CN102247971A - Process for treating kitchen waste by mechanical sorting and two-phase anaerobic fermentation - Google Patents
Process for treating kitchen waste by mechanical sorting and two-phase anaerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for treating kitchen waste by mechanical sorting and two-phase anaerobic fermentation. The process for treating kitchen waste by mechanical sorting and two-phase anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps in sequence: a pre-sorting step, an anaerobic fermentation step, a hydrolysis and acidification step, a fermentation product treatment step and an oxidation compositing step. By the adoption of the process, the kitchen waste can be recycled safely and efficiently, environment-friendly treatment is realized, the hazard of kitchen leftovers can be eradicated from the origin, the problem of resource shortage in China can be relieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of refuse treatment engineering technical field, relate to a kind of processing method, especially relate to a kind of treatment process of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste changing food waste.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of China's constant development of economy and living standards of the people, the catering trade in each city has also entered the high speed development stage, but thing followed house refuse, changing food waste are seriously polluting urban environmental hygiene, bring great harm for the life health of numerous people.
Changing food waste is commonly called as " swill ", it is the residue after the meal of food and beverage enterprises such as hotel, dining room, dining room and family, mainly comprise rice and wheaten foods remnants, vegetables, vegetable oil, animal oil, meat bone class, fishbone etc., the animal and plant wet goods contains the organic substance of abundant biomass energy.Changing food waste is a kind of potential resource that is subjected to long-standing neglect, owing to utilize improper many social concerns that produced.With regard to quantity, the discharge capacity of big city such as Beijing, Shanghai every day all surpasses kiloton, and medium-sized city such as Ningbo, Chengdu also all has to surpass hundreds of tons every day.
At present, China's rapid economic development urban population increases rapidly, and the people's lives level improves constantly, and urban restaurant trade is become increasingly prosperous, and the generation of changing food waste is unprecedentedly increased.The National urban sales of the catering industry were 10,345 hundred million yuan in 2006, reached 12,352 hundred million yuan in 2010, every year on average with 17.9% speed increment.Do not comprise small-sized cities and towns, annual more than 2,000 ten thousand tons of the changing food wastes that produce in national big and medium-sized cities.
Compare with other domestic wastes, changing food waste water content height, content of organics height, fat content and salt content height, poisonous and harmful substance (as heavy metal etc.) content is few, but the speed that rots is fast, it is perishable rotten easily to grow bacterium, particularly high temperature season, causes a large amount of rapidly breedings of harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganism, mycotoxin.Therefore, if can not get dealing carefully with, will cause adverse effect to environment and health.
Existing changing food waste treatment technology mainly comprises both at home and abroad: physics fragmentation, high temperature aerobic composting, anaerobic fermentation, earthworm are handled, dry heat is handled.These technology all have application abroad, and have obtained certain effect.
American-European developed country is because the changing food waste generation is less, and its processing mode pours sewer based on the physics fragmentation, but this processing mode is also incompatible to the big national conditions of Chinese changing food waste generation, can increase the processing load of sewage treatment plant on the contrary.
Current, domestic changing food waste treatment technology mainly is to adopt/anaerobic organism fermentation or heat treated mode, and its product mainly contains two kinds of fertilizer and protein feed raw materials.But owing to contain rich nutrient substances in the changing food waste, more development trend is to be the protein feed raw material with its processing, so not only makes resource obtain utilizing, and more can effectively alleviate the situation of " people and animals strive grain ".But, most of technology just directly is processed into the protein feed raw material after with changing food waste letter sorting, preliminary treatment, dehydration, drying, and ignored the risk that changing food waste exists as feed, then may there be the problem of potential safety hazard in pathogenic microorganism wherein and animal derived materials if can not deal carefully with.In 20 end of the centurys, worldwide popular of livestock and poultry communicate illness such as rabid ox disease, itch makes people recognize that fully homology eats the seriousness of problem mutually.Therefore, now provide a kind of method of utilizing producing protein feed material by utilizing food wastes,, reduce homology phase eating habit danger to ensure meal kitchen class feed product quality.
Dining room rubbish mainly contains two kinds by the prior art that anaerobic fermentation obtains biogas at present:
The first obtains biogas from refuse landfill.The advantage of this method is that procurement cost is low, treats that the landfill yard landfill waste is abundant, and normally when being about to closing, direct cannulation goes into by the extraction of landfill waste depths to get final product.The shortcoming of the method is that anaerobic methane production efficient is poor, and atmosphere pollution.This is because landfill yard is in wide-open environment, in the rubbish can the rotten organic matter overwhelming majority be to become thoroughly decomposed at good oxygen condition (or half good oxygen condition), several years such as have only even make more than 10 years when before enough thick rubbish cover layer (generally about 10 meters) being arranged by the landfill waste top, could really make before to be in anaerobic state by landfill waste, but this moment in the rubbish can rotten organic matter seldom.But we can feel still that sometimes the category sludge gas amount is very big, and that only is because by the quantity of refuse of the landfill cause that is too big really.Though so scheme is cheap, the anaerobic methane production poor efficiency can not obtain high benefit.
It two is rubbish to be stored in the airtight container through anaerobic fermentation obtain biogas.The advantage of this method is to obtain biogas efficient height because in the rubbish can rotten organic matter be in substantially fully become thoroughly decomposed in the anaerobic environment stable.Weak point is that to expend cost too high, mainly expends: gentle circulation ventilation etc. is pulverized, forces to stir, added to refuse classification (organic waste is sorted out), organic waste.All these cost costs all are to become thoroughly decomposed as early as possible in order to quicken organic waste, shorten the anaerobic fermentation cycle, generally can be controlled in 30 days.The enough subsidies of anarchy although consequently the biogas benefit is fine, but still are not enough to offset cost, if will be difficult to keep on the go.Though so scheme anaerobic methane production efficient height, cost is too high, can not obtain high benefit.
Existing storing bulk material silo generally adopts steel construction or reinforced concrete structure, finishes in case build, and its warehouse height all is changeless.The warehouse material is except that satisfying the requirement of strength, adequate thickness also must be arranged to form the rigidity that whole silo body has resistance to deformation, so just can guarantee no matter buy securities with all one's capital or hole capital after selling all securities in the silo, whole silo body all is stable, we are referred to as " rigidity silo " this silo, and existing silo belongs to the rigidity silo substantially.
Because of the warehouse thickness of rigidity silo is to thicken with the silo capacity, so if build big capacity rigidity silo, cost can be very expensive.
The dining room discarded object has the characteristics of himself, when carrying out sanitary landfills, has problems such as floor space is big, secondary pollution, potential safety hazard; Burn minimizing degree maximum, initial investment and operating cost are higher, processing procedure may produce danger wastes such as bioxin, flying dust, are subjected to common people's degree of awareness to limit and supervise restriction, and burning disposal is still promoted difficulty; The compost treatment organic solid castoff exists then that heavy metal is difficult to separate, nitrogen loss is serious, energy consumption is big, shortcomings such as the high and difficult collection of odorous gas concentration.
Anaerobic fermentation is under anaerobic, and it is CH that organic matter is carried out decomposition and inversion
4And CO
2Process.Have following advantage: (1) floor space is little, the processing cycle short; (2) sweat can produce methane as clean energy source and high-quality humus fertilizer; (3) sweat is controlled easily, does not produce secondary pollution; (4) but complete closed handle, can not pollute surrounding enviroment.
More to anaerobic fermentation research at present, the fermentation of individual event anaerobic fermentation and diphasic anaerobic is arranged; Mesophilic digestion and hot fermentation; Wet type fermentation, dry type fermentation and half dry type fermentation.
Anaerobic fermentation in the past is often at single material, carbon-nitrogen ratio, moisture content, acid-base value etc. are in smaller scope, need the parameter of adjusting many, particularly the single fermentation material can produce feedback inhibition to methane backeria, has the ammonia nitrogen concentration height, has inhibitory action, fermentation load to hang down the characteristics such as solid holdup is low that reach to methanogen and hydrogenogen as manure fermentation; Changing food waste has that oil content is big, foreign matter is many, solid holdup is high, the characteristics of the easy acidifying of fermentation substrate; Domestic waste has that the content of organic matter is low, composition is big with the space-time fluctuation, the characteristics big to the anaerobic fermentation system impulsive force.Build treatment facility respectively at various discarded objects in addition, investment is big and be difficult to bring into play the scale effect.Particularly the inhibition factor of single material is obvious, and material adjusting difficulty is very big.
The dining room discarded object carries out anaerobic fermentation after the preliminary treatment, can solve that the fermentation materials homogenieity is poor, fermentation efficiency is low, the tunning inhibitory action, can enlarge simultaneously the biogas scale of producing, promote liquid natural pond, natural pond slag quality, focus on various organic solid castoffs, improve the level of resource, innoxious and minimizing.
Changing food waste is different from other discarded objects (house refuse, industrial refuse, TRADE REFUSE, agricultural wastes etc.), and its characteristics are: 1, moisture content height, about 72% (removal free water)-92% (containing free water); 2, complicated component, content of organics height, about 90% (dry weight); 3, fat content height; 4, contain anaerobic fermentation is had inhibiting salt; 5, because of not classification, contain 10% the impurity (being mainly chopsticks, plastics, paper, little metal, cutlery box, packing material etc.) of having an appointment, post-processed equipment (fermentation, dehydration, pipeline etc.) is had a negative impact.
Handle the main method of changing food waste at present, be that organic waste is handled through operations such as grease separation, preliminary sorting, Mechanical Crushing, hydraulic pulping, allotment slurry, anaerobic fermentations, make changing food waste degrade fully, finally decomposite biogas through anaerobic digestion, biogas after desulfurization is handled as using energy source; The natural pond slag is produced the high-quality fertilizer through control oxygen compost; Isolated grease can be used as regeneration raw material of industry oil and recycles.At the waste water reusable edible that processing procedure produces, final unnecessary waste water is through qualified discharge after the biochemical treatment; The foul smell that rubbish produces in the processing procedure is handled directly discharging of back up to standard through biofiltration.This processing method complex technical process, energy consumption is higher; The equipment that needs is many, and investment is high.
At present, the whereabouts of changing food waste mainly contains direction: the one, do not add processing and feed " swill pig " as raw material, by the food chain harm humans in virtually; The 2nd, from changing food waste, pulled out " waste oil " by some illegal retailers and be processed into " edible oil " and come into the market again, the grievous injury consumer health jeopardizes food security; The 3rd, directly discharge as rubbish, not only stop up the urban sewage pipeline, distribute rancid smell, and the severe contamination water source, environmental sanitation is caused enormous pressure.
Therefore, safely and efficiently changing food waste is carried out resource, harmless treatment, both can stop the harm of swill, can alleviate the china natural resources problem of shortage again from the source.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of treatment process of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste, overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, at domestic dining room component of refuse complicated situation, develop the treatment process of the present invention by the mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste of the treatment step of pre-sorting step, anaerobic fermentation step, hydrolysis acidification step, tunning, the mutual collaborative work of oxidation composting step.
The objective of the invention is treatment process by the sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste that designs a mechanism, the treatment process realization changing food waste of this mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste is handled by treatment step, the oxidation composting step of pre-sorting step, anaerobic fermentation step, hydrolysis acidification step, tunning successively, not only safely and efficiently changing food waste is carried out resource, and realized harmless treatment, both can stop the harm of swill from the source, can alleviate the china natural resources problem of shortage again.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The treatment process of a kind of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste of the present invention is characterized in that this treatment process comprises the steps:
(1) pre-sorting step: changing food waste is poured in the unidirectional transfer passage of broadband conveyer of dome-type blowpit, wherein, the broadband conveyer is provided with a flat board that is driven by motor belt, eccentric shaft; To oil wherein then, water, Gu rare mixed liquor of three-phase and rest materials flow into three solid-liquid separation tanks independently in parallel respectively, connect by pipeline between described three separate tanks independently in parallel, the bottom of described three separate tanks independently in parallel all is provided with water circulating pump, water circulating pump is by the pipeline circulating sewage extraction of separate tank separately, leftover materials move forward with conveyer belt, take off the material that is deposited on the conveyer belt flat by the homocline screening installation then, the polybag broken bag that material is housed, and the solid gob of blending in material sub-elected send in the litter-bin, send into through the material after the homocline sorting on the conveyer belt of ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer, material sub-elects the magnetic foreign material of blending in material in ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer and falls into the magnetic litter-bin, institute's excess material is sent on the screen cloth of oscillating separator, what volume was less in the vibration sorting material passes through the charging aperture that screen cloth falls into the low level horizontal conveyer, send into the hydraulic pulping device by the low level horizontal conveyer again, obtain diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate at the circle round discharging opening of pulping device of described waterpower, again with described diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united and are carried out predecomposition;
(2) anaerobic fermentation step: with above-mentioned through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united the diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate that carries out predecomposition and are passed through elephant trunk successively, and the organic matter mixer divided into of elephant trunk, the stock tank that mixer is divided into, four dedicated pumps establishing around the stock tank, four conveying pipelines that dedicated pump is established, enter in the oval anaerobic fermentation tower by the top of fermentation tower by conveying pipeline then and carry out anaerobic fermentation, and regulate the material that its ph value to 7.7～7.9 obtains anaerobic fermentations with alkali, wherein, fermentation condition is: 50 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, 3～5 days time of staying of fermentation;
(3) hydrolysis acidification step: with material hydrolysis acidification 1-2 days acquisition acidifying solutions under 20 ± 1 ℃ of conditions of the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (2), wherein, the hemicellulase that adds the 0.05%-0.1% of the gross mass of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose in the fermentation materials during hydrolysis acidification, then described acidifying solution is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation tower, anaerobic fermentation is 1 day under 45 ± 1 ℃ of higher temperature conditions, produces biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid;
(4) treatment step of tunning: biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid that the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (3) is produced pressurize by biogas dehydration equipment and biogas pressurized equipment successively, and described then biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid use as the energy after desulfurization is handled respectively; In the desulfurization processing procedure, add flocculant absorption attached suspension wherein, send into equipment for separating liquid from solid then and separate, obtain heavy phase solid material and light liquid mutually; Wherein, flocculant divides 3 addings, and each 3 minutes at interval, each addition was 0.5～0.6kg/ ton;
(5) oxidation composting step: filter through fine-structure mesh formula filter with light liquid mutually and obtain light phase liquid with obtaining the heavy phase solid material in above-mentioned (4), when the light phase liquid that obtains is added oval stills for air blowing, the volumn concentration of feeding through being preheated to 85 ℃ oxygen is the oxygen-enriched air of 43-45%, and to add concentration be 2-3wt% with gently mutually the weight ratio of liquid be 100: 3 P
2O
3Make it to mix with light liquid mutually, when light phase liquid volume reaches the 45-55% of oval stills for air blowing volume, stop charging, stop logical oxygen-enriched air when pressure reaches 0.1-0.2MPa in the still, begin to heat up, temperature rose to 235 ℃ from room temperature in 1 minute, pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3-5 divides kind, starch after obtaining degrading, carbohydrate, crude fibre, protein and fat are in order to utilizing.
As optimized technical scheme:
Fermentation condition in above-mentioned (2) is: 50 ℃ of temperature, 4 days time of staying of fermentation.
The volumn concentration of feeding in above-mentioned (5) through being preheated to 85 ℃ oxygen is 44% oxygen-enriched air.
Heat-insulation pressure keeping in above-mentioned (5) is 4 fens kinds.
This technology has been compared following advantage with prior art:
1. crude waste needn't sorting and pulverizing, can reduce operating cost significantly.
2. rubbish needn't carry out other manpower and mechanical intervention except that three solid-liquid separation tanks independently in parallel between the storage life, and operating cost is very low.
3. many various solid materials not of uniform size are arranged in the rubbish, and thoroughly becoming thoroughly decomposed needs the long period, build enough a plurality of large-scale silo structures decomposed period is fully prolonged, and it is many more to consume sewage than long decomposed period, realizes with dirty pollution treatment effect.
4. economic benefit height.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of treatment process of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste is characterized in that this treatment process comprises the steps:
(1) pre-sorting step: changing food waste is poured in the unidirectional transfer passage of broadband conveyer of dome-type blowpit, wherein, the broadband conveyer is provided with a flat board that is driven by motor belt, eccentric shaft; To oil wherein then, water, Gu rare mixed liquor of three-phase and rest materials flow into three solid-liquid separation tanks independently in parallel respectively, connect by pipeline between described three separate tanks independently in parallel, the bottom of described three separate tanks independently in parallel all is provided with water circulating pump, water circulating pump is by the pipeline circulating sewage extraction of separate tank separately, leftover materials move forward with conveyer belt, take off the material that is deposited on the conveyer belt flat by the homocline screening installation then, the polybag broken bag that material is housed, and the solid gob of blending in material sub-elected send in the litter-bin, send into through the material after the homocline sorting on the conveyer belt of ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer, material sub-elects the magnetic foreign material of blending in material in ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer and falls into the magnetic litter-bin, institute's excess material is sent on the screen cloth of oscillating separator, what volume was less in the vibration sorting material passes through the charging aperture that screen cloth falls into the low level horizontal conveyer, send into the hydraulic pulping device by the low level horizontal conveyer again, obtain diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate at the circle round discharging opening of pulping device of described waterpower, again with described diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united and are carried out predecomposition;
(2) anaerobic fermentation step: unite the diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate that carries out predecomposition through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field and pass through elephant trunk successively with above-mentioned, and the organic matter mixer divided into of elephant trunk, the stock tank that mixer is divided into, four dedicated pumps establishing around the stock tank, four conveying pipelines that dedicated pump is established, enter in the oval anaerobic fermentation tower by the top of fermentation tower by conveying pipeline then and carry out anaerobic fermentation, and regulate the material that its ph value to 7.7～7.9 obtains anaerobic fermentations with alkali, wherein, fermentation condition is: 50 ℃ of temperature, 4 days time of staying of fermentation;
(3) hydrolysis acidification step: with material hydrolysis acidification 1-2 days acquisition acidifying solutions under 20 ± 1 ℃ of conditions of the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (2), wherein, the hemicellulase that adds the 0.05%-0.1% of the gross mass of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose in the fermentation materials during hydrolysis acidification, then described acidifying solution is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation tower, anaerobic fermentation is 1 day under 45 ± 1 ℃ of higher temperature conditions, produces biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid;
(4) treatment step of tunning: biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid that the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (3) is produced pressurize by biogas dehydration equipment and biogas pressurized equipment successively, and described then biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid use as the energy after desulfurization is handled respectively; In the desulfurization processing procedure, add flocculant absorption attached suspension wherein, send into equipment for separating liquid from solid then and separate, obtain heavy phase solid material and light liquid mutually; Wherein, flocculant divides 3 addings, and each 3 minutes at interval, each addition was 0.5～0.6kg/ ton;
(5) oxidation composting step: filter through fine-structure mesh formula filter with light liquid mutually and obtain light phase liquid with obtaining the heavy phase solid material in above-mentioned (4), when the light phase liquid that obtains is added oval stills for air blowing, the volumn concentration of feeding through being preheated to 85 ℃ oxygen is the oxygen-enriched air of 43-45%, and to add concentration be 2-3wt% with gently mutually the weight ratio of liquid be 100: 3 P
2O
3Make it to mix with light liquid mutually, when light phase liquid volume reaches the 45-55% of oval stills for air blowing volume, stop charging, stop logical oxygen-enriched air when pressure reaches 0.1-0.2MPa in the still, begin to heat up, temperature rose to 235 ℃ from room temperature in 1 minute, pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3-5 divides kind, starch after obtaining degrading, carbohydrate, crude fibre, protein and fat are in order to utilizing.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of treatment process of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste is characterized in that this treatment process comprises the steps:
(1) pre-sorting step: changing food waste is poured in the unidirectional transfer passage of broadband conveyer of dome-type blowpit, wherein, the broadband conveyer is provided with a flat board that is driven by motor belt, eccentric shaft; To oil wherein then, water, Gu rare mixed liquor of three-phase and rest materials flow into three solid-liquid separation tanks independently in parallel respectively, connect by pipeline between described three separate tanks independently in parallel, the bottom of described three separate tanks independently in parallel all is provided with water circulating pump, water circulating pump is by the pipeline circulating sewage extraction of separate tank separately, leftover materials move forward with conveyer belt, take off the material that is deposited on the conveyer belt flat by the homocline screening installation then, the polybag broken bag that material is housed, and the solid gob of blending in material sub-elected send in the litter-bin, send into through the material after the homocline sorting on the conveyer belt of ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer, material sub-elects the magnetic foreign material of blending in material in ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer and falls into the magnetic litter-bin, institute's excess material is sent on the screen cloth of oscillating separator, what volume was less in the vibration sorting material passes through the charging aperture that screen cloth falls into the low level horizontal conveyer, send into the hydraulic pulping device by the low level horizontal conveyer again, obtain diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate at the circle round discharging opening of pulping device of described waterpower, again with described diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united and are carried out predecomposition;
(2) anaerobic fermentation step: with above-mentioned through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united the diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate that carries out predecomposition and are passed through elephant trunk successively, and the organic matter mixer divided into of elephant trunk, the stock tank that mixer is divided into, four dedicated pumps establishing around the stock tank, four conveying pipelines that dedicated pump is established, enter in the oval anaerobic fermentation tower by the top of fermentation tower by conveying pipeline then and carry out anaerobic fermentation, and regulate the material that its ph value to 7.7～7.9 obtains anaerobic fermentations with alkali, wherein, fermentation condition is: 50 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, 3～5 days time of staying of fermentation;
(3) hydrolysis acidification step: with material hydrolysis acidification 1-2 days acquisition acidifying solutions under 20 ± 1 ℃ of conditions of the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (2), wherein, the hemicellulase that adds the 0.05%-0.1% of the gross mass of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose in the fermentation materials during hydrolysis acidification, then described acidifying solution is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation tower, anaerobic fermentation is 1 day under 45 ± 1 ℃ of higher temperature conditions, produces biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid;
(4) treatment step of tunning: biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid that the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (3) is produced pressurize by biogas dehydration equipment and biogas pressurized equipment successively, and described then biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid use as the energy after desulfurization is handled respectively; In the desulfurization processing procedure, add flocculant absorption attached suspension wherein, send into equipment for separating liquid from solid then and separate, obtain heavy phase solid material and light liquid mutually; Wherein, flocculant divides 3 addings, and each 3 minutes at interval, each addition was 0.5～0.6kg/ ton;
(5) oxidation composting step: filter through fine-structure mesh formula filter with light liquid mutually and obtain light phase liquid with obtaining the heavy phase solid material in above-mentioned (4), when the light phase liquid that obtains is added oval stills for air blowing, the volumn concentration of feeding through being preheated to 85 ℃ oxygen is 44% oxygen-enriched air, and to add concentration be 2-3wt% with gently mutually the weight ratio of liquid be 100: 3 P
2O
3Make it to mix with light liquid mutually, when light phase liquid volume reaches the 45-55% of oval stills for air blowing volume, stop charging, stop logical oxygen-enriched air when pressure reaches 0.1-0.2MPa in the still, begin to heat up, temperature rose to 235 ℃ from room temperature in 1 minute, pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3-5 divides kind, starch after obtaining degrading, carbohydrate, crude fibre, protein and fat are in order to utilizing.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of treatment process of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste is characterized in that this treatment process comprises the steps:
(1) pre-sorting step: changing food waste is poured in the unidirectional transfer passage of broadband conveyer of dome-type blowpit, wherein, the broadband conveyer is provided with a flat board that is driven by motor belt, eccentric shaft; To oil wherein then, water, Gu rare mixed liquor of three-phase and rest materials flow into three solid-liquid separation tanks independently in parallel respectively, connect by pipeline between described three separate tanks independently in parallel, the bottom of described three separate tanks independently in parallel all is provided with water circulating pump, water circulating pump is by the pipeline circulating sewage extraction of separate tank separately, leftover materials move forward with conveyer belt, take off the material that is deposited on the conveyer belt flat by the homocline screening installation then, the polybag broken bag that material is housed, and the solid gob of blending in material sub-elected send in the litter-bin, send into through the material after the homocline sorting on the conveyer belt of ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer, material sub-elects the magnetic foreign material of blending in material in ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer and falls into the magnetic litter-bin, institute's excess material is sent on the screen cloth of oscillating separator, what volume was less in the vibration sorting material passes through the charging aperture that screen cloth falls into the low level horizontal conveyer, send into the hydraulic pulping device by the low level horizontal conveyer again, obtain diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate at the circle round discharging opening of pulping device of described waterpower, again with described diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united and are carried out predecomposition;
(2) anaerobic fermentation step: with above-mentioned through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united the diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate that carries out predecomposition and are passed through elephant trunk successively, and the organic matter mixer divided into of elephant trunk, the stock tank that mixer is divided into, four dedicated pumps establishing around the stock tank, four conveying pipelines that dedicated pump is established, enter in the oval anaerobic fermentation tower by the top of fermentation tower by conveying pipeline then and carry out anaerobic fermentation, and regulate the material that its ph value to 7.7～7.9 obtains anaerobic fermentations with alkali, wherein, fermentation condition is: 50 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, 3～5 days time of staying of fermentation;
(3) hydrolysis acidification step: with material hydrolysis acidification 1-2 days acquisition acidifying solutions under 20 ± 1 ℃ of conditions of the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (2), wherein, the hemicellulase that adds the 0.05%-0.1% of the gross mass of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose in the fermentation materials during hydrolysis acidification, then described acidifying solution is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation tower, anaerobic fermentation is 1 day under 45 ± 1 ℃ of higher temperature conditions, produces biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid;
(4) treatment step of tunning: biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid that the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (3) is produced pressurize by biogas dehydration equipment and biogas pressurized equipment successively, and described then biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid use as the energy after desulfurization is handled respectively; In the desulfurization processing procedure, add flocculant absorption attached suspension wherein, send into equipment for separating liquid from solid then and separate, obtain heavy phase solid material and light liquid mutually; Wherein, flocculant divides 3 addings, and each 3 minutes at interval, each addition was 0.5～0.6kg/ ton;
(5) oxidation composting step: filter through fine-structure mesh formula filter with light liquid mutually and obtain light phase liquid with obtaining the heavy phase solid material in above-mentioned (4), when the light phase liquid that obtains is added oval stills for air blowing, the volumn concentration of feeding through being preheated to 85 ℃ oxygen is the oxygen-enriched air of 43-45%, and to add concentration be 2-3wt% with gently mutually the weight ratio of liquid be 100: 3 P
2O
3Make it to mix with light liquid mutually, when light phase liquid volume reaches the 45-55% of oval stills for air blowing volume, stop charging, stop logical oxygen-enriched air when pressure reaches 0.1-0.2MPa in the still, begin to heat up, temperature rose to 235 ℃ from room temperature in 1 minute, pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping is 4 fens kinds, starch after obtaining degrading, carbohydrate, crude fibre, protein and fat are in order to utilizing.
Claims (1)
1. the treatment process of a mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste is characterized in that, this treatment process comprises the steps:
(1) pre-sorting step: changing food waste is poured in the unidirectional transfer passage of broadband conveyer of dome-type blowpit, wherein, the broadband conveyer is provided with a flat board that is driven by motor belt, eccentric shaft; To oil wherein then, water, Gu rare mixed liquor of three-phase and rest materials flow into three solid-liquid separation tanks independently in parallel respectively, connect by pipeline between described three separate tanks independently in parallel, the bottom of described three separate tanks independently in parallel all is provided with water circulating pump, water circulating pump is by the pipeline circulating sewage extraction of separate tank separately, leftover materials move forward with conveyer belt, take off the material that is deposited on the conveyer belt flat by the homocline screening installation then, the polybag broken bag that material is housed, and the solid gob of blending in material sub-elected send in the litter-bin, send into through the material after the homocline sorting on the conveyer belt of ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer, material sub-elects the magnetic foreign material of blending in material in ferromagnetism magnetic separation conveyer and falls into the magnetic litter-bin, institute's excess material is sent on the screen cloth of oscillating separator, what volume was less in the vibration sorting material passes through the charging aperture that screen cloth falls into the low level horizontal conveyer, send into the hydraulic pulping device by the low level horizontal conveyer again, obtain diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate at the circle round discharging opening of pulping device of described waterpower, again with described diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united and are carried out predecomposition;
(2) anaerobic fermentation step: with above-mentioned through high frequency waves, electronics and high high-intensity magnetic field are united the diphasic anaerobic changing food waste percolate that carries out predecomposition and are passed through elephant trunk successively, and the organic matter mixer divided into of elephant trunk, the stock tank that mixer is divided into, four dedicated pumps establishing around the stock tank, four conveying pipelines that dedicated pump is established, enter in the oval anaerobic fermentation tower by the top of fermentation tower by conveying pipeline then and carry out anaerobic fermentation, and regulate the material that its ph value to 7.7～7.9 obtains anaerobic fermentations with alkali, wherein, fermentation condition is: 50 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, 3～5 days time of staying of fermentation;
(3) hydrolysis acidification step: with material hydrolysis acidification 1-2 days acquisition acidifying solutions under 20 ± 1 ℃ of conditions of the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (2), wherein, the hemicellulase that adds the 0.05%-0.1% of the gross mass of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose in the fermentation materials during hydrolysis acidification, then described acidifying solution is pumped into the anaerobic fermentation tower, anaerobic fermentation is 1 day under 45 ± 1 ℃ of higher temperature conditions, produces biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid;
(4) treatment step of tunning: biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid that the anaerobic fermentation in above-mentioned (3) is produced pressurize by biogas dehydration equipment and biogas pressurized equipment successively, and described then biogas, natural pond slag and natural pond liquid use as the energy after desulfurization is handled respectively; In the desulfurization processing procedure, add flocculant absorption attached suspension wherein, send into equipment for separating liquid from solid then and separate, obtain heavy phase solid material and light liquid mutually; Wherein, flocculant divides 3 addings, and each 3 minutes at interval, each addition was 0.5～0.6kg/ ton;
(5) oxidation composting step: filter through fine-structure mesh formula filter with light liquid mutually and obtain light phase liquid with obtaining the heavy phase solid material in above-mentioned (4), when the light phase liquid that obtains is added oval stills for air blowing, the volumn concentration of feeding through being preheated to 85 ℃ oxygen is the oxygen-enriched air of 43-45%, and to add concentration be 2-3wt% with gently mutually the weight ratio of liquid be 100: 3 P
2O
3Make it to mix with light liquid mutually, when light phase liquid volume reaches the 45-55% of oval stills for air blowing volume, stop charging, stop logical oxygen-enriched air when pressure reaches 0.1-0.2MPa in the still, begin to heat up, temperature rose to 235 ℃ from room temperature in 1 minute, pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0MPa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 3-5 divides kind, starch after obtaining degrading, carbohydrate, crude fibre, protein and fat are in order to utilizing.
The treatment process of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fermentation condition in above-mentioned (2) is: 50 ℃ of temperature, 4 days time of staying of fermentation.
The treatment process of mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the volumn concentration of the feeding in above-mentioned (5) through being preheated to 85 ℃ oxygen is 44% oxygen-enriched air.
Treatment process according to the arbitrary described mechanical sorting diphasic anaerobic changing food waste of claim 1-3 is characterized in that: the heat-insulation pressure keeping in above-mentioned (5) is 4 fens kinds.
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| CN103286117A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-11 | 沈炳国 | Treatment method of kitchen garbage |
| CN104148357A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-11-19 | 浙江海亮固废处理科技有限公司 | Method and device for treating organic solid waste |
| CN105503335A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-20 | 东莞市环境科学研究所 | Method and device for producing high organic carbon fertilizer through kitchen waste |
| CN105880264A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-24 | 深圳市朗坤环保股份有限公司 | RDF system and method for household refuse squeezing property-classified treatment and resource utilization |
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