CN115055516A - Ecological restoration device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration device and an ecological restoration method.

Description

Ecological restoration device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration device and method.

Background

Mining of coal resources often causes mine geological environment problems, brings certain potential safety hazards to ecological environment safety and regional biological diversity, and coal gangue serving as solid waste discharged in coal production and processing processes has serious influence on surrounding environment, has great significance on recovery of mining area ecological environment and also has certain influence on ecological restoration. In the related technology, a gangue yard design scheme and land reclamation are mostly adopted for ecological restoration, but the vegetation growth condition of the gangue side slope is poor, so that the ecological restoration effect is not ideal, and the ecological group of the vegetation on the side slope falls.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an ecological restoration device which can improve the ecological restoration effect.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an ecological restoration method.

The ecological restoration device of the embodiment of the invention comprises: the box body is provided with an accommodating cavity, wherein the accommodating cavity is suitable for accommodating alien soil for plant growth, and the box body is suitable for being arranged at a gangue side slope; the support piece, the box with support piece links to each other, support piece's one end with the box links to each other, support piece's the other end is suitable for stretching into in the waste rock side slope.

The ecological restoration device provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the ecological restoration effect.

In some embodiments, the box body comprises a surrounding plate and a fixing piece, the fixing piece is connected with one end of the surrounding plate, the other end of the surrounding plate is connected with the supporting piece, and the surrounding plate surrounds the accommodating cavity.

In some embodiments, the enclosing plate is provided with a plurality of drainage holes, and the drainage holes are arranged on the enclosing plate at intervals.

In some embodiments, the supports include a first support disposed proximate a top of the mine slope and a second support disposed distal from the top of the mine slope.

In some embodiments, the number of the supporting elements is multiple, one end of each supporting element extends into the gangue side slope, and the other end of each supporting element is connected with the box body.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further comprises a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is connected with the box body, and the other end of the connecting piece is connected with the supporting piece.

In some embodiments, the foreign soil comprises a sand layer, a nutrition base layer, a clay layer and a gravel layer which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further comprises a dust screen, and the dust screen is arranged above the gravel layer.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further comprises a grid, and the grid is arranged between the gangue and the foreign soil.

The ecological restoration method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: placing the support at a preset position in the gangue side slope; placing a box over the support; placing foreign soil in the box body, and planting grass, shrubs and trees on the foreign soil.

The ecological restoration method provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the ecological restoration effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an ecological restoration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the box body 1, the containing cavity 11, the coaming 12, the fixing piece 13, the drain hole 14,

the support member 2, the first support member 21, the second support member 22,

foreign soil 3, sand layer 31, nutrition base layer 32, clay layer 33, gravel layer 34,

a connecting piece 4, a dust screen 5, a grid 6,

plants 7, grasses 71, shrubs 72, trees 73, potential sliding layers 8, slopes 9.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the ecological restoration apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a case 1 and a support 2.

The box body 1 is provided with a containing cavity 11, wherein the containing cavity 11 is suitable for placing the foreign soil 3 for the growth of plants 7, and the box body 1 is suitable for being arranged at a gangue side slope. The box body 1 is connected with the supporting piece 2, one end of the supporting piece 2 is connected with the box body 1, and the other end of the supporting piece 2 is suitable for extending into a gangue side slope.

Specifically, the box body 1 is hollow, that is, the upper part and the lower part of the box body 1 are communicated, the support 2 is arranged at the lower end of the box body 1, the lower end of the support 2 extends into the gangue side slope and penetrates through the potential sliding layer 8, and the upper end of the support 2 is connected with the lower end of the box body 1 so as to fix the box body 1 on the gangue side slope.

Optionally, the box body 1 can be set to be a cube or a cuboid, the size of the box body 1 can be adjusted according to the space required by the root system of 7 types of plants to be planted, the length of the box body 1 is 3 meters, the width of the box body is 3 meters, the height of the box body is 2 meters, the requirement for the root system expansion of different vegetation communities can be met, new growth environment is provided for the side slope vegetation communities by placing the foreign soil 3 in the box body 1, the nutrition and the space required by the vegetation are optimized, the requirement for vegetation growth is met, namely, the high-quality growth base and the root system space required by the plant 7 are provided for the plant 7 through the foreign soil 3, and the ecological restoration effect is improved.

Optionally, the setting that the length of box 1 is 3 meters and the width is 3 meters in this embodiment sets up according to the growth size of arbor 73, and the skilled person in the art can know, the root system extension of arbor 73 is generally about two meters, all establish three meters through the length with box 1 wide, it has sufficient growth space to have ensured arbor 73, and the corresponding guest soil 3's of the expansion of box 1 size quantity also can increase, guest soil 3 can provide sufficient nutrient substance for arbor 73 grows, ensure the smooth growth of arbor 73, and then improve ecological remediation effect.

It can be understood that, the quantity of box 1 can be established to a plurality ofly, and a plurality of boxes 1 are fixed in waste rock side slope department through a plurality of support piece 2, all places in every box 1 that 3 supplies vegetation of foreign soil, and the growth through the plant 7 in a plurality of boxes 1 can form ecological community, and then improves ecological remediation effect.

The box body 1 in the embodiment of the invention is fixed at the gangue side slope through the support piece 2, the alien soil 3 is placed in the box body 1, the alien soil 3 provides nutrient substances required for high vegetation, the box body 1 provides a growth space required by the high vegetation, the vegetation community is restored, and the ecological restoration effect is further improved.

In some embodiments, the box 1 comprises a surrounding plate 12 and a fixing member 13, the fixing member 13 is connected with one end of the surrounding plate 12, the other end of the surrounding plate 12 is connected with the supporting member 2, and the surrounding plate 12 surrounds the accommodating cavity 11.

Specifically, the upper end of the enclosing plate 12 is fixed by a fixing piece 13, and the lower end of the enclosing plate 12 is connected with the support 2 to fix the enclosing plate 12 on the support 2, so that the stability of the box body 1 at the gangue side slope is improved.

For example, the fixing member 13 is a rivet, and the upper edge of the shroud 12 is fixed by the rivet, thereby improving the structural stability of the shroud 12.

For example, the material of bounding wall 12 is wood system, and wooden bounding wall 12 material environmental protection can not cause secondary pollution to the gangue side slope by moisture and soil corrosion after the waste rock side slope passes through the certain time, and the corruption of bounding wall 12 can make the soil in the bounding wall 12 and the outer soil of bounding wall 12 form integratively moreover, and then improves ecological remediation's effect.

In some embodiments, the enclosure 12 defines a plurality of drainage holes 14, and the drainage holes 14 are spaced apart from each other on the enclosure 12.

Specifically, the arrangement of the plurality of water drainage holes 14 can ensure that water in the enclosure 12 is drained out of the enclosure 12 through the water drainage holes 14 in a heavy rainfall environment, water outside the enclosure 12 can also enter the enclosure 12 through the water drainage holes 14, so that water inside and outside the enclosure 12 is exchanged, and the water exchange efficiency can be improved by setting the number of the water drainage holes 14 to be multiple.

Alternatively, the shape of the drain hole 14 may be circular, square, or trapezoidal, and in this embodiment, the shape of the drain hole 14 is circular.

Alternatively, the intervals between the plurality of drainage holes 14 can be set according to actual conditions, in this embodiment, one drainage hole 14 is arranged on the enclosing plate 12 every 0.2 meter, the drainage hole 14 is circular, the size of the drainage hole 14 is 0.05 meter, and the plurality of drainage holes 14 are arranged at intervals to meet the drainage requirement of the tank body 1.

In some embodiments, the support 2 comprises a first support 21 and a second support 22, the first support 21 being disposed adjacent the top of the mine slope and the second support 22 being disposed away from the top of the mine slope.

Specifically, the first supporting member 21 is arranged on the right side of the second supporting member 22, and the height of the first supporting member 21 is smaller than that of the second supporting member 22 so as to adapt to the gradient of the gangue slope, so that the first supporting member 21 and the second supporting member 22 provide better supporting effect for the box body 1.

It can be understood that the gangue side slope has a certain slope, and the height of the first supporting member 21 is set to be smaller than that of the second supporting member 22, so that the upper ends of the first and second supporting members 21 and 22 can be located at the same horizontal height, which facilitates the connection of the first and second supporting members 21 and 22 with the box body 1.

The height difference between the first support 21 and the second support 22 can be adjusted according to the position of the potential sliding layer 8 of the gangue side slope, when the slope is larger, the height difference between the first support 21 and the second support 22 is increased, and when the slope is smaller, the height difference between the first support and the second support 22 is reduced, so that the gangue slope is more adaptive.

Alternatively, when the case 1 is located on a flat ground, the height of the first support 21 and the height of the second support 22 may be set to the case 1 to accommodate different terrain environments.

For example, the support 2 is a micropile, the first support 21 is a micropile stub, the second support 22 is a micropile stub, the micropile is a precast pile, and the precast pile is implanted into the gangue side slope, so that the fracture shearing force of the gangue side slope can be borne, the stability of the gangue side slope is improved, and the stability of the box body 1 on the gangue side slope is further improved.

Optionally, through the differentiated arrangement of the long micro-pile and the short micro-pile, the consumption of pile body materials can be reduced while the gangue slope is reinforced, and then the cost of the pile foundation is reduced.

For example, the radius of precast pile can be adjusted according to the stability of the waste rock side slope of actual adaptation, the shape of precast pile can adopt circularly, also can adopt squarely, and the precast pile adopts circular precast pile in this embodiment, and the radius of circular precast pile is 0.15 meters, and the pile length of circular precast pile is confirmed according to the latent sliding layer 8 on waste rock side slope to make the precast pile pass latent sliding layer 8, improve the anti-skidding and anti-shear property of precast pile.

In some embodiments, the number of the supporting members 2 is set to be a plurality, one end of each supporting member 2 extends into the gangue side slope, and the other end of each supporting member 2 is connected with the box body 1.

Optionally, the setting of a plurality of support piece 2 can improve the stability of waste rock side slope, and when the stability of waste rock side slope was relatively poor, can consolidate the waste rock side slope through setting up a plurality of support piece 2, and a plurality of support piece 2 can also play better supporting role to box 1 in addition, and when box 1's size set up great, can be through increasing the quantity of support piece 2 in order to improve the stable supporting role of support piece 2 to box 1.

It will be understood that the lower ends of the plurality of supports 2 pass through the potential sliding layer 8 and the upper ends of the plurality of supports are connected to the box 1 to ensure the fixing of the box 1 at the side slope.

For example, the number of the supporting members 2 may be two, four, six, or eight, the upper ends of the supporting members 2 are connected to the lower end of the box 1, so as to improve the supporting stability of the supporting members 2 to the box 1, in this embodiment, the number of the supporting members 2 is four, and the four supporting members 2 are respectively located at four corners of the box 1.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration apparatus further comprises a connection member 4, one end of the connection member 4 is connected to the case 1, and the other end of the connection member 4 is connected to the support member 2.

Optionally, the connection between the box body 1 and the supporting member 2 can be firmer through the arrangement of the connecting member 4, so that the stable supporting effect of the supporting member 2 on the box body 1 is improved.

For example, the connecting piece 4 is a ring beam, the size of the ring beam is matched with the lower end face of the box body 1, so that the box body 1 can be stably connected with the connecting piece 4, the ring beam is cast above the precast pile in situ, the box body 1 is vertically fixed on the precast pile, the box body 1 and the precast pile are integrated, and the stability of the box body 1 in the severe environments of precipitation and earthquakes is improved.

For example, the cross-sectional dimension of the ring beam is 0.1 × 0.1 m.

For example, the ring beam is plain concrete.

In some embodiments, the foreign soil 3 includes a sand layer 31, a nutrient substrate 32, a clay layer 33, and a gravel layer 34 arranged in this order from bottom to top.

Optionally, by vertically arranging 3 different soil dressing layers in the box body 1, the soil dressing layers 3 are respectively a sand soil layer 31 with the thickness of 0.2 meter, a nutrition base layer 32 with the thickness of 0.5 meter, a clay layer 33 with the thickness of 0.5 meter and a gravel layer 34 with the thickness of 0.2 meter from bottom to top, and by replacement of the 3 different soil dressing layers, a new growth base layer is provided for a side slope vegetation community, so that the nutrition and space required by vegetation are optimized, and the demand of vegetation growth is met.

It can be understood that the lower end and the upper end of the box body 1 are arranged in a penetrating way, namely, the lowest layer in the box body 1 is a side slope 9.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration device further comprises a dust screen 5, and the dust screen 5 is disposed above the gravel layer 34.

Optionally, the dust screen 5 is arranged above the box body 1, that is, the dust screen 5 is arranged above the gravel layer 34, so that the loss of soil on the inner surface layer of the box body 1 in a dust environment is reduced.

For example, grass 71, shrubs 72, and trees 73 are planted on different soil surfaces in the housing 1.

In some embodiments, the ecological restoration apparatus further comprises a grid 6, and the grid 6 is arranged between the gangue and the foreign soil 3.

Optionally, the grid 6 is arranged between the foreign soil 3 and the gangue, so that the exchange of harmful substances between the gangue layer and the foreign soil 3 is reduced to a certain extent, a relatively closed environment is created in space, the contact between the gangue and oxygen is avoided, and the spontaneous combustion probability of the coal gangue dump is further reduced.

For example, the grid 6 is a geogrid.

The ecological restoration method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: and placing the support at a preset position in the gangue side slope. The box is placed over the support. Soil is placed in the box body, and grass, shrubs and trees are planted on the soil.

Specifically, the step of placing the support piece at the preset position in the gangue side slope comprises the step of placing the first support piece and the second support piece at the preset position of the gangue side slope respectively, and the lower ends of the first support piece and the second support piece penetrate through the potential sliding layers respectively in a mode of implanting the precast pile, so that the first support piece and the second support piece can bear the shearing force of the slope body, and the first support piece and the second support piece can reinforce the gangue side slope to a certain degree.

It can be understood that need clear up the waste rock side slope before the precast pile is implanted, implants the precast pile in waste rock side slope design position, generally implants the precast pile into the degree of depth of three meters below the waste rock side slope and can pass potential sliding layer, can carry out different degree of depth adjustment settings according to the different positions of waste rock side slope, ensures the stability of first support piece and second support piece in the waste rock side slope.

Optionally, after the precast pile is implanted, the pile head is cut to the designed elevation according to the design requirement, when the precast pile is located at the same horizontal plane, a ring beam is cast in situ on the pile foundation, the ring beam is made of plain concrete, the ring beam is cast in situ at the upper end of the precast pile, and the box body is placed above the ring beam to enable the box body and the precast pile to be integrated, and the pile and the box are integrally arranged, so that the stability of the box body on the gangue side slope can be ensured.

Optionally, the foreign soil is placed in the box body, the lowest layer of the box body is a coal gangue layer, a grid is arranged above the coal gangue layer, a sand layer, a nutrition base layer, a clay layer and a gravel layer are sequentially placed on the grid from bottom to top, and a dust screen is arranged above the gravel layer to provide a growth environment and a growth space for the growth of plants.

Optionally, a grass plant growing area, a shrub growing area and an arbor growing area are planned on different soil surface layers, growing spaces are provided for different ecological communities, different grass plants, shrubs and arbors are selected for planting according to the greenbelt conditions of the gangue side slope, and the spaces in the box body are reasonably arranged and distributed according to the types of the selected different grass plants, shrubs and arbors.

Optionally, through the planting of grass, shrubs and trees, the slope body slip can be reduced, and then the risk that the gangue side slope landslide occurs is reduced.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the box body and the precast pile are arranged into an integral structure through the ring beam on the gangue side slope, and the different substrate growth units are vertically arranged in the box body, so that the space and the nutrient growth substrate required by the growth of high and large vegetation are formed in the box body, and the ecological restoration effect is improved.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the box body is arranged on the coal gangue side slope for soil replacement, so that the growth environment of the plant root system is optimized, and the ecological restoration effect is optimized.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological restoration device, comprising:

the box body is provided with an accommodating cavity, wherein the accommodating cavity is suitable for accommodating alien soil for plant growth, and the box body is suitable for being arranged at a gangue side slope;

the support piece, the box with support piece links to each other, support piece's one end with the box links to each other, support piece's the other end is suitable for stretching into in the waste rock side slope.

2. The ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the box body comprises a surrounding plate and a fixing member, the fixing member is connected with one end of the surrounding plate, the other end of the surrounding plate is connected with the supporting member, and the surrounding plate surrounds the accommodating cavity.

3. The ecological restoration device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of drainage holes are formed on the enclosing plate, and the drainage holes are arranged on the enclosing plate at intervals.

4. The ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the support member comprises a first support member and a second support member, the first support member is arranged near the top of the gangue side slope, and the second support member is arranged far away from the top of the gangue side slope.

5. The ecological restoration device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the supporting members is multiple, one end of each of the supporting members extends into the gangue side slope, and the other end of each of the supporting members is connected with the box body.

6. The ecological restoration device according to claim 5, further comprising a connector, wherein one end of the connector is connected to the box body, and the other end of the connector is connected to the support member.

7. The ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the foreign soil comprises a sand layer, a nutrition base layer, a clay layer and a gravel layer which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence.

8. The ecological restoration device according to claim 7, further comprising a dust screen disposed above the gravel layer.

9. The ecological restoration device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a grid provided between the gangue and the foreign soil.

10. An ecological restoration method, comprising:

placing the support at a preset position in the gangue side slope;

placing a box over the support;

placing foreign soil in the box body, and planting grass, shrubs and trees on the foreign soil.

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