CN101648334A - Manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate with good surface performance - Google Patents
Manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate with good surface performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN101648334A CN101648334A CN200810041725A CN200810041725A CN101648334A CN 101648334 A CN101648334 A CN 101648334A CN 200810041725 A CN200810041725 A CN 200810041725A CN 200810041725 A CN200810041725 A CN 200810041725A CN 101648334 A CN101648334 A CN 101648334A
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Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing technique of an austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate with a good surface performance. In the technique, a high-nitrogen surface layer in a solid solutionstate is formed on the austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate by improving the subsequent annealing atmosphere and process parameters of the austenitic stainless steel. Due to the solution strengthening function of solid solution nitrogen atoms, the hardness and the abrasive resistance of the surface of the stainless steel plate are greatly improved, and simultaneously the corrosion resistance is also improved; and each performance is improved by 10 to 50 percent, so the service life of components and parts made of the steel plate is prolonged. The austenitic stainless steel cold-rolledplate with the good surface performance is applied in the industries of petrochemical engineering, foods and medicaments and the like, and in the fields of household furniture, building decoration and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ferrous materials class, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing technology of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel 304/304L is because its higher plasticity and corrosion resistance, good welding performance, low-temperature flexibility and easy advantage such as processing, it is used widely in fields such as industries such as the energy, chemical industry, food, medicine and household furniture, building decorations, it is most widely used in all a stainless steels steel grade, but because the hardness of austenitic stainless steel 304/304L is on the low side, wearability is relatively poor, its working life is reduced greatly, use the restriction that is subjected to a certain degree.
Nitrogen alloying has significant effect in austenitic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel adopts the surface nitrogen alloying process, can improve stainless case hardness, wearability and corrosion resistance, can save the energy again simultaneously, reduce cost, avoid some molten steel to add the subsequent production processing problems that the nitrogen mode causes, therefore for austenitic stainless steel 304/304L commonly used etc., under the prerequisite that does not influence its plasticity and corrosive nature, improve its hardness and wearability is one of direction of austenitic stainless steel new development by the surface nitrogen alloying.
Surface nitrogen alloying technology method is a lot of at present, and the phase composition of nitriding layer and depth of nitration also have tangible difference under the different technology.The injection of nitrogen ion, low temperature plasma nitriding, laser nitriding, vacuum pulse nitriding etc. all once were used to improve the wearability of austenitic stainless steel, but owing in the nitriding layer separating out of part nitride arranged, made corrosion resistance still have reduction in various degree.Closely during the last ten years, many researchers utilize big line to be rapidly heated, and ion injects, plasma immersion ion injects (PIII), low pressure plasma arc ion gun, low-temp low-pressure Plasma Source Ion Nitrided surface modifying methods such as (PlasmaSource Ion Nitriding) is handled the nitriding layer that austenitic stainless steel has obtained wear-resisting and anti-corrosion composite modified effect, yet there is obvious defects in these technology: the one, and technique device and technology are complicated, cost is higher; The 2nd, the surface carburization layer thickness is too shallow, generally can only reach tens of microns.
In the applying for a patent of publication number EP0652300 and CN1107187A, a kind of surface carburization method that forms high strength austenite superficial layer in stainless steel is disclosed, nitriding under temperature between 1000～1200 ℃, make stainless steel parts surface portion enrichment dissolved nitrogen near finished form, the pressure of this method nitriding is not normal pressure, need special-purpose heat-treatment furnace, being used for the long-time nitriding of stainless steel parts handles, the general processing time reaches tens hours, production efficiency is lower, this superficial layer is a feature with the high tenacity of austenite structure, cause especially in impact wear, significantly improve wearability under cavitation erosion and the cavitation corrosion situation, be fit to be used for prolonging the life-span of stainless steel parts in the materials flow machinery.
Also adopted similar method in the patent application of publication number EP 890656A1, long-time nitriding under temperature between 1000～1200 ℃, but nitriding pressure is not constant in its whole nitriding process, but be divided into two different stages, adopt 660mbar/7.5h+220mbar/7.5h technology to substitute the technology of constant pressure 220mbar/15h, thereby quickened nitriding process, make nitrided case depth and surface nitrogen concentration increase, this method is applicable to that also stainless steel parts depresses nitriding and handle for a long time, very much.
Consider that austenitic stainless steel not only should have characteristics such as high rigidity, high-wearing feature and highly corrosion resistant but also should be easy to factors such as production, the present inventor passes through the subsequent anneal atmosphere of austenitic stainless steel and the improvement of technological parameter, design the good austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate of a kind of surface property, thereby finished the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide the good manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate of a kind of surface property.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the good manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate of a kind of surface property, this manufacturing technology may further comprise the steps:
(1), carries out shot-peening and the preliminary treatment of oil removing degrease again with cold rolling behind the austenitic stainless steel hot rolled coil annealing and pickling;
(2) in 1000～1250 ℃, normal pressure, contain in the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen nitriding when austenitic stainless steel is annealed, water-cooled subsequently;
(3) the austenitic stainless steel surface grinding after the annealing in process is removed the superficial layer of 10～50 μ m.
In a preferred implementation: in described step (1), the pellet size that is adopted during shot-peening is 0.05mm, and flow is 800～1000kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 70m/s～80m/s.
In a preferred implementation: in the mixed atmosphere that contains nitrogen in the described step (2), nitrogen ratios is 75～95%.
In a preferred implementation: in described step (2), annealing time is 5～30min.
In a preferred implementation: in described step (2), the speed of water-cooled is 3～10 ℃/s.
According to austenitic stainless steel can solid solution the higher characteristics of nitrogen content, the present invention uses austenitic stainless steel.Carrying out shot-peening and the preliminary treatment of oil removing degrease after austenitic stainless steel is cold rolling again, is in order to make the austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate surface more help the solid solution nitrogen alloying.Nitriding when austenitic stainless steel is annealed, purpose is in order to obtain thicker high-nitrogen austenitic superficial layer in the short period of time, cool off with 3～10 ℃/s of cooling rate subsequently, make the high-nitrogen austenitic superficial layer of formation in cooling procedure, not separate out nitride.At last the austenite stainless steel plate surface grinding after the annealing in process is removed the superficial layer of 10～50 μ m, purpose is in order to remove issuable oxide layer, finally obtains the high nitrogen-containing that hardness, anti-wear performance and decay resistance all improve (〉=0.35%wt) austenite superficial layer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
What the present invention is directed to is austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate, rather than the parts made of corrosion resistant plate, has greatly like this improved production efficiency, and what relate to is the heat treatment of carrying out under a kind of normal pressure, has avoided the special equipment that non-normal pressure is handled to be needed.The present invention carries out nitriding by changing the cold rolled annealed atmosphere of austenitic stainless steel in annealing, nitriding time is shorter, and cost is more reduced.In addition, because the nitrogen in the high-nitrogen austenitic superficial layer that obtains is solid solution condition, therefore can improve hardness, anti-wear performance and the decay resistance of austenite stainless steel plate simultaneously, increase rate is between 10%～50%.The austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate of handling through the present invention has not only kept advantages such as original excellent mechanical property, high-ductility and easy processing, and because the raising of wearability and decay resistance, can be applicable to fields such as industries such as petrochemical industry, food medicine and household furniture, building decoration so that be improved service life with the parts of this kind steel plate manufacturing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross section metallograph of test volume sample 304-1 in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the cross section hardness test figure as a result of test volume sample 304-1 in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 (a) is the cut metallograph of test volume sample 304-1 in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 (b) is the cut metallograph of traditional industry annealed sheet 304-2 in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the pitting potential figure of test volume sample 304-1 in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the cross section metallograph of test volume sample 304L-1 in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 6 is the cross section hardness test figure as a result of test volume sample 304L-1 in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 7 (a) is the cut metallograph of test volume sample 304L-1 in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 7 (b) is the cut metallograph of traditional industry annealed sheet 304L-2 in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 8 is the pitting potential figure of test volume sample 304L-1 in the embodiment of the invention 2.
The specific embodiment
Below for a more detailed description to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment.These embodiment only are the descriptions to best mode for carrying out the invention, scope of the present invention are not had any restriction.
The chemical composition (wt%) of table 1 304 test volumes
| The trade mark | ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??P | ??S | ??Ni | ??Cr | ??N |
| ??304 | ??0.049 | ??0.39 | ??1.13 | ??0.026 | ??0.002 | ??8.06 | ??18.02 | ??0.044 |
Specification is that the chemical composition of the 304 hot rollings test volume of 4.0mm sees Table 1.Hot rolling test volume carries out annealing and pickling earlier, is cold-rolled to 1.2mm after the pickling, carries out shot-peening and the preliminary treatment of oil removing degrease again after cold rolling, and the pellet size that is adopted during shot-peening is 0.05mm, and flow is 950kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 78m/s.At 1150 ℃, normal pressure, contain in the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen 304 stainless steels carried out 20min annealing, water-cooled is carried out with the cooling velocity of 5 ℃/S in the annealing back.Austenite stainless steel plate surface after the annealing in process is through grinding the superficial layer of removing 20 μ m.
304 test volume samples (being numbered 304-1) have been carried out microstructure observation and performance test, and control sample is the cold rolled annealed attitude sample (being numbered 304-2) of tradition 304.
As can be seen from Figure 1, the grain size of 304-1 test volume sample has growing up to a certain degree than the traditional industry annealed sheet, but its superficial layer is not separated out nitride, adopt nitrogen atom concentration distribution the carried out line sweep of electron probe pair cross-section sample along thickness direction, the result shows that 304-1 specimen surface solid solution nitrogen content surpasses 0.4%wt, and the high nitrogen-containing surface layer thickness surpasses 100 μ m.
Table 2 is room temperature tensile The performance test results.As can be seen, 304-1 test volume sample is because surface nitrogen atom solution strengthening effect has remedied the intensity decline that grain growth causes, 304-1 test volume sample is suitable substantially with traditional industry annealed sheet 304-2 intensity, and percentage elongation has a more substantial increase, bring up to 75.0% from 61.5%, visible 304-1 test volume sample still has the good mechanical performance.
Table 2 Mechanics Performance Testing result
| Numbering | ??R p0.2(MPa) | ??R m(MPa) | ??A(％) |
| ??304-1 | ??275 | ??675 | ??75.0 |
| ??304-2 | ??280 | ??685 | ??61.5 |
Fig. 2 is the micro-hardness testing result of 304-1.The microhardness of control sample 304-2 is about HV
0.1170, as can be seen, because the solution strengthening effect of nitrogen-atoms in the superficial layer makes the corrosion resistant plate case hardness obtain raising by a relatively large margin, increase rate about 35%.The raising of case hardness make its anti-zoned wiping performance also be improved significantly, can reflect the raising of stainless steel rub resistance polishing machine indirectly from the raising of anti-zoned wiping performance.Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) are respectively the cut metallographs after 304-1 and the performance test of 304-2 scratching, the scratching power of 2kg makes 304-1 and 304-2 cut mean breadth be respectively 102.9 μ m and 146.3 μ m, compare 304-2, the cut width of 304-1 reduces about 30% on year-on-year basis.This shows that the hardness and the rub resistance polishing machine of 304 test volume samples of the present invention are significantly improved.
According to the stainless steel pitting potential measuring method (national standard: GB/T 17899-1999) embodiment of the invention and corresponding Comparative Examples have been carried out the pitting potential test, the result as shown in Figure 4,304-1 pitting potential E as can be seen
B100 μ AReach 520mV, improved 160mV than the 360mV of 304-2, increase rate is about 44%, this shows that manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate of the present invention can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of material.
The chemical composition (wt%) of table 3 304L test volume
| The trade mark | ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??P | ??S | ??Ni | ??Cr | ??N |
| ??304L | ??0.012 | ??0.36 | ??1.26 | ??0.02 | ??0.002 | ??8.16 | ??18.28 | ??0.058 |
Specification is that the chemical composition of the 304L hot rolling test volume of 4.0mm sees Table 3.Hot rolling test volume carries out annealing and pickling earlier, is cold-rolled to 1.0mm after the pickling, carries out shot-peening and the preliminary treatment of oil removing degrease again after cold rolling, and the pellet size that is adopted during shot-peening is 0.05mm, and flow is 900kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 75m/s.At 1150 ℃, normal pressure, contain in the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen the 304L stainless steel carried out 20min annealing, water-cooled is carried out with the cooling velocity of 4 ℃/s in the annealing back.Austenite stainless steel plate surface after the annealing in process is through grinding the superficial layer of removing 20 μ m.
304L test volume sample (being numbered 304L-1) has been carried out microstructure observation and performance test, and control sample is the cold rolled annealed attitude sample (being numbered 304L-2) of traditional 304L.
As can be seen from Figure 5, the grain size of 304L-1 test volume sample also has growing up to a certain degree than the traditional industry annealed sheet, but its superficial layer is not separated out nitride yet, adopt nitrogen atom concentration distribution the carried out line sweep of electron probe pair cross-section sample along thickness direction, the result shows that 304L-1 specimen surface solid solution nitrogen content surpasses 0.4%wt, and the high nitrogen-containing surface layer thickness surpasses 100 μ m.
Table 4 is room temperature tensile The performance test results.As can be seen, 304L-1 test volume sample is because surface nitrogen atom solution strengthening effect has remedied the intensity decline that grain growth causes, the tensile strength of 304L-1 test volume sample increases than traditional industry annealed sheet 304L-2 intensity, and percentage elongation also has the raising of certain amplitude, and visible 304L-1 test volume sample still has the good mechanical performance.
Table 4 Mechanics Performance Testing result
| Numbering | ??R p0.2(MPa) | ?R m(MPa) | ??A(％) |
| ??304L-1 | ??290 | ?705 | ??68.0 |
| ??304L-2 | ??295 | ?655 | ??63.0 |
Fig. 6 is the micro-hardness testing result of 304L-1.The microhardness of control sample 304L-2 is about HV
0.1178, as can be seen, because the solution strengthening effect of nitrogen-atoms in the superficial layer makes the corrosion resistant plate case hardness obtain raising by a relatively large margin, increase rate about 25%.The raising of case hardness make its anti-zoned wiping performance also be improved significantly, Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b) are respectively the cut metallographs after 304L-1 and the performance test of 304L-2 scratching, and the scratching power of 2kg makes 304L-1 and 304L-2 cut mean breadth be respectively 105.7 μ m and 147.3 μ m.This shows that the hardness and the rub resistance polishing machine of 304L test volume sample of the present invention are significantly improved.
304L-1 pitting potential E as can be seen from Figure 8
B100 μ AReach 400mV, improved 120mV, this shows that manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate of the present invention can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of material than the 280mV of 304L-2.
Embodiment 3
Specification is that 304 austenitic stainless steel cold working and the annealing process of 3.0mm is as follows: hot rolling test volume carries out annealing and pickling earlier, be cold-rolled to 0.9mm after the pickling, carry out shot-peening and the preliminary treatment of oil removing degrease after cold rolling again, the pellet size that is adopted during shot-peening is 0.05mm, flow is 820kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 72m/s.At 1200 ℃, normal pressure, contain in the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen 304 stainless steels carried out 10min annealing, the annealing back is with the speed water-cooled of 6 ℃/S.Austenite stainless steel plate surface after the annealing in process is through grinding the superficial layer of removing 10 μ m.
The high nitrogen-containing surface layer thickness that this corrosion resistant plate surface forms surpasses 60 μ m, and its case hardness is about HV
0.1200, pitting resistance E
B100 μ AReach 460mV, than the traditional industry annealed sheet, every performance increase rate is all between 10%～50%.
Embodiment 4
Specification is that cold working of 304L austenitic stainless steel and the annealing process of 3.0mm is as follows: hot rolling test volume carries out annealing and pickling earlier, be cold-rolled to 0.8mm after the pickling, carry out shot-peening and the preliminary treatment of oil removing degrease after cold rolling again, the pellet size that is adopted during shot-peening is 0.05mm, flow is 820kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 72m/s.At 1100 ℃, normal pressure, contain in the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen the 304L stainless steel carried out 10min annealing, the annealing back is with the speed water-cooled of 4 ℃/S.Austenite stainless steel plate surface after the annealing in process is through grinding the superficial layer of removing 10 μ m.
The high nitrogen-containing surface layer thickness that this corrosion resistant plate surface forms surpasses 50 μ m, and its case hardness is about HV
0.1200, pitting resistance E
B100 μ AReach 360mV, than the traditional industry annealed sheet, every performance increase rate is all between 10%～50%.
Claims (5)
1, the good manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate of a kind of surface property is characterized in that, this manufacturing technology may further comprise the steps:
(1), carries out shot-peening and the preliminary treatment of oil removing degrease again with cold rolling behind the austenitic stainless steel hot rolled coil annealing and pickling;
(2) in 1000～1250 ℃, normal pressure, contain in the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen nitriding when austenitic stainless steel is annealed, water-cooled subsequently;
(3) the austenitic stainless steel surface grinding after the annealing in process is removed the superficial layer of 10～50 μ m.
2, manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step (1), the pellet size that is adopted during shot-peening is 0.05mm, and flow is 800～1000kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 70m/s～80m/s.
3, manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the mixed atmosphere that contains nitrogen in the described step (2), nitrogen ratios is 75～95%.
4, manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step (2), annealing time is 5～30min.
5, manufacturing technique of austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step (2), the speed of water-cooled is 3～10 ℃/s.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102251194A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Two-phase stainless steel cold-rolled sheet with good surface corrosion resistance, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102990316A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Leveling roller surface roughening processing method |
| CN104647171A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-27 | 佛山市建春友金属科技有限公司 | Surface treatment method for stainless steel plate with high cleanness and corrosion resistance |
| CN106807751A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-06-09 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of cold-rolling process for decorating 304 stainless steel 2B base-materials of panel |
| CN108359780A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-03 | 西南交通大学 | The method for improving metastable state austenite stainless hardness of steel and anti-stress corrosion performance |
| CN109022730A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-18 | 重庆工业职业技术学院 | Austenite stainless steel surface S phase and anti-corrosion layer acquisition methods |
| CN109825771A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-05-31 | 天津威尔朗科技有限公司 | A kind of novel middle manganese wear-resistant steel plate |
| CN110133030A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-08-16 | 兴化市天泰合金制品科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic shot peening induces nano-alloyed microstructure and mechanic property test method |
| CN112143966A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-29 | 苹果公司 | Nitrided stainless steel with high strength and high ductility |
| CN112831639A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 武汉科技大学 | Production method of austenitic stainless steel with yield strength of more than or equal to 700MPa |
| CN112831640A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 武汉科技大学 | Production method of austenitic stainless steel with yield strength of more than or equal to 980MPa |
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| CN102251194A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Two-phase stainless steel cold-rolled sheet with good surface corrosion resistance, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102990316A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Leveling roller surface roughening processing method |
| CN102990316B (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2015-04-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Leveling roller surface roughening processing method |
| CN104647171A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-27 | 佛山市建春友金属科技有限公司 | Surface treatment method for stainless steel plate with high cleanness and corrosion resistance |
| CN106807751B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-08-31 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of cold-rolling process of 304 stainless steel 2B base-materials of decoration panel |
| CN106807751A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-06-09 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of cold-rolling process for decorating 304 stainless steel 2B base-materials of panel |
| CN108359780A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-03 | 西南交通大学 | The method for improving metastable state austenite stainless hardness of steel and anti-stress corrosion performance |
| CN109022730A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-18 | 重庆工业职业技术学院 | Austenite stainless steel surface S phase and anti-corrosion layer acquisition methods |
| CN109825771A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-05-31 | 天津威尔朗科技有限公司 | A kind of novel middle manganese wear-resistant steel plate |
| CN109825771B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-04-16 | 天津威尔朗科技有限公司 | Medium-manganese wear-resistant steel plate |
| CN110133030A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-08-16 | 兴化市天泰合金制品科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic shot peening induces nano-alloyed microstructure and mechanic property test method |
| CN112143966A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-29 | 苹果公司 | Nitrided stainless steel with high strength and high ductility |
| CN112831639A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 武汉科技大学 | Production method of austenitic stainless steel with yield strength of more than or equal to 700MPa |
| CN112831640A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 武汉科技大学 | Production method of austenitic stainless steel with yield strength of more than or equal to 980MPa |
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