CN111365715B - Kitchen waste and food and beverage waste collaborative incineration treatment system and method - Google Patents
Kitchen waste and food and beverage waste collaborative incineration treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111365715B CN111365715B CN202010222831.9A CN202010222831A CN111365715B CN 111365715 B CN111365715 B CN 111365715B CN 202010222831 A CN202010222831 A CN 202010222831A CN 111365715 B CN111365715 B CN 111365715B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Abstract
The invention relates to a kitchen waste and food and beverage waste collaborative incineration treatment system which comprises a kitchen waste treatment unit, a food and beverage waste treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the kitchen waste treatment unit and the food and beverage waste treatment unit are respectively connected with the post-treatment unit. The invention can realize the synergic incineration treatment of two different types of materials, namely kitchen garbage and food garbage, and improve the scale benefit of a single treatment project; the invention realizes the solid-liquid separation of the kitchen waste and the food waste, greatly reduces the waste amount entering the incineration system, prevents illegal cooking oil from entering a food chain, reduces the pressure of a sewage treatment system, can better realize the harmlessness and reclamation of the kitchen waste and the food waste, and has strong applicability; the invention can share the odor suction system, the sewage treatment system and the steam system of the incineration power plant, has ready-made circuits and water paths, improves the use efficiency of equipment, saves project investment and improves project economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of household garbage treatment, in particular to a system and a method for co-incinerating kitchen garbage and food and beverage garbage.
Background
The kitchen waste is perishable organic waste such as discarded fruit and vegetable and food leftovers, melon and fruit skins in daily life of a family, and discarded fruits and vegetables in farmer fruit and vegetable markets. The kitchen garbage is easy to rot and generate odor, and the water content of the kitchen garbage is about 60-70% (the solid content is about 30-40%).
The food waste refers to food residues of restaurants, unit dining halls and the like and wastes of post-kitchen fruits, vegetables, meat, grease, pastry and the like in the processing process. The water content of the garbage can reach 85% or more (the solid content is generally below 15%), the garbage has higher water content than kitchen garbage, and the garbage contains more grease components.
Among kitchen waste treatment technologies, the anaerobic digestion technology and the collaborative incineration technology are most widely applied relatively. In comparison, the application of the anaerobic digestion technology to treat the kitchen waste has outstanding advantages in the aspect of ecological environment, but has the problems of high investment, suitability for large-scale projects and the like; and the collaborative incineration technology has the characteristics of most thorough reduction degree, low investment, high profit and the like. Combine the current situation of kitchen garbage disposal, and build jointly with domestic waste incineration power plant, have the incineration disposal advantage that has been unique, consequently recommend to adopt and squeeze dehydration preliminary treatment, the residue is finally transported to domestic waste incineration power plant incineration disposal. Although the efficiency of press dewatering for the current kitchen waste pretreatment is still limited, it is acceptable for the current scale. If forced garbage classification is carried out later, the amount of kitchen garbage is greatly increased, and on the basis, anaerobic fermentation is carried out, so that the cost of residue treatment can be reduced, and the economic benefit is improved on the whole.
When the food waste treatment capacity is more than 200t/d, anaerobic fermentation treatment is preferably adopted, the treatment technology is mature and reliable, and clean energy, namely methane, can be generated. The early investment of the anaerobic fermentation treatment process is large, but the recovery of economic benefit cannot be finished in areas with insufficient production of food wastes. Therefore, anaerobic fermentation processes are not suitable for the disposal of food waste in these areas. According to the test, the average lower calorific value of the dry basis of the food waste is 18828kJ/kg, and when the water content is 50%, the average lower calorific value is 5240kJ/kg, which is equivalent to the lower calorific value of the household waste and completely meets the condition of the mixed burning of the household waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a system and a method for co-incinerating kitchen waste and food waste to solve the problems of low resource recovery rate and low efficiency in the prior art by respectively treating the kitchen waste and the food waste.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: provides a method for co-incinerating kitchen garbage and food garbage, which has the innovation points that: the collaborative incineration treatment system comprises a kitchen waste treatment unit, a food and beverage waste treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the kitchen waste treatment unit and the food and beverage waste treatment unit are respectively connected with the post-treatment unit;
the kitchen waste treatment unit comprises a storage hopper, a chain plate feeder, a homogenizing and bag breaking machine, a light material separator, a magnetic separator, a crusher and a squeezing dehydrator, wherein the storage hopper, the chain plate feeder, the homogenizing and bag breaking machine, the light material separator, the magnetic separator, the crusher and the squeezing dehydrator are sequentially connected, and the squeezing dehydrator is connected with the post-treatment unit;
the food and beverage garbage treatment unit comprises a receiving hopper, a double-screw feeder, a large substance sorting machine, a pulping machine, a sundry removing machine, a buffer tank, a heating tank, a three-phase separator and a grease processing unit, wherein the receiving hopper, the double-screw feeder, the large substance sorting machine, the pulping machine, the sundry removing machine, the buffer tank, the heating tank, the three-phase separator and the grease processing unit are sequentially connected, and the three-phase separator is connected with the post-processing unit;
the post-treatment unit comprises a sewage treatment unit and an incineration treatment unit, and the sewage treatment unit and the incineration treatment unit are respectively connected with the squeezing dehydrator and the three-phase separator;
the collaborative incineration treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of kitchen garbage:
(1.1) loading the kitchen garbage into a plastic bag, and unloading the kitchen garbage into a storage hopper after the kitchen garbage is collected and transported by a vehicle;
(1.2) conveying the kitchen waste in the storage hopper to a material homogenizing and bag breaking machine by a chain plate feeder, and breaking a plastic bag containing the kitchen waste by the material homogenizing and bag breaking machine to completely release the kitchen waste;
(1.3) conveying the broken kitchen waste to a light substance sorting machine, removing light drifts in the kitchen waste by using the light substance sorting machine, magnetically sorting the kitchen waste from which the light drifts are removed by using a magnetic separator, and delivering metal impurities in the kitchen waste to the outside;
(1.4) uniformly putting the kitchen waste with the separated metal impurities into a crusher, and crushing the kitchen waste by using the crusher through double-shaft rotary operation;
(1.5) carrying out dehydration treatment on solid and liquid of the kitchen waste by a squeezing dehydrator on the crushed kitchen waste;
(2) Pretreatment of food waste:
(2.1) the food waste is unloaded to a receiving hopper after being collected and transported by a vehicle, the food waste in the receiving hopper is conveyed to a large substance sorting machine through a double-screw feeder, large substances in the food waste are separated by the large substance sorting machine, and the separated large substances are transported outside, wherein the large substances comprise plastic bags, glass bottles and zip-top cans;
(2.2) the food waste sorted by the big material sorting machine automatically flows into a hopper below the big material sorting machine through the action of gravity and then is conveyed into a pulping machine, and the food waste is crushed and pulped under the stirring of a stirring shaft in the pulping machine and enters a sundries removing machine through an overflow pipe;
(2.3) precipitating heavy foreign matters in the pulping machine to the bottom of a tank body of the pulping machine, discharging the heavy foreign matters through a discharging mechanism at the bottom of the pulping machine, finally transferring the heavy foreign matters to foreign matter conveying equipment through a screw conveyor for outward conveying, removing light matters through a foreign matter removing machine, dehydrating the screened oversize matters through reducing and variable screw extrusion, and finally, delivering the solid light float matters;
(2.4) pumping the food waste slurry after impurity removal to a buffer tank, then sending the food waste slurry to a heating tank, heating the food waste slurry in the heating tank through steam, and removing sand through a sand setting device to remove heavy substances in the organic slurry;
(2.5) heating the food waste slurry, sending the heated food waste slurry into a three-phase separator, separating the food waste slurry into grease, waste water and residues, and sending the grease to a grease treatment unit;
(3) The kitchen garbage and the food and beverage garbage are treated in a synergistic manner:
(3.1) dry matter obtained by the preliminary treatment of the kitchen waste enters an incineration treatment unit for incineration treatment, and wastewater enters a sewage treatment unit for sewage treatment;
and (3.2) pumping the waste water obtained by the preliminary treatment of the food wastes to a sewage treatment unit, and conveying the separated residues to an incineration treatment unit through a spiral conveying system.
Further, the sand settling device in the step (2.4) is a rotational flow sand settling device.
Further, the squeezing dehydrator is a spiral squeezing dehydrator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention can realize the synergic incineration treatment of two different types of materials, namely kitchen garbage and food garbage, and improve the scale benefit of a single treatment project;
(2) The invention realizes the solid-liquid separation of the kitchen waste and the food waste, greatly reduces the amount of the waste entering the incineration system, lightens the pressure of a sewage treatment system, can better realize the harmlessness and the reclamation of the kitchen waste and the food waste, and has strong applicability;
(3) The invention can share the odor suction system, the sewage treatment system and the steam system of the incineration power plant, has ready-made circuits and water paths, improves the use efficiency of equipment, saves project investment and improves project economic benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for co-incinerating kitchen waste and food waste according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described by the following detailed description.
The invention provides a kitchen waste and food waste collaborative incineration treatment system, which is shown in a system block diagram in figure 1 and comprises a kitchen waste treatment unit, a food waste treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the kitchen waste treatment unit and the food waste treatment unit are respectively connected with the post-treatment unit.
The kitchen waste treatment unit comprises a storage hopper 1, a chain plate feeder 2, a material homogenizing and bag breaking machine 3, a light material separator 4, a magnetic separator 5, a crusher 6 and a squeezing dehydrator 7, wherein the storage hopper 1, the chain plate feeder 2, the material homogenizing and bag breaking machine 3, the light material separator 4, the magnetic separator 5, the crusher 6 and the squeezing dehydrator 7 are sequentially connected, the squeezing dehydrator 7 is connected with a post-treatment unit, and the squeezing dehydrator 7 is a screw squeezing dehydrator.
The food waste treatment unit comprises a receiving hopper 8, a double-screw feeder 9, a large material sorting machine 10, a pulping machine 11, a sundries removing machine 12, a buffer tank 13, a heating tank 14, a three-phase separator 15 and a grease processing unit 16, wherein the receiving hopper 8, the double-screw feeder 9, the large material sorting machine 10, the pulping machine 11, the sundries removing machine 12, the buffer tank 13, the heating tank 14, the three-phase separator 15 and the grease processing unit 16 are sequentially connected, and the three-phase separator 15 is connected with a post-processing unit.
The post-treatment unit comprises a sewage treatment unit 17 and an incineration treatment unit 18, wherein the sewage treatment unit 17 and the incineration treatment unit 18 are respectively connected with a squeezing dehydrator 7 and a three-phase separator 15.
The invention also provides a method for co-incinerating kitchen waste and food waste, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pre-treating kitchen garbage;
(2) Pre-treating food waste;
(3) The kitchen garbage and the food and beverage garbage are treated cooperatively.
The pretreatment of the kitchen waste in the step (1) of the method comprises the following steps:
(1.1) the kitchen waste is filled into a plastic bag and is unloaded into a storage hopper 1 after being collected and transported by a vehicle, and the storage hopper 1 can meet the storage requirement of the kitchen waste unloading amount in the peak period of material collection and transportation and can meet the transportation of the material condition under the condition of different collection and transportation quality;
(1.2) conveying the kitchen waste in the storage hopper 1 to a material homogenizing and bag breaking machine 3 by a chain plate feeder 2, and breaking a plastic bag containing the kitchen waste by the material homogenizing and bag breaking machine 3 to completely release the kitchen waste so as to more fully treat the kitchen waste;
(1.3) conveying the broken kitchen waste to a light substance sorting machine 4, removing light drifts in the kitchen waste by using the light substance sorting machine 4, carrying out magnetic sorting on the kitchen waste from which the light drifts are removed by using a magnetic separator 5, and carrying out outward delivery treatment on metal impurities in the kitchen waste;
(1.4) uniformly putting the kitchen waste with the separated metal impurities into a crusher 6, and crushing the kitchen waste by using the crusher 6 through double-shaft rotary operation;
(1.5) dehydrating the solid and liquid of the kitchen waste by a squeezing dehydrator 7.
The pretreatment of the food waste in step (2) of the method comprises the following steps:
(2.1) the food waste is unloaded to a receiving hopper 8 after being collected and transported by a vehicle, the food waste in the receiving hopper 8 is conveyed to a large substance sorting machine 10 through a double-screw feeder 9, the large substance sorting machine 10 separates out large substances in the food waste, and the separated large substances are transported outside, wherein the large substances comprise plastic bags, glass bottles, pop cans and the like;
(2.2) the food waste sorted by the bulk sorter 10 automatically flows into a hopper below the bulk sorter 10 under the action of gravity and is conveyed into a pulping machine 11, the food waste is crushed and pulped under the stirring of a stirring shaft in the pulping machine 11, and the food waste enters a sundry removing machine 12 through an overflow pipe;
(2.3) precipitating heavy foreign matters in the pulping machine 11 to the bottom of a tank body of the pulping machine 11, discharging the heavy foreign matters through a discharging mechanism at the bottom of the pulping machine 11, finally transferring the heavy foreign matters to foreign matter conveying equipment through a screw conveyor for outward conveying, removing light matters through a foreign matter removing machine 12, dehydrating the screened oversize matters through reducing and variable screw extrusion, and finally, transferring the solid light float matters;
(2.4) pumping the food waste slurry subjected to impurity removal to a buffer tank 13, then feeding the food waste slurry into a heating tank 14, heating the food waste slurry in the heating tank through steam, and removing sand through a sand setting device to remove heavy substances in the organic slurry, wherein the sand setting device is a rotational flow sand setting device which can effectively remove particles in the slurry;
(2.5) the heated food waste slurry is sent to a three-phase separator 15, the food waste slurry is subjected to grease, waste water and residue separation, and the grease is sent to a grease treatment unit 16.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) cooperatively treating the kitchen waste and the food waste in the step (3):
(3.1) dry matters obtained by the preliminary treatment of the kitchen waste enter an incineration treatment unit 18 for incineration treatment, and wastewater enters a sewage treatment unit 17 for sewage treatment;
(3.2) pumping the waste water obtained by the preliminary treatment of the food residue to a sewage treatment unit 17, and delivering the separated residue to an incineration treatment unit 18 through a screw delivery system.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall into the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention as claimed are all described in the technical claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for co-incinerating kitchen waste and food waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the collaborative incineration treatment system comprises a kitchen waste treatment unit, a food and beverage waste treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the kitchen waste treatment unit and the food and beverage waste treatment unit are respectively connected with the post-treatment unit;
the kitchen waste treatment unit comprises a storage hopper, a chain plate feeder, a homogenizing bag breaking machine, a light material separator, a magnetic separator, a crusher and a squeezing dehydrator, wherein the storage hopper, the chain plate feeder, the homogenizing bag breaking machine, the light material separator, the magnetic separator, the crusher and the squeezing dehydrator are sequentially connected, and the squeezing dehydrator is connected with the post-treatment unit;
the food and beverage garbage treatment unit comprises a receiving hopper, a double-screw feeder, a large substance sorting machine, a pulping machine, a sundries removing machine, a buffer tank, a heating tank, a three-phase separator and a grease processing unit, wherein the receiving hopper, the double-screw feeder, the large substance sorting machine, the pulping machine, the sundries removing machine, the buffer tank, the heating tank, the three-phase separator and the grease processing unit are sequentially connected, and the three-phase separator is connected with the post-processing unit;
the post-treatment unit comprises a sewage treatment unit and an incineration treatment unit, and the sewage treatment unit and the incineration treatment unit are respectively connected with the squeezing dehydrator and the three-phase separator;
the collaborative incineration treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of kitchen garbage:
(1.1) loading the kitchen garbage into a plastic bag, and unloading the kitchen garbage into a storage hopper after the kitchen garbage is collected and transported by a vehicle;
(1.2) conveying the kitchen waste in the storage hopper to a material homogenizing and bag breaking machine by a chain plate feeding machine, and breaking a plastic bag containing the kitchen waste by the material homogenizing and bag breaking machine to completely release the kitchen waste;
(1.3) conveying the broken kitchen waste to a light substance sorting machine, removing light drifts in the kitchen waste by using the light substance sorting machine, magnetically sorting the kitchen waste from which the light drifts are removed by using a magnetic separator, and delivering metal impurities in the kitchen waste to the outside;
(1.4) uniformly putting the kitchen waste with the separated metal impurities into a crusher, and crushing the kitchen waste by using the crusher through double-shaft rotary operation;
(1.5) carrying out dehydration treatment on solid and liquid of the kitchen waste by a squeezing dehydrator on the crushed kitchen waste;
(2) Pretreatment of food waste:
(2.1) the food waste is unloaded to a receiving hopper after being collected and transported by a vehicle, the food waste in the receiving hopper is conveyed to a large substance sorting machine through a double-screw feeder, large substances in the food waste are separated by the large substance sorting machine, and the separated large substances are transported outside, wherein the large substances comprise plastic bags, glass bottles and zip-top cans;
(2.2) the food waste sorted by the big material sorting machine automatically flows into a hopper below the big material sorting machine through the action of gravity and then is conveyed into a pulping machine, and the food waste is crushed and pulped under the stirring of a stirring shaft in the pulping machine and enters a sundries removing machine through an overflow pipe;
(2.3) precipitating heavy foreign matters in the pulping machine to the bottom of a tank body of the pulping machine, discharging the heavy foreign matters through a discharging mechanism at the bottom of the pulping machine, finally transferring the heavy foreign matters to foreign matter conveying equipment through a screw conveyor for outward conveying, removing light matters through a foreign matter removing machine, dehydrating the screened oversize matters through reducing and variable screw extrusion, and finally, delivering the solid light float matters;
(2.4) pumping the food waste slurry after impurity removal to a buffer tank, then sending the food waste slurry to a heating tank, heating the food waste slurry in the heating tank through steam, and removing sand through a sand setting device to remove heavy substances in the organic slurry;
(2.5) heating the food waste slurry, sending the heated food waste slurry into a three-phase separator, separating the food waste slurry into grease, waste water and residues, and sending the grease to a grease treatment unit;
(3) The kitchen garbage and the food and beverage garbage are treated in a synergistic manner:
(3.1) dry matter obtained by the preliminary treatment of the kitchen waste enters an incineration treatment unit for incineration treatment, and wastewater enters a sewage treatment unit for sewage treatment;
and (3.2) pumping the waste water obtained by the preliminary treatment of the food wastes to a sewage treatment unit, and conveying the separated residues to an incineration treatment unit through a spiral conveying system.
2. The method for co-incinerating kitchen waste and food and beverage waste according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) the sand setting device in the step (2.4) is a rotational flow sand setting device.
3. The method for co-incinerating kitchen waste and food and beverage waste according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the squeezing dehydrator is a spiral squeezing dehydrator.
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Families Citing this family (6)
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| CN112077115A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-15 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Kitchen waste extrusion screening pretreatment and dry/wet anaerobic fermentation treatment process system |
| CN112443845A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-05 | 芜湖海螺投资有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system |
| CN112303653A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 芜湖海螺投资有限公司 | Kitchen waste pretreatment method |
| CN112413595A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-26 | 芜湖海螺投资有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment method |
| CN113578935A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-02 | 中国天楹股份有限公司 | Resourceful treatment method for kitchen waste |
| CN114042726B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-01-30 | 瀚蓝环境股份有限公司 | Method and system for treating multi-source organic solid waste |
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