CN115074124B - 一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法,该方法为在乙酸中,加入螺旋藻或藻蓝蛋白粉及二硫代二苯甲酸,配制成均相溶液,并将该均相溶液采用超声波分散后移入聚四氟乙烯内衬防爆釜中,并置于鼓风烘箱中反应。经沉淀、过滤、洗涤,得到的粉末经干燥即得。所得到的双色聚集诱导发光藻蓝蛋白碳量子点产品收率高,分散态下呈蓝色,固态聚集下呈红色。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法。该方法是将螺旋藻或藻蓝蛋白与改性剂在溶剂热条件下,共同碳化得到具有高度石墨化的双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点。当溶剂环境变化时,碳量子点呈现从蓝色到橙红的双色转换,具有聚集诱导发光特性,其在防伪油墨、LED器件荧光材料上具有较好的应用前景。
背景技术
碳点(carbon dots,简称CDs)是指由碳内核(sp2/sp3杂化碳原子)和外层的含氧官能团或其他官能团组成,粒子尺寸一般在1~10nm的具有光致发光能力的类球状纳米粒子。相较于传统的半导体量子点,CDs具有来源广泛、制备简单、低毒性、具有良好的生物兼容性和光致发光能力等优点,因此自被发现以来成为碳纳米材料领域的研究热点,在生物成像、催化、光电器件等方面表现出巨大的应用潜力。
CDs的制备原料主要分为无机物、有机物和生物质材料。其中无机物的代表有石墨、碳纳米管、蜡烛灰等;有机物包括葡萄糖、淀粉、聚乙二醇等;生物质材料则有甘蔗渣、鸡蛋壳、橙汁、豆浆、橙皮、木质纤维素、菠菜叶和胡萝卜等。
除了上面提到的一些比较常见的原材料外,还有一些富含羟基、羧基、氨基和羰基等关键基团的富碳化合物也被制成具有不同光学性能的CDs。然而,采用生物质为原料制备的CDs在溶液中均能呈现良好的发光,但在固态或聚集条件下不可避免的出现荧光淬灭现象,因此在CDs制备过程中引入表面钝化剂,或者将CDs载入颗粒表面、聚合物基体等,通过在CDs表面引入间隔分子链也可实现固态发光应用,但其本质上并非真正意义上的聚集诱导发光材料。因此,如何解决CDs粉体固态发光应用成为亟待解决的关键问题之一。
在众多的天然材料中,螺旋藻的蛋白质含量约为50%,主要应用于食品保健领域。螺旋藻中富含藻蓝蛋白,其在天然食用色素、医药保健食品、荧光探针等方面具有重要应用,但尚未见到关于螺旋藻或藻蓝蛋白为生物质原料制备碳量子点的研究报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法,所得到的碳量子点具有蓝色和红色双色转换效果,且能够固态聚集诱导发光。
本发明提供的一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法,该方法包括下述步骤:将螺旋藻粉或藻蓝蛋白粉、二硫代二苯甲酸按摩尔比1:4~7的比例加入乙酸中,配制成质量浓度为1%~5%的乙酸均相溶液;并将该均相溶液采用超声波分散,移入聚四氟乙烯内衬防爆釜中,乙酸均相溶液不超过防爆釜容量的50%,并置于鼓风烘箱中180℃反应12小时;待反应釜温度冷却至室温,将反应液倒入85~95℃的热去离子水中进行沉淀,然后过滤,再用85~95℃的热水洗涤过滤粉末至滤液中性为止;收集得到的粉末在真空干燥箱中50℃干燥至恒重即可。
上述中,超声波分散时间3-5分钟,变幅杆直径Φ15,频率20KHz。
上述中,优选的是,热去离子水的温度为90℃。
上述中,优选的是,洗涤过滤粉末所用的热水温度为90℃。
按照上述的工艺条件,所得到的双色聚集诱导发光碳量子点乙酸溶液显蓝色荧光;双色聚集诱导发光碳量子点的水溶液随着水添加量的增加红色荧光递增。双色聚集诱导发光碳量子点固体粉末红色荧光,有确定的晶体结构。
本发明的特点在于:通常而言,碳量子点表面通过钝化、表面修饰可引入间隔基团避免荧光淬灭,但无法实现双色转换及聚集诱导发光。本专利通过溶剂热法制备得到的双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点在溶剂变化条件下呈现亲疏水转换带来的双色荧光,且由于碳量子点表面扭曲的分子构象限制非辐射跃迁,赋予藻类碳量子点AIE特性。
本发明的有益效果在于:螺旋藻、藻蓝蛋白可拓展用于制备碳量子点。(1)本发明以螺旋藻或藻蓝蛋白为碳源制备双色聚集诱导发光AIE碳量子点,通过疏水石墨化赋予蓝色和红色双色转换特性,(2) 本双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点具有AIE特性,(3)该液体产品可应用红、蓝荧光墨水,(4)改固体粉末封装于LED器件中,Ra>80,CCT<4000,为暖白光。
附图说明
图1 是本发明中的实施例1的紫外荧光图。
图2 是本发明中的实施例2的紫外荧光图。
图3是本发明中的实施例1、2中反应液加入90%乙醇后,溶液中的EM和EX图。
图4是本发明中的实施例1、2固体粉末的EM图。
图5是本发明中的实施例1、2的CIE图。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是限制本发明的范围。
实施例1:将 300目螺旋藻粉、二硫代二苯甲酸按摩尔比1:4的比例加入乙酸中,配制成质量浓度为3%的乙酸均相溶液,搅拌均匀采用超声波分散,分散时间4分钟,变幅杆直径Φ15,频率20KHz,再移入100ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬防爆釜中,乙酸均相溶液占防爆釜容量的40%,并置于鼓风烘箱中180℃反应12小时。反应结束后,待反应釜温度冷却至室温,取出内衬中的反应液倒入的90度去离子水中进行沉淀、过滤,并用热去离子水洗涤过滤粉末至中性为止。收集得到的粉末在真空干燥箱中50℃干燥约24小时,收集备用。实施例1的紫外荧光图见图1。
实施例2:将 300目藻蓝蛋白粉、二硫代二苯甲酸按摩尔比1:7的比例加入乙酸中,配制成质量浓度为3%的乙酸均相溶液,搅拌均匀采用超声波分散,分散时间4分钟,变幅杆直径Φ15,频率20KHz,再移入100ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬防爆釜中,乙酸均相溶液占防爆釜容量的40%,并置于鼓风烘箱中180℃反应12小时。反应结束后,待反应釜温度冷却至室温,取出内衬中的反应液倒入的90度去离子水中进行沉淀、过滤,并用热去离子水洗涤过滤粉末至中性为止。收集得到的粉末在真空干燥箱中50℃干燥约24小时,收集备用。实施例2的紫外荧光图见图2。
实施例1、实施例2效果分析:
实施例1和实施例2的图3和图4可见,制备的双色聚集诱导发光生物质碳量子点,在液态乙醇中呈现蓝色,在固体状态下时呈现红色,具有双色转换特性,且固态聚集诱导发光。图5为CIE图,色温<4000K,为暖白色光。
本发明选择富含藻蓝蛋白的螺旋藻粉,以及极高荧光量子产率的藻蓝蛋白为碳源,与二硫代二苯基化合物共同碳化,通过碳簇重排,在碳点上引入AIE特性官能团,使碳点同时具有从蓝色到红色的双控荧光特性,提升碳点在发光材料领域的竞争力,同时使其在生物成像、传感检测、能源、催化、显示等其他领域也展现一定的应用潜力。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换,本发明的范围由所附权利要求限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括下述步骤:将螺旋藻粉或藻蓝蛋白粉、二硫代二苯甲酸按摩尔比1:4~7的比例加入乙酸中,配制成质量浓度为1%~5%的乙酸均相溶液;并将该均相溶液采用超声波分散,移入聚四氟乙烯内衬防爆釜中,乙酸均相溶液不超过防爆釜容量的50%,并置于鼓风烘箱中180℃反应12小时;待反应釜温度冷却至室温,将反应液倒入85~95℃的热去离子水中进行沉淀,然后过滤,再用85~95℃的热水洗涤过滤粉末至滤液中性为止;收集得到的粉末在真空干燥箱中50℃干燥至恒重即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法,其特征在于,超声波分散时间3-5分钟,变幅杆直径Φ15,频率20KHz。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法,其特征在于,热去离子水的温度为90℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种双色聚集诱导发光藻类碳量子点的制备方法,其特征在于,洗涤过滤粉末所用的热水温度为90℃。
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