CN115073217B - Kitchen waste organic fertilizer preparation system and method with salt reduction function - Google Patents
Kitchen waste organic fertilizer preparation system and method with salt reduction function Download PDFInfo
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- CN115073217B CN115073217B CN202210685401.XA CN202210685401A CN115073217B CN 115073217 B CN115073217 B CN 115073217B CN 202210685401 A CN202210685401 A CN 202210685401A CN 115073217 B CN115073217 B CN 115073217B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste with a salt reducing function, and discloses a system and a method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste with a salt reducing function. The invention can control and adjust through the operation condition of the upper computer real-time remote monitoring system, has convenient man-machine interaction, does not need manual work and whole-course automation, greatly improves the production efficiency of the organic fertilizer and improves the production quality. The method aims at preparing the organic fertilizer, mainly has the function of reducing salt and is prepared from kitchen waste, thereby meeting the requirements of preparing the organic fertilizer in a complex reality environment and being very suitable for the invention and popularization in the field of actual agriculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a system and a method for preparing organic fertilizers from kitchen waste with a salt reducing function.
Background
In recent years, with the development of economy, the living quality of the national people is improved year by year, but kitchen waste is difficult to treat due to the problems of high salinity, easy odor and the like, so that the kitchen waste is used as feed, but pollution is caused by the modes of filling and the like due to the potential safety hazard of the epidemic situation, so that the problem can be well solved by preparing the kitchen waste into the organic fertilizer, the problems of fermentation and the like by manually adding strains are high in the market at present, the cost is high, and workers with high chemical expertise level are required to operate, and the pollution problem exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, can control and adjust the running condition of the system through the real-time remote monitoring of the upper computer, has convenient man-machine interaction, does not need manual work and whole-course automation, converts garbage into finished fertilizer, biodiesel, industrial salt and distilled water without pollution and waste in the process, and the produced distilled water is subjected to water circulation for salt reduction treatment, thereby saving energy and protecting environment.
The invention can be realized by the following technical schemes in some embodiments: in order to better implement the invention, one of them,
the invention relates to a kitchen waste preparation organic fertilizer system with a salt reducing function, which is provided with a three-phase separation device, a salt reducing workshop, a crushing device, an aerobic fermentation device, a post-composting treatment device, a distillation device and a control circuit.
Further, the three-phase separation device, the salt-reducing workshop, the smashing device, the aerobic fermentation device and the post-composting treatment device are sequentially connected, the three-phase separation device, the salt-reducing workshop and the aerobic fermentation device are respectively connected with the distillation device, and the three-phase separation device, the salt-reducing workshop, the smashing device, the aerobic fermentation device, the post-composting treatment device and the distillation device are respectively electrically connected with the control circuit.
Further, the three-phase separation device comprises a sedimentation tank with a funnel-shaped lower part, an oil pump, a water pump and a sedimentation tank discharging valve are fixedly arranged on the wall of the upper part of the sedimentation tank, the liquid inlet ends of the oil pump and the water pump are respectively connected with one ends of two light pipelines which can float on the surface of liquid, and the other ends of the light pipelines are positioned on the liquid in the sedimentation tank; a power pump is arranged at the discharging valve of the sedimentation tank, and the power pump transmits the solid-phase medium to a conveyor belt through a pipeline; the liquid outlet end of the oil pump is connected with the oil phase separation box through a pipeline; the liquid outlet end of the water suction pump is connected with a liquid phase separation box through a pipeline, the liquid phase separation box is provided with a first water pump and a pressure sensor for detecting the weight of liquid in the liquid phase separation box, the liquid phase separation box is connected with a vacuum distiller of the distilling device through a pipeline, and the first water pump is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid phase separation box and the vacuum distiller; an oil-water probe which is used for judging the upper liquid and can float on the surface of the liquid is arranged in the sedimentation tank.
Further, the salt reduction workshop comprises a conveyor belt, wherein an atomizing nozzle is arranged above the conveyor belt in parallel and is connected with a liquid collecting box of the distillation device through a pipeline integrated with a second water pump; a plurality of groups of salt-containing detection sensors capable of detecting the salinity of the medium on the conveyor belt are arranged at proper distances beside the conveyor belt; a waste liquid collecting tank is arranged below the conveyor belt, the waste liquid collecting tank has inclination, and a third water pump is arranged at the lower end of the waste liquid collecting tank to transfer waste liquid to a vacuum distiller through a pipeline; the tail part of the conveyor belt is provided with a material containing box in a matching way.
In the scheme, the solid phase medium after three-phase separation is conveyed to a salt reduction workshop through a conveying belt to be washed through atomized water, the washed second water is pumped to a vacuum distiller to be subjected to salt water separation, the separated salt is used as industrial salt, and distilled water is reused as washing water; and (5) the washed slag enters a composting workshop for aerobic fermentation.
Further, the crushing device comprises a crushing pool, the crushing pool is matched with the material containing box through a mechanical arm, a crushing blade is arranged at the bottom of the crushing pool, and the crushing blade is driven to rotate by a crushing motor; and a crushing tank discharge port integrated with an electric control discharge valve is connected with the first loader.
Further, the aerobic fermentation device comprises a closed fermentation bin, wherein an electric control feed valve is arranged at a feed inlet of the closed fermentation bin, and the feed inlet is connected with a first loader; the side wall of the closed fermentation bin is provided with a blower driven by a variable frequency speed regulating motor for supplying oxygen and reducing temperature and an exhaust fan driven by an alternating current motor for exhausting waste gas in a matching way, the bottom of the closed fermentation bin is provided with a pile turning machine for stirring media, a bottom drainage tank is connected with a vacuum distiller, a discharge hole of the closed fermentation bin is provided with an electric control discharge valve, and the discharge hole of the closed fermentation bin is connected with a second loader; the closed fermentation bin is flexibly provided with a height sensor for detecting the height of a medium in the closed fermentation bin, a humidity sensor for real-time humidity, a temperature sensor for real-time temperature and an oxygen concentration sensor for oxygen content of the medium in the bin.
In the scheme, the fermentation bin is a closed factory building structure, and a ventilation drainage channel is arranged below the fermentation bin. The fermentation bin is fed and discharged by the first loader and the second loader. The garbage discharged into the bin is piled up by the first loader, the average height of the garbage in the bin is kept to reach a certain height, and proper humidity is ensured. Forced ventilation and oxygen supply are adopted for fermentation by adopting a blower. The air blower adopts variable frequency speed regulation, and the rotating speed of the air blower is regulated according to the temperature of a material pile in a fermentation bin, so that the oxygen concentration in the material pile is not lower than 10%, the pile turning machine performs timed pile turning, ventilation and induced air are performed, the oxygen content of fermentation is increased, and the generated waste gas is timely pumped away. The garbage stays in the fermentation bin for 35-45 days, and then is sent to a post-treatment system by a second loader.
Further, the post-composting treatment device comprises a bouncing screen, wherein an undersize collector of the bouncing screen is connected with a first conveying belt, and the first conveying belt is connected with a fine composting storage field; the oversize material collector of the bouncing screen is connected with a second conveying belt, and the second conveying belt is connected with the power plant incinerator.
In the scheme, the coarse compost is conveyed to the bouncing screen for screening treatment, after screening by the bouncing screen, the coarse compost material can be divided into two main types of more than 12mm and less than 12mm according to the difference of particle size and specific gravity, and the undersize product phi < 12mm is the finished product fertilizer which is temporarily stored in a fine compost storage field and can be sold outwards. The materials with the screen materials phi more than 12mm are sent to a park incineration power plant for incineration treatment.
Further, the distillation device comprises a vacuum distiller, the vacuum distiller is connected with the liquid collecting box through a high-temperature-resistant pipeline, and the vacuum distiller is installed in a matched mode with the solid collecting box.
Further, the control circuit comprises a main control chip, a communication circuit and an upper computer which are electrically connected in sequence.
In the scheme, the main control chip collects the operation conditions of the three-phase separation device, the salt-reducing workshop, the smashing device, the aerobic fermentation device, the post-composting treatment device and the distillation device through the sensors in real time, analyzes and processes the operation conditions, controls the actions of electric appliances in the three-phase separation device, the salt-reducing workshop, the smashing device, the aerobic fermentation device, the post-composting treatment device and the distillation device, transmits data of the main control chip to the upper computer through the communication circuit, performs man-machine interaction through the upper computer, sets fermentation time, fermentation temperature, fermentation humidity, fermentation oxygen content, stirring time, sensor driving motor rotation speed and the like, and also controls the actions of the electric control parts through the upper computer.
Furthermore, the oil-water probe adopts a capacitive sensor which is thrown into and can float on the liquid.
Further, the second water pump adopts an electric control water pump with the flow quantity adjustable and integrated with an electromagnetic valve.
Further, the bouncing screen adopts an electric particle screening machine with phi=12 mm.
The invention discloses a method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste with salt reducing function, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the three phases are separated and the three phases are separated,
s11: when the sedimentation time reaches the set time, the oil pump works to pump oil to the oil phase separation box, and the oil-water probe floating on the liquid detects non-conduction;
s12: when the oil-water probe floating on the liquid detects conductivity, the oil pump stops working, the water suction pump works, and water is pumped into the liquid phase separation box;
s13: when the pressure sensor has no pressure change, judging that the water layer is completely pumped, operating an electric control part of a discharging valve of the sedimentation tank, opening the discharging valve of the sedimentation tank arranged at the bottom, and transmitting the solid phase medium to a conveyor belt through a pipeline; jumping to step S2;
s14: the step S11 is carried out, and meanwhile, the medium is collected in the oil phase separation box and used as the raw material of biodiesel;
s15: while carrying out the step S12, a first water pump in the liquid phase separation box sends the medium in the liquid phase separation box to a vacuum distiller of the distilling device through a pipeline; jump to step S6;
s2: salt reduction treatment:
s21: after the conveyor belt enters a salt-reducing workshop, the distilled water is sent to an atomizing nozzle from a liquid collecting box by a second water pump, and the atomizing nozzle sprays distilled water from the liquid collecting box to clean a medium on the conveyor belt;
s22: a material containing box is cooperatively arranged below the tail part of the discharge of the conveyor belt, and due to the action of gravity, mediums at the tail part of the conveyor belt fall into the material containing box, and the material containing box collects mediums after salt reduction treatment; jumping to step S3;
s23: while carrying out the step S21, after the waste liquid is collected by the waste liquid collecting tank, a third water pump is used for transferring the waste liquid to a vacuum distiller for liquid circulation; jump to step S6;
s24: the salt content detection sensor monitors the salinity content of the medium in real time while performing the step S21, and transmits the salinity content to the main control circuit, and the main control circuit controls the flow of the second water pump and the rotation speed of the driving motor of the conveyor belt; when the salinity is too high, increasing the flow of the second water pump and slowing down the rotation speed of a driving motor of the conveyor belt; when the salinity is too low, reducing the flow of the second water pump and increasing the rotation speed of the driving motor of the conveyor belt;
s3: the material is fed and crushed,
s31: after the mechanical arm pours the material containing box into the crushing pool, the crushing motor drives the crushing blade to rotate so as to crush the kitchen waste;
s32: after the rotation time reaches the set time, the crushing motor stops working;
s33: the electric control part of the discharging valve works, a discharging hole of a crushing pool arranged at the bottom is opened, and medium in the crushing pool enters the first loader through a pipeline; jumping to step S4;
s4: carrying out aerobic fermentation,
s41: when the first loader is full, the feeding valve of the closed fermentation bin is controlled to act, the feeding hole is opened, and the first loader sends medium into the closed fermentation bin;
s42: when the height sensor detects that the height of the medium in the sealed fermentation bin reaches a set value, the first loader stops conveying, the discharge valve of the sealed fermentation bin is controlled to act, the feed inlet is closed, and fermentation is started;
s43: when the fermentation time is up, a discharging valve of the closed fermentation bin acts, a discharging hole of the closed fermentation bin is opened, and a medium is filled into a second loader positioned at the discharging hole of the closed fermentation bin; jump to step S5;
s44: the step S42 is carried out, and simultaneously, a humidity sensor detects the humidity of the fermentation medium in real time, a temperature sensor detects the temperature of the fermentation medium in real time, and a variable-frequency speed regulating motor controls and regulates the rotating speed of a blower to regulate the temperature of a material pile in a fermentation bin;
s45: the step S42 is carried out, and simultaneously, an oxygen concentration sensor detects the oxygen content of a medium in the fermentation cabin in real time, and a variable-frequency speed regulating motor and an alternating-current motor control a blower to forcibly ventilate and supply oxygen and an exhaust fan to timely pump away the generated waste gas;
s46: while step S42 is carried out, a drainage groove is arranged at the bottom to collect fermentation generated waste liquid in real time; jump to step S6;
s5: after the composting treatment, the mixture is processed,
s51: the second loader conveys the medium to the trampoline, and the trampoline starts vibrating;
s52: the undersize collector of the bouncing screen transmits a medium with small diameter to a fine compost storage field through a first conveying belt to serve as a finished fertilizer; preparing fertilizer;
s53: s42, simultaneously, transmitting a medium with a large diameter to a power plant incinerator through a second conveying belt by a screen material collector of the bouncing screen to perform incineration power generation;
s6, water circulation is carried out,
s61: the vacuum distiller separates distilled water from industrial salt by heating, the industrial salt is sent to the solid collecting box, and the distilled water is sent to the liquid collecting box.
Further, the oxygen concentration of the medium in the closed fermentation bin is not lower than 10%.
Further, the fermentation time in the closed fermentation bin is 35-45 days.
Compared with the prior art, the organic fertilizer has the following advantages:
1. the system and the method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste with the salt reducing function can remotely monitor the running condition of the system in real time through the upper computer, control and adjust the running condition, and the like, and are convenient for man-machine interaction.
2. The system and the method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste with the salt reducing function do not need manual work and are fully automatic, so that the production efficiency of the organic fertilizer is greatly improved, and the production quality is improved.
3. The system and the method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste with the salt reducing function are energy-saving and environment-friendly, the kitchen waste is adopted to prepare the organic fertilizer, the garbage is converted into the finished fertilizer, the biodiesel, the industrial salt and the distilled water in the process are pollution-free and waste-free, and the produced distilled water is subjected to water circulation for salt reducing treatment.
Drawings
The drawings herein incorporated into and constituting the apparatus of the present specification illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention, and the features, objects and advantages of the organic fertilizer of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, wherein the drawings are merely illustrative of some embodiments of the invention and from which other drawings may be obtained without the exercise of inventive faculty, as follows.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase separation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a salt-reducing plant of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pulverizing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an aerobic fermentation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a post-composting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a distillation apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the following description is merely illustrative of and descriptive of some preferred embodiments and not limiting of the claimed organic fertilizer of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes the organic fertilizer embodiments of the present invention in detail:
in order to better implement the invention, one of them,
the invention relates to a kitchen waste preparation organic fertilizer system with a salt reducing function, which is provided with a three-phase separation device 1, a salt reducing workshop 2, a crushing device 3, an aerobic fermentation device 4, a post-composting treatment device 5, a distillation device 6 and a control circuit 7.
For a better implementation of the invention, one of them is that the three-phase separation device 1, the salt-reducing shop 2, the crushing device 3, the aerobic fermentation device 4 and the post-composting device 5 are connected in sequence, wherein the three-phase separation device 1, the salt-reducing shop 2 and the aerobic fermentation device 4 are respectively connected with the distillation device 6, and wherein the three-phase separation device 1, the salt-reducing shop 2, the crushing device 3, the aerobic fermentation device 4, the post-composting device 5 and the distillation device 6 are respectively electrically connected with the control circuit 7.
In order to better implement the invention, one of the three-phase separation devices 1 comprises a lower funnel-shaped sedimentation tank 101, wherein an oil pump 1011, a water pump 1012 and a sedimentation tank discharging valve 1014 are fixedly arranged on the wall of the upper part of the sedimentation tank 101, the liquid inlet ends of the oil pump 1011 and the water pump 1012 are respectively connected with one end of two light pipelines 1013 which can float on the surface of liquid, and the other end of the light pipeline 1013 is positioned on the liquid in the sedimentation tank 101; wherein a power pump 1015 is installed at the sedimentation tank discharge valve 1014, and the power pump 1015 transfers the solid phase medium 105 to the conveyor belt 201 through a pipeline; wherein the liquid outlet end of the oil pump 1011 is connected with the oil phase 104 separation box through a pipeline; the liquid outlet end of the water suction pump 1012 is connected with the liquid phase 102 separation box through a pipeline, the liquid phase 102 separation box is provided with a first water pump 103 and a pressure sensor for detecting the weight of liquid in the liquid phase 102 separation box, the liquid phase 102 separation box is connected with a vacuum distiller 601 of the distilling device 6 through a pipeline, and the first water pump 103 is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid phase 102 separation box and the vacuum distiller 601; wherein an oil-water probe 106 which is used for judging the upper liquid and can float on the surface of the liquid is arranged in the sedimentation tank 101.
In order to better implement one of the inventions, wherein the salt-reducing shop 2 comprises a conveyor belt 201, wherein above the conveyor belt 201 there are mounted in parallel atomizer heads 202, wherein the atomizer heads 202 are connected to a liquid collecting tank 603 of the distillation apparatus 6 by means of a pipe integrated with a second water pump 203; wherein a plurality of groups of salt-containing detection sensors 206 capable of detecting the salinity of the medium on the conveyor belt are arranged at proper distances beside the conveyor belt 201; wherein a waste liquid collecting tank 205 is installed below the conveyor belt 201, wherein the waste liquid collecting tank 205 has a slope and a third water pump 204 is installed at the lower end to transfer the waste liquid to a vacuum distiller 601 through a pipe; wherein the tail of the conveyor belt 201 is provided with a material containing box 207 in a matched manner.
To better implement one of the inventions, wherein the comminution means 3 comprises a comminution basin 301, wherein the comminution basin 301 is mounted in cooperation with the magazine 207 by means of a robotic arm 304, wherein a comminution blade 302 is mounted at the bottom of the comminution basin 301, wherein the comminution blade 302 is driven in rotation by a comminution motor 303; the crushing tank 301 is connected with a first loader 402 through a crushing tank discharge port 305, in which an electric control discharge valve is integrated.
To better implement the invention, one of them, the aerobic fermentation device 4 comprises a closed fermentation chamber 401, wherein a feed inlet 4011 of the closed fermentation chamber 401 is provided with an electrically controlled feed valve, and the feed inlet 4011 is connected with a first loader 402; the side wall of the sealed fermentation bin 401 is provided with a blower 405 driven by a variable frequency speed regulating motor 404 for supplying oxygen and reducing temperature and an exhaust fan driven by an alternating current motor 406 for exhausting waste gas in a matching way, the bottom of the sealed fermentation bin 401 is provided with a pile turner 403 for stirring media, a bottom water drainage groove 409 is connected with a vacuum distiller 601, a sealed fermentation bin discharge hole 4012 is provided with an electric control discharge valve, and the sealed fermentation bin discharge hole 4012 is connected with a second loader 408; wherein, a height sensor 410 for detecting the height of the medium in the sealed fermentation chamber 401, a humidity sensor 411 for real-time humidity, a temperature sensor 412 for real-time temperature and an oxygen concentration sensor 413 for oxygen content of the medium in the chamber are flexibly arranged in the sealed fermentation chamber 401.
To better implement one of the inventions, wherein the post-composting apparatus 5 comprises a tramp material screen 501, wherein the undersize material collector 502 of the tramp material screen 501 is connected to a first conveyor belt 503, wherein the first conveyor belt 503 is connected to a fine compost storage area 504; wherein the oversize collector 505 of the bouncer screen 501 is connected to a second conveyor belt 506, wherein the second conveyor belt 506 is connected to a power plant incinerator 507.
In order to better implement one of the inventions, wherein the distillation device 6 comprises a vacuum distiller 601, wherein the vacuum distiller 601 is connected with a liquid collecting tank 603 through a high temperature resistant pipeline, wherein the vacuum distiller 601 is mounted in cooperation with a solid collecting tank 602.
In order to better implement one of the present invention, the control circuit 7 includes a main control chip 701, a communication circuit 702 and a host computer 703 electrically connected in sequence.
Wherein the oil-water probe 106 employs a plunge-type floatable capacitive sensor.
Wherein the second water pump 203 is an electrically controlled adjustable flow rate water pump integrated with a solenoid valve.
Wherein the bouncing screen 501 adopts an electric grain screening machine with phi=12 mm.
The invention discloses a method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste with salt reducing function, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the three phases are separated and the three phases are separated,
s11: when the settling time reaches the setting time, the oil pump 1011 works to pump oil to the oil phase separation box 104, and the oil-water probe 106 floating on the liquid detects non-conduction;
s12: when the oil-water probe 106 floating on the liquid detects conductivity, the oil pump 1011 stops working and the water suction pump 1012 works to pump water to the liquid phase separation tank 102;
s13: when the pressure sensor has no pressure change, judging that the water layer is completely pumped, the electric control part of the sedimentation tank discharging valve 1014 works, the sedimentation tank discharging valve 1014 arranged at the bottom is opened, and the solid phase medium 105 is transferred to the conveyor belt 201 through a pipeline; jumping to step S2;
s14: while step S11 is being performed, the medium collected in the oil phase separation tank 104 is used as a raw material of biodiesel;
s15: simultaneously with the step S12, the first water pump 103 in the liquid phase separation tank 102 sends the medium in the liquid phase separation tank 102 to the vacuum distiller 601 of the distillation device 6 through a pipeline; jump to step S6;
s2: salt reduction treatment:
s21: after the conveyor belt 201 enters a salt reduction workshop, the second water pump 203 sends distilled water from the liquid collecting box 603 to the position of the atomizing nozzle 202, and the atomizing nozzle 202 sprays distilled water from the liquid collecting box 603 to clean a medium on the conveyor belt;
s22: a material containing box 207 is cooperatively arranged below the tail part of the discharge of the conveyor belt 201, and due to the action of gravity, mediums at the tail part of the conveyor belt fall into the material containing box 207, and the material containing box 207 collects mediums after salt reduction treatment; jumping to step S3;
s23: after the waste liquid is collected in the waste liquid collecting tank 205 while step S21 is performed, the waste liquid is transferred to the vacuum distiller 601 by the third water pump 204 through a pipeline for liquid circulation; jump to step S6;
s24: while step S21 is performed, the salt content detection sensor 206 monitors the salinity content of the medium in real time, and transmits the salinity content to the main control circuit, and the main control circuit controls the flow of the second water pump 203 and the rotation speed of the driving motor of the conveyor belt 201; when the salinity is too high, the flow of the second water pump 203 is increased, and the rotation speed of the driving motor of the conveyor belt 201 is reduced; when the salinity is too low, the flow of the second water pump 203 is reduced, and the rotation speed of the driving motor of the conveyor belt 201 is increased;
s3: the material is fed and crushed,
s31: after the mechanical arm 304 pours the material box 207 into the crushing pool 301, the crushing motor 303 drives the crushing blade 302 to rotate, so as to crush the kitchen waste;
s32: after the rotation time reaches the set time, the pulverizing motor 303 stops operating;
s33: the electric control part of the discharge valve works, a bottom-mounted crushing pool discharge port 305 is opened, and medium in the crushing pool 301 enters a first loader 402 through a pipeline; jumping to step S4;
s4: carrying out aerobic fermentation,
s41: when the first loader 402 is full, the feeding valve of the closed fermentation bin 401 is controlled to act, the feeding hole 4011 is opened, and the first loader 402 sends medium into the closed fermentation bin 401;
s42: when the height sensor 410 detects that the medium height in the sealed fermentation bin 401 reaches a set value, the first loader 402 stops conveying, the discharge valve of the sealed fermentation bin 401 is controlled to act, the feed inlet 4011 is closed, and fermentation is started;
s43: when the fermentation time is up, the discharging valve of the sealed fermentation bin 401 acts, the discharging hole 4012 of the sealed fermentation bin is opened, and the medium is filled into the second loader 408 positioned at the discharging hole 4012 of the sealed fermentation bin; jump to step S5;
s44: while step S42 is performed, the humidity sensor 411 detects the humidity of the fermentation medium in real time, the temperature sensor 412 detects the temperature of the fermentation medium in real time, the variable frequency speed motor 404 controls and adjusts the rotating speed of the blower, and the temperature of the material pile in the fermentation bin is adjusted;
s45: while step S42 is carried out, an oxygen concentration sensor 413 detects the oxygen content of the medium in the fermentation cabin in real time, and a variable-frequency speed regulating motor 404 and an alternating-current motor 406 control a blower to forcibly ventilate and supply oxygen and an exhaust fan to timely pump away the generated waste gas;
s46: while step S42 is performed, a drainage groove 409 is arranged at the bottom to collect fermentation generated waste liquid in real time; jump to step S6;
s5: after the composting treatment, the mixture is processed,
s51: the second loader 408 transfers the medium to the bouncer 501, which begins to vibrate;
s52: the undersize collector 502 of the bouncing screen 501 transmits the medium with small diameter to the fine compost storage field 504 through the first conveying belt 503 as finished fertilizer; preparing fertilizer;
s53: at the same time of the step S42, the oversize material collector 505 of the bouncing screen 501 transfers the medium with large diameter to the power plant incinerator 507 through the second conveying belt 506 to perform incineration power generation;
s6, water circulation is carried out,
s61: the vacuum distiller 601 separates distilled water from industrial salt by heating, the industrial salt is sent to a solids collection tank 602, and distilled water is sent to a liquid collection tank 603.
To better practice one of the inventions, the oxygen concentration of the medium in the closed fermentation chamber 401 is not less than 10%.
In order to better implement one of the inventions, the fermentation time in the closed fermentation chamber 401 is 35 to 45 days.
The invention is described in detail by the specific embodiments of the system and the method for preparing the organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste with the salt reducing function by combining the drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of and describes some embodiments and that the scope of the organic fertilizer of the present invention, particularly the scope of the claims, is not limited in any way.
Claims (10)
1. The kitchen garbage preparation organic fertilizer system with the salt reducing function is characterized by being provided with a three-phase separation device (1), a salt reducing workshop (2), a crushing device (3), an aerobic fermentation device (4), a post-composting treatment device (5) and a distillation device (6), wherein the three-phase separation device, the salt reducing workshop (2), the crushing device (3), the aerobic fermentation device (4) and the post-composting treatment device are respectively electrically connected with a control circuit (7);
the sedimentation tank discharging valve (1014) of the solid phase medium (105) of the three-phase separation device (1) is positioned at the bottom of the bucket sedimentation tank, a power pump (1015) on the sedimentation tank discharging valve (1014) conveys solids to a feeding position of a conveyor belt (201) positioned below the sedimentation tank discharging valve (1014) of the salt-lowering workshop (2), the feeding position of the conveyor belt (201) is higher than the discharging position, a material containing box (207) is cooperatively arranged at the discharging position of the conveyor belt (201) of the salt-lowering workshop (2), the material containing box (207) is taken by a mechanical arm (304) arranged on the crushing device (3) and poured into a crushing tank (301), a crushing blade (302) is arranged at the bottom of the crushing tank (301), the crushing blade (302) is driven to rotate by a crushing motor (303), the crushing tank (301) is in a bucket shape, a first loader (402) of an aerobic fermentation device (4) is arranged below the crushing tank discharging hole (305) at the bottom of the crushing tank, the first loader (402) is opened, the first loader (402) can be placed into a sealed fermentation tank (401) through a sealed fermentation device (401) at the second fermentation device (401) at the sealing position of the sealing hopper (401), the fermentation device (401) can be placed into a sealed fermentation tank (401), the hopper of the second loader (408) can rotate 90 degrees to pour the medium into the bouncing screen (501) of the composting device (5);
the aerobic fermentation device (4) comprises a closed fermentation bin (401), an electric control feed valve is arranged at a feed port (4011) of the closed fermentation bin (401), and the feed port (4011) is connected with a first loader (402); the device is characterized in that the sealed fermentation bin (401) is provided with a blower (405) for supplying oxygen and cooling the sealed fermentation bin (401) and an exhaust fan (407) for discharging waste gas generated by fermentation in the sealed fermentation bin (401) in a matching manner, the blower (405) is driven by a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor (404), the exhaust fan (407) is driven by an alternating-current motor (406), the bottom of the sealed fermentation bin (401) is provided with a pile turning machine (403) for stirring media, a bottom water draining groove (409) is connected with a vacuum distiller (601), a discharge hole (4012) of the sealed fermentation bin is provided with an electric control discharge valve, and the discharge hole (4012) of the sealed fermentation bin is connected with a second loader (408); a height sensor (410) for detecting the height of a medium in the closed fermentation bin (401), a humidity sensor (411) for real-time humidity, a temperature sensor (412) for real-time temperature and an oxygen concentration sensor (413) for detecting the oxygen content of the medium in the bin are flexibly arranged in the closed fermentation bin (401);
the control circuit (7) comprises a main control chip (701), a communication circuit (702) and an upper computer (703) which are electrically connected in sequence.
2. The organic fertilizer preparation system with the salt reducing function according to claim 1, wherein the three-phase separation device (1) comprises a sedimentation tank (101) with a funnel-shaped lower part, an oil pump (1011), a water pump (1012) and a sedimentation tank discharging valve (1014) are fixedly arranged on the upper tank wall of the sedimentation tank (101), the liquid inlet ends of the oil pump (1011) and the water pump (1012) are respectively connected with one end of two light pipelines (1013) which can float on the surface of liquid, and the other end of the light pipelines (1013) is positioned on the liquid in the sedimentation tank (101); a power pump (1015) is arranged at a sedimentation tank discharging valve (1014) of the sedimentation tank (101), and the power pump (1015) transmits the solid-phase medium (105) to the conveyor belt (201) through a pipeline; the liquid outlet end of the oil pump (1011) is connected with the oil phase separation box (104) through a pipeline; the liquid outlet end of the water suction pump (1012) is connected with the liquid phase separation box (102) through a pipeline, the liquid phase separation box (102) is provided with a first water pump (103) and a pressure sensor for detecting the weight of liquid in the liquid phase separation box (102), the liquid phase separation box (102) is connected with a vacuum distiller (601) of the distilling device (6) through a pipeline, and the first water pump (103) is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid phase separation box (102) and the vacuum distiller (601); an oil-water probe (106) which is used for judging the upper liquid and can float on the surface of the liquid is arranged in the sedimentation tank (101).
3. The organic fertilizer system with the salt reducing function for preparing kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the salt reducing workshop (2) comprises a conveyor belt (201), atomizing nozzles (202) are arranged above the conveyor belt (201) in parallel, and the atomizing nozzles (202) are connected with a liquid collecting box (603) of a distillation device (6) through a pipeline integrated with a second water pump (203); a plurality of groups of salt-containing detection sensors (206) capable of detecting the salinity of the medium on the conveyor belt are arranged above the conveyor belt (201); a waste liquid collecting tank (205) is arranged below the conveyor belt (201), a third water pump (204) is arranged at the lower end of the waste liquid collecting tank (205) with inclination, and waste liquid is conveyed to a vacuum distiller (601) through a pipeline; the tail of the conveyor belt (201) is provided with a material containing box (207) in a matched mode.
4. The organic fertilizer system with salt reduction function for kitchen waste preparation according to claim 1, wherein the post-composting treatment device (5) comprises a bouncing screen (501), a discharge hole of an undersize collector (502) of the bouncing screen (501) is positioned above a feed end of a first conveying belt (503), and the first conveying belt (503) conveys undersize to a fine composting storage field (504) for stacking and storing; the discharge port of the oversize material collector (505) of the bouncing screen (501) is positioned above the feeding end of the second conveying belt (506), and the second conveying belt (506) conveys the oversize material into the power plant incinerator (507) to be incinerated for power generation.
5. Kitchen waste preparation organic fertilizer system with salt reducing function according to claim 1, characterized in that the distillation device (6) comprises a vacuum distiller (601), the vacuum distiller (601) is connected with a liquid collecting box (603) through a high temperature resistant pipeline, and the vacuum distiller (601) is mounted in cooperation with a solid collecting box (602).
6. The organic fertilizer system with salt reducing function for preparing kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water probe (106) adopts a capacitive sensor which is thrown into and can float on liquid; the second water pump (203) adopts an electric control water pump with adjustable flow rate integrated with an electromagnetic valve.
7. The organic fertilizer system with salt reducing function for kitchen waste preparation according to claim 1, wherein the bouncing screen (501) adopts an electric particle screening machine with screening hole diameter phi = 12 mm.
8. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by using the kitchen waste preparation organic fertilizer system with the salt reducing function as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1: the three phases are separated and the three phases are separated,
s11: when the sedimentation time reaches the set time, the oil pump (1011) works to pump oil to the oil phase separation box (104), and the oil-water probe (106) floating on the liquid detects non-conduction;
s12: when the oil-water probe (106) floating on the liquid detects conduction, the oil pump (1011) stops working, the water suction pump (1012) works, and water is pumped to the liquid phase separation box (102);
s13: when the pressure sensor has no pressure change, judging that the water layer is completely pumped, the electric control part of the sedimentation tank discharging valve (1014) works, the sedimentation tank discharging valve (1014) arranged at the bottom is opened, and the solid phase medium (105) is transferred to the conveyor belt (201) through a pipeline; jumping to step S2;
s14: the step S11 is carried out, and meanwhile, a medium is collected in the oil phase separation box (104) and used as a raw material of biodiesel;
s15: while step S12 is performed, a first water pump (103) in the liquid phase separation tank (102) sends the medium in the liquid phase separation tank (102) to a vacuum distiller (601) of the distilling device (6) through a pipeline; jump to step S6;
s2: salt reduction treatment:
s21: after the conveyor belt (201) enters a salt-reducing workshop, a second water pump (203) sends distilled water from a liquid collecting box (603) to an atomizing nozzle (202), and the atomizing nozzle (202) sprays distilled water from the liquid collecting box (603) to clean a medium on the conveyor belt;
s22: a material containing box (207) is cooperatively arranged below the tail part of the discharging of the conveyor belt (201), and due to the action of gravity, mediums at the tail part of the conveyor belt fall into the material containing box (207), and the material containing box (207) collects mediums after salt reduction treatment; jumping to step S3;
s23: after the waste liquid is collected by the waste liquid collecting tank (205) while the step S21 is performed, a third water pump (204) is arranged to transfer the waste liquid to the vacuum distiller (601) through a pipeline for liquid circulation; jump to step S6;
s24: while the step S21 is carried out, a salt-containing detection sensor (206) monitors the salinity of the medium in real time and transmits the salinity to a main control circuit, and the main control circuit controls the flow of the second water pump (203) and the rotation speed of a driving motor of the conveyor belt (201); when the salinity is too high, increasing the flow of the second water pump (203) and slowing down the rotation speed of the driving motor of the conveyor belt (201); when the salinity is too low, reducing the flow of the second water pump (203) and increasing the rotation speed of a driving motor of the conveyor belt (201);
s3: the material is fed and crushed,
s31: after the mechanical arm (304) pours the material containing box (207) into the crushing pool (301), the crushing motor (303) drives the crushing blade (302) to rotate so as to crush the kitchen waste;
s32: after the rotation time reaches the set time, the crushing motor (303) stops working;
s33: the electric control part of the discharging valve works, a discharging hole (305) of a crushing pool arranged at the bottom is opened, and medium in the crushing pool (301) enters a first loader (402) through a pipeline; jumping to step S4;
s4: carrying out aerobic fermentation,
s41: when the first loader (402) is full, controlling a feed valve of the closed fermentation bin (401) to act, opening a feed port (4011), and feeding a medium into the closed fermentation bin (401) by the first loader (402);
s42: when the height sensor (410) detects that the medium height in the closed fermentation bin (401) reaches a set value, the first loader (402) stops conveying, the discharge valve of the closed fermentation bin (401) is controlled to act, the feed inlet (4011) is closed, and fermentation is started;
s43: when the fermentation time is up, a discharging valve of the closed fermentation bin (401) acts, a discharging hole (4012) of the closed fermentation bin is opened, and a medium is filled into a second loader (408) positioned at the discharging hole (4012) of the closed fermentation bin; jump to step S5;
s44: while step S42 is carried out, a humidity sensor (411) detects the humidity of the fermentation medium in real time, a temperature sensor (412) detects the temperature of the fermentation medium in real time, a variable-frequency speed regulating motor (404) controls and regulates the rotating speed of a blower, and the temperature of a material pile in a fermentation bin is regulated;
s45: while step S42 is carried out, an oxygen concentration sensor (413) detects the oxygen content of a medium in the fermentation cabin in real time, and a variable-frequency speed regulating motor (404) and an alternating-current motor (406) control a blower to forcibly ventilate and supply oxygen and an exhaust fan to timely pump away the generated waste gas;
s46: while step S42 is carried out, a drainage groove (409) is arranged at the bottom to collect fermentation generated waste liquid in real time; jump to step S6;
s5: after the composting treatment, the mixture is processed,
s51: the second loader (408) conveys the medium to the tramp screen (501), and the tramp screen starts vibrating;
s52: the undersize collector (502) of the bouncing screen (501) transmits a medium with a small diameter to the fine compost storage field (504) through the first conveying belt (503) to serve as a finished fertilizer; preparing fertilizer;
s53: at the same time of the step S42, a screen material collector (505) of the bouncing screen (501) transmits a medium with a large diameter to a power plant incinerator (507) through a second transmission belt (506) to be incinerated for generating electricity;
s6, water circulation is carried out,
s61: the vacuum distiller (601) separates distilled water from industrial salt by heating, the industrial salt is sent to a solid collection tank (602), and the distilled water is sent to a liquid collection tank (603).
9. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 8, wherein the oxygen concentration of the medium in the closed fermentation chamber (401) is not lower than 10%.
10. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer according to claim 8, wherein the fermentation time in the closed fermentation bin (401) is 35-45 days.
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| CN203124393U (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-08-14 | 华南再生资源（中山）有限公司 | Biochemical fermentation device |
| WO2016085545A1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | River Road Research, Inc. | Method for converting food waste and other biological waste into invertebrate feed |
| KR20220119752A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2022-08-30 | 세압 파워 리미티드 | Salt management system for portable renewable energy microgeneration system |
| CN210876718U (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2020-06-30 | 孙昭坤 | Kitchen waste processor |
| CN110723994A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2020-01-24 | 陕西航天长城环保科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing fertilizer by biological fermentation of household garbage and kitchen garbage |
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| CN111069250B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-02-02 | 谭智 | Be used for waste classification to handle recovery system |
| CN211464264U (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-09-11 | 谭智 | Kitchen waste classification treatment device |
| CN212335050U (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-01-12 | 锦盛绿洲(深圳)环保科技有限公司 | Compost fermentation system applied to household garbage comprehensive treatment system |
| CN112239376A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-01-19 | 山东农洁环保有限公司 | Kitchen and kitchen garbage oxygen-control digestion treatment method |
| CN214053091U (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-08-27 | 北京伊柯弗兰德环境科技有限公司 | Distributed kitchen waste on-site treatment equipment |
| CN113172080A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-07-27 | 四川琳宸生物能源科技有限公司 | Method for treating and recycling kitchen waste |
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