CN110538858A - Method and system for separating impurities from kitchen waste - Google Patents
Method and system for separating impurities from kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN110538858A CN110538858A CN201910764318.XA CN201910764318A CN110538858A CN 110538858 A CN110538858 A CN 110538858A CN 201910764318 A CN201910764318 A CN 201910764318A CN 110538858 A CN110538858 A CN 110538858A
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- kitchen waste
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001599 direct drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005008 domestic process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for separating impurities from kitchen waste, wherein the method comprises the steps of hydraulic cracking pulping, light and heavy impurity separation and waste output; the hydraulic breaking pulping is to break the kitchen waste by using impact and shearing force generated by hydraulic turbulence; separating light and heavy impurities into light garbage, intermediate slurry and heavy garbage after hydraulic breaking pulping, standing and layering; and (3) garbage output: respectively outputting the light garbage, the intermediate slurry and the heavy garbage, and extruding and dehydrating the light garbage after outputting; and (4) carrying out resource treatment on the intermediate slurry, and carrying out landfill treatment after outputting heavy garbage. The method adopts hydraulic breaking for pulping, so that not only the kitchen waste is broken, but also the light and heavy waste is separated. The method and the system have no mechanical crushing and sorting links, and have the advantages of less impurities in the slurry, high purity and high recycling efficiency. The problem that the existing kitchen waste pretreatment process is complex is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method and a system for separating impurities from kitchen waste.
background
In 8 months in 2011, related departments such as national development and modification committee, finance department, housing, urban and rural construction department start resource utilization of food waste and harmless treatment of city test points, 5 batches of 100 food waste treatment test point cities (regions) are disclosed successively, and 32 provincial administrative regions are covered. After the research of the years, the domestic food waste treatment technology gradually changes from 'full introduction' to 'digestion and absorption innovation' stage, and gradually returns to the food waste treatment technology research and development and equipment manufacturing which accord with the national conditions of China.
through the development of the last decade, the domestic process technology in the field of food waste treatment is developed from early stage of landfill, incineration and direct drying as feed to the present stage, and is suitable for small-scale microbial treatment technology/aerobic composting and large-scale anaerobic digestion technology.
At present, most (about 90%) of domestic food waste treatment projects adopt anaerobic biogas production processes, the anaerobic processes are developed for many years and basically mature, a plurality of established related projects are basically stable through continuous exploration, the biogas generation amount is also ensured to a certain extent, but the problems of poor raw material quality, low impurity removal efficiency, unstable operation effect and the like generally exist in the treatment process.
The invention discloses a kitchen waste pretreatment system in Chinese patent of invention system (CN110014018A), published 2019, 7 and 16, which comprises a filtering device, a coarse crushing device, a fine crushing device and a three-phase separating device, wherein the coarse crushing device and the fine crushing device are hammer type crushers. Because this type of breaker hammer leaf belongs to the vulnerable consumptive material, needs the change hammer leaf of unscheduled, consequently maintains that the maintenance is comparatively loaded down with trivial details.
the invention discloses a kitchen waste screening and pulping system and a kitchen waste screening and pulping process (CN106311721B) in the Chinese patent publication No. 2018, No. 6, No. 12, and the Chinese patent publication No. 6 discloses the kitchen waste screening and pulping system which comprises a crusher, a pulping machine and other equipment. The process is provided with crushing and screening links before pulping, and has long process chain and complex working procedures.
The invention discloses a novel kitchen waste pretreatment system and a novel kitchen waste treatment method in the Chinese invention patent of novel kitchen waste pretreatment system and treatment method, which is published in 2018, 11 and 27 days. The method comprises the steps of arranging a solid-liquid separation device, a roller sorting machine, a metal detector, a shredder, a small roller sorting machine and the like, wherein the solid-liquid separation device is a shaftless spiral conveyor which is similar to an inclined structure, solid substances are conveyed from bottom to top, and liquid flows out through a filter screen at the lower part by virtue of gravity. The process has the advantages of multiple devices, long flow and more complicated operation procedures.
At present, in the field of food waste treatment, the existing impurity removal pulping process is relatively complex, so that the development of a new food waste pretreatment process is particularly necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for separating impurities from kitchen waste. The method and the system have no mechanical crushing and sorting links, and have the advantages of less impurities in the slurry, high purity and high recycling efficiency. The problem that the existing kitchen waste pretreatment process is complex is solved.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for separating impurities from kitchen waste comprises the steps of hydraulic breaking pulping, light and heavy impurity separation and waste output;
The hydraulic breaking pulping is to break the kitchen waste by using impact and shearing force generated by hydraulic turbulence, and large-particle organic matters are broken into small-particle materials;
Separating light and heavy impurities into kitchen waste, standing for 10-15 minutes after hydraulic cracking pulping, and realizing automatic layering by utilizing the difference of material densities to form light waste, intermediate slurry and heavy waste;
and (3) garbage output: the light garbage, the intermediate slurry and the heavy garbage are respectively output,
The light garbage mainly comprises textile, plastics and fibers in the kitchen garbage, and is extruded and dehydrated after being output;
the intermediate slurry is mainly kitchen food slurry, easily-corroded vegetables, fruits, peels and the like, and is subjected to resource treatment;
The heavy garbage is mainly inorganic heavy matters such as sand stones, metals, glass, bones, shells and the like, and is subjected to landfill treatment.
preferably, a vertical hydraulic pulping machine is adopted for hydraulic breaking pulping.
Preferably, the intermediate slurry is subjected to resource treatment, and anaerobic digestion can be performed to prepare biogas or oil extraction treatment can be performed.
The invention also provides a system for separating impurities from kitchen waste, which comprises: hydraulic breaking pulping equipment, a light garbage conveyor, a slurry conveying pump, a heavy garbage conveyor and an extruder;
The hydraulic breaking pulping equipment comprises a light garbage outlet, an intermediate slurry outlet and a heavy garbage outlet, wherein the light garbage outlet of the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is connected with the light garbage conveyor, the intermediate slurry outlet of the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is connected with the slurry conveying pump, and the heavy garbage outlet of the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is connected with the heavy garbage conveyor; the light garbage conveyor is connected with the extruding machine.
Preferably, the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is a vertical hydraulic pulping machine, the diameter of a rotor at the bottom of the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is 700mm, and hydraulic turbulence is generated when the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment rotates at a high speed.
Preferably, the outlet of the slurry delivery pump is connected with an anaerobic pool or a horizontal screw centrifuge, and the intermediate slurry is subjected to resource treatment.
Preferably, the extruder is a horizontal waste paper packaging machine, the water content of the extruded waste paper is not more than 45%, the volume and the water content of the light garbage are reduced, and the transportation efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the light garbage conveyor is a first U-shaped groove shaftless screw conveyor.
Preferably, the heavy garbage conveyor is a second U-shaped groove shaftless screw conveyor.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
The invention uses hydraulic breaking pulping equipment to separate impurities from the kitchen waste and pulp the kitchen waste. A sorting system is not needed before the working procedure, and the method is suitable for directly treating unsorted kitchen waste. The hydraulic breaking pulping simultaneously completes the breaking of organic matters in the kitchen waste and the separation of light and heavy waste, and separates the light waste such as non-degradable plastics and the like from the heavy waste such as sand stones, shells, bones and the like. The light garbage is thrown away under the action of centrifugal force and is annularly distributed on the edge of a trough body of the hydrapulper, and the heavy garbage is deposited in the center of the bottom of the trough. The heavy garbage is buried, the light garbage is output and then is extruded, resource utilization can be realized, and the intermediate slurry is subjected to subsequent resource treatment.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a vertical hydraulic pulper is adopted, when a bottom rotary table rotates, materials move from top to bottom along the surface of the rotary table, are thrown to the edge of a groove body by the rotary table under the action of centrifugal force after moving to the position above the rotary table, rise along the groove body and then fall back to the bottom of the rotary table to form strong hydraulic impact and shearing action, and the materials are mutually rubbed and kneaded and finally dissociated into fine particles. Finally, the homogenized slurry is obtained, has small particles and good uniformity, and is beneficial to subsequent full anaerobic digestion; and the light garbage is thrown away under the action of centrifugal force and is annularly distributed on the edge of a tank body of the hydrapulper, the heavy garbage is deposited in the center of the bottom of the tank, and the middle slurry is in the center. Therefore, one hydraulic pulping machine can be used for crushing garbage and pulping, and simultaneously separating light garbage and heavy garbage and pulp, so that the subsequent treatment is facilitated.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a simple flow chart of a method for separating impurities from kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a specific method for separating impurities from kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-hydraulic breaking pulping equipment; 2-horizontal paper shredding and packaging machine.
Detailed Description
The method and the system for separating impurities from kitchen waste provided by the invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the specific kitchen waste pretreatment method and the system used in the method are described as follows with a treatment capacity of 100 t/d:
The kitchen waste is conveyed to the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment 1, and conventional shaftless spiral conveying equipment can be adopted for feeding. The kitchen waste is rich in sundries, the density difference of materials is large, particularly, the kitchen waste is large in viscosity, and the purpose of hydraulic breaking pulping is to separate the waste from each other by utilizing hydraulic turbulence so as to avoid adhesion together. The hydraulic breaking pulping equipment 1 adopts a common vertical hydraulic pulping machine (with the power of 110kw, the effective volume of 10m3 and the diameter of 3000mm) in the papermaking process to carry out hydraulic breaking pulping, and the breaking time is 10-15 minutes. The vertical hydraulic pulping machine can crush the kitchen waste and can also realize the separation of light and heavy impurities;
after the pulping process is broken by waterpower, the garbage is kept stand for 10-20 minutes, and the material deposition is finished. The heavy garbage is in the center, and the light garbage is annularly distributed on the edge of the groove body. At the moment, a valve at the center of the bottom is opened firstly, heavy garbage is discharged under the action of gravity, and is output by a heavy garbage conveyor (a second U-shaped groove shaftless spiral conveyor), and then buried;
After heavy garbage is discharged, a light garbage discharging valve is opened, light garbage is output by a light material conveyor (a second U-shaped groove shaftless spiral conveyor with the conveying capacity of 30m3/h, five-axis spiral and the diameter of a U-shaped groove of 500mm), and then is extruded and packaged by a horizontal paper shredder 2(YCY14-B, the rated pressure of 30Mpa and the processing capacity of 8-10 bags/hour), so that the heavy garbage can be recycled and can also be incinerated; and finally, opening a slurry discharge valve, and outputting slurry by using a centrifugal pump (150m3/h, the lift: 27-30m), wherein the slurry is conveyed to an anaerobic tank to prepare methane, and is conveyed to a horizontal screw centrifuge to perform oil-water separation to perform oil extraction treatment.
The destination conditions of the light garbage and heavy garbage and slurry products generated after the application of the method are shown in the following table:
| Specification of | production Capacity (t/d) | go to |
| Light garbage | 6 | Resource recovery |
| heavy garbage | 2 | Landfill treatment |
| intermediate slurry | 92 | Resource recovery |
| Total up to | 100 |
According to the method and the system for separating impurities from kitchen waste, firstly, the kitchen waste is hydraulically cracked to be pulped, the purpose is to utilize the characteristic that the water content of the kitchen waste is high, hydraulic impact and shearing force are used for hydraulically cracking the waste, and then centrifugal force is used for separating light and heavy impurities. Compressing and packaging the light garbage for incineration or recycling, burying the heavy garbage, and preparing methane or extracting oil from the intermediate slurry. Therefore, the process method of the embodiment has high automation degree and particularly simple process, not only can efficiently remove light impurities such as plastics and fibers mixed in the food waste, but also can remove heavy impurities such as sand, glass and metal mixed in the food waste, and the impurity separation effect is obvious.
The vertical hydraulic pulping machine common in the papermaking process is adopted in the embodiment, when the bottom rotary table rotates, materials move from top to bottom along the surface of the rotary table, and after the materials move to the upper part of the rotary table, the materials are thrown to the edge of the groove body by the rotary table under the action of centrifugal force, rise along the groove body and then fall back to the bottom of the rotary table to form strong hydraulic impact and shearing action, and the materials are mutually rubbed and kneaded and finally dissociated into fine particles. Finally, the homogenized slurry is obtained, has small particles and good uniformity, and is beneficial to subsequent full anaerobic digestion.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for separating impurities from kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the steps of hydraulic breaking pulping, light and heavy impurity separation and waste output;
The hydraulic breaking pulping is to crush the kitchen waste by using impact and shearing force generated by hydraulic turbulence;
separating light and heavy impurities into light garbage, intermediate slurry and heavy garbage after hydraulic breaking pulping, and standing for layering;
And (3) garbage output: respectively outputting the light garbage, the intermediate slurry and the heavy garbage, and extruding and dehydrating the light garbage after outputting;
And carrying out resource treatment on the intermediate slurry, and carrying out landfill treatment after the heavy garbage is output.
2. the method for separating impurities from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that a vertical hydraulic pulper is used for hydraulic breaking pulping.
3. the method for separating impurities from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate slurry is subjected to anaerobic digestion to produce biogas.
4. The method for separating impurities from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate slurry is subjected to oil extraction treatment.
5. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage impurity separation's system which characterized in that includes: hydraulic breaking pulping equipment, a light garbage conveyor, a slurry conveying pump, a heavy garbage conveyor and an extruder;
The hydraulic breaking pulping equipment comprises a light garbage outlet, an intermediate slurry outlet and a heavy garbage outlet, wherein the light garbage outlet of the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is connected with the light garbage conveyor, the intermediate slurry outlet of the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is connected with the slurry conveying pump, and the heavy garbage outlet of the hydraulic breaking pulping equipment is connected with the heavy garbage conveyor; the light garbage conveyor is connected with the extruding machine.
6. The system for separating impurities in kitchen waste according to claim 5, wherein said hydraulic breaking pulping apparatus is a vertical hydraulic pulping machine.
7. the system for separating impurities in kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that the outlet of said slurry delivery pump is connected to an anaerobic tank or a horizontal screw centrifuge.
8. the kitchen waste impurity separation system according to claim 5, wherein the extruder is a horizontal waste paper baler.
9. The system for separating impurities from kitchen waste according to claim 5, wherein said light waste conveyor is a first U-shaped groove shaftless screw conveyor.
10. The system for separating impurities in kitchen waste according to claim 5 or 9, characterized in that said heavy waste conveyor is a second U-shaped trough shaftless screw conveyor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910764318.XA CN110538858A (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Method and system for separating impurities from kitchen waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910764318.XA CN110538858A (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Method and system for separating impurities from kitchen waste |
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| CN110538858A true CN110538858A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111360034A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-03 | 深圳市腾浪再生资源发展有限公司 | Kitchen waste pretreatment system and method |
| CN113458125A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中国环境保护集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system and method |
| CN114101283A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment process and device |
| CN116369285A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-07-04 | 上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司 | Method for culturing hermetia illucens by utilizing wet garbage to sort and fix residues |
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| CN205873957U (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2017-01-11 | 华南农业大学 | Kitchen garbage separator |
| CN211134920U (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-07-31 | 上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司 | Kitchen garbage impurity separation system |
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2019
- 2019-08-19 CN CN201910764318.XA patent/CN110538858A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN103641519A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-19 | 青岛福创环境科技有限公司 | Method for producing novel fertilizer by resourcefully utilizing kitchen wastes |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111360034A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-03 | 深圳市腾浪再生资源发展有限公司 | Kitchen waste pretreatment system and method |
| CN113458125A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中国环境保护集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system and method |
| CN113458125B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2024-05-28 | 中国环境保护集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system and method |
| CN114101283A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment process and device |
| CN116369285A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-07-04 | 上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司 | Method for culturing hermetia illucens by utilizing wet garbage to sort and fix residues |
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