CN115055516B - Ecological restoration device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration device and an ecological restoration method.

Description

Ecological restoration device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration device and method.

Background

Mining of coal resources often causes mine geological environment problems, brings certain potential safety hazards to ecological environment safety and regional biodiversity, and has serious influence on surrounding environment due to coal gangue as solid waste discharged in the production and processing processes of coal, has great significance for restoring ecological environment of mining areas and also has certain influence on restoring ecology. In the related art, a gangue field design scheme and land reclamation are mostly adopted for ecological restoration, but vegetation growth conditions of a gangue slope are poor, so that ecological restoration effects are not ideal, and ecological group fall of the vegetation on the slope is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an ecological restoration device which can improve the ecological restoration effect.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an ecological restoration method.

The ecological restoration device of the embodiment of the invention comprises: the box body is provided with a containing cavity, the containing cavity is internally suitable for placing soil for plant growth, and the box body is suitable for being arranged at a gangue slope; the supporting piece, the box with the supporting piece links to each other, the one end of supporting piece with the box links to each other, the other end of supporting piece is suitable for stretching into in the gangue side slope.

The ecological restoration device provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the ecological restoration effect.

In some embodiments, the housing includes a shroud and a securing member connected to one end of the shroud, the other end of the shroud connected to the support member, and the shroud enclosing the receiving cavity.

In some embodiments, the coaming is provided with a plurality of drain holes, and a plurality of drain holes are arranged on the coaming at intervals.

In some embodiments, the support comprises a first support disposed proximate to a top of the mine spoil slope and a second support disposed distal from the mine spoil slope top.

In some embodiments, the number of the supporting pieces is set to be multiple, one ends of the supporting pieces extend into the gangue slope, and the other ends of the supporting pieces are connected with the box body.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further comprises a connector, one end of the connector is connected with the box, and the other end of the connector is connected with the support.

In some embodiments, the guest soil comprises a sand layer, a nutrient base layer, a clay layer, and a gravel layer arranged in order from bottom to top.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further comprises a dust screen disposed over the gravel layer.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further includes a grid disposed between the spoil and the subsoil.

The ecological restoration method of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: placing the supporting piece at a preset position in the gangue slope; placing a box above the support; and placing foreign soil in the box body, and planting grass, shrubs and trees on the foreign soil.

The ecological restoration method provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the ecological restoration effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an ecological restoration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the box body 1, the accommodating cavity 11, the coaming 12, the fixing piece 13, the drain hole 14,

the support 2, the first support 21, the second support 22,

soil dressing 3, sand layer 31, nutrient base layer 32, clay layer 33, gravel layer 34,

a connecting piece 4, a dust screen 5, a grille 6,

7 plants, 71 plants, 72 shrubs, 73 trees, 8 potential sliding layers and 9 slopes.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the ecological restoration device of the embodiment of the present invention includes a case 1 and a support 2.

The box body 1 is provided with a containing cavity 11, the containing cavity 11 is internally suitable for placing the soil 3 for the growth of plants 7, and the box body 1 is suitable for being arranged at a gangue slope. The box 1 links to each other with support piece 2, and support piece 2's one end links to each other with box 1, and support piece 2's the other end is suitable for stretching into in the waste rock side slope.

Specifically, the box 1 is hollow, that is, the upper portion and the lower portion of the box 1 are communicated, the supporting piece 2 is arranged at the lower end of the box 1, the lower end of the supporting piece 2 stretches into the gangue slope and penetrates through the potential sliding layer 8, and the upper end of the supporting piece 2 is connected with the lower end of the box 1 to fix the box 1 at the gangue slope.

Optionally, the box 1 may be a cube or a cuboid, the size of the box 1 may be adjusted according to the space required by the root system of the plant 7 planted as required, in the embodiment of the invention, the length of the box 1 is 3 meters, the width is 3 meters, and the height is 2 meters, so that the root system expansion requirements of different vegetation communities can be met, by placing the soil-removing 3 in the box 1, a new growth environment is provided for the slope vegetation communities, the nutrition and space required by the vegetation are optimized, the requirement of vegetation growth is met, namely, the high-quality growth medium and the root system space required by the plant 7 are provided for the plant 7 through the soil-removing 3, and the ecological restoration effect is improved.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the length of the box 1 is 3 meters and the width of the box is 3 meters, which is set according to the growth size of the arbor 73, and as known by those skilled in the art, the root system of the arbor 73 is expanded generally by about two meters, and by setting the length and width of the box 1 to three meters, the arbor 73 is ensured to have enough growth space, and the number of the soil-receiving bodies 3 corresponding to the expansion of the size of the box 1 is increased, so that the soil-receiving bodies 3 can provide enough nutrients for the growth of the arbor 73, thereby ensuring the smooth growth of the arbor 73 and further improving the ecological restoration effect.

It can be understood that the number of the boxes 1 can be multiple, the multiple boxes 1 are fixed on the gangue slope through the multiple supporting pieces 2, the soil-receiving 3 is placed in each box 1 for plant growth, ecological communities can be formed through the growth of the plants 7 in the multiple boxes 1, and then the ecological restoration effect is improved.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the box body 1 is fixed on the gangue side slope through the supporting piece 2, the foreign soil 3 is placed in the box body 1, the foreign soil 3 provides needed nutrient substances for tall vegetation, the box body 1 provides needed growth space for tall vegetation, recovery of vegetation communities is realized, and ecological restoration effect is further improved.

In some embodiments, the case 1 includes a shroud 12 and a securing member 13, the securing member 13 is connected to one end of the shroud 12, the other end of the shroud 12 is connected to the support 2, and the shroud 12 encloses the receiving cavity 11.

Specifically, the upper end of bounding wall 12 is fixed through mounting 13, and the lower extreme of bounding wall 12 is through linking to each other with support 2 in order to fix bounding wall 12 on support 2, improves the stability of box 1 in waste rock side slope department.

For example, the fixing members 13 are rivets, and the edges of the upper ends of the coamings 12 are fixed by the rivets, so that the structural stability of the coamings 12 is improved.

For example, the material of bounding wall 12 is wood, and the bounding wall 12 material of wood is environmental protection, can be corroded by moisture and soil after the gangue side slope passes a certain time, can not cause secondary pollution to the gangue side slope, and the corruption of bounding wall 12 can make the soil in the bounding wall 12 and the soil outside the bounding wall 12 form an organic whole in addition, and then improves ecological remediation's effect.

In some embodiments, the shroud 12 is provided with a plurality of drain holes 14, the plurality of drain holes 14 being spaced apart on the shroud 12.

Specifically, the arrangement of the plurality of drain holes 14 can ensure that water in the coaming 12 is discharged into the coaming 12 through the drain holes 14 in the heavy rainfall environment, water outside the coaming 12 can also enter into the coaming 12 through the drain holes 14, water inside and outside the coaming 12 is exchanged, and the number of the drain holes 14 is multiple, so that the exchange efficiency of water can be improved.

Alternatively, the shape of the drain hole 14 may be set to be circular, square, trapezoid, and the shape of the drain hole 14 is set to be circular in this embodiment.

Optionally, the intervals between the plurality of drain holes 14 may be set according to practical situations, in this embodiment, one drain hole 14 is set on the enclosing plate 12 at intervals of 0.2 meter, the drain hole 14 is circular, the size of the drain hole 14 is 0.05 meter, and the plurality of drain holes 14 are arranged at intervals to meet the drain requirement of the tank 1.

In some embodiments, the support 2 comprises a first support 21 and a second support 22, the first support 21 being disposed proximate to the top of the mine spoil slope and the second support 22 being disposed distal to the mine spoil slope top.

Specifically, the first supporting member 21 is disposed on the right side of the second supporting member 22, and the height of the first supporting member 21 is smaller than that of the second supporting member 22, so as to adapt to the gradient of the gangue slope, and further the first supporting member 21 and the second supporting member 22 provide better supporting effect for the box 1.

It can be appreciated that the gangue side slope has a certain gradient, and the height of the first supporting piece 21 is set to be smaller than that of the second supporting piece 22, so that the upper ends of the first supporting piece 21 and the second supporting piece 22 can be located at the same horizontal height, and the connection of the first supporting piece 21 and the second supporting piece 22 with the box body 1 is facilitated.

The difference between the height of the first support member 21 and the height of the second support member 22 can be adjusted according to the position of the potential sliding layer 8 of the gangue slope, when the gradient is larger, the difference between the height of the first support member 21 and the height of the second support member 22 is increased, and when the gradient is smaller, the difference between the height of the first support member and the height of the second support member 22 is decreased so as to be more suitable for the gangue gradient.

Alternatively, when the case 1 is positioned on a gentle ground, the height of the first support 21 and the height of the second support 22 may be set to the case 1 to accommodate different topography environments.

For example, the supporting piece 2 is a miniature pile, the first supporting piece 21 is a miniature pile short pile, the second supporting piece 22 is a miniature pile long pile, the miniature pile is a precast pile, and the precast pile is implanted into the gangue slope to bear the slope shearing force of the gangue slope, so that the stability of the gangue slope is improved, and the stability of the box body 1 on the gangue slope is further improved.

Optionally, through the differential setting of miniature stake long stake and miniature stake short stake, can realize reducing pile body material's consumption when consolidating waste rock side slope, and then reduce the cost of stake basis.

For example, the radius of the precast pile can be adjusted according to the stability of the gangue slope which is actually adapted, the shape of the precast pile can be round or square, in this embodiment, the precast pile is a round precast pile, the radius of the round precast pile is 0.15 m, and the pile length of the round precast pile is determined according to the potential sliding layer 8 of the gangue slope, so that the precast pile passes through the potential sliding layer 8, and the anti-slip and anti-shearing performances of the precast pile are improved.

In some embodiments, the number of the supporting pieces 2 is set to be multiple, one end of each supporting piece 2 extends into the gangue slope, and the other end of each supporting piece 2 is connected with the box body 1.

Optionally, setting up of a plurality of support piece 2 can improve the stability of gangue side slope, and when the stability of gangue side slope was relatively poor, can consolidate the gangue side slope through setting up a plurality of support piece 2, and a plurality of support piece 2 can also play better supporting role to box 1 moreover, and when the size setting of box 1 is great, can be through increasing the stable supporting role of support piece 2 to box 1 with the quantity that improves support piece 2.

It will be appreciated that the lower ends of the plurality of supports 2 pass through the potential slide layer 8 and the upper ends of the plurality of supports are connected to the tank 1, ensuring that the tank 1 is secured at the side slope.

For example, the number of the supporting members 2 may be two, four, six or eight, and the upper ends of the supporting members 2 are connected with the lower end of the case 1, so as to improve the stability of the supporting members 2 for supporting the case 1, in this embodiment, the number of the supporting members 2 is four, and the four supporting members 2 are respectively located at four corners of the case 1.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further includes a connection member 4, one end of the connection member 4 is connected to the case 1, and the other end of the connection member 4 is connected to the support member 2.

Optionally, the connection between the box 1 and the supporting member 2 can be firmer through the arrangement of the connecting member 4, so as to improve the stable supporting effect of the supporting member 2 on the box 1.

For example, the connecting piece 4 is a ring beam, the size of the ring beam is matched with the lower end face of the box body 1, so that the box body 1 can be stably connected with the connecting piece 4, the box body 1 is vertically fixed on a precast pile by casting the ring beam above the precast pile, the box body 1 and the precast pile are integrated, and the stability of the box body 1 under the severe environments of precipitation and earthquake is improved.

For example, the cross-sectional dimension of the collar beam is 0.1x0.1 meters.

For example, the ring beam is plain concrete.

In some embodiments, the casing 3 comprises a layer of sand 31, a nutrient base layer 32, a clay layer 33 and a layer of gravel 34 arranged in that order from the bottom.

Optionally, through setting up different soil-aliquoting 3 layers in box 1 vertically, soil-aliquoting 3 is 0.2 meter thick sand soil layer 31, 0.5 meter thick nutrition basic unit 32, 0.5 meter thick clay layer 33, 0.2 meter thick gravel layer 34 respectively from bottom to top, through the replacement of different soil-aliquoting 3 layers, provides new growth basic unit for side slope vegetation community, has optimized vegetation required nutrition and space, has satisfied vegetation growth's demand.

It can be understood that the lower end and the upper end of the box body 1 are arranged in a penetrating way, namely, the lowest layer in the box body 1 is a side slope 9.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further includes a dust screen 5, the dust screen 5 being disposed over the gravel layer 34.

Optionally, by arranging the dust screen 5 above the case 1, i.e. by arranging the dust screen 5 above the gravel layer 34, the loss of soil on the inner surface layer of the case 1 in the dust environment is reduced.

For example, grass 71, shrubs 72, and trees 73 are planted on different soil surfaces in the case 1, respectively.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further includes a grid 6, the grid 6 being disposed between the spoil and the subsoil 3.

Optionally, through setting up grid 6 between soil for the face and 3 gangue, reduced the harmful substance exchange between gangue layer and the soil for the face 3 to a certain extent, be favorable to creating relative confined environment in the space simultaneously, stopped gangue and oxygen contact, further reduced the probability of gangue mountain spontaneous combustion.

For example, the grid 6 is a geogrid.

The ecological restoration method of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: and placing the supporting piece at a preset position in the gangue slope. The box is placed over the support. And (5) placing foreign soil in the box body, and planting grasses, shrubs and trees on the foreign soil.

Specifically, placing the support piece at the preset position in the gangue slope comprises placing the first support piece and the second support piece at the preset position of the gangue slope respectively, and enabling the lower ends of the first support piece and the second support piece to penetrate through the potential sliding layer respectively in a precast pile implantation mode, so that the first support piece and the second support piece can bear the shearing force of the slope body, and the first support piece and the second support piece are used for reinforcing the gangue slope to a certain extent.

It can be understood that the waste rock side slope needs to be cleaned before the precast pile is implanted, the precast pile is implanted at the designed position of the waste rock side slope, the precast pile can be generally implanted to the depth of three meters below the waste rock side slope to penetrate through the potential sliding layer, different depth adjustment settings can be carried out according to different positions of the waste rock side slope, and the stability of the first supporting piece and the second supporting piece in the waste rock side slope is ensured.

Optionally, when the precast pile is implanted, the pile head is cut off to the designed elevation according to the design requirement, when the precast pile is positioned on the same horizontal plane, the ring beam is cast in situ on the pile foundation, the ring beam is plain concrete, the box body is placed above the ring beam by casting the ring beam at the upper end of the precast pile in situ, so that the box body and the precast pile are integrated, and the pile box is integrated, so that the stability of the box body on the gangue slope can be ensured.

Optionally, the foreign soil is placed in the box body, the lowest layer of the box body is a coal gangue layer, a grid is arranged above the coal gangue layer, a sand layer, a nutrition base layer, a clay layer and a gravel layer are sequentially placed on the grid from bottom to top, and a dust screen is arranged above the gravel layer to provide a growth environment and a growth space for plant growth.

Optionally, a grass plant growth area, a shrub growth area and a arbor growth area are planned on different soil surface layers, a growth space is provided for different ecological communities, different grasses, shrubs and arbor are selected for planting according to the green space condition of the gangue slope, and the space in the box body is reasonably distributed according to the selected different grasses, shrubs and arbor types.

Optionally, by planting grass, shrubs and trees, sliding of the slope can be reduced, and the risk of landslide of the gangue slope is further reduced.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the box body and the precast pile are arranged into an integrated structure through the ring beam on the gangue side slope, and different matrix growth units are vertically arranged in the box body, so that a space and a nutrition growth medium required by growth of high and large vegetation are formed in the box body, and the ecological restoration effect is improved.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the box body is arranged on the coal gangue side slope to perform soil-dressing replacement, so that the plant root system growth environment is optimized, and the ecological restoration effect is optimized.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An ecological restoration device, comprising:

the box body is provided with a containing cavity, the containing cavity is internally suitable for placing soil for plant growth, and the box body is suitable for being arranged at a gangue slope;

the supporting piece is connected with the box body, one end of the supporting piece is connected with the box body, the other end of the supporting piece is suitable for extending into the gangue slope, and the supporting piece is a precast pile;

one end of the connecting piece is connected with the box body, the other end of the connecting piece is connected with the supporting piece, and the connecting piece is a ring beam;

the box body comprises a coaming and a fixing piece, wherein the fixing piece is connected with one end of the coaming, the other end of the coaming is connected with the supporting piece, and the coaming encloses the accommodating cavity; the coaming is provided with a plurality of drain holes, the drain holes are arranged at intervals on the coaming, and the coaming is made of wood;

the foreign soil comprises a sand layer, a nutrition base layer, a clay layer and a gravel layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the foreign soil is respectively a 0.2 m thick sand layer, a 0.5 m thick nutrition base layer, a 0.5 m thick clay layer and a 0.2 m thick gravel layer from bottom to top;

the ecological restoration device further comprises a dust screen and a grid, wherein the dust screen is arranged above the gravel layer, and the grid is arranged between the gangue and the foreign soil.

2. The ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the support members include a first support member and a second support member, the first support member being disposed proximate a top of the waste side slope and the second support member being disposed distal from the waste side slope top.

3. The ecological restoration device according to claim 2, wherein the number of the supporting members is plural, one ends of the supporting members extend into the waste slope, and the other ends of the supporting members are connected with the case.

4. An ecological restoration method using the ecological restoration device as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising:

placing the supporting piece at a preset position in the gangue slope;

placing a box above the support;

the soil is placed in the box body, the lowest layer of the box body is a coal gangue layer, a grid is arranged above the coal gangue layer, a sand layer, a nutrition base layer, a clay layer and a gravel layer are sequentially placed on the grid from bottom to top, a dust screen is arranged above the gravel layer, and grass, shrubs and trees are planted on the soil.

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