CN114409188A - Anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method using kitchen waste hydrolysate as carbon source - Google Patents

Anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method using kitchen waste hydrolysate as carbon source Download PDF

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CN114409188A
CN114409188A CN202210048114.8A CN202210048114A CN114409188A CN 114409188 A CN114409188 A CN 114409188A CN 202210048114 A CN202210048114 A CN 202210048114A CN 114409188 A CN114409188 A CN 114409188A
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anaerobic fermentation
kitchen waste
carbon source
biogas slurry
tank
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孟庆杰
韩双
张小寒
刘晓
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Shenzhen Shenshui Water Resources Consulting Co ltd
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Shenzhen Shenshui Water Resources Consulting Co ltd
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    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007Processes including a sedimentation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F3/302Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C02F3/307Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by direct conversion of nitrite to molecular nitrogen, e.g. by using the Anammox process

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Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source, which comprises the following steps: sorting, crushing and pulping the kitchen waste; step (2) deslagging; step (3) desanding and deoiling; step (4), hydrolyzing and acidifying; step (5), anaerobic fermentation; step (6), oil removal and sand removal; nitration in the step (7); step (8), short-range denitrification; step (9) anammox; and (10) a denitrification filter. The invention firstly proposes the idea of efficiently treating the anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry by using the kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source through the denitrification process of short-range denitrification coupled anaerobic ammonia oxidation, can realize the efficient denitrification of the kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry without adding an external carbon source, can realize the purpose of 'making waste with waste', and has good economic benefit and social benefit.

Description

Anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method using kitchen waste hydrolysate as carbon source
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and relates to a kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method.
Background
The wet anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste generally goes through two stages: a hydrolysis acidification stage and a methanogenesis stage. The kitchen waste hydrolysate is a product in a hydrolysis acidification stage, the organic carbon content is up to tens of thousands of milligrams per liter, and the ammonia nitrogen content is also up to one or two thousand milligrams per liter. The biogas slurry is a product obtained by converting organic carbon in the kitchen waste hydrolysate into methane through a methane production stage, wherein the content of the organic carbon is greatly reduced, and the content of ammonia nitrogen is still kept at high concentration. This makes the biogas slurry generated by the wet anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste difficult to treat. Besides, the biogas slurry has complex components, high suspended matter content and high salinity, and the treatment of the biogas slurry is also adversely affected. The total nitrogen removal is often the difficult point and the key point of standard discharge of biogas slurry treatment. In the process of removing total nitrogen by denitrification, organic carbon contained in the biogas slurry is utilized as much as possible, and glucose or sodium acetate is added as a carbon source if necessary. The paradox that the biogas slurry is produced after the methane is produced by the organic carbon and the organic carbon needs to be added during the biogas slurry treatment is formed, so that the anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry generally faces the problems of high treatment difficulty, long treatment process and high treatment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides an anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source. The method can achieve the effect of deep denitrification without adding additional carbon sources, and the effluent can stably reach the discharge standard of the pollution control standard of the municipal solid waste landfill (GB 16889-2008).
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source comprises the following steps:
sorting, crushing and pulping the kitchen waste:
primarily sorting the collected kitchen waste, sorting out metals, plastics, large objects and the like, recycling or harmlessly treating, and crushing the soft waste to 8-10 mm particle size to prepare waste slurry;
step (2) deslagging:
heating the garbage slurry, performing solid-liquid separation, allowing an organic matter liquid phase to enter the next process, and transporting solid residues out for harmless treatment;
removing sand and oil:
the organic matter liquid phase enters a sand setting device to remove heavy inorganic components in the liquid phase, solid sand is transported out for harmless treatment, the liquid phase is sent to an oil-water separation system, a demulsifier, a coagulant and a flocculant are added to recycle the separated grease, and the separated liquid phase enters the next procedure;
step (4), hydrolysis acidification:
the liquid phase is sent into a hydrolysis tank for hydrolysis acidification, organic matters are converted into Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA), one part of hydrolysis acidification liquid enters an anaerobic fermentation tank, and the other part of hydrolysis acidification liquid enters a short-distance denitrification tank;
step (5), anaerobic fermentation:
the hydrolysis acidification liquid is subjected to heat exchange through a water heat exchanger to reach the fermentation temperature, the pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.5, then the hydrolysis acidification liquid is sent into an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, the generated biogas residues are transported outside for harmless treatment, and the biogas slurry enters the next procedure;
step (6) deoiling and desanding:
the biogas slurry is sent into an air flotation and sedimentation integrated machine, a demulsifier and a flocculating agent are added to further separate grease and remove heavy sand and phosphorus-containing substances, the grease generated by separation is recycled, the generated sand is transported out for harmless treatment, and the generated sewage enters the next process;
and (7) nitration:
feeding the sewage into an aerobic tank for aeration, controlling dissolved oxygen to be 2-3 mg/L, and converting most of ammonia nitrogen in the sewage into nitrate nitrogen;
step (8) short-range denitrification:
adjusting the pH value of the effluent of the aerobic tank to 7.5-8.0, then sending the effluent into a short-range denitrification tank, loading fillers in the tank to enrich short-range denitrification flora, taking nitrate nitrogen in the effluent of the aerobic tank as an electron acceptor, taking organic carbon in a hydrolysis acidification liquid as an electron donor, reducing the nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen, and controlling the C/N ratio to be 2.5-3;
step (9) anammox:
feeding the effluent of the short-range denitrification tank into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, loading fillers in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank to enrich anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, and taking nitrite nitrogen, residual ammonia nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen brought by hydrolysate in the effluent of the short-range denitrification tank as substrates to finish synchronous denitrification under the action of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria;
step (10), denitrification filter:
and (3) sending the effluent of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank into a denitrification filter, reducing nitrate nitrogen generated by anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction into nitrogen by taking organic matters remained in the effluent as a carbon source, and removing the nitrogen to ensure that the TN of the effluent is less than 40mg/L, thereby realizing standard discharge.
In the method, kitchen waste is subjected to a two-phase anaerobic digestion stage, the first stage is an acidification stage and is used for converting organic matters into Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA), methanogenic bacteria are converted into methane by using the VFA in the second stage, partial organic matters can be converted into methane by the two-stage reaction, the biogas slurry after the reaction is high ammonia nitrogen wastewater taking ammonia nitrogen as a main component, the wastewater is subjected to aerobic nitrification, partial nitrogen exists in the form of nitrate nitrogen, the nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrite nitrogen by short-range denitrification, and the nitrite nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen are converted into nitrogen under the action of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria. After the methane production stage, the organic carbon in the biogas slurry is almost completely consumed, while the short-range denitrification requires a carbon source as an electron donor, and in the short-range denitrification process, part of the kitchen waste hydrolysate does not pass through the methane production process and directly exceeds the short-range denitrification stage, wherein the organic carbon is used as the carbon source to participate in the short-range denitrification to generate nitrite nitrogen; and (3) taking ammonia nitrogen brought by nitrite nitrogen and hydrolysate and residual ammonia nitrogen of biogas slurry as substrates, and then completing synchronous removal through anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention firstly proposes the idea of efficiently treating the anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry by using the kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source through the denitrification process of short-range denitrification coupled anaerobic ammonia oxidation, can realize the efficient denitrification of the kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry without adding an external carbon source, can realize the purpose of 'making waste with waste', and has good economic benefit and social benefit.
(2) The proper pH (about 7.5-9.0) is the key to maintaining stable anammox reaction. In the invention, the short-cut denitrification coupled with the front end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is an alkali-producing reaction, so that the stable existence of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction can be realized without adjusting the pH value in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation stage.
(3) The invention can be used for treating anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry of kitchen waste and other high-concentration ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen wastewater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment by using kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source, which comprises the following steps of:
sorting, crushing and pulping the kitchen waste:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out primary sorting on the collected and transported kitchen waste, sorting out metal, plastic, large objects and the like, recycling or harmlessly treating, and crushing other soft waste to 8-10 mm particle size to prepare waste slurry.
Step (2) deslagging:
and (2) heating the garbage slurry obtained in the step (1), performing solid-liquid separation, separating available organic matters from the garbage slurry, entering the next procedure, and transporting solid residues out for harmless disposal.
Removing sand and oil:
and (3) enabling the organic matter liquid phase separated in the step (2) to enter a sand setting device to remove heavy inorganic components in the liquid phase, and transporting solid sand outside for harmless disposal. Then sending the mixture into an oil-water separation system, adding a demulsifier, a coagulant and a flocculant, recycling the separated grease, and sending the separated liquid phase into the next procedure.
In this step, the demulsifier is ferric trichloride, the coagulant is PAC, and the flocculant is PAM, wherein: the addition amount of ferric trichloride is 1-2 g/L of wastewater, the addition amount of PAC is 0.8-1.5 g/L of wastewater, and the addition amount of PAM is 10-50 mg/L.
Step (4), hydrolysis acidification:
and (4) sending the liquid phase separated in the step (3) into a hydrolysis tank for hydrolysis acidification, and converting the organic matters into volatile fatty acid, namely VFA. Wherein, one part of the hydrolysis acidification liquid enters the anaerobic fermentation device, and the other part of the hydrolysis acidification liquid provides a carbon source for short-cut denitrification beyond the anaerobic fermentation stage.
In the step, the specific distribution ratio of the hydrolysis acidification liquid is determined according to the water quality condition, and generally, the volume ratio of the hydrolysis acidification liquid as a carbon source is 5-20%.
Step (5), anaerobic fermentation:
and (3) exchanging heat of a part of the hydrolyzed and acidified materials in the step (4) to a proper fermentation temperature through a water heat exchanger, adjusting the pH to 6.5-7.5 by using sodium hydroxide, and then sending the materials into an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to produce methane. The generated biogas residues are transported outside for harmless disposal, and the biogas slurry enters the next procedure.
In the step, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 20-60 ℃.
Step (6) deoiling and desanding:
and (3) feeding the biogas slurry after anaerobic fermentation into an air flotation and precipitation integrated machine, and adding a demulsifier and a flocculating agent to further separate grease and remove heavy sandy substances and phosphorus-containing substances. The grease produced by separation is recycled, the produced sand is transported outside for harmless treatment, and the produced sewage enters the next procedure.
In this step, the demulsifier is ferric trichloride, and the flocculant is PAM, wherein: the addition amount of ferric trichloride is 1-2 g/L of wastewater, and the addition amount of PAM is 10-50 mg/L.
And (7) nitration:
and (4) feeding the sewage generated in the step (6) into an aerobic tank for aeration, controlling the dissolved oxygen to be about 2-3 mg/L, and converting most of ammonia nitrogen in the sewage into nitrate nitrogen.
Step (8) short-range denitrification:
and (4) adjusting the pH of the effluent obtained in the step (7) to about 7.5-8.0 by using sodium hydroxide, sending the effluent into a short-range denitrification pool, and loading a filler in the pool to enrich short-range denitrification flora. And (3) reducing the nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen by taking the nitrate nitrogen in the effluent as an electron acceptor and taking organic carbon in the kitchen waste hydrolytic acidification liquid beyond the anaerobic fermentation stage as an electron donor.
In the step, the filler is preferably a suspension ball filler (containing a polyurethane sponge filler), so that a biological film is formed, microorganisms are enriched, and the filling rate of the filler is 20-30%.
In the step, in order to control the denitrification process in the denitrification stage, the C/N ratio is controlled to be about 2.5-3 by adjusting the proportion of the kitchen waste hydrolysis acidification liquid exceeding the anaerobic fermentation stage.
Step (9) anammox:
and (3) feeding the effluent of the short-cut denitrification into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, and loading a filler in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank to enrich anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria. And performing synchronous denitrification under the action of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria by taking nitrite nitrogen, residual ammonia nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen brought by hydrolysate in the effluent as substrates to remove pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and the like in the wastewater. The process does not require pH adjustment.
In the step, the filler is preferably a suspension ball filler (containing a polyurethane sponge filler), so that a biological film is formed, microorganisms are enriched, and the filling rate of the filler is 20-30%.
Step (10), denitrification filter:
and (3) feeding the anaerobic ammoxidation effluent into a denitrification filter, reducing nitrate nitrogen generated by the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction into nitrogen by using organic matters remained in the effluent as a carbon source, and removing the nitrogen to ensure that the TN of the effluent is less than 40mg/L, thereby realizing standard discharge.

Claims (10)

1. An anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sorting, crushing and pulping the kitchen waste:
primarily sorting the collected kitchen waste, sorting out metals, plastics and large objects, recycling or harmlessly treating, and crushing the soft waste to 8-10 mm particle size to prepare waste slurry;
step (2) deslagging:
heating the garbage slurry, performing solid-liquid separation, allowing an organic matter liquid phase to enter the next process, and transporting solid residues out for harmless treatment;
removing sand and oil:
the organic matter liquid phase enters a sand setting device to remove heavy inorganic components in the liquid phase, solid sand is transported out for harmless treatment, the liquid phase is sent to an oil-water separation system, a demulsifier, a coagulant and a flocculant are added to recycle the separated grease, and the separated liquid phase enters the next procedure;
step (4), hydrolysis acidification:
the liquid phase is sent into a hydrolysis tank for hydrolysis acidification, organic matters are converted into volatile fatty acid, one part of hydrolysis acidification liquid enters an anaerobic fermentation tank, and the other part of hydrolysis acidification liquid enters a short-range denitrification tank;
step (5), anaerobic fermentation:
the hydrolysis acidification liquid is subjected to heat exchange through a water heat exchanger to reach the fermentation temperature, the pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.5, then the hydrolysis acidification liquid is sent into an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, the generated biogas residues are transported outside for harmless treatment, and the biogas slurry enters the next procedure;
step (6) deoiling and desanding:
the biogas slurry is sent into an air flotation and sedimentation integrated machine, a demulsifier and a flocculating agent are added to further separate grease and remove heavy sand and phosphorus-containing substances, the grease generated by separation is recycled, the generated sand is transported out for harmless treatment, and the generated sewage enters the next process;
and (7) nitration:
feeding the sewage into an aerobic tank for aeration, and converting most of ammonia nitrogen in the sewage into nitrate nitrogen;
step (8) short-range denitrification:
adjusting the pH value of the effluent of the aerobic tank to 7.5-8.0, and then sending the effluent into a short-range denitrification tank, loading fillers in the tank to enrich short-range denitrification flora, taking nitrate nitrogen in the effluent of the aerobic tank as an electron acceptor, taking organic carbon in a hydrolytic acidification liquid as an electron donor, and reducing the nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen;
step (9) anammox:
feeding the effluent of the short-range denitrification tank into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, loading fillers in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank to enrich anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, and taking nitrite nitrogen, residual ammonia nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen brought by hydrolysate in the effluent of the short-range denitrification tank as substrates to finish synchronous denitrification under the action of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria;
step (10), denitrification filter:
and (3) sending the effluent of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank into a denitrification filter, reducing nitrate nitrogen generated by anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction into nitrogen by taking organic matters remained in the effluent as a carbon source, and removing the nitrogen to ensure that the TN of the effluent is less than 40mg/L, thereby realizing standard discharge.
2. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method with the kitchen waste hydrolysate as the carbon source according to claim 1, wherein the demulsifier is ferric trichloride, and the addition amount of the ferric trichloride is 1-2 g/L of wastewater.
3. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source according to claim 1, characterized in that the coagulant is PAC, and the addition amount of PAC is 0.8-1.5 g/L of wastewater.
4. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method with the kitchen waste hydrolysate as the carbon source according to claim 1, wherein the flocculant is PAM, and the addition amount of PAM is 10-50 mg/L.
5. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the hydrolytic acidification liquid as the carbon source is 5-20%.
6. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source according to claim 1, characterized in that the fermentation temperature is controlled at 20-60 ℃.
7. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source according to claim 1, characterized in that in the nitration process, dissolved oxygen is controlled at 2-3 mg/L.
8. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method taking kitchen waste hydrolysate as a carbon source according to claim 1, characterized in that the C/N ratio is controlled to be 2.5-3 in the short-range denitrification process.
9. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method using the kitchen waste hydrolysate as the carbon source according to claim 1, characterized in that the filler is a suspension ball filler.
10. The anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry treatment method with the kitchen waste hydrolysate as the carbon source according to claim 1 or 9, wherein the filling rate of the filler is 20-30%.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN116251826A (en) * 2023-03-07 2023-06-13 中工环境科技有限公司 Kitchen waste treatment system and variable working condition adjusting method of waste treatment system

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Application publication date: 20220429