CN111051478B

CN111051478B - Fuel processing device and fuel processing method based on fermentation drying of processing object

Info

Publication number: CN111051478B
Application number: CN201880052014.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 下濑真一
Original assignee: Shimase Institute Of Microbiology Ltd
Current assignee: Shimase Institute Of Microbiology Ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-31
Filing date: 2018-08-30
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-30
Also published as: JP2019044040A; WO2019044996A1; JP6763575B2; CN111051478A; PH12020500383A1

Abstract

The garbage and the like are fermented and dried by microorganisms while being heated under reduced pressure using the fermentation and drying apparatus 3, and a fuel is produced from the dried product obtained thereby, and the deviation of the thermal energy of the fuel is suppressed, so that the fuel can be easily used. The disclosed device is provided with: a fermentation drying apparatus 3 in which waste (object to be treated) containing organic waste is stored in a tank 30 (closed container), stirred while heated to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and organic matter is fermented by microorganisms to obtain a dried product having a reduced volume; a vibrating screen machine 4 (classifying device) that classifies the dried material obtained in the above manner into a relatively large-sized material and a relatively small-sized material; and a storage device 6 for temporarily storing the large particles and the small particles.

Description

Fuel processing device and fuel processing method based on fermentation drying of processing object

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a fuel apparatus and a method thereof for fermentation and drying of a treatment object containing organic waste.

Background

Conventionally, it has been proposed to incinerate waste (general waste) discharged from general households or industrial waste from various commercial facilities and use the waste heat thereof to generate electricity, but the object to be treated includes various organic wastes such as garbage, paper waste, feces and urine, domestic wastewater, animal and plant residues, and sludge, and also includes waste having a high water content, and therefore, the heat energy generated by combustion becomes unstable. In addition, when the water content is high and the latent heat of evaporation of water is required, the heat energy may be increased by using fossil fuel.

In this regard, the inventors of the present application have already filed a patent application for an apparatus (fermentation and drying apparatus) in which organic waste such as kitchen waste is stored in a closed container, and a predetermined microorganism is added thereto and stirred while being heated to a predetermined saturated steam temperature range under reduced pressure, thereby promoting fermentation of organic substances as treatment objects and efficiently evaporating and drying water.

For example, in the fermentation drying apparatus described in patent document 1, the inside of the closed container is depressurized to promote evaporation of water from the organic waste in the closed container, thereby shortening the fermentation drying time, and the boiling point of water is lowered by the depressurization, so that a high temperature is not required so much, and death of microorganisms due to temperature increase can be prevented.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2007-319738

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, the above-mentioned objects to be treated contain various organic substances, and when these substances are burned, there is a variation in the heat energy generated. Therefore, if fermentation drying is performed only in the fermentation drying apparatus as in the above-described conventional example (patent document 1), the variation in thermal energy becomes large, and it is difficult to control combustion when used as fuel for a combustion furnace for power generation, which is not suitable.

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to: when an object to be treated containing organic waste is fermented by microorganisms while heating the object under reduced pressure using a known fermentation and drying apparatus, the dried object obtained thereby is burned, and variation in the thermal energy generated thereby is suppressed, so that the dried object can be easily used as a fuel for a combustion furnace.

Means for solving the problems

In order to solve the above problems, a fuel apparatus according to the present invention for fermentation and drying of a processing object includes: a fermentation drying apparatus in which a treatment object containing organic waste is placed in a closed container, stirred while heated to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and organic matter is fermented by a microorganism to obtain a dried product having a reduced volume; a classifying device for classifying the dried material obtained by the fermentation drying device into a relatively large-sized material and a relatively small-sized material; and a storage device for temporarily storing the large particles and the small particles.

With the above configuration, the fuel conversion apparatus of the present invention can promote fermentation of organic substances by microorganisms using a fermentation drying apparatus in the same manner as in the conventional example (patent document 1), and can efficiently dry the organic substances. Further, the dried matter obtained in the above-described manner is classified into a relatively large-sized matter and a relatively small-sized matter, and temporarily stored in a storage device.

The large particles of the dried substance classified as described above include plastics (which generally generate high thermal energy when the object to be treated is burned) and the like. In other words, the size of the sieving mesh or the like may be set so that the plastic or the like can be separated from the waste as the treatment object, and specifically, the mesh size to be sieved may be set to about 10 to 50mm by, for example, preliminary experiments, calculation, or the like.

On the other hand, organic waste (dried product) obtained by sufficiently fermenting and drying in the fermentation and drying apparatus is mainly separated as a small-sized product in addition to the large-sized product described above. The small particles are fermented and dried to reduce the moisture content and homogenize the small particles, and the generated heat energy is also stable. Therefore, if these large particles and small particles are stored temporarily and mixed appropriately, the fuel is produced so that the heat energy of the combustion furnace is stably generated.

When the material is separated into large-sized material and small-sized material in the above manner, the dried material obtained by the treatment with the fermentation drying apparatus has a smaller moisture content than that before the treatment, and therefore, there is an advantage that the material is easily sieved. However, the fermentation decomposition time varies depending on the organic matter, and therefore, the time for sufficiently small granulation by fermentation drying is not fixed.

In view of this, it is preferable that the classifying device is configured to divide the dried material into a large-sized material having a relatively large size, a small-sized material having a relatively small size, and a medium-sized material having a size between the large-sized material and the small-sized material, and a reintroducing device is provided to reintroduce the medium-sized material into the closed vessel in order to reprocess the medium-sized material by the fermentation drying device. In this way, the dried material which has not been fermented and dried and is sufficiently granulated is separated as a medium-sized material.

Therefore, if small particles that generate stable heat energy and large particles that generate high heat energy are stored temporarily, the variation in the generated heat energy can be further reduced by appropriately mixing them. On the other hand, by reprocessing the insufficiently fermented and dried medium-sized particles in the fermentation and drying apparatus, the fermentation and drying can be further promoted, and small particles with stable generated heat energy can be formed.

Further, it is more preferable that the fermentation drying apparatus further includes a crushing device for crushing the object to be treated at a stage before the object to be treated is stored in the closed container of the fermentation drying apparatus, and the object to be treated including the organic waste is crushed and reduced in size, thereby further promoting the fermentation drying.

More preferably, the present invention further includes: a combustion furnace for combusting the large-sized particles and the small-sized particles; and a metering and supplying device for taking out the large-sized objects and the small-sized objects from the storage device, adjusting the mixing ratio of the large-sized objects and the small-sized objects so as to maintain the heating value in the combustion furnace to be constant, and supplying the mixture to the combustion furnace. In this case, the mixing ratio of the large particles and the small particles can be adjusted, and the fuel in which the variation in thermal energy generated by combustion in the combustion furnace is suppressed can be supplied, whereby the thermal energy generated in the combustion furnace can be maintained constant.

In another aspect, the present invention is a method for treating a treatment target object using the above-described fueling apparatus, including the steps of: a fermentation drying step of storing a treatment object containing organic waste in a closed container, stirring the treatment object while heating the treatment object to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and fermenting the organic matter with a microorganism to obtain a dried object having a reduced volume; a classification step of classifying the dried product obtained in the fermentation and drying step into a relatively large-sized product and a relatively small-sized product; and a storage step of temporarily storing the large-sized particles and the small-sized particles, respectively.

By this method, fermentation and drying can be promoted by the microorganism for the object to be treated containing the organic waste as described above, and drying can be efficiently performed. Further, the obtained dried matter is classified into large-sized matter and small-sized matter and temporarily stored, and then these are mixed as necessary to suppress variation in thermal energy generated in the fuel for the combustion furnace.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

According to the device for converting fuel into fuel by fermentation and drying of the object to be treated according to the present invention, when the object to be treated including organic waste is heated under reduced pressure using a fermentation and drying device, and the organic matter is fermented and dried efficiently by microorganisms, the obtained dried matter is classified into large-sized matter and small-sized matter and temporarily stored, and therefore, the deviation of thermal energy generated during combustion can be suppressed by mixing them, and the dried matter can be easily used as fuel for a combustion furnace.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the entire fuel apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a magnetic separator.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fermentation drying apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration view of a vibration screening machine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation procedure of the fuel conversion apparatus.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel system of a combustion furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed in, for example, a municipal refuse disposal facility, and which combusts refuse (waste) discharged from general households, various commercial facilities, and the like into fuel for the combustion furnace for power generation. Although not shown, a pit (pit) into which collected waste is fed is provided in the waste disposal facility.

The garbage stored in the pit is mainly general garbage, and includes various organic wastes such as kitchen waste, paper waste, cloth, and wood having a high water content and loaded in the garbage bag, and incombustibles such as plastics and metals are mixed. Further, organic wastes such as feces and urine, domestic wastewater, animal and plant residues, and sludge, which are not classified as general wastes, may be included, and coarse wastes obtained by coarse crushing in a waste disposal facility may be mixed.

The fuel device of the combustion furnace according to the present embodiment includes: a crusher 1 (crushing device) for supplying general garbage (hereinafter simply referred to as "garbage") in the pit by a grab crane or the like, and a receiving hopper 2 into which the garbage crushed by the crusher 1 is put, and the garbage is supplied to the fermentation drying device 3 by a conveying conveyor 21 attached to the receiving hopper 2. Further, a magnetic separator 22 for removing metals from the garbage being conveyed by the conveying conveyor 21 is provided.

As described in detail below, the fermentation drying apparatus 3 is an apparatus for fermenting and drying garbage under reduced pressure, and the dried material treated by the fermentation drying apparatus 3 is sieved (classified) into three sizes, i.e., large, medium, and small, by a vibrating sieving machine 4 (classifying apparatus). The dried product of "medium size" (hereinafter, also referred to as "medium-sized product") is transported by a reinjection line 5 (reinjection device) including a plurality of transport conveyors and reinjected into the receiving hopper 2.

On the other hand, dried products of "large size" and "small size" (hereinafter, also referred to as large-sized products and small-sized products, respectively) are temporarily stored in the storage device 6. The storage device 6 includes:

storage hoppers

61 and 62 for temporarily storing large particles and small particles, respectively; and metering devices 63 and 64 for metering and mixing the large particles and the small particles and supplying the mixed particles as fuel to the combustion furnace 71. A part of the heat energy generated in the combustion furnace is supplied to the fermentation drying device 3 through the steam control device 75.

In the present embodiment, the steam generation boiler 7 drives a generator such as the turbine generator 9 through the steam passage 73, and supplies the generated electric power to the electric power company. Part of the electric power is also used as driving power for the fermentation drying device 3. As the generator, a stirling engine generator or the like is also conceivable.

The crusher 1 is, for example, a multi-shaft low-speed rotary crusher, and each of the cutting blades cuts the garbage by rotation of a pair of rotary shafts 10 as schematically shown in fig. 1. As a result, the kitchen waste, paper dust, wood, and the like have a size suitable for fermentation and drying, and the plastic and the like are crushed to some extent to have a size suitable for screening. As the crusher, a single-shaft low-speed rotary crusher, a high-speed rotary crusher, a compression crusher, or the like may be used.

The magnetic separator 22 is, for example, a suspended magnetic separator, and as schematically shown in fig. 2, is suspended on the conveying conveyor 21, and magnetic materials (shown by black dots) such as iron pieces are attracted by magnets from the waste conveyed by the conveying conveyor 21, and are continuously discharged by a belt 22b moving between pulleys 22 a. In addition to the suspension type, a magnetic separator such as a belt wheel type or a drum type may be used, and a metal object may be removed by using an eddy current type magnetic separator capable of removing nonferrous metals such as an aluminum can. The magnetic separator 22 may be provided on the conveying belt 37.

Fermentation drying apparatus

The fermentation drying apparatus 3 is a known apparatus described in patent document 1 and the like, and as described below, a dried product having a reduced volume is obtained by heating garbage to be treated to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure while stirring the garbage, and fermenting an organic substance with a microorganism.

As schematically shown in fig. 3, the fermentation drying apparatus 3 includes a cylindrical tank 30 formed in an airtight manner so as to keep the inside at atmospheric pressure or lower, as a closed container for accommodating the garbage supplied by the conveying conveyor 21 as described above. A heating jacket 31 is provided on the peripheral wall of the tank 30, and high-temperature steam is supplied through a steam control device 75.

Further, a stirring shaft 32 extending in the longitudinal direction (the left-right direction in fig. 3) is provided inside the tank 30 so as to be surrounded by the heating jacket 31, and is rotated at a predetermined rotation speed by a motor 32 a. The stirring shaft 32 is provided with a plurality of stirring plates 32b at intervals in the axial direction thereof, so that the garbage can be stirred and transported in the longitudinal direction of the tank 30 after the fermentation and drying are completed. In some cases, a hydraulic press is used instead of the motor 32 a.

That is, a garbage inlet 30a supplied from the conveying conveyor 21 is provided at an upper portion of one side (left side in fig. 3) in the longitudinal direction of the tank 30, and the garbage introduced therefrom is stirred by the rotation of the stirring shaft 32 as described above while being heated by the heating jacket 31. After a predetermined time has elapsed, the liquid is discharged from a discharge portion 30b provided at the lower portion of the tank 30.

Although not shown in detail, in the present embodiment, a steam passage is also formed in the stirring shaft 32 and the stirring plate 32b, and heating steam is supplied thereto from the steam control device 75 via the steam passage 70. This allows the garbage to be heated from the inside thereof while being stirred by the stirring shaft 32. Then, drain water (drain water) obtained by condensing the steam is returned to the steam control device 75 via the steam passage 70.

A guide portion 30c for guiding steam generated from the heated waste to the condensation portion 33 is provided in a protruding manner in an upper portion of the pressure-resistant tank 30 for heating the waste, and an on-off valve 34a is provided in a communication path 34 from this portion toward the condensation portion 33. The condenser 33 includes a plurality of cooling pipes 33b supported by a pair of support heads 33a, and a cooling water passage 80 is provided between the cooling pipes 33b and a cooling tower 8 described below.

That is, as schematically shown in fig. 3, the cooling tower 8 is provided therein with: a water receiving tank 81 into which cooling water discharged from the condensation unit 33 flows; a suction pump 82 for sucking cooling water from the water receiving tank 81; and a nozzle 83 for spraying the drawn cooling water. The cooling water injected from the nozzle 83 is subjected to the air blowing from the blower 85 while flowing down the downflow portion 84, and the temperature thereof is lowered, and the cooling water flows into the water receiving tank 81 again.

The cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 8 in this manner is sent by the cooling water pump 86, and is returned to the condensation unit 33 through the cooling water passage 80, and while flowing through the plurality of cooling pipes 33b, the temperature rises by heat exchange with the steam generated from the garbage as described above. Then, the cooling water is sent back to the cooling tower 8 again through the cooling water passage 80. That is, the cooling water circulates through the cooling water passage 80 between the condensation unit 33 and the cooling tower 8.

In addition to the cooling water circulating in this manner, the cooling tower 8 is injected with condensed water of steam generated from the heated garbage in the condensing portion 33. That is, although not shown, a water collecting portion is provided below the condensing portion 33, and condensed water generated in the condensing portion 33 is collected. In the present embodiment, the vacuum pump 36 is connected to the condensing unit 33 via the communication passage 35, and reduces the pressure in the tank 30.

Therefore, when the vacuum pump 36 is operated, air and condensed water are extracted from the condenser 33 through the communication passage 35, and further, air and condensed water in the tank 30 are extracted through the communication passage 34 and the guide portion 30 c. Thus, the condensed water is pumped out from the condensation unit 33 by the vacuum pump 36, and is guided from the vacuum pump 36 to the water receiving tank 81 of the cooling tower 8 through the water guide pipe.

The condensate introduced into the drain tank 81 of the cooling tower 8 as described above is mixed with the cooling water, sucked up by the suction pump 82 as described above, sprayed from the nozzle 83, and cooled while flowing down in the lower flow portion 84. Since the condensed water contains the same microorganisms as those added to the garbage in the tank 30 and the odor components and the like contained in the condensed water are decomposed, the odor does not diffuse to the outside of the tank.

Operation of the fermentation drying apparatus

The operation of the fermentation drying apparatus 3 configured as described above will be described, in which the garbage stored in the tank 30 is stirred with the rotation of the stirring shaft 32 while being heated by the high-temperature steam supplied to the heating jacket 31 (and the steam passage such as the stirring shaft 32). The temperature of the steam supplied from the steam control device 75 is preferably, for example, about 140 ℃.

In this way, the temperature is efficiently raised by the heating from the outside by the heating jacket 31 (which surrounds the inside of the tank 30) and the heating from the inside by the stirring shaft 32 and the like, and the mixture is stirred by the stirring shaft 32. Further, since the pressure is reduced by the operation of the vacuum pump 36, the boiling point in the tank 30 is lowered, and the evaporation of water is accelerated, thereby promoting the fermentation and drying.

In the fermentation and drying step by the fermentation and drying apparatus 3, one step is preferably 2 hours, for example, and the garbage is first fermented for 30 minutes. When the pressure in the tank 30 is reduced to-0.06 to-0.07 MPa (gauge pressure, hereinafter, gauge pressure is omitted), the temperature of the water in the tank 30 is maintained at 76 to 69 ℃ (saturated steam temperature). As a result, fermentation and decomposition of the waste are promoted mainly by the following microorganisms.

The waste in the fermentation was then dried over 1.5 hours. Therefore, when the pressure in the tank 30 is further reduced to-O.010 to-O.092MPa, the temperature of the water in the tank is maintained at 42 to 46 ℃ (saturated steam temperature), and the drying of the garbage is sufficiently promoted.

Note that SHIMOSE 1 is FERM BP-7504 (international deposit on 3/14/2003 in the institute of integrated industrial and technology, national institute of biotechnology and engineering research, national institute of economic and industrial sciences patent microorganism collection (1-3, 1-1 st-order, east 1 bo city, bukuwa, ken, japan)).

Note that shimse 2 is FERM BP-7505 (deposited internationally in the same manner as shimse 1) and is a microorganism belonging to Pichia farinosa (Pichia farinosa) which is tolerant to salts, and shimse 3 is FERM BP-7506 (deposited internationally in the same manner as shimse 1) and is a microorganism belonging to Staphylococcus (Staphylococcus).

Vibrating screen machines

The dried product obtained by the treatment in the above manner by the fermentation drying apparatus 3 is classified into three sizes, i.e., large, medium, and small, by being sieved in the vibrating sieving machine 4. The vibrating screen machine 4 of the present embodiment screens the dried material into large particles having a size of, for example, 50mm or more, small particles having a size of, for example, 30mm or less, and medium particles having a size therebetween, depending on the size of the dried material.

As an example shown in fig. 4, in the vibrating screen machine 4, a cylindrical casing 41 is supported by a plurality of (for example, 4) coil springs 42 so as to be floating with respect to a base 43, and a lid 44 for closing an upper end opening of the casing 41 is provided with a dry material inlet 44 a. A hopper 45 is disposed above the inlet 44a, and the dried material discharged from the tank 30 of the fermentation drying apparatus 3 is introduced by a conveying conveyor 37 (see fig. 1).

Inside the casing 41 into which the dried material is fed in the above-described manner, 3 screens 46a to 46c are provided substantially horizontally so as to be spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. The mesh of the upper layer 46a is, for example, 50mm corresponding to the size of the large particles, and the mesh of the middle layer 46b is, for example, 30mm corresponding to the size of the medium particles.

A coarse mesh tap (japanese kowter き) receptacle 47 is disposed below each of the wire meshes 46a to 46c at predetermined intervals, and a plurality of tap rubber balls 48 are disposed on the upper surface of the receptacle at predetermined intervals. Further, 3 discharge ports 41a to 41c are provided at intervals in the vertical direction on the outer periphery of the housing 41 so as to correspond to the upper surfaces of the 3 screens 46a to 46c, respectively, and large, medium, and small dried materials obtained by screening the screens 46a to 46c are discharged.

Further, an inverted bowl-shaped bottom portion 49 whose inner peripheral side protrudes upward is disposed so as to close the lower end opening of the case 41. Further, the vibration motor 50 is disposed below the bottom portion 49 that closes the lower end opening of the housing 41 in the above-described manner.

The vibration motor 50 is housed inside a cylindrical base 43 so as to be surrounded by a peripheral wall thereof, and is suspended from a lower end portion of the housing 41 via an elastic holder 41e or the like.

Eccentric weights

50a and 50b are provided on the upper and lower sides of the vibration motor 50, respectively, and the entire housing 41 is vibrated by eccentrically rotating them.

When the entire housing 41 is vibrated in this manner, the dried material put in through the inlet port 44a of the upper lid portion 44 first moves toward the outer peripheral side while rolling on the upper screen 46 a. Then, the dried matter having a size of 50mm or more reaches the outer periphery of the casing 41 without passing through the meshes of the screen 46a, and is discharged as large-sized matter from the upper discharge port 41a to the outside of the casing 41.

On the other hand, the dried material having a size of less than 50mm passes through the mesh of the upper screen 46a and falls downward, and this time, moves toward the outer peripheral side while rolling on the middle screen 46 b. Then, the dried matter having a size of 30mm or more reaches the outer periphery of the casing 41 without passing through the meshes of the screen 46b, and is discharged as medium particles from the discharge port 41b in the middle layer to the outside of the casing 41.

The dried matter having a size of less than 30mm passes through the mesh of the middle screen 46b and falls downward, moves toward the outer peripheral side while rolling on the lower screen 46c, and is discharged as small particles from the discharge port 41c of the lower layer to the outside of the casing 41.

The classifying device is not limited to the above-described vibrating screen machine 4, and for example, a drum screen, a shaking type classifier, a rotor type classifier, or the like can be used.

In the dried product obtained by the screening in the above manner, large particles mainly contain plastics and the like, and the heat energy generated is large. On the other hand, the medium-sized particles and the small particles are mainly obtained by fermenting and drying organic substances, and particularly, the small particles are sufficiently fermented to homogenize components, so that heat energy generated by combustion is stabilized.

On the other hand, the medium particles are not sufficiently fermented and dried as compared with the small particles, and therefore, they are not suitable for use as fuel for a combustion furnace, and therefore, the medium particles can be molded into small particles by feeding the medium particles again into the fermentation and drying apparatus 3 and fermenting and drying the medium particles again.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the large-sized particles and the small-sized particles are temporarily stored and used as fuel to be supplied to the combustion furnace 71, while the medium-sized particles are returned to the fermentation drying device 3 and subjected to the fermentation drying process again. That is, the medium particles discharged from the discharge port 41b of the middle layer of the vibratory screening machine 4 as described above are conveyed by the reinjection line 5 including a plurality of conveying conveyors, and are put into the receiving hopper 2 of the fermentation drying apparatus 3.

On the other hand, the large particles and the small particles discharged from the

discharge ports

41a and 41c of the upper and lower stages of the vibratory screening machine 4 are temporarily stored in the

storage hoppers

61 and 62 of the storage device 6 separately. Then, the large dried substance and the small dried substance are measured by the screw type measuring and supplying devices 63 and 64, respectively, and are mixed and supplied to the combustion furnace 71.

The above-described metering devices 63 and 64 drive the

screw feeders

63a and 64a by a motor (not shown) and feed out the dried products (large-sized products and small-sized products) by rotation thereof. Since the supply amount per unit time based on this change with the rotation speed of the

screw feeders

63a, 64a, the ratio of large particles and small particles contained in the fuel supplied to the combustion furnace 71 can be adjusted by changing the rotation speed of each of the metering devices 63, 64.

The steam generating boiler 7 for generating high-temperature steam by burning the fuel (large and small particles) supplied as described above is not described in detail, and includes a burner 71 and a steam generating unit 72. The burner 71 has a general structure, and the fuel supplied as described above falls from the hopper and is fed through the screw feeder 74.

The steam generator 72 heats water by the combustion heat energy of the fuel fed as described above, and generates power generation steam. In the present embodiment, as described above, the power generation steam generated in the steam generation unit 72 of the steam generation boiler 7 is supplied to the turbine generator 9, thereby supplying electric power to the electric power company.

Further, the heating steam is supplied to the fermentation drying apparatus 3 (the heating jacket 31 of the tank 30, etc.) through the steam control device 75, and the inside of the tank 30 is heated as described above with reference to fig. 3. The drain water condensed by the steam is discharged from the heating jacket 31 or the like, flows through the steam passage 70, and returns to the steam generating unit 72.

Next, a procedure of garbage disposal by the fuel processing apparatus based on fermentation and drying of the object to be processed will be described, and an example is shown in the flowchart of fig. 5, in the pretreatment step (step S1), first, garbage stored in the pit is charged into the crusher 1, crushed into a predetermined size, and then charged into the receiving hopper 2. Then, the iron pieces and the like contained in the garbage are removed by the magnetic separator 22 while being conveyed by the conveying conveyor 21.

Next, in step S2, the lid of the inlet 30a of the tank 30 of the fermentation drying device 3 is opened, and the garbage carried by the carrying conveyor 21 is loaded. At this time, the inside of the tank 30 is set to atmospheric pressure, and then the lid of the inlet 30a is closed to seal the inside of the tank 30. Further, the on-off valve 34a in the communication path 34 from the guide portion 30c of the tank 30 to the condenser 33 is opened.

In step S3, as described above with reference to fig. 3, the interior of the tank 30 is heated under reduced pressure to promote fermentation and drying of the garbage stored therein (fermentation and drying step).

In this manner, the inside of the tank 30 is heated by the supply of the heating steam, and the stirring shaft 32 is rotated at a predetermined rotation speed (for example, about 8 rpm). Further, by reducing the pressure in the tank 30 by the operation of the vacuum pump 36, the boiling point of the water in the tank 30 is lowered, the water is rapidly evaporated, and the fermentation and drying of the garbage are promoted.

When a predetermined time (for example, about 2 hours) has elapsed while the temperature and pressure in the tank 30 are maintained in this manner, the vacuum pump 36 is temporarily stopped. At this time, the volume of the dried product decreases. Then, it is judged in step S4 whether or not the fermentation drying process has been repeated a predetermined number of times, and if it is judged in the Negative (NO), the process returns to step S2.

By thus charging the garbage into the tank 30 and repeating the fermentation and drying process a predetermined number of times, a large amount of garbage can be sufficiently fermented and dried. If the answer in step S4 is YES, the process proceeds to step S5, where the operation of the vacuum pump 36 and the steam control device 75 is stopped, and the stirring shaft 32 is reversed, the lid of the discharge unit 30b is opened, and the dried product is discharged from the tank 30 (atmospheric pressure (discharge)).

The dried material is fermented and dried as described above to reduce the volume thereof, and the dried material is transferred by the transfer conveyor 37 and charged into the vibratory screening machine 4 from the hopper 45. Then, the dried large, medium and small particles are sieved (classifying step: step S6) by the operation of the vibrating sieving machine 4 as described above with reference to FIG. 4, and the medium particles are reintroduced into the receiving hopper 2 through the reintroducing line 5 (medium particle conveyance: step S7).

Meanwhile, the large particles and the small particles are temporarily stored in the

storage hoppers

61 and 62, respectively (storage step: steps S8 and S9). The large particles and the small particles temporarily stored in this way are metered and mixed, and supplied as fuel to the combustion furnace 71 of the steam generation boiler 7 (step S10).

Step S3 in the flow of fig. 5 corresponds to a fermentation and drying step of obtaining a dried product with a reduced volume by storing garbage as a treatment target in the tank 30, stirring the garbage while heating the garbage to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and fermenting and drying the organic matter with microorganisms.

Therefore, according to the fueling apparatus by fermentation and drying of the object to be treated according to the present embodiment, by using the known fermentation and drying apparatus 3 and reducing the pressure in the tank 30 containing the waste containing organic matter to lower the boiling point of water, it is possible to efficiently evaporate water at a relatively low temperature and promote drying. By lowering the temperature in this manner, microorganisms can be activated to promote fermentation of organic substances.

In addition, as described above, the dried material burned in the steam generating boiler 7 is obtained by measuring the large particles and the small particles obtained by sieving with the vibrating sieving machine 4 and mixing them at an appropriate ratio, and thus the fuel generated by appropriately mixing the dried material can suppress variation in thermal energy generated in the combustion furnace 71 of the steam generating boiler 7.

The embodiments disclosed herein are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The technical scope of the present invention is defined not by the embodiments described above but by the claims. The technical scope of the present invention includes all modifications within the meaning and range equivalent to the claims.

The application request is based on the priority of Japanese application No. 2017-167134, filed in Japan at 31/8/2017. The entire contents of which are hereby incorporated into the present application by reference herein.

Industrial applicability

In the present invention, the object to be treated including organic waste is treated using the fermentation drying apparatus, and the obtained dried product can be easily used as fuel, and therefore, the present invention has high industrial applicability.

Description of the reference numerals

1 crusher (crushing device)

3 fermentation drying device

30 pot (closed container)

4 vibrating screen classifier (grading plant)

5 throw-in pipeline (throw-in device)

6 storage device

61. 62 storage hopper

63. 64 metering supply device

7 steam generating boiler (heating device)

Claims

1. A fuel processing device based on fermentation and drying of a processing object is characterized by comprising:

a fermentation drying apparatus in which a treatment object containing organic waste is placed in a closed container, stirred while heated to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and organic matter is fermented by a microorganism to obtain a dried product having a reduced volume;

a classifying device for classifying the dried material obtained by the fermentation drying device into a relatively large-sized material and a relatively small-sized material;

a storage device for temporarily storing the large-sized particles and the small-sized particles, respectively;

a combustion furnace for combusting the large and small particles; and

and a metering and supplying device that takes out the large-sized objects and the small-sized objects from the storage device, adjusts a mixing ratio of the large-sized objects and the small-sized objects so as to maintain a constant amount of heat generated in the combustion furnace, and supplies the mixture to the combustion furnace.

2. The device for converting fuel into fuel by fermentation drying of a processing object according to claim 1, wherein the classifying means is configured to divide the dried material into the large-sized material, the small-sized material, and a medium-sized material having a size between the large-sized material and the small-sized material,

the fueling device includes a reintroduction device for reintroducing the medium-sized material into the closed container in order to reprocess the medium-sized material by the fermentation drying device.

3. The apparatus for fueling by fermentation and drying of a processing object according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a crushing device for crushing the processing object at a stage before the processing object is accommodated in the closed container of the fermentation and drying device.

4. A method of fueling by fermentation drying of a treatment target, comprising the step of using the apparatus for fueling by fermentation drying of a treatment target according to claim 1, and the step of:

a fermentation drying step of storing a treatment object containing organic waste in a closed container, stirring the treatment object while heating the treatment object to a predetermined temperature range under reduced pressure, and fermenting the organic matter with a microorganism to obtain a dried object having a reduced volume;

a classification step of classifying the dried product obtained in the fermentation and drying step into a relatively large-sized product and a relatively small-sized product; and

a storage step of temporarily storing the large-sized and small-sized particles, respectively.