CN109513722A - Kitchen waste treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents

Kitchen waste treatment system and treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109513722A
CN109513722A CN201811232745.5A CN201811232745A CN109513722A CN 109513722 A CN109513722 A CN 109513722A CN 201811232745 A CN201811232745 A CN 201811232745A CN 109513722 A CN109513722 A CN 109513722A
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tank
biogas
slurry
solid
transported
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林朝阳
何楚亮
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Dongguan University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/02Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M45/00Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/04Phase separators; Separation of non fermentable material; Fractionation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/06Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by chemical means or hydrolysis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/20Heating; Cooling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M47/00Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
    • C12M47/18Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023Methane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20Waste processing or separation

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Abstract

The invention relates to a kitchen waste treatment system and a treatment method, the system comprises a kitchen waste digestion system and a biogas slurry treatment system, the kitchen waste digestion system comprises a waste receiving hopper, a bag breaking machine, a manual sorting platform, a spiral lifting conveyor, a crushing pulping machine, a solid-liquid separator, a cyclone sand remover, a damp-heat hydrolysis tank, a three-phase horizontal spiral centrifuge, a homogenizing tank, an anaerobic digestion tank, a spiral dehydrator, a biogas slurry transfer station, a solid waste collection device, a biogas purifier, a refining purification device, a CNG tank and a biogas boiler, the kitchen waste is treated by a series of steps to obtain crude oil, biogas residue and biogas slurry, the biogas residue and the biogas slurry can be prepared into organic fertilizer, the crude oil can be treated to prepare biodiesel, the landfill land in the original kitchen waste treatment is greatly reduced, the secondary pollution of the environment is effectively prevented, and the resource utilization of the kitchen waste is realized, has good application prospect.

Description

A kind of restaurant garbage treating system and processing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a kind of restaurant garbage treating system and processing method.
Background technique
For kitchen garbage the general name for being food and drink and rubbish from cooking, food garbage is the diet in restaurant, restaurant, unit dining room etc. Residue and the process waste in rear kitchen, such as fruits and vegetables, meat, grease, millet cake;Rubbish from cooking is family daily life Middle discarding biodegradable organic waste, such as fruits and vegetables, garbage material, leftovers leftovers, melon and fruit peel etc..
The characteristics of kitchen garbage is water content height, and moisture content reaches 80%-95%;Contents of saccharide is high, with protein, starch Based on animal tallow etc., and salt content is high (part kitchen garbage capsicum, acetic acid content are high);High organic content (albumen Matter, cellulose, starch, grease etc.), impurity content is high, viscosity is high.It is perishable, easy to ferment, easy smelly, Yi Zisheng helminth, worm The poisonous and harmful substances such as ovum and pathogenic microorganism and mould.
The kitchen garbage in China is mainly used for being collected by the peasant of surrounding city using there is long history It directly uses as animal feed or is used as vegetable fertilizer, but the problem of this Land use systems is: in kitchen garbage Containing a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms, zoogenetic infection is on the one hand easily caused, on the other hand causes human infection, forms cross-infection; The rear easy infection of pig feed and the various diseases of induction, and then the dosage to sick pig is increased, therefore antibiotics can be increased Residual, these left drugs enter human body by pork, are easy to cause damages to human health;Kitchen garbage makees feed may It will lead to homologous contact scar;In addition, the grease in kitchen garbage is re-used as evil mind edible oil (trench after being refined by criminal Oil) using also threat is generated to the health of the mankind, aflatoxins, the toxin such as benzene and some not clean generations of filtering are contained in gutter oil Impurity, long-term consumption will cause the generation of chronic disease, or even can be carcinogenic.
With accelerating development for Urbanization in China, urban biomass garbage (comprising kitchen garbage, agriculture and forestry rubbish, Animal wastes etc.) yield sharply increases, it has also become important pollution sources, it is anxious wait be pocessed and utilize, it develops and is suitble to China The anaerobic digestion key technology and equipment of urban biomass garbage characteristic facilitate the technology body for improving municipal solid waste management System improves municipal solid waste and handles intervention level.
Summary of the invention
A kind of restaurant garbage treating system and processing method proposed the purpose of the present invention is to solve background technique, Kitchen garbage is obtained into crude oil rouge, biogas, biogas residue and biogas slurry, biogas residue, biogas slurry by a series of pre-treatments and Anaerobic Digestion It can be made into organic fertilizer, crude oil rouge prepares biodiesel after may be processed, not only substantially reduce original kitchen garbage processing In landfill land used, effectively prevent secondary environmental pollution, also achieve the resource utilization of kitchen garbage, have applications well Prospect.
The kitchen garbage processing skill that anaerobic digestion process has been a mature and reliable, has had wide experience in developed country Art has high-moisture, high grease, high protein, height although the kitchen garbage of China and the component of refuse of developed country slightly have difference The characteristics such as salinity, but influence caused by these factors can be avoided by adjusting technique itself;So can be according to reality Situation is paid the utmost attention to using domestic and international technology maturation, technique that is high-efficient, having the reliable Equipment Foundations that run smoothly, anaerobic digestion Processing technique is the optimal selection for meeting the meal garbage disposal of China large- and-medium size cities.
A kind of restaurant garbage treating system of the invention, which is characterized in that the restaurant garbage treating system includes kitchen Rubbish digestive system and biogas slurry treatment system, the kitchen garbage digestive system include rubbish receiving hopper, bag-breaking machine, artificial separation Platform, screw elevating conveyor, broken pulper, solid-liquid separating machine, hydrocyclone, damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot, three-phase decanter centrifugation Machine, homogeneous pond, anaerobic digestor, spiral dewaterer, biogas slurry terminal, solid refuse collection device, biogas purifier, purification mention Pure device, CNG tank and methane boiler;
The rubbish receiving hopper receives the kitchen garbage of kitchen garbage transport vehicle delivery and is transported to broken bag by screw conveyor In machine;
The bag-breaking machine is sent into artificial separation platform after carrying out broken bag processing to rubbish;
The artificial separation platform carries out artificial separation to kitchen garbage, and non-kitchen garbage therein is sorted out, spiral shell is passed through The solid refuse that kitchen garbage after sorting is sent to broken pulper, and screw elevating conveyor is generated by rotation elevating conveyor It send to the solid refuse collection device;
The broken pulper, which crush to solid waste, is made slurries, slurries is sent into solid-liquid separating machine, and will be described broken The solid refuse that broken pulper generates is sent to the solid refuse collection device;
The solid-liquid separating machine is separated by solid-liquid separation slurries, sub-elects grease and solid refuse, and grease feeding eddy flow is removed Sand device, and the solid refuse that the solid-liquid separating machine generates is sent to the solid refuse collection device;
The hydrocyclone is sent into damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot after carrying out desanding to liquid material, and the hydrocyclone is generated Solid refuse is sent to the solid refuse collection device;
The damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolyzes the heating of liquid material, so that being sent into three-phase decanter after the grease hydrolysis in liquid material Centrifuge;
The Three-phase decanter centrifuge carries out oily solid-liquid three phase separation to the liquid material after hydrolysis, sub-elect crude oil rouge, water and Solid material, and feed the water into homogeneous pond;
Anaerobic digestor is sent into after the flow, pH value and solid content of water are adjusted in the homogeneous pond;
The anaerobic digestor carries out Anaerobic Digestion to water, the slurry after generating biogas and fermentation, and by the slurry after fermentation Material is sent into spiral dewaterer, and biogas is sent into biogas purifier by pipeline;
The spiral dewaterer is carried out dehydrating the slurry after fermentation, generates biogas residue and biogas slurry, and biogas slurry is sent into biogas slurry transfer It stands and carries out subsequent processing, biogas residue is transported to landfill yard by transport vehicle and filled;
The biogas purifier is sent into purification purifying plant after purifying to biogas;
Feeding CNG tank stores after the purification purifying plant carries out purification purification to biogas;
The methane boiler burns the biogas in the biogas purifier of part, disappears for the damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot and the anaerobism Change tank heat supply.
As further restriction of the invention, biogas slurry treatment system includes grid and homogeneous pond, bag filter, film life Change reactor, sludge-tank, dewaterer and supernatant liquid pool;
The grid and homogeneous pond carry out the bulky grain separated from contaminants in biogas slurry static subsequently into homogeneous pond;
The bag filter is sent into the biogas slurry processing for re-filtering after homogeneous after separating small particles of pollution object therein Me.mbrane bioreactor;
The me.mbrane bioreactor generates clear water progress reuse after removing organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by biochemical process
The denitrification pond, nitrification tank pass through pipeline with ultrafiltration system and connect sludge-tank, by denitrification pond, nitrification tank and ultrafiltration The sludge that system generates is kept in by pipeline to sludge-tank, and the sludge-tank is connect by conveyer with dewaterer, After dewaterer is carried out dehydrating sludge, clear water is delivered in supernatant liquid pool, supernatant by pipeline to grid and Homogeneous pond is homogenized processing to biogas slurry.
As further restriction of the invention, me.mbrane bioreactor includes a sequentially connected denitrification pond, two Continuous nitrification tank and a ultrafiltration system, the ultrafiltration system is connect by pipeline with denitrification pond, by sewage not up to standard Reflux is sent to denitrification pond and carries out denitrification processing.
As further restriction of the invention, damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot heating temperature is 90 DEG C.
As further restriction of the invention, the slurries solid content of mixing is adjusted in homogeneous pond to 8%, adjustment liquid makes With the supernatant after biogas slurry treatment, the conical bottom that slurry storage device is equipped with precipitates silt, periodically passes through sand removing hole sediment outflow, slurries storage Cryopreservation device is equipped with temperature raising and maintaining device, and slurry storage device internal temperature is 35-38 DEG C, liquid pH value control 6.5-8.5, Temperature and pH value are controlled by on-Line Monitor Device, and slurries stop 1d in slurry storage device.
As further restriction of the invention, warm anaerobic fermentation is used in anaerobic digestor, heating temperature is 35 DEG C, object The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C:N) of material controls within the scope of 20:1-25:1;Anaerobic digestor is cylindrical fermentor, and bottom is plane, tank body For concrete dense seal structure, fermentor top is equipped with dross removal device, is equipped with biogas cover at the top of fermentor, collects biogas conveying To biogas treatment process, slurries in fermentor residence time 21d, anaerobic digestor can outer surface be arranged heat insulating device and Temperature compensation means, temperature compensation means institute calorific requirement are provided by methane boiler.
The invention further particularly discloses a kind of Food waste treatment method, this method specifically: kitchen garbage transport vehicle into It after, weighs and records by electronic car platform scale first, referring to subsequently into fortune vehicle in independent closed splicing, is received Positioning, which is set, is discharged into interior rubbish in rubbish reception hopper;Kitchen garbage is transported in bag-breaking machine by screw conveyor and is carried out Broken bag is handled, and the kitchen garbage after broken bag is delivered to artificial separation platform by conveying device, by the non-kitchen garbage in rubbish Sort out, the kitchen garbage after sorting by screw elevating conveyor be delivered to broken pulper be crushed, sorted, Slurrying, the solid refuse sub-elected are transported to solid refuse collection device outside, and slurry enters solid-liquid separating machine and sieved, isolated Solid refuse outside be transported to solid refuse collection device;Remaining slurry, which enters in buffer tank, keeps in, using cyclone desanding device After desanding, after slurries are heated to 90 DEG C into damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot, by Three-phase decanter centrifuge, isolate crude oil rouge, water and consolidate Body material three-phase, water and solid material are transported to after homogeneous pond mixed, and are controlled and adjusted the slurries of mixing in homogeneous pond and contain Gu rate is to 8%, for adjustment liquid using the supernatant after biogas slurry treatment, the conical bottom that slurry storage device is equipped with precipitates silt, periodically logical Sand removing hole sediment outflow is crossed, slurry storage device is equipped with temperature raising and maintaining device, and slurry storage device internal temperature is 35-38 DEG C, liquid PH value control is 6.5-8.5, and temperature and pH value are by Online Monitoring Control, and slurries are after slurry storage device stops 1d, daily Anaerobic fermentation tank is sent into timing, in 35 DEG C of progresss intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentations, fermentation period 30 days, and using the lower side for feeding top discharge Formula, biogas residue, the biogas slurry of generation, is separated by solid-liquid separation through spiral dewaterer, and dehydration biogas residue is filled out after being transported to terminal; Biogas slurry enters biogas slurry terminal and is kept in, and biogas is sent into waterless gasholder;Biogas from gas storage holder by dehydration after, into dry method Desulfurizing tower, the gas after desulfurization enter film decarbonation appliance through overcompression, and the methane gas after decarburization purification reaches natural gas quality It is sent into CNG tank and is stored afterwards;Biogas slurry is inputted in grid and homogeneous pond by biogas slurry terminal by pipeline and is separated in biogas slurry Bulky grain pollutant, the water outlet of homogeneous pond are promoted by intake pump and filter the small particles of pollution in removal biogas slurry through bag filter After object, into me.mbrane bioreactor, me.mbrane bioreactor generates clear water progress after removing organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by biochemical process Reuse, denitrification pond, nitrification tank and ultrafiltration system pass through pipeline and connect sludge-tank, by denitrification pond, nitrification tank and ultrafiltration system The sludge that system generates is kept in by pipeline to sludge-tank, and the sludge-tank is connect by conveyer with dewaterer, is taken off After water dispenser is carried out dehydrating sludge, clear water is delivered in supernatant liquid pool, supernatant is by pipeline to grid and Matter pond is homogenized processing to biogas slurry.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, using damp and hot method for hydrolysis carry out liquid material heating hydrolyze, can low energy consumption, high production high added value waste oil, give up Oil extract rate is 90%, and is able to carry out high-temperature sterilization, reduces the influence of the opposite anaerobe of oil, improves anaerobic digestion system System operation stability.
2, carrying out post-processing to biogas slurry can be realized the high-value-use of biogas slurry, can carry out high magnification numbe film concentration, scene compounding Produce liquid fertilizer.
3, kitchen garbage is obtained into crude oil rouge, biogas, biogas residue and biogas slurry by a series of processing, biogas residue, biogas slurry can be made into Organic fertilizer, crude oil rouge prepare biodiesel after may be processed, not only substantially reduce filling out in original kitchen garbage processing Land used is buried, secondary environmental pollution is effectively prevented, also achieves the resource utilization of kitchen garbage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of restaurant garbage treating system proposed by the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is next combined with specific embodiments below that the present invention is further described.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of restaurant garbage treating system, the restaurant garbage treating system includes kitchen garbage digestive system and biogas slurry Processing system, the kitchen garbage digestive system include rubbish receiving hopper, bag-breaking machine, artificial separation platform, screw lifting conveying Machine, broken pulper, solid-liquid separating machine, hydrocyclone, damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot, Three-phase decanter centrifuge, homogeneous pond, anaerobic digestion Tank, spiral dewaterer, biogas slurry terminal, solid refuse collection device, biogas purifier, purification purifying plant, CNG tank and biogas Boiler;
The rubbish receiving hopper receives the kitchen garbage of kitchen garbage transport vehicle delivery and is transported to broken bag by screw conveyor In machine;
The bag-breaking machine is sent into artificial separation platform after carrying out broken bag processing to rubbish;
The artificial separation platform carries out artificial separation to kitchen garbage, and non-kitchen garbage therein is sorted out, spiral shell is passed through The solid refuse that kitchen garbage after sorting is sent to broken pulper, and screw elevating conveyor is generated by rotation elevating conveyor It send to the solid refuse collection device;
The broken pulper, which crush to solid waste, is made slurries, slurries is sent into solid-liquid separating machine, and will be described broken The solid refuse that broken pulper generates is sent to the solid refuse collection device;
The solid-liquid separating machine is separated by solid-liquid separation slurries, sub-elects grease and solid refuse, and grease feeding eddy flow is removed Sand device, and the solid refuse that the solid-liquid separating machine generates is sent to the solid refuse collection device;
The hydrocyclone is sent into damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot after carrying out desanding to liquid material, and the hydrocyclone is generated Solid refuse is sent to the solid refuse collection device;
The damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot hydrolyzes the heating of liquid material, so that being sent into three-phase decanter after the grease hydrolysis in liquid material Centrifuge;
The Three-phase decanter centrifuge carries out oily solid-liquid three phase separation to the liquid material after hydrolysis, sub-elect crude oil rouge, water and Solid material, and feed the water into homogeneous pond;
Anaerobic digestor is sent into after the flow, pH value and solid content of water are adjusted in the homogeneous pond;
The anaerobic digestor carries out Anaerobic Digestion to water, the slurry after generating biogas and fermentation, and by the slurry after fermentation Material is sent into spiral dewaterer, and biogas is sent into biogas purifier by pipeline;
The spiral dewaterer is carried out dehydrating the slurry after fermentation, generates biogas residue and biogas slurry, and biogas slurry is sent into biogas slurry transfer It stands and carries out subsequent processing, biogas residue is transported to landfill yard by transport vehicle and filled;
The biogas purifier is sent into purification purifying plant after purifying to biogas;
Feeding CNG tank stores after the purification purifying plant carries out purification purification to biogas;
The methane boiler burns the biogas in the biogas purifier of part, disappears for the damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot and the anaerobism Change tank heat supply.
Wherein, biogas slurry treatment system includes grid and homogeneous pond, bag filter, me.mbrane bioreactor, sludge-tank, dehydration Machine and supernatant liquid pool;
The grid and homogeneous pond carry out the bulky grain separated from contaminants in biogas slurry static subsequently into homogeneous pond;
The bag filter is sent into the biogas slurry processing for re-filtering after homogeneous after separating small particles of pollution object therein Me.mbrane bioreactor;
The me.mbrane bioreactor generates clear water progress reuse after removing organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by biochemical process
The denitrification pond, nitrification tank pass through pipeline with ultrafiltration system and connect sludge-tank, by denitrification pond, nitrification tank and ultrafiltration The sludge that system generates is kept in by pipeline to sludge-tank, and the sludge-tank is connect by conveyer with dewaterer, After dewaterer is carried out dehydrating sludge, clear water is delivered in supernatant liquid pool, supernatant by pipeline to grid and Homogeneous pond is homogenized processing to biogas slurry.
Wherein, me.mbrane bioreactor includes that a sequentially connected denitrification pond, two continuous nitrification tanks and one are super Filter system, the ultrafiltration system are connect by pipeline with denitrification pond, and sewage backflow not up to standard is sent to denitrification pond and is carried out Denitrification processing.
Wherein, damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot heating temperature is 90 DEG C.
Embodiment two
Another embodiment of the invention two can be used as the further improvement of embodiment one, and adjustment mixing in homogeneous pond is arranged To 8%, adjustment liquid is equipped with conical bottom and is precipitated silt slurries solid content using the supernatant after biogas slurry treatment, slurry storage device, Periodically by sand removing hole sediment outflow, slurry storage device is equipped with temperature raising and maintaining device, and slurry storage device internal temperature is 35-38 DEG C, liquid pH value control is 6.5-8.5, and temperature and pH value are controlled by on-Line Monitor Device, and slurries stop in slurry storage device Stay 1d.
Embodiment three
Another embodiment of the invention three can be used as the further improvement of embodiment one and embodiment two, and anaerobic digestion is arranged Using warm anaerobic fermentation in tank, heating temperature is 35 DEG C, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C:N) of material controls within the scope of 20:1-25:1;Anaerobism Digester is cylindrical fermentor, and bottom is plane, and tank body is concrete dense seal structure, and fermentor top is equipped with dross removal dress It sets, biogas cover is equipped at the top of fermentor, collect biogas and be transported to biogas treatment process, slurries are detested in fermentor residence time 21d Heat insulating device and temperature compensation means is arranged in oxygen digester can outer surface, and temperature compensation means institute's calorific requirement is by biogas pot Furnace provides.
The invention further particularly discloses a kind of Food waste treatment method, this method specifically: kitchen garbage transport vehicle into It after, weighs and records by electronic car platform scale first, referring to subsequently into fortune vehicle in independent closed splicing, is received Positioning, which is set, is discharged into interior rubbish in rubbish reception hopper;Kitchen garbage is transported in bag-breaking machine by screw conveyor and is carried out Broken bag is handled, and the kitchen garbage after broken bag is delivered to artificial separation platform by conveying device, by the non-kitchen garbage in rubbish Sort out, the kitchen garbage after sorting by screw elevating conveyor be delivered to broken pulper be crushed, sorted, Slurrying, the solid refuse sub-elected are transported to solid refuse collection device outside, and slurry enters solid-liquid separating machine and sieved, isolated Solid refuse outside be transported to solid refuse collection device;Remaining slurry, which enters in buffer tank, keeps in, using cyclone desanding device After desanding, after slurries are heated to 90 DEG C into damp and hot hydrolytic decomposition pot, by Three-phase decanter centrifuge, isolate crude oil rouge, water and consolidate Body material three-phase, water and solid material are transported to after homogeneous pond mixed, and are controlled and adjusted the slurries of mixing in homogeneous pond and contain Gu rate is to 8%, for adjustment liquid using the supernatant after biogas slurry treatment, the conical bottom that slurry storage device is equipped with precipitates silt, periodically logical Sand removing hole sediment outflow is crossed, slurry storage device is equipped with temperature raising and maintaining device, and slurry storage device internal temperature is 35-38 DEG C, liquid PH value control is 6.5-8.5, and temperature and pH value are by Online Monitoring Control, and slurries are after slurry storage device stops 1d, daily Anaerobic fermentation tank is sent into timing, in 35 DEG C of progresss intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentations, fermentation period 30 days, and using the lower side for feeding top discharge Formula, biogas residue, the biogas slurry of generation, is separated by solid-liquid separation through spiral dewaterer, and dehydration biogas residue is filled out after being transported to terminal; Biogas slurry enters biogas slurry terminal and is kept in, and biogas is sent into waterless gasholder;Biogas from gas storage holder by dehydration after, into dry method Desulfurizing tower, the gas after desulfurization enter film decarbonation appliance through overcompression, and the methane gas after decarburization purification reaches natural gas quality It is sent into CNG tank and is stored afterwards;Biogas slurry is inputted in grid and homogeneous pond by biogas slurry terminal by pipeline and is separated in biogas slurry Bulky grain pollutant, the water outlet of homogeneous pond are promoted by intake pump and filter the small particles of pollution in removal biogas slurry through bag filter After object, into me.mbrane bioreactor, me.mbrane bioreactor generates clear water progress after removing organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by biochemical process Reuse, denitrification pond, nitrification tank and ultrafiltration system pass through pipeline and connect sludge-tank, by denitrification pond, nitrification tank and ultrafiltration system The sludge that system generates is kept in by pipeline to sludge-tank, and the sludge-tank is connect by conveyer with dewaterer, is taken off After water dispenser is carried out dehydrating sludge, clear water is delivered in supernatant liquid pool, supernatant is by pipeline to grid and Matter pond is homogenized processing to biogas slurry.
The present invention is by carrying out a series of pre-treatments for kitchen garbage and Anaerobic Digestion obtains crude oil rouge, biogas, natural pond Slag and biogas slurry, biogas residue, biogas slurry can be made into organic fertilizer, and crude oil rouge prepares biodiesel, not only largely reduces after may be processed Landfill land used in original kitchen garbage processing, effectively prevents secondary environmental pollution, also achieves the resource of kitchen garbage Change and utilize, has applications well prospect.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种餐厨垃圾处理系统,其特征在于,所述餐厨垃圾处理系统包括餐厨垃圾消化系统和沼液处理系统,所述餐厨垃圾消化系统包括垃圾接料斗、破袋机、人工分选平台、螺旋提升输送机、破碎制浆机、固液分离机、旋流除砂器、湿热水解罐、三相卧螺离心机、均质池、厌氧消化罐、螺旋脱水机、沼液中转站、固体垃圾收集装置、沼气净化器、精制提纯装置、CNG罐和沼气锅炉;1. A food waste treatment system, characterized in that the food waste treatment system comprises a food waste digestion system and a biogas slurry treatment system, and the food waste digestion system comprises a waste hopper, a bag breaker, a manual Sorting platform, screw elevator conveyor, crushing and pulping machine, solid-liquid separator, cyclone desander, moist heat hydrolysis tank, three-phase decanter centrifuge, homogenizing tank, anaerobic digestion tank, screw dehydrator, biogas Liquid transfer station, solid waste collection device, biogas purifier, refining and purification device, CNG tank and biogas boiler; 所述垃圾接料斗接收餐厨垃圾运输车运载的餐厨垃圾并通过螺旋输送机输送到破袋机中;The garbage receiving hopper receives the kitchen garbage carried by the kitchen garbage truck and transports it to the bag breaker through the screw conveyor; 所述破袋机对垃圾进行破袋处理后送入人工分选平台;The bag breaking machine performs bag breaking treatment on the garbage and sends it to the manual sorting platform; 所述人工分选平台对餐厨垃圾进行人工分选,将其中的非餐厨垃圾分选出来,通过螺旋提升输送机将分选后的餐厨垃圾送至破碎制浆机,并将螺旋提升输送机产生的固体垃圾送至所述固体垃圾收集装置;The manual sorting platform manually sorts the kitchen waste, sorts out the non-food waste in it, sends the sorted kitchen waste to the crushing and pulping machine through the screw elevator conveyor, and lifts the screw The solid waste generated by the conveyor is sent to the solid waste collection device; 所述破碎制浆机对固态垃圾进行粉碎制成浆液,将浆液送入固液分离机,并将所述破碎制浆机产生的固体垃圾送至所述固体垃圾收集装置;The crushing and pulping machine pulverizes the solid waste to make slurry, and the slurry is sent to the solid-liquid separator, and the solid waste generated by the crushing and pulping machine is sent to the solid waste collection device; 所述固液分离机对浆液进行固液分离,分选出油水和固体垃圾,并将油水送入旋流除砂器,并将所述固液分离机产生的固体垃圾送至所述固体垃圾收集装置;The solid-liquid separator performs solid-liquid separation on the slurry, separates oil and water and solid waste, and sends the oil and water to the cyclone desander, and sends the solid waste generated by the solid-liquid separator to the solid waste. collection device; 所述旋流除砂器对液体物料进行除砂后送入湿热水解罐,并将所述旋流除砂器产生的固体垃圾送至所述固体垃圾收集装置;The cyclone desander desanders the liquid material and then sends it to the wet-heat hydrolysis tank, and sends the solid waste generated by the cyclone desander to the solid waste collection device; 所述湿热水解罐对液体物料的加热水解,使得液体物料中的油脂水解后送入三相卧螺离心机;The heating and hydrolysis of the liquid material by the wet-heat hydrolysis tank makes the oil in the liquid material hydrolyzed and then sent to the three-phase decanter centrifuge; 所述三相卧螺离心机对水解后的液体物料进行油固液三相分离,分选出粗油脂、水和固体物料,并将水送入均质池;The three-phase decanter centrifuge performs oil-solid-liquid three-phase separation on the hydrolyzed liquid material, sorts out crude oil, water and solid material, and sends the water into the homogenization tank; 所述均质池对水的流量、PH值和含固率进行调节后送入厌氧消化罐;The flow rate, pH value and solid content of the water are adjusted in the homogenizing tank and sent to the anaerobic digestion tank; 所述厌氧消化罐对水进行厌氧消化处理,产生沼气和发酵后的浆料,并将发酵后的浆料送入螺旋脱水机,将沼气通过管道送入沼气净化器;The anaerobic digestion tank performs anaerobic digestion treatment on water to generate biogas and fermented slurry, and sends the fermented slurry to a screw dehydrator, and sends the biogas to a biogas purifier through a pipeline; 所述螺旋脱水机对发酵后的浆料进行脱水处理,产生沼渣和沼液,沼液送入沼液中转站进行后续处理,沼渣通过运输车运输至填埋场进行填埋;The screw dehydrator dehydrates the fermented slurry to generate biogas residue and biogas slurry, the biogas slurry is sent to the biogas slurry transfer station for subsequent treatment, and the biogas residue is transported to the landfill by a transport vehicle for landfill; 所述沼气净化器对沼气进行净化后送入精制提纯装置;The biogas purifier purifies the biogas and sends it to the refining and purification device; 所述精制提纯装置对沼气进行精制提纯后送入CNG罐进行储存;The refining and purification device purifies and purifies the biogas and sends it to the CNG tank for storage; 所述沼气锅炉将部分沼气净化器中的沼气进行燃烧,为所述湿热水解罐和所述厌氧消化罐供热。The biogas boiler burns part of the biogas in the biogas purifier to supply heat for the moist heat hydrolysis tank and the anaerobic digestion tank. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种餐厨垃圾处理系统,其特征在于:所述沼液处理系统包括格栅及均质池、袋式过滤器、膜生化反应器、污泥池、脱水机和上清液池;2. A kitchen waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biogas slurry treatment system comprises a grid and a homogeneous tank, a bag filter, a membrane biochemical reactor, a sludge tank, a dewatering machine and supernatant pool; 所述格栅及均质池将沼液中的大颗粒污染物分离,然后进入均质池进行静止;The grille and the homogenizing tank separate the large particle pollutants in the biogas slurry, and then enter the homogenizing tank for static; 所述袋式过滤器对均质后的沼液进行再次过滤处理,分离其中的小颗粒污染物后送入膜生化反应器;The bag filter filters the homogenized biogas slurry again, separates the small particle pollutants therein and sends it to the membrane biochemical reactor; 所述膜生化反应器通过生化工艺去除有机物和氨氮后产生清水进行回用The membrane biochemical reactor removes organic matter and ammonia nitrogen through a biochemical process and generates clean water for reuse. 所述反硝化池、硝化池和超滤系统均通过管道连接污泥池,将反硝化池、硝化池和超滤系统产生的污泥通过管道输送至污泥池进行暂存,所述污泥池通过输送机与脱水机连接,脱水机对污泥进行脱水处理后,将清水输送至上清液池中,上清液通过管道输送至格栅及均质池对沼液进行均化处理。The denitrification tank, the nitrification tank and the ultrafiltration system are all connected to the sludge tank through pipelines, and the sludge produced by the denitrification tank, the nitrification tank and the ultrafiltration system is transported to the sludge tank through pipelines for temporary storage. The pond is connected with the dehydrator through the conveyor. After the dehydrator dehydrates the sludge, the clean water is transported to the supernatant tank, and the supernatant is transported to the grid and the homogenizing tank through the pipeline to homogenize the biogas slurry. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种餐厨垃圾处理系统,其特征在于:所述膜生化反应器包括依次连接的一个反硝化池、两个连续的硝化池和一个超滤系统,所述超滤系统通过管道与反硝化池连接,将不达标的污水回流送至反硝化池进行反硝化处理。3. A kitchen waste treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the membrane biochemical reactor comprises a denitrification tank, two continuous nitrification tanks and an ultrafiltration system connected in sequence, and the The ultrafiltration system is connected to the denitrification tank through a pipeline, and the sewage that does not meet the standard is returned to the denitrification tank for denitrification treatment. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种餐厨垃圾处理系统,其特征在于:所述湿热水解罐加热温度为90℃。4 . The food waste treatment system according to claim 3 , wherein the heating temperature of the moist heat hydrolysis tank is 90° C. 5 . 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种餐厨垃圾处理系统,其特征在于:所述均质池中调整混合的浆液含固率至8%,调整液体使用沼液处理后的上清液,浆液储存装置设有锥形底沉淀泥沙,定期通过排砂口排砂,浆液储存装置设有增温保温装置,浆液储存装置内部温度为35—38℃,液体pH值控制在6.5—8.5,温度和pH值通过在线监测装置控制,浆液在浆液储存装置停留1d。5. A kitchen waste treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the homogenizing tank, the solid content of the mixed slurry is adjusted to 8%, and the liquid is adjusted to use the supernatant after the biogas slurry treatment, The slurry storage device is equipped with a conical bottom sedimentation sediment, and the sand is regularly discharged through the sand discharge port. The slurry storage device is equipped with a temperature increase and insulation device. The internal temperature of the slurry storage device is 35-38 ℃, and the pH value of the liquid is controlled at 6.5-8.5. The temperature and pH value were controlled by the online monitoring device, and the slurry stayed in the slurry storage device for 1 d. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种餐厨垃圾处理系统,其特征在于:厌氧消化罐中采用温厌氧发酵,加热温度为35℃,物料的碳氮比(C:N)控制在20:1-25:1范围内;厌氧消化罐为圆柱形发酵罐,底部为平面,罐体为混凝土密封结构,发酵罐上部装有浮渣去除装置,发酵罐顶部设有沼气罩,收集沼气输送到沼气处理工序,浆液在发酵罐停留时间21d,厌氧消化罐罐体外表面设置保温隔热装置和温度补偿装置,温度补偿装置所需热量由沼气锅炉提供。6. A kitchen waste treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: thermoanaerobic fermentation is adopted in the anaerobic digestion tank, the heating temperature is 35°C, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C:N) of the material is controlled at Within the range of 20:1-25:1; the anaerobic digestion tank is a cylindrical fermentation tank, the bottom is flat, the tank body is a concrete sealing structure, the upper part of the fermentation tank is equipped with a scum removal device, and the The biogas is transported to the biogas treatment process. The slurry stays in the fermentation tank for 21 days. The outer surface of the anaerobic digestion tank is equipped with a thermal insulation device and a temperature compensation device. The heat required by the temperature compensation device is provided by the biogas boiler. 7.一种餐厨垃圾处理方法,其特征在于:餐厨垃圾运输车进场后,首先通过电子汽车磅秤称重并记录,然后进入独立可封闭的接料间内,收运车辆在指定位置将车内的垃圾卸入垃圾接收料斗内;餐厨垃圾通过螺旋输送机输送到破袋机中进行破袋处理,破袋后的餐厨垃圾通过输送装置输送至人工分选平台,将垃圾中的非餐厨垃圾分选出来,经过分选后的餐厨垃圾通过螺旋提升输送机输送至破碎制浆机进行破碎、分选、制浆,分选出的固体垃圾外运至固体垃圾收集装置,浆料进入固液分离机进行筛分,分离出的固体垃圾外运至固体垃圾收集装置;其余浆料进入缓存罐内暂存,再经过旋流除砂装置除砂后,浆液进入湿热水解罐加热到90℃后,通过三相卧螺离心机,分离出粗油脂、水和固体物料三相,水和固体物料输送到均质池进行混合后,并控制均质池中调整混合的浆液含固率至8%,调整液体使用沼液处理后的上清液,浆液储存装置设有锥形底沉淀泥沙,定期通过排砂口排砂,浆液储存装置设有增温保温装置,浆液储存装置内部温度为35—38℃,液体pH值控制在6.5—8.5,温度和pH值通过在线监测控制,浆液在浆液储存装置停留1d后,每天定时送入厌氧发酵罐,在35℃进行中温厌氧发酵,发酵周期30天,采用下进料上出料的方式,产生的沼渣、沼液,经螺旋脱水机进行固液分离,脱水沼渣运至中转站后进行填埋出来;沼液进入沼液中转站进行暂存,沼气送入干式储气柜;沼气从储气柜经过脱水后,进入干法脱硫塔,脱硫后的气体经过压缩进入膜脱碳设备,脱碳提纯后的甲烷气体达到天然气品质后送入CNG罐中进行存储;沼液通过管道由沼液中转站输入格栅及均质池中分离沼液中的大颗粒污染物,均质池出水通过进水泵提升并经袋式过滤器过滤去除沼液中的小颗粒污染物后,进入膜生化反应器,膜生化反应器通过生化工艺去除有机物和氨氮后产生清水进行回用,反硝化池、硝化池和超滤系统均通过管道连接污泥池,将反硝化池、硝化池和超滤系统产生的污泥通过管道输送至污泥池进行暂存,所述污泥池通过输送机与脱水机连接,脱水机对污泥进行脱水处理后,将清水输送至上清液池中,上清液通过管道输送至格栅及均质池对沼液进行均化处理。7. A method for treating food waste, characterized in that: after the food waste transport vehicle enters the field, it is first weighed and recorded by an electronic vehicle scale, and then enters an independent and sealable receiving room, and the receiving and transporting vehicle is at a designated position Unload the garbage in the car into the garbage receiving hopper; the kitchen garbage is transported to the bag breaking machine through the screw conveyor for bag breaking treatment, and the broken kitchen waste is transported to the manual sorting platform through the conveying device, and the garbage is separated into the bag. The non-food waste is sorted, and the sorted food waste is transported to the crushing and pulping machine through the screw elevator for crushing, sorting and pulping, and the sorted solid waste is transported to the solid waste collection device. , the slurry enters the solid-liquid separator for screening, and the separated solid waste is transported to the solid waste collection device; the rest of the slurry enters the buffer tank for temporary storage, and then passes through the cyclone sand removal device to remove the sand, and the slurry enters the moist heat hydrolysis After the tank is heated to 90 ℃, the three phases of crude oil, water and solid materials are separated by a three-phase decanter centrifuge. The solid content is adjusted to 8%, and the supernatant after the biogas slurry treatment is used to adjust the liquid. The slurry storage device is equipped with a conical bottom sedimentation sediment, and the sand is regularly discharged through the sand discharge port. The slurry storage device is equipped with a heating and heat preservation device. The internal temperature of the storage device is 35-38 °C, the pH value of the liquid is controlled at 6.5-8.5, and the temperature and pH value are controlled by online monitoring. After the slurry stays in the slurry storage device for 1 day, it is regularly sent to the anaerobic fermentation tank every day, and the process is carried out at 35 °C. Medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation, the fermentation cycle is 30 days, and the method of bottom feeding and top discharging is adopted. The produced biogas residue and biogas slurry are separated from solid and liquid by a screw dehydrator, and the dewatered biogas residue is transported to the transfer station for landfill; The biogas slurry enters the biogas slurry transfer station for temporary storage, and the biogas is sent to the dry gas storage tank; the biogas is dehydrated from the gas storage tank and then enters the dry desulfurization tower. The desulfurized gas is compressed into the membrane decarbonization equipment for decarbonization and purification. After the methane gas reaches the quality of natural gas, it is sent to the CNG tank for storage; the biogas slurry is input from the biogas slurry transfer station through the pipeline to the grid and the homogenizing tank to separate the large particle pollutants in the biogas slurry, and the effluent from the homogenizing tank passes through the inlet pump. After being lifted and filtered by a bag filter to remove the small particle pollutants in the biogas slurry, it enters the membrane biochemical reactor. The membrane biochemical reactor removes organic matter and ammonia nitrogen through the biochemical process and produces clean water for reuse. The ultrafiltration system is connected to the sludge tank through pipelines, and the sludge generated by the denitrification tank, nitrification tank and ultrafiltration system is transported to the sludge tank through pipelines for temporary storage, and the sludge tank is connected to the dehydrator through a conveyor. After the dewatering machine dehydrates the sludge, the clean water is transported to the supernatant tank, and the supernatant is transported to the grid and the homogenizing tank through the pipeline to homogenize the biogas slurry.
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CN110883049A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-03-17 苏州腾康环保科技有限公司 Comprehensive treatment method for kitchen waste
CN111014238A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-04-17 句容市浩源生态农业科技有限公司 Utilization method of livestock and poultry slaughtering waste
CN111056882A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-04-24 刘文治 Complete device for preparing water-soluble liquid fertilizer by household classification kitchen garbage
CN111370071A (en) * 2020-03-03 2020-07-03 重庆市环卫集团有限公司 Method for recycling anaerobic biogas slurry of kitchen waste
CN111370071B (en) * 2020-03-03 2023-03-28 重庆市环卫集团有限公司 Method for recycling anaerobic biogas slurry of kitchen waste
CN111365715A (en) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-03 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 Kitchen waste and food and beverage waste collaborative incineration treatment system and method
CN111365715B (en) * 2020-03-25 2023-02-17 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 Kitchen waste and food and beverage waste collaborative incineration treatment system and method
CN111992566A (en) * 2020-07-08 2020-11-27 东莞市东实新能源有限公司 Kitchen waste treatment method
CN111977826A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-24 江苏苏美达成套设备工程有限公司 Environment-friendly intelligent remote control device and method for advanced treatment of anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry
CN112517615A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-19 北京京城环保股份有限公司 Organic matter combined anaerobic pretreatment device and method
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Application publication date: 20190326