnace dilute
Native energizer 60g, and get out one block of asbestos board；Ammonia is got out, nitriding box, pipeline etc. have been cleared up.
3) nitriding process
3.1) rare-earth energizer is uniformly put on asbestos board, and asbestos board is smoothly placed on box gas nitriding and is set
Standby chest bottom, is then packed into part in nitriding box, and the number of plies of the part in nitriding case (should be lower than exhaust pipe no more than 5 layers
Road).
3.2) it closes the lid, is filled up in slot with fine sand, gently strike shake and obturage, be passed through ammonia, until push-in when resolution ratio is zero
In furnace；
3.3) instrument temperature is set as 545 DEG C, is reached to temperature, the nitriding case for installing part is pushed into furnace, until nitrogen
Change in case to temperature, start to calculate soaking time, processing parameter setting is as follows:
First stage: 545 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, 10h is kept the temperature, ammonia decomposition is controlled in 45-55%；
Second stage: 565 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, 25h is kept the temperature, ammonia decomposition is controlled in 55-65%.
3.4) heat preservation and cooling of part: per half an hour corrects a temperature in insulating process, prevent part overtemperature or
Fall temperature, and tests whether ammonia decomposition meets the requirements；After part is kept the temperature, nitriding box is pulled out, is cooled to not in air
Greater than 100 DEG C unpackings.
3.5) examine: 1-2 part of every layer of pumping or exemplar send metallographic room to check nitride layer depth (it is required that being not less than
0.1mm)；HV5/10,3-5 part of every layer of pumping or exemplar check nitrided surface layer hardness (it is required that HRC is not less than 62)；HV5/10,
3-5 part of every layer of pumping or exemplar check nitration case brittleness (it is required that I-II grade)；100% inspection accessory appearance surface must not be touched
Wound and stain etc..
Gas nitriding, the part of processing are carried out on 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo austenitic stainless steel using rare-earth energizer
Energy index is as follows: surface hardness, infiltration layer, brittleness and appearance testing result are shown in Table 1.
1 infiltration layer of table, surface hardness, brittleness and appearance testing result
| Material | Infiltration layer mm | Surface hardness HRC | Brittleness | Appearance |
| 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo | 0.11 | HRC66-66.5 | Ⅱ | Uniformly, without stain |
According to the above results it follows that being carried out on 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo austenitic stainless steel using rare-earth energizer
Part infiltration layer, surface hardness, brittleness and the appearance of gas nitriding processing reach requirement, and result is stablized.
Technique processing result comparison as defined in rare earth catalytic cementation technique and processing result and navigation mark is as shown in table 2:
The comparing result of 2 rare earth catalytic cementation of table and the processing of navigation mark technique
Compared with invention gas nitriding technology as defined in the navigation mark, temperature retention time of nitrogenization reduces 15h, shortens about 30%
Nitriding soaking time, and performance is more excellent, and the comparison is as follows:
A. it is provided by HB/Z79-95, depth of penetration will reach 0.1mm, and technique is 545 ± 5 DEG C of first segment temperature, heat preservation
30h, keeps the temperature 20h by 565 ± 5 DEG C of second segment temperature, and first segment seeps by force that the time is longer than second segment diffusion time, and infiltration layer, surface are hard
Degree, brittleness and tissue are normal；According to A process program, if infiltration layer will reach 0.11mm, total soaking time at least also needs to increase
10h, i.e. total time are about 60h, and on the basis of extending soaking time, and surface hardness variation less, is not achieved higher
Hardness number；
B. it is provided by HB/Z79-95, increase rare-earth energizer, technique is 545 ± 5 DEG C of first segment temperature, 30h is kept the temperature, the
Two sections 565 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, 20h is kept the temperature, it is longer than second segment diffusion time that first segment seeps by force the time, and nitrided structure is held as the result is shown
The main reason for easily network nitride (referring to fig. 2 and Fig. 3) occur, cause network nitride is to seep the time in nitriding process by force
Too short-range missile of too long, diffusion time causes superficial layer nitrogen concentration excessively high；Depth of penetration will reach 0.12mm, this is to urge infiltration effect；Hardness
Surface hardness for HRC65-65.8, ratio method A is high；
C. be based on HB/Z79-95, the present invention has done following improvement: 1) technique is 545 ± 5 DEG C of first segment temperature, heat preservation
10h, keeps the temperature 25h, it is shorter than second segment diffusion time that first segment seeps by force the time by 565 ± 5 DEG C of second segment temperature；2) increase rare earth to urge
Penetration enhancer.For nitrided structure without network nitride, display is qualified as the result is shown；Depth of penetration will reach 0.11mm, this is to urge infiltration effect；
Hardness is HRC66-66.5, and the surface hardness of ratio method A, B is all high.
D. with C scheme comparison, if not increasing rare-earth energizer, technique is 545 ± 5 DEG C of first segment temperature, keeps the temperature 10h, the
Two sections 565 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, keep the temperature 25h, depth of penetration 0.071mm, the relatively low reason of infiltration layer is that soaking time is short or scarce rare earth
Energizer urges infiltration effect；Hardness is HRC60.2-61.4, and the relatively low reason of hardness number is mainly that soaking time is short, and nitrogen concentration is inclined
Caused by low；Brittleness and tissue are normal.
As described above, the nitridation process provided by the present invention for stainless steel material, can extend to other martensites
On stainless steel material (such as 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV (experimental data is shown in Table 3), 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb etc.) gas nitriding technology,
Soaking time when part processing is reduced, infiltration layer and surface hardness performance are improved, improves production efficiency；Break the office of original technique
It is sex-limited, improve the applicability of gas nitriding technology.The rare earth catalytic cementation nitridation process can not only activate stainless steel parts surface, nitrogen
Changing soaking time reduces 15h, shortens about 30% nitriding soaking time, and nitrided surface hardness reaches HV960, much higher than boat
HV as defined in marking is not less than 347 requirement, and nitrided case depth reaches 0.11mm, so that accurate valve couple is reached high rigidity, height resistance to
The excellent performance of mill property, extends the service life of part, while reducing production cost, meets properties of product requirement, breaks original
There is the limitation of technique, improves the applicability of gas nitriding technology.
The nitridation process and Comparative result of 3 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV material of table
As can be drawn from Table 3: for the nitridation process of material 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV, B scheme and HB/Z79-95 technique phase
Than same nitriding temperature and soaking time increase energizer, and the infiltration layer of the material can be increased to 0.36mm, surface from 0.3mm
Hardness can be increased to HRC67.3-67.6 from HRC63.1-63.7；C scheme reaches identical infiltration compared with HB/Z79-95 technique
Layer depth and surface hardness, increase rare-earth energizer, and temperature retention time of nitrogenization is reduced by 50h to 44h；D scheme compared with C scheme,
If not increasing rare-earth energizer, with same nitriding temperature and soaking time, then the depth of penetration of D scheme is lower than the infiltration of C scheme
Layer depth, and surface hardness is also below C scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of nitridation process for stainless steel material, including heat preservation, the heat preservation includes first stage and second stage,
It is characterized by: the technological parameter of the first stage is 545 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, soaking time t1, ammonia decomposition, which controls, to exist
45-55%；The technological parameter of the second stage is 565 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, soaking time t2, ammonia decomposition control is in 55-
65%；The t1+t2≤ 35h ± 1h, the t1< t2；The nitridation process for stainless steel material further includes before heat preservation
The step of rare-earth energizer is added.
2. the nitridation process according to claim 1 for stainless steel material, it is characterised in that: the t1=10h ±
0.5h；The t2=25h ± 0.5h.
3. the nitridation process according to claim 2 for stainless steel material, it is characterised in that: the rare-earth energizer
W/v (the g/m of additional amount and the furnace inner volume of nitriding furnace3) it is 40-60g:0.48.
4. the nitridation process according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 for stainless steel material, it is characterised in that: the stainless steel
It is austenitic stainless steel or martensitic stain less steel.
5. the nitridation process according to claim 4 for stainless steel material, it is characterised in that: the stainless steel is Ovshinsky
When body stainless steel, the stainless steel is 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo；When the stainless steel is martensitic stain less steel, the stainless steel is
1Cr11Ni2W2MoV or 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111020462A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-17 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | Treatment method capable of improving surface hardness of tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steel |
| CN111663097A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-15 | 惠州濠特金属科技有限公司 | Austenitic nitriding process |
| CN115074500A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-20 | 重庆红江机械有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method of methanol machine nozzle |
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| JP2000114013A (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-21 | Tdk Corp | Magnetic material and its manufacture |
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| CN103774086A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-07 | 燕山大学 | Two-section rapid gas nitriding method for middle-carbon and low-carbon alloy structural steel |
| CN105714238A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-29 | 重庆聆益机械有限公司 | Pre-oxidation rapid nitriding process for heavy-duty gear |
| CN106399917A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-02-15 | 贵州西南工具(集团)有限公司 | Surface nitriding treatment process of hard alloy cutter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000114013A (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-21 | Tdk Corp | Magnetic material and its manufacture |
| CN101497980A (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-08-05 | 远立贤 | Cyclic heating rapid nitridation catalytic cementation process |
| CN103774086A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-07 | 燕山大学 | Two-section rapid gas nitriding method for middle-carbon and low-carbon alloy structural steel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111020462A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-17 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | Treatment method capable of improving surface hardness of tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steel |
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| CN115074500A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-20 | 重庆红江机械有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method of methanol machine nozzle |
| CN115074500B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-04-02 | 重庆红江机械有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method for methanol machine nozzle |
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