CN111318552A - Kitchen waste pretreatment device and pretreatment method - Google Patents
Kitchen waste pretreatment device and pretreatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111318552A CN111318552A CN202010234272.3A CN202010234272A CN111318552A CN 111318552 A CN111318552 A CN 111318552A CN 202010234272 A CN202010234272 A CN 202010234272A CN 111318552 A CN111318552 A CN 111318552A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C7/00—Sorting by hand only e.g. of mail
- B07C7/04—Apparatus or accessories for hand picking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kitchen waste pretreatment device and a pretreatment method, which can sort out undegradable substances in kitchen waste, improve the anaerobic fermentation efficiency and prolong the service life of anaerobic fermentation equipment. The bag breaking machine is connected with a manual sorting belt conveyor; the manual sorting belt conveyor is connected with a feeding belt conveyor of the extruder; the feeding belt conveyor of the extruding machine is connected with the extruding machine; the extruder is connected with an extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor and an extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw conveyor; the extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor is connected with a dry material caching belt bin; the extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw machine is connected with the slurry inlet; the hydraulic pulp washer is connected with the sand-water separator; the fine grid is connected with a screw press; the sand-water separator is connected with the kitchen residue sand removal tank and the garbage can; the kitchen waste sand removal tank is connected with a circulating sand discharge pump; the circulating sand discharge pump is connected with the cyclone sand remover; the kitchen waste grit removal tank is connected with a discharge screw pump, and the discharge screw pump is connected with an anaerobic system; the cyclone desander is connected with the kitchen waste desanding pool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a kitchen waste pretreatment device and a pretreatment method, which are mainly used for kitchen waste treatment.
Background
The kitchen waste mainly refers to waste generated in daily life and catering services, and comprises discarded food waste such as vegetable leaves, fruit peels, egg shells, bones, fruit pits and the like and food residues. Compared with other household garbage, the kitchen garbage has rich organic matter content and high water content, is easy to rot and smell in a short time, and can breed mosquitoes and flies to pollute the surrounding environment. In daily life, people usually mix kitchen garbage and household garbage together, pack the mixture with plastic bags, throw the mixture into a garbage can, and send the garbage can into an incineration plant for incineration or landfill. It is not appropriate to mix kitchen waste and household waste together for disposal. If the garbage is treated by direct incineration, the kitchen garbage has high moisture content and low heat value, so that the incinerator can burn insufficiently to generate harmful substances such as dioxin and the like; if the garbage is treated in a landfill mode, a large amount of leachate is easily generated due to high moisture content and salt content of the kitchen garbage, and the groundwater and the soil can be affected. Therefore, the kitchen waste is required to be specially treated.
At present, the mainstream kitchen waste treatment technology in China is anaerobic fermentation, and organic substances in the kitchen waste are degraded into micromolecular organic acids under the action of anaerobic bacteria and finally converted into methane. But the collected and transported kitchen garbage usually contains other non-degradable domestic garbage, such as plastic sheets, glass bottles and the like, which cannot participate in anaerobic fermentation reaction; in addition, the kitchen garbage also contains small-particle inert substances such as sand and stone, which can abrade the anaerobic reactor and accumulate in the anaerobic reactor, thus affecting the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a kitchen waste pretreatment device and a pretreatment method with reasonable structural design, which can sort out undegradable substances in kitchen waste, improve the anaerobic fermentation efficiency and prolong the service life of anaerobic fermentation equipment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the utility model provides a kitchen garbage preprocessing device which characterized in that: comprises a kitchen waste pretreatment system and a kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system;
the kitchen waste pretreatment system comprises a waste grab bucket crane, a chain plate conveyor, a bag breaking machine, a manual sorting belt conveyor, a first iron remover, a first iron material buffer bin, a transfer belt conveyor, an extruder feeding belt conveyor, an extruder, an extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor, a second iron remover, a second iron material buffer bin, a dry material buffer bin, an extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw I and an extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw II; the garbage grab bucket crane is matched with the bag breaking machine through a chain plate conveyor; the bag breaking machine is connected with a manual sorting belt conveyor; the manual sorting belt conveyor is provided with a first iron remover; the first iron remover is connected with the first iron material caching bin; the manual sorting belt conveyor is connected with the feeding belt conveyor of the extruder through a transfer belt conveyor; the feeding belt conveyor of the extruding machine is connected with the inlet of the extruding machine; a dry material outlet of the extruder is connected with an extruded dry material discharging belt conveyor, and a wet material outlet is connected with an extruded wet material collecting and conveying screw I; the extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor is provided with a second iron remover; the iron remover II is connected with the iron material buffer bin II; the extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor is connected with a dry material caching belt bin; the first extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw is connected with the second extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw;
the kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system comprises a hydraulic pulp washer, a top slurry outlet control valve, a lower slurry outlet control valve, an industrial water tank, an industrial water control valve, a grating channel, a fine grating, a screw press, a garbage can I, a sand conveying screw conveyor, a sand-water separator, a shaftless screw conveyor, a garbage can II, a kitchen waste sand removal tank, a circulating sand pump, a cyclone sand remover, a stop valve, a gate valve, a reflux valve, a discharging screw pump, a discharging control valve and an anaerobic system; the hydraulic pulp washer is provided with a water inlet, a pulp inlet, a sand discharge port, a top pulp outlet and a lower pulp outlet, the top pulp outlet is positioned at the top of the hydraulic pulp washer, and the lower pulp outlet is positioned at the lower part of the hydraulic pulp washer; the second extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw is connected with a slurry inlet; the industrial water tank is connected with a water inlet of the hydraulic pulp washer through an industrial water control valve; the top slurry outlet is connected with the grid channel through a control valve of the top slurry outlet; the lower slurry outlet is connected with the sand-water separator through a lower slurry outlet control valve; a sand discharge port of the hydraulic pulp washer is connected with the sand-water separator through a sand conveying screw conveyor; a fine grid is arranged in the grid channel and connected with a screw press, and the screw press is connected with a first dustbin; an outlet at the tail end of the grating channel is connected with the kitchen residue desanding pool; an overflow port of the sand-water separator is connected with the kitchen residue desanding pool; the sand-water separator is connected with the second dustbin through a shaftless screw conveyor; the sand discharge port of the kitchen waste sand removal tank is connected with a circulating sand discharge pump through a stop valve; the circulating sand discharge pump is connected with the cyclone desander through a gate valve and is also connected with a slurry inlet of the kitchen waste desanding pool through a reflux valve; a slurry outlet of the kitchen waste grit removal tank is connected with a discharging screw pump through a discharging control valve, and the discharging screw pump is connected with an anaerobic system; the water outlet of the cyclone desander is connected with the kitchen residue desanding pool, and the sand outlet is connected with the sand-water separator.
The kitchen waste pretreatment system also comprises a waste bin, and the manual sorting belt conveyor is matched with the waste bin.
The two top slurry outlets are arranged up and down, the top slurry outlet control valve comprises a first top slurry outlet control valve and a second top slurry outlet control valve, and the two top slurry outlets are respectively connected with the grid channel through the first top slurry outlet control valve and the second top slurry outlet control valve.
The bottom of the hydraulic pulp washer is provided with a first emptying valve.
The hydraulic pulp washer is also provided with an overflow pipe.
The bottom of the sand-water separator is provided with a second emptying valve.
The shaftless screw conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the sand-water separator.
A kitchen waste pretreatment method is carried out by adopting the kitchen waste pretreatment device, and comprises the following steps:
feeding kitchen waste materials to a chain conveyor by a waste grab bucket crane, conveying the kitchen waste materials to a bag breaking machine, and puncturing a plastic bag of the kitchen waste; conveying the crushed materials to a manual sorting belt conveyor, manually sorting large inorganic matters in the materials, magnetically sorting the large inorganic matters through a first iron remover, and conveying iron materials magnetically sorted by the first iron remover into a first iron material buffer bin; the materials after manual sorting are conveyed to an extruder through a transfer belt conveyor and an extruder feeding belt conveyor; extruding and separating the kitchen waste into dry materials and wet materials by an extruder, conveying the extruded dry materials to an extruded dry material discharging belt conveyor, and performing magnetic separation by an iron remover II to make the dry materials fall into a dry material buffer belt bin; feeding the iron material magnetically separated by the iron remover II into an iron material buffer bin II; the extruded wet material is sent into a pulp inlet of a hydraulic pulp washer through an extruded wet material collecting and conveying screw I and an extruded wet material collecting and conveying screw II;
industrial water in the industrial water tank is input into a water inlet of the hydraulic pulp washer under the action of the industrial water control valve, and the industrial water and the pulp are mixed in the hydraulic pulp washer; slurry at the top of the hydraulic pulp washer is conveyed to a grid channel, light scum is separated by a fine grid and a screw press and conveyed to a first garbage can, and the rest slurry in the grid channel flows into a kitchen residue sand removal tank; the slurry at the lower part of the hydraulic pulp washer is conveyed to a sand-water separator for sand-water separation; the sand at the bottom of the hydraulic pulp washer is also conveyed to a sand-water separator through a sand conveying screw conveyor; the sand in the sand-water separator is conveyed to a second dustbin through a shaftless screw conveyor after being precipitated, and the rest slurry overflows to a kitchen residue sand removal pool; the sediment at the bottom of the kitchen waste desanding pool is sucked out under the action of a circulating sand discharge pump and is sent to a cyclone desander for sand-water separation, the separated silt and sand are discharged to the sand-water separator from a sand discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone desander, and the desanded slurry flows back to the kitchen waste desanding pool from a water outlet of the cyclone desander; the slurry at the bottom of the kitchen waste grit removal tank can also be directly conveyed back to the kitchen waste grit removal tank through a circulating grit discharge pump and is used for homogenizing the slurry in the kitchen waste grit removal tank; the slurry in the kitchen waste grit chamber is conveyed to an anaerobic system through a discharge control valve and a discharge screw pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the invention has reasonable process flow design, low energy consumption and high efficiency, can effectively extract the organic slurry in the kitchen garbage and remove impurities such as sand and stone in the slurry, improves the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation and prolongs the service life of anaerobic fermentation equipment. Particularly, the kitchen waste is subjected to bag breaking in the pretreatment process flow of the kitchen waste, and non-degradable substances such as large pieces of waste, glass bottles, metal and the like are removed to ensure the efficient operation of the extruder. The effective separation of dry and wet garbage materials is realized through an extruder subsequently. The dry materials can be sent to be incinerated for power generation, and the wet materials can be used for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas and fertilizer. In order to further refine the slurry, the kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system removes heavy impurities and light scum in the slurry through a hydra-washer, and the slurry of the hydra-washer is further separated from impurities through a grating and a sand-water separator and then conveyed to a kitchen waste sand removal tank. And the slurry at the bottom in the kitchen waste grit removal tank is also continuously sent to a cyclone grit catcher through a circulating sand discharge pump for further grit removal, the grit removed slurry flows back to the kitchen waste grit removal tank, and finally the organic matter slurry which is uniformly mixed and has low impurity content is obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the kitchen waste pretreatment device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a kitchen waste pretreatment system a and a kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system B.
The kitchen waste pretreatment system A is used for breaking bags for kitchen waste and removing non-degradable substances such as large waste, metal, glass bottles and the like to ensure the efficient operation of the extruder. The effective separation of dry and wet garbage materials is realized through an extruder subsequently. The dry materials can be sent to be incinerated for power generation, and the wet materials can be used for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas and fertilizer.
The kitchen waste pretreatment system A comprises a waste grab bucket crane A1, a chain plate conveyor A2, a bag breaker A3, a manual sorting belt conveyor A4, a waste box A5, a first iron remover A6, a first iron material buffer storage bin A7, a transfer belt conveyor A8, an extruder feeding belt conveyor A9, an extruder A10, an extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor A11, a second iron remover A12, a second iron material buffer storage bin A13, a dry material buffer belt bin A14, an extrusion wet material collecting conveying screw A15 and an extrusion wet material collecting conveying screw A16.
The garbage grab crane A1 is matched with the bag breaker A3 through a chain scraper conveyor A2; the bag breaking machine A3 is connected with a manual sorting belt conveyor A4; a first iron remover A6 is arranged above a head roller of the manual sorting belt conveyor A4; the first iron remover A6 is connected with the first iron material buffer bin A7 through a chute; the manual sorting belt conveyor A4 is matched with a waste bin A5; the manual sorting belt conveyor A4 is connected with an extruder feeding belt conveyor A9 through a transfer belt conveyor A8; the feeding belt conveyor A9 of the extruding machine is connected with the inlet of an extruding machine A10; a dry material outlet of the extruder A10 is connected with an extruded dry material discharge belt conveyor A11, and a wet material outlet is connected with an extruded wet material collecting and conveying screw A15; a second iron remover A12 is arranged above a roller at the head of the extruding dry material discharging belt conveyor A11; the second iron remover A12 is connected with the second iron material buffer bin A13 through a chute; the extruded dry material discharging belt conveyor A11 is connected with a dry material buffer belt bin A14; the first extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw A15 is connected with the second extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw A16.
The bag breaking machine A3 is provided with two rollers which are horizontally arranged, and wing-shaped peak knives are arranged on the rollers to puncture the garbage bag, which is helpful for improving the effect of the extruder in separating dry materials from wet materials.
The extruder A10 can slurry organic matters such as fruits, vegetables and meat in the kitchen garbage, extrude the slurry under the action of high pressure, separate the wet components of the organic matters from the kitchen garbage, and dehydrate the residual materials under the action of high pressure to form dry components.
The kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system B is used for further refining the slurry and removing fine sand, plastic sheets and other solid impurities in the slurry so as to obtain the organic matter slurry which is uniformly mixed and has low impurity content.
The kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system B comprises a hydraulic pulp washer B1, a top slurry outlet control valve, a lower slurry outlet control valve B6, an industrial water tank B2, an industrial water control valve B3, a grid channel B7, a fine grid B8, a screw press B9, a first garbage tank B10, a first emptying valve B11, a sand conveying screw conveyor B12, a sand-water separator B13, a shaftless screw conveyor B27, a second garbage tank B14, a second emptying valve B15, a kitchen waste sand removal tank B16, a circulating sand discharge pump B17, a cyclone sand remover B18, a stop valve B19, a gate valve B20, a return valve B21, a discharge screw pump, a discharge control valve and an anaerobic system B26. The discharging screw pump comprises a first discharging screw pump B23 and a second discharging screw pump B25, and the discharging control valve comprises a first discharging control valve B22 and a second discharging control valve B24.
The hydraulic pulp washer B1 is provided with a water inlet, a pulp inlet, a sand outlet, a top pulp outlet and a lower pulp outlet, wherein the top pulp outlet is positioned at the top of the hydraulic pulp washer B1, and the lower pulp outlet is positioned at the lower part of the hydraulic pulp washer B1; the second extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw A16 is connected with the slurry inlet; the industrial water tank B2 is connected with the water inlet of the hydrapulper B1 through an industrial water control valve B3; the two top slurry outlets are vertically arranged, the top slurry outlet control valve comprises a first top slurry outlet control valve B4 and a second top slurry outlet control valve B5, and the two top slurry outlets are respectively connected with a grid channel B7 through a first top slurry outlet control valve B4 and a second top slurry outlet control valve B5; the lower slurry outlet is connected with a sand-water separator B13 through a lower slurry outlet control valve B6. The sand discharge port at the bottom of the hydrawasher B1 is connected with a sand-water separator B13 through a sand conveying screw conveyor B12. The bottom of the hydrawasher B1 is provided with a first emptying valve B11. The hydrawasher B1 is also provided with an overflow pipe.
A fine grid B8 is arranged in the grid channel B7 and used for separating light dross, a fine grid B8 is connected with a screw press B9, and the screw press B9 is connected with a first garbage can B10. The outlet at the tail end of the grid channel B7 is connected with a kitchen waste sand removal pool B16.
An overflow port of the sand-water separator B13 is connected with a kitchen waste sand removal pool B16; and the bottom of the sand-water separator B13 is provided with a second emptying valve B15. The bottom of the sand-water separator B13 is provided with a shaftless screw conveyor B27, a shaftless screw conveyor B27 is connected with a second garbage can B14, sand particles sink to the shaftless screw conveyor B27 due to self weight and are lifted to the garbage can through a shaftless screw conveyor B27.
The bottom of the kitchen residue sand removal pool B16 is provided with a sand suction pipe, a sand discharge port of the sand suction pipe is connected with a circulating sand discharge pump B17 through a stop valve B19, and the stop valve B19 is used for cutting off a pipeline of a slurry inlet when the circulating sand discharge pump B17 is overhauled; the circulating sand discharge pump B17 is connected with a cyclone sand remover B18 through a gate valve B20, the circulating sand discharge pump B17 is also connected with a slurry inlet of a kitchen waste sand removal pool B16 through a return valve B21, and outlet slurry of the circulating sand discharge pump B17 is removed from the cyclone sand remover B18 or flows back to the kitchen waste sand removal pool B16 through a gate valve B20 and a return valve B21; a slurry outlet of the kitchen residue sand removal tank B16 is connected with a first discharging screw pump B23 through a first discharging control valve B22, and the first discharging screw pump B23 is connected with an anaerobic system B26; and a slurry outlet of the kitchen residue sand removal tank B16 is also connected with a second discharge screw pump B25 through a second slurry outlet control valve B24, and the second discharge screw pump B25 is connected with an anaerobic system B26.
The water outlet of the cyclone desander B18 is connected with a kitchen waste desanding pool B16. The sand discharge port of the cyclone desander B18 is connected with the sand-water separator B13. The cyclone sand remover B18 generates strong rotation movement after slurry enters the equipment from the inlet of the sand remover in a tangential direction under a certain pressure according to the principles of centrifugal sedimentation and density difference, and due to the fact that the density of sand and the slurry is different, the slurry with low density rises under the action of centrifugal force, centripetal buoyancy and fluid drag force due to different stresses, and is discharged from the water outlet, and the sand with high density is discharged from the bottom sand discharge port.
The hydraulic pulp washer B1 can remove the settled sand and scum in the pulp, improve the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation, and reduce the problem of settled sand accumulation in the anaerobic reactor.
A kitchen waste pretreatment method is carried out by adopting the kitchen waste pretreatment device, and comprises the following steps:
the kitchen waste is discharged into the kitchen waste storage pit by the sanitation vehicle, and materials are conveyed to the bag breaking machine A3 after being fed to the receiving hopper of the chain plate conveyor A2 by the garbage grab crane A1, so that plastic bags of the kitchen waste are punctured, and the working efficiency of a subsequent extruder is improved. The crushed materials are conveyed to a manual sorting belt conveyor A4, the materials such as glass bottles, large objects and the like which can influence the work of an extruder are sorted manually, and the materials are magnetically sorted by an iron remover A6. The manually sorted glass bottles, large objects and the like fall into a waste bin A5. The iron material magnetically selected by the iron remover A6 is sent into the iron material buffer bin A7 through a chute. The manually sorted materials are conveyed to an extruder A10 through a transfer belt conveyor A8 and an extruder feeding belt conveyor A9. Extruder A10 can be with the rubbish extrusion separation of kitchen for dry material and wet material, and the dry material that extrudes is carried to extrusion dry material ejection of compact belt feeder A11 to after two A12 magnetic separations of de-ironing separator, fall into dry material buffer memory belt storehouse A14, then the loading is transported outward to the power generation of burning factory. Feeding the iron material magnetically selected by the second iron remover A12 into a second iron material buffer bin A13 through a chute; the extruded wet material is sent into a kitchen garbage wet material pretreatment system B through an extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw A15 and an extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw A16.
The wet kitchen waste material enters a pulp inlet of a hydraulic pulp washer B1, and meanwhile, industrial water in an industrial water tank B2 is input into a water inlet of a hydraulic pulp washer B1 under the action of an industrial water control valve B3; stirring and mixing the industrial water and the pulp in a hydrawasher B1; the hydraulic pulp washer B1 controls the discharge of pulp with different liquid levels through a top pulp outlet control valve B4, a top pulp outlet control valve B5 and a lower pulp outlet control valve B6; slurry at the top of the hydraulic pulp washer B1 is conveyed to a grid channel B7, light scum is separated by a fine grid B8 and a screw press B9 and conveyed to a first garbage can B10, and the rest slurry in the grid channel B7 flows into a kitchen residue sand removal pool B16; slurry at the lower part of the hydraulic pulp washer B1 is conveyed to a sand-water separator B13 for sand-water separation; the sand at the bottom of the hydrawasher B1 is also sent to a sand-water separator B13 through a sand conveying screw conveyor B12; the sand in the sand-water separator B13 is sent to a second garbage can B14 through a shaftless screw conveyor B27 after being precipitated, and the rest slurry overflows to a kitchen residue sand removal pool B16; the sediment at the bottom of the kitchen waste grit removal tank B16 is sucked out under the action of a circulating sand discharge pump B17 and is sent to a cyclone grit remover B18 for sand-water separation, the separated silt is discharged to a sand-water separator B13 from a sand discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone grit remover B18, and the sand-removed slurry flows back to the kitchen waste grit removal tank B16 from a water outlet of the cyclone grit remover B18; the slurry at the bottom of the kitchen waste sand removal tank B16 can also be directly conveyed back to the kitchen waste sand removal tank B16 through a circulating sand discharge pump B17 and is used for homogenizing the slurry in the kitchen waste sand removal tank B16; and the slurry in the kitchen residue sand removal tank B16 is conveyed to an anaerobic system B26 through a first discharge control valve B22 and a first discharge screw pump B23 or a second discharge control valve B24 and a second discharge screw pump B25.
The invention can effectively separate dry materials and wet materials in the garbage by breaking bags, manually sorting and extruding, and can further remove settled sand and scum in the wet materials by the hydraulic pulp washer, the sand-water separator and the cyclone desander so as to obtain organic matter slurry which is uniformly mixed and has few impurities, thereby facilitating the subsequent anaerobic fermentation process and simultaneously reducing the problems of abrasion of an oxidation reactor and the like.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. Equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage preprocessing device which characterized in that: comprises a kitchen waste pretreatment system and a kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system;
the kitchen waste pretreatment system comprises a waste grab bucket crane, a chain plate conveyor, a bag breaking machine, a manual sorting belt conveyor, a first iron remover, a first iron material buffer bin, a transfer belt conveyor, an extruder feeding belt conveyor, an extruder, an extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor, a second iron remover, a second iron material buffer bin, a dry material buffer bin, an extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw I and an extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw II; the garbage grab bucket crane is matched with the bag breaking machine through a chain plate conveyor; the bag breaking machine is connected with a manual sorting belt conveyor; the manual sorting belt conveyor is provided with a first iron remover; the first iron remover is connected with the first iron material caching bin; the manual sorting belt conveyor is connected with the feeding belt conveyor of the extruder through a transfer belt conveyor; the feeding belt conveyor of the extruding machine is connected with the inlet of the extruding machine; a dry material outlet of the extruder is connected with an extruded dry material discharging belt conveyor, and a wet material outlet is connected with an extruded wet material collecting and conveying screw I; the extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor is provided with a second iron remover; the iron remover II is connected with the iron material buffer bin II; the extrusion dry material discharging belt conveyor is connected with a dry material caching belt bin; the first extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw is connected with the second extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw;
the kitchen waste wet material pretreatment system comprises a hydraulic pulp washer, a top slurry outlet control valve, a lower slurry outlet control valve, an industrial water tank, an industrial water control valve, a grating channel, a fine grating, a screw press, a garbage can I, a sand conveying screw conveyor, a sand-water separator, a shaftless screw conveyor, a garbage can II, a kitchen waste sand removal tank, a circulating sand pump, a cyclone sand remover, a stop valve, a gate valve, a reflux valve, a discharging screw pump, a discharging control valve and an anaerobic system; the hydraulic pulp washer is provided with a water inlet, a pulp inlet, a sand discharge port, a top pulp outlet and a lower pulp outlet, the top pulp outlet is positioned at the top of the hydraulic pulp washer, and the lower pulp outlet is positioned at the lower part of the hydraulic pulp washer; the second extrusion wet material collecting and conveying screw is connected with a slurry inlet; the industrial water tank is connected with a water inlet of the hydraulic pulp washer through an industrial water control valve; the top slurry outlet is connected with the grid channel through a control valve of the top slurry outlet; the lower slurry outlet is connected with the sand-water separator through a lower slurry outlet control valve; a sand discharge port of the hydraulic pulp washer is connected with the sand-water separator through a sand conveying screw conveyor; a fine grid is arranged in the grid channel and connected with a screw press, and the screw press is connected with a first dustbin; an outlet at the tail end of the grating channel is connected with the kitchen residue desanding pool; an overflow port of the sand-water separator is connected with the kitchen residue desanding pool; the sand-water separator is connected with the second dustbin through a shaftless screw conveyor; the sand discharge port of the kitchen waste sand removal tank is connected with a circulating sand discharge pump through a stop valve; the circulating sand discharge pump is connected with the cyclone desander through a gate valve and is also connected with a slurry inlet of the kitchen waste desanding pool through a reflux valve; a slurry outlet of the kitchen waste grit removal tank is connected with a discharging screw pump through a discharging control valve, and the discharging screw pump is connected with an anaerobic system; the water outlet of the cyclone desander is connected with the kitchen residue desanding pool, and the sand outlet is connected with the sand-water separator.
2. The kitchen waste pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the kitchen waste pretreatment system further comprises a waste bin, and the manual sorting belt conveyor is matched with the waste bin.
3. The kitchen waste pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the top slurry outlet port control valve comprises a first top slurry outlet port control valve and a second top slurry outlet port control valve, and the two top slurry outlet ports are connected with the grid channel through the first top slurry outlet port control valve and the second top slurry outlet port control valve respectively.
4. The kitchen waste pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a first emptying valve is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic pulp washer.
5. The kitchen waste pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic pulp washer is also provided with an overflow pipe.
6. The kitchen waste pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a second emptying valve is arranged at the bottom of the sand-water separator.
7. The kitchen waste pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the shaftless screw conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the sand-water separator.
8. A kitchen waste pretreatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the kitchen waste pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
feeding kitchen waste materials to a chain conveyor by a waste grab bucket crane, conveying the kitchen waste materials to a bag breaking machine, and puncturing a plastic bag of the kitchen waste; conveying the crushed materials to a manual sorting belt conveyor, manually sorting the materials, magnetically sorting the materials by a first iron remover, and conveying the iron materials magnetically sorted by the first iron remover into a first iron material buffer bin; the materials after manual sorting are conveyed to an extruder through a transfer belt conveyor and an extruder feeding belt conveyor; extruding and separating the kitchen waste into dry materials and wet materials by an extruder, conveying the extruded dry materials to an extruded dry material discharging belt conveyor, and performing magnetic separation by an iron remover II to make the dry materials fall into a dry material buffer belt bin; feeding the iron material magnetically separated by the iron remover II into an iron material buffer bin II; the extruded wet material is sent into a pulp inlet of a hydraulic pulp washer through an extruded wet material collecting and conveying screw I and an extruded wet material collecting and conveying screw II;
industrial water in the industrial water tank is input into a water inlet of the hydraulic pulp washer under the action of the industrial water control valve, and the industrial water and the pulp are mixed in the hydraulic pulp washer; slurry at the top of the hydraulic pulp washer is conveyed to a grid channel, light scum is separated by a fine grid and a screw press and then conveyed to a first garbage can, and the rest slurry in the grid channel flows into a kitchen residue sand removal tank; the slurry at the lower part of the hydraulic pulp washer is conveyed to a sand-water separator for sand-water separation; the sand at the bottom of the hydraulic pulp washer is also conveyed to a sand-water separator through a sand conveying screw conveyor; the sand sediment in the sand-water separator is conveyed to a second dustbin through a shaftless screw conveyor, and the rest slurry overflows to a kitchen residue sand removal pool; the sediment at the bottom of the kitchen waste desanding pool is sucked out under the action of a circulating sand discharge pump and is sent to a cyclone desander for sand-water separation, the separated silt and sand are discharged to the sand-water separator from a sand discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone desander, and the desanded slurry flows back to the kitchen waste desanding pool from a water outlet of the cyclone desander; directly conveying the slurry at the bottom of the kitchen waste grit removal tank back to the kitchen waste grit removal tank through a circulating grit discharge pump for homogenizing the slurry in the kitchen waste grit removal tank; the slurry in the kitchen waste grit chamber is conveyed to an anaerobic system through a discharge control valve and a discharge screw pump.
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| CN202010234272.3A CN111318552A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Kitchen waste pretreatment device and pretreatment method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112077115A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-15 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Kitchen waste extrusion screening pretreatment and dry/wet anaerobic fermentation treatment process system |
| CN112251331A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-22 | 中国天楹股份有限公司 | Dry anaerobic fermentation system for dry and wet sorting pretreatment of kitchen waste and treatment method thereof |
| CN113441531A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-09-28 | 中国环境保护集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste pretreatment system and method |
| CN113458124A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中国环境保护集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system and method |
| CN114951227A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏大学 | Multifunctional dining table capable of realizing hard bone source separation |
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2020
- 2020-03-30 CN CN202010234272.3A patent/CN111318552A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112077115A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-15 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Kitchen waste extrusion screening pretreatment and dry/wet anaerobic fermentation treatment process system |
| CN112251331A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-22 | 中国天楹股份有限公司 | Dry anaerobic fermentation system for dry and wet sorting pretreatment of kitchen waste and treatment method thereof |
| CN113441531A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-09-28 | 中国环境保护集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste pretreatment system and method |
| CN113458124A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中国环境保护集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system and method |
| CN114951227A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏大学 | Multifunctional dining table capable of realizing hard bone source separation |
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