CN218049625U - Kitchen waste pretreatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kitchen garbage pretreatment system, it includes the filtrating pond, goes out between a plurality of preprocessing device of slagging tap, preprocessing device is including connecing hopper, coarse crusher, big material sorter and screw extruder. And a plurality of pretreatment devices run synchronously, so that the treatment efficiency is improved. The pretreatment device comprises a receiving hopper, a coarse crusher, a large material sorting machine and a screw extruder, and the system is simple in structure. The outlet of the coarse crusher is connected with the inlet of the large-material separator, the large-material separator customizes the screen according to the material characteristics and project requirements of the coarse-crushing kitchen garbage, the spiral rotating speed is adjusted according to the real-time change of the materials in the operation process, and the optimal matching of the separation effect and the processing capacity is ensured. During the process of transferring the kitchen waste by the receiving hopper and the first conveying mechanism, free water in the kitchen waste is filtered out and then flows automatically into the filtrate tank to be collected and stored in a centralized manner, so that the filtrate is prevented from flowing to the ground to pollute the surrounding environment.

Description

Kitchen waste pretreatment system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a kitchen garbage handles technical field, especially relates to a kitchen garbage pretreatment system.

Background

From the material components, the kitchen waste is different from the kitchen waste, the solid content and impurity content of the kitchen waste are directly influenced by the throwing action of the front-end people, so that the kitchen waste has great instability and uncertainty, and the kitchen waste in various places has uneven impurity content. Considering from the commercial mode, the current treatment mode of recycling the whole amount of kitchen waste faces a plurality of difficulties and pain points, and the construction period of a project is long, the occupied area is large and the like due to the complex structure of a pretreatment system. In consideration of project operation, the impurity content of the adjacent materials is too high in the aspect of operation, the separation of organic substances and inorganic substances is not thorough in the pretreatment process, the subsequent bottlenecks of unstable biogas production, no economic way of composting and the like are caused, and the expected ideal benefit is difficult to achieve.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Technical problem to be solved

In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kitchen garbage pretreatment system, which solves the technical problems of complicated structure of the pretreatment system and incomplete separation of organic and inorganic substances.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kitchen garbage pretreatment system comprising:

the device comprises a filtrate tank, a slag discharging room and a plurality of pretreatment devices;

the pretreatment device comprises a receiving hopper, a coarse crusher, a large material separator and a screw extruder, wherein an outlet of the receiving hopper is connected with an inlet of the coarse crusher through a first conveying mechanism;

the outlet of the coarse crusher is connected with the inlet of the large material separator, the large material separator comprises an organic material outlet and an inorganic material outlet, the organic material outlet is connected with the inlet of the screw extruder, and the inorganic material outlet is connected with the slag outlet through a second conveying mechanism;

the bottom of the material receiving hopper and the bottom of the first conveying mechanism are both provided with water outlets, and the water outlets are connected with the filtrate tank through pipelines.

Optionally, the pretreatment device further comprises a sand remover, and the screw extruder comprises a filtrate outlet and a residue outlet;

a filtrate outlet of the screw extruder is connected with an inlet of the desander, and an outlet of the desander is connected with biomass processing equipment;

and a filter residue outlet of the screw extruder is connected with the slag discharging room through a third conveying mechanism.

Optionally, the third conveying mechanism comprises a first screw conveyor and a second screw conveyor arranged in parallel.

Optionally, the desander is a cyclone desander.

Optionally, the pressure filtrate outlet of the screw extruder is connected with the inlet of the desander through an air conveying pump.

Optionally, the large material classifier is mounted on the ground through a first mounting frame, the coarse crusher is mounted on the ground through a second mounting frame, the outlet of the coarse crusher is located above the inlet of the large material classifier, and the outlet of the coarse crusher and the inlet of the large material classifier are connected through an elastic pipe.

Optionally, the screw extruder is disposed on the ground through a third mounting frame, an inlet of the screw extruder is located below the organic material outlet, and the inlet of the screw extruder and the organic material outlet are connected through a second elastic tube.

Optionally, the first conveying mechanism includes a plurality of sequentially connected third screw conveyors, an inclination angle of each third screw conveyor is 20 ° to 30 °, and the third screw conveyor is a shaftless screw conveyor.

Optionally, the second conveying mechanism comprises a fourth screw conveyor and a fifth screw conveyor arranged in parallel.

Optionally, the top of the rough crusher, the bulk material classifier and the extruder is provided with an air exhaust port, and the air exhaust port is connected with a deodorization device through an air exhaust pipeline.

(III) advantageous effects

The kitchen waste pretreatment system comprises a filtrate tank, a residue discharge room and a plurality of pretreatment devices arranged in parallel, wherein the plurality of pretreatment devices synchronously operate, and the treatment efficiency is improved. The pretreatment device comprises a receiving hopper, a coarse crusher, a large material sorting machine and a screw extruder, and the system is simple in structure.

The outlet of the coarse crusher is connected with the inlet of the large material sorting machine, the large material sorting machine customizes a screen according to the material characteristics and project requirements of coarse-crushing kitchen garbage, the spiral rotating speed is adjusted according to the real-time change of materials in the operation process, and the optimal matching of the separation effect and the processing capacity is ensured.

During the process of transferring the kitchen waste by the receiving hopper and the first conveying mechanism, free water in the kitchen waste is filtered out and then flows automatically into the filtrate tank to be collected and stored in a centralized manner, so that the filtrate is prevented from flowing to the ground to pollute the surrounding environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a kitchen garbage pretreatment system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of the kitchen garbage pretreatment system of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the kitchen waste pretreatment system of the present invention.

[ instruction of reference ]

1: a filtrate tank; 2: a slag discharging room; 3: a receiving hopper; 4: a coarse crusher; 41: a second mounting bracket; 5: a bulk material sorter; 51: a first mounting bracket; 6: an extruder; 61: a third mounting bracket; 7: a first conveying mechanism; 8: a second conveying mechanism; 9: removing sand machine; 10: and a third conveying mechanism.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Where directional terms such as "upper", "lower", etc. are used herein, reference is made to the orientation of fig. 1.

While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the utility model provides a kitchen garbage pretreatment system for carry out the preliminary treatment to kitchen garbage, the preliminary treatment process includes carrying out the breakage to kitchen garbage, and carry out the separation of organic matter and inorganic substance to the kitchen garbage after the breakage, realize categorised recovery and transport. Kitchen garbage pretreatment system includes filtrate pond 1, 2 and a plurality of preprocessing device that set up side by side between slagging tap, and a plurality of preprocessing device synchronous operation improve the treatment effeciency. Wherein, preprocessing device includes receiving hopper 3, coarse crusher 4, big material sorter 5 and screw extruder 6, and system's simple structure. Connect hopper 3 to bury underground in the hall of unloading, the opening that connects hopper 3 flushes with the ground in the hall of unloading, and the car hopper of the refuse transport vehicle of being convenient for carries out the jacking and unloads. The outlet of the receiving hopper 3 is connected with the inlet of the coarse crusher 4 through a first conveying mechanism 7, and the kitchen waste in the receiving hopper 3 is conveyed to the coarse crusher 4 by the first conveying mechanism 7 for crushing treatment. The outlet of the coarse crusher 4 is connected with the inlet of the large material separator 5, the large material separator 5 customizes a screen according to the material characteristics and project requirements of the coarse-crushing kitchen garbage, the spiral rotating speed is adjusted according to the real-time change of the materials in the operation process, and the optimal matching of the separation effect and the processing capacity is ensured. Big material sorter 5 includes organic matter export and inorganic matter export, and the entry of organic matter exit linkage screw extruder 6, 2 between slagging tap are connected through second conveying mechanism 8 in the inorganic matter export, and second conveying mechanism 8 transports the inorganic matter that big material sorter 5 was separated to 2 between slagging tap, the subsequent transportation operation of being convenient for. The bottoms of the material receiving hopper 3 and the first conveying mechanism 7 are provided with water outlets which are connected with the filtrate tank 1 through pipelines. During the process of transferring the kitchen waste by the receiving hopper 3 and the first conveying mechanism 7, free water in the kitchen waste is filtered out and then flows into the filtrate tank 1 for centralized collection and storage, so that the filtrate is prevented from flowing to the ground and polluting the surrounding environment.

The treatment process comprises the following steps: kitchen waste enters the discharging hall to be weighed and then is discharged into the receiving hopper 3, the bottom of the receiving hopper 3 is provided with a water filtering hole, and free water in the waste is filtered out and then automatically flows into the filtering liquid pool 1 to be stored. The rubbish after the drainage is carried to the coarse crusher 4 through the first conveying mechanism 7 of connecing hopper 3 bottom in, and fruit vegetables rubbish and impurity particle size after the breakage are different to can reach the grain size variation of organic matter and impurity. The crushed garbage falls into a large substance separator 5, the crushed impurities are separated out through particle size separation, the separated impurities are collected and conveyed out, and the obtained organic garbage enters a screw extruder 6 for solid-liquid separation.

As shown in fig. 1, the pretreatment device further includes a sand remover 9. The screw extruder 6 is conventional equipment and comprises a filtrate pressing outlet and a residue filtering outlet, the filtrate pressing outlet is connected with an inlet of the sand removing machine 9, and an outlet of the sand removing machine 9 is connected with biomass processing equipment. The filter pressing liquid contains hard particles such as glass, ironware and gravel which cannot be used by anaerobic reaction, the substances have the characteristics of being sharp and easy to settle and pile up, the sand remover 9 can effectively remove impurities in the filter pressing liquid, the impurities are prevented from causing serious abrasion of a pump and a pipeline, and the impurities are prevented from causing deposition and pile up of the pipeline and a tank body. Because the kitchen waste has high viscosity and high sand removing difficulty, the kitchen waste is difficult to remove by adopting the traditional sand removing modes such as a grit chamber and the like; after the sand and stone enter the rear-end anaerobic fermentation tank, because the overall viscosity is reduced, the sand and stone are easy to form deposition and accumulation, therefore, the sand remover 9 in the utility model is preferably a cyclone sand remover 9, the cyclone sand remover 9 adopts an active sand removing process, the adaptability to the viscosity of the material is strong, and the sand removing effect is good; the equipment volume is small, and the occupied area is small; the material can be circularly desanded, the circulation times can be changed as required, and the desanding effect is controllable.

The residue outlet of the screw extruder 6 is then connected to the tapping space 2 via a third conveyor 10. Wherein, third conveying mechanism 10 is including the first screw conveyer and the second screw conveyer that set up side by side, and first screw conveyer and second screw conveyer all prefer no axle screw conveyer, and every screw conveyer all independent control can not influence the normal operating of another under the condition of single screw conveyer trouble, avoids causing the system to shut down the phenomenon because single screw conveyer trouble shooting, has improved the continuity and the stability of system operation.

Preferably, the filtrate outlet of the screw extruder 6 is connected with the inlet of the sand remover 9 through a pneumatic conveying pump, so that the phenomenon that heavy substance particles in the slurry abrade the stator and the rotor when the traditional slurry conveying pump (a screw pump and a sludge centrifugal pump) is adopted is avoided, and the operation and maintenance cost is saved.

As shown in fig. 3, the bulk material sorting machine 5 is installed on the ground through the first mounting frame 51, the coarse crusher 4 is installed on the ground through the second mounting frame 41, the outlet of the coarse crusher 4 is located above the inlet of the bulk material sorting machine 5, and the kitchen waste processed by the coarse crusher 4 directly enters the bulk material sorting machine 5 under the action of self gravity without the need of a conveying device, so that the equipment cost and the volume are reduced. The export of coarse crusher 4 passes through the elastic tube with the entry of bulky material sorter 5 and is connected, avoids coarse crusher 4 to transmit the vibration to bulky material sorter 5 on, improves the stability of bulky material sorter 5 operation. The extruder screw 6 is placed on the ground by means of a third mounting bracket 61, and likewise the inlet of the extruder screw 6 is located below the outlet of the organic material, which enters the extruder screw 6 directly under its own weight. The inlet of the screw extruder 6 is connected with the organic substance outlet through a second elastic pipe, so that the vibration of the large substance separator 5 is prevented from being transmitted to the screw extruder 6.

As shown in fig. 2, the first conveying mechanism 7 includes a plurality of third screw conveyors connected in series, and the number of the third screw conveyors can be selected by the user according to the distance between the receiving hopper 3 and the coarse crusher 4. The angle of inclination of each third screw conveyor is 20-30, preferably 25, and the third screw conveyors are shaftless screw conveyors.

Preferably, the second conveying mechanism 8 comprises a fourth screw conveyor and a fifth screw conveyor arranged side by side. The fourth screw conveyor and the fifth screw conveyor are preferably shaftless screw conveyors, each screw conveyor is independently controlled, the other screw conveyor can not be influenced in normal operation under the condition of failure of a single screw conveyor, the system shutdown phenomenon caused by the failure maintenance of the single screw conveyor is avoided, and the continuity and the stability of the system operation are improved. The coarse crusher 4, the large material separator 5 and the screw extruder 6 are all provided with a closed shell, so that the top of the shell is provided with an air pumping hole which is connected with a deodorization device through an air pumping pipeline. In addition, the third screw conveyer, the receiving hopper 3 and the coarse crusher 4 are hermetically connected, and the two third screw conveyers are also hermetically connected, so that odor is prevented from being diffused out by the third screw conveyer. The odor enters the deodorization system through the air draft pipeline and is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated. The corrosion of equipment by corrosive gas with higher concentration in the odor is avoided, and the pollution of the odor to the surrounding environment is avoided.

Kitchen garbage pretreatment system includes filtrate pond 1, 2 and a plurality of preprocessing device that set up side by side between slagging tap, and a plurality of preprocessing device synchronous operation improve the treatment effeciency. The pretreatment device comprises a receiving hopper 3, a coarse crusher 4, a large material sorting machine 5 and a screw extruder 6, and the system structure is simple. The outlet of the coarse crusher 4 is connected with the inlet of the large material separator 5, the large material separator 5 customizes a screen according to the material characteristics and project requirements of the coarsely crushed kitchen garbage, the spiral rotating speed is adjusted according to the real-time change of the materials in the operation process, and the optimal matching of the separation effect and the processing capacity is ensured. During the process of transferring the kitchen waste by the receiving hopper 3 and the first conveying mechanism 7, free water in the kitchen waste is filtered out and then flows into the filtrate tank 1 for centralized collection and storage, so that the filtrate is prevented from flowing to the ground and polluting the surrounding environment.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; either as communication within the two elements or as an interactive relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present application, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, a first feature may be "on" or "under" a second feature, and the first and second features may be in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact via an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, the description of "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A kitchen waste pretreatment system is characterized by comprising a filtrate tank (1), a slag outlet room (2) and a plurality of pretreatment devices;

the pretreatment device comprises a receiving hopper (3), a coarse crusher (4), a large material sorting machine (5) and a screw extruder (6), wherein an outlet of the receiving hopper (3) is connected with an inlet of the coarse crusher (4) through a first conveying mechanism (7);

the outlet of the coarse crusher (4) is connected with the inlet of the big material separator (5), the big material separator (5) comprises an organic material outlet and an inorganic material outlet, the organic material outlet is connected with the inlet of the screw extruder (6), and the inorganic material outlet is connected with the slag outlet (2) through a second conveying mechanism (8);

the bottom of the material receiving hopper (3) and the bottom of the first conveying mechanism (7) are both provided with water outlets, and the water outlets are connected with the filtrate tank (1) through pipelines.

2. The kitchen waste pretreatment system of claim 1, wherein the pretreatment apparatus further includes a sand remover (9), the screw extruder (6) including a press filtrate outlet and a residue outlet;

a filtrate outlet of the screw extruder (6) is connected with an inlet of the sand removing machine (9), and an outlet of the sand removing machine (9) is connected with biomass processing equipment;

and a filter residue outlet of the screw extruder (6) is connected with the slag discharging room (2) through a third conveying mechanism (10).

3. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to claim 2, wherein the third conveyor mechanism (10) includes a first screw conveyor and a second screw conveyor arranged in parallel.

4. The kitchen waste pretreatment system of claim 2, wherein the degritting machine (9) is a cyclone degritting machine (9).

5. The kitchen waste pretreatment system of claim 2, wherein the pressure filtrate outlet of the screw extruder (6) is connected to the inlet of the desander (9) by an air-conveying pump.

6. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the large material classifier (5) is installed on the ground through a first mounting frame (51), the coarse crusher (4) is installed on the ground through a second mounting frame (41), the outlet of the coarse crusher (4) is located above the inlet of the large material classifier (5), and the outlet of the coarse crusher (4) is connected to the inlet of the large material classifier (5) through an elastic pipe.

7. Kitchen waste pretreatment system according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the screw extruder (6) is arranged on the ground by means of a third mounting frame (61), the inlet of the screw extruder (6) being located below the organic material outlet, and the inlet of the screw extruder (6) and the organic material outlet being connected by means of a second elastic tube.

8. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first conveyor mechanism (7) comprises a plurality of third screw conveyors connected in series, each of the third screw conveyors has an inclination angle of 20 ° to 30 °, and the third screw conveyors are shaftless screw conveyors.

9. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second conveyor mechanism (8) includes a fourth screw conveyor and a fifth screw conveyor arranged in parallel.

10. The kitchen waste pretreatment system according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the top of said coarse crusher (4), said bulk material classifier (5) and said screw extruder (6) are provided with an air extraction port, said air extraction port being connected to a deodorizing device through an air extraction duct.

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