CN115053908B - 吡咯-2-甲醛在防治植物根结线虫中的应用 - Google Patents

吡咯-2-甲醛在防治植物根结线虫中的应用 Download PDF

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CN115053908B
CN115053908B CN202210540356.9A CN202210540356A CN115053908B CN 115053908 B CN115053908 B CN 115053908B CN 202210540356 A CN202210540356 A CN 202210540356A CN 115053908 B CN115053908 B CN 115053908B
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赵沛基
包正雪
李国红
莫明和
张克勤
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract

本发明属于农业病虫害防治技术领域,具体涉及吡咯‑2‑甲醛在防治植物根结线虫中的应用。吡咯‑2‑甲醛以及其农药学上可接受的盐对根结线虫有强毒杀活性。与其他杀虫剂相比,吡咯‑2‑甲醛具高效、低毒及低残留的优势,与环境相容性更好,符合绿色植保和可持续农业生产和发展的需要。

Description

吡咯-2-甲醛在防治植物根结线虫中的应用
技术领域
本发明属于农业病虫害防治技术领域,具体涉及吡咯-2-甲醛在防治植物根结线虫中的应用。
背景技术
常见的植物病原线虫中,根结线虫属(Meloidogyne)对植物的危害位列首位,其中四种根结线虫南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、花生根结线虫(Meloidogynearenaria)、北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)较为常见。目前对线虫的防治仍然以化学防治为主,但由于化学杀线虫剂多数是高毒、高残留农药,对人蓄和环境造成严重的威胁。有的化学杀线虫剂,如用作土壤熏蒸剂的溴甲烷类等,已经在全球多数国家禁止使用或已经规定了使用的最后期限。随着人们环境意识的增强,化学杀线剂的应用受到限制,因此对根结线虫的生防研究自然成为重点和焦点问题。在线虫的生防研究中,目前已有直接利用菌体的第一代商品生防剂问世,并已有相当范围的大田应用。由于这一代产品是活菌体,土壤存在着不同程度的抑菌作用,导致在不同国家不同土壤中效果不稳定性。这是活体生防制剂的共同通病,为克服这一难题,人们更加关注线虫生防第二代产品的开发,即菌株次生代谢产物的研究与开发。
吡咯-2-甲醛又名2-醛基吡咯(2-Pyrrolecarbaldehyde或1H-Pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde或2- Formyl-1H-pyrrole)是药物有机合成的前体;在食品工业中可用调味剂,但未见2-醛基吡咯有关杀线虫活性以及用于制备杀线虫制剂应用的公开文献报道。
发明内容
本发明主要目的在于提供吡咯-2-甲醛在防治植物根结线虫中的应用。本发明首次发现吡咯-2-甲醛具有毒杀根结线虫的作用,且效果显著。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明提供吡咯-2-甲醛和/或其农药学上可接受的盐在防治植物根结线虫中的应用。吡咯-2-甲醛以及其农药学上可接受的盐对根结线虫有强毒杀活性。
所述植物根结线虫包括但不仅限于南方根结线虫、北方根结线虫、瓜哇根结线虫或花生根结线虫。
本发明还提供一种防治植物根结线虫的组合物,所述组合物包括吡咯-2-甲醛和/或其农药学上可接受的盐。
进一步地,所述组合物还包括脂肪醇和水。
进一步地,吡咯-2-甲醛和/或其农药学上可接受的盐质量浓度≥30μg/ml;脂肪醇质量浓度≤5%。
进一步地,所述脂肪醇包括但不仅限于甲醇、乙醇和丙醇。
本发明还提供以上所述的组合物在制备防治植物根结线虫杀虫剂中的应用。
进一步地,所述杀虫剂的剂型包括水剂、水乳剂、可湿性粉剂、可溶性粉剂、可溶粒剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、片剂和泡腾颗粒剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优势:
本发明首次发现吡咯-2-甲醛以及其农药学上可接受的盐对根结线虫有较强的毒杀活性,在24小时对南方根结线虫的半数致死量LC50浓度为84.725μg/ml,在48小时对南方根结线虫的半数致死量LC50浓度为30.733μg/ml。
吡咯-2-甲醛来源于微生物和植物中,同时也为常见的工业原料,在环境中易于降解,因此与其他根结线虫杀虫剂相比,具高效、低毒及低残留的优势,与环境相容性更好,符合绿色植保和可持续农业生产和发展的需要。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是示例性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”、“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作以及它们的组合。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本发明的技术方案,以下将结合具体的实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
1、样品制备
将0.5mg-1.5mg的吡咯-2-甲醛溶于甲醇,用无菌蒸馏水稀释后作为供试药液。各药液稀释浓度分别为:12.5μg/ml、25μg/ml、50μg/ml、100μg/ml、200μg/ml、400μg/ml,各药液中甲醇的质量浓度为5%。含5%甲醇的水做空白对照。
2、制备试验用线虫
将有南方根结线虫的感病番茄根用水洗净,解剖针挑取根结线虫的卵囊置于0.4M的 KCl溶液中,在5ml离心管中依次用4ml无菌水(三次)、1ml无菌青-链霉素双抗溶液、 3ml0.1%的NaClO溶液洗涤和消毒,每一步骤均通过短暂离心(8000转30秒)除去上清液。洗涤好的虫卵置于0.4M的ZnCl2溶液中孵化48小时,二龄幼虫用移液器收集于1.5 ml离心管,通过短暂离心(5000转30秒)富集备用。
此外,还制备了北方根结线虫、瓜哇根结线虫、花生根结线虫等试验用线虫。
3、试验方法
取以上供试药液200μl于20孔板中,加入活线虫100-150条,置于25℃下,分别于12小时、24小时、48小时在光学显微镜下检查计算线虫的死亡率。鉴定死亡的方法为:在处理板孔中加入1-5滴5%NaCl溶液,2分钟后观察,死虫僵直,用针刺激无反应,活虫则卷曲或扭动。
以未加样品的测试溶液为对照,整个实验重复三次,取三次平均值,计算出校正死亡率。
死亡率%=(死亡线虫数/(死亡线虫数+存活线虫数))×100%
校正死亡率%=样品死亡率–对照死亡率
4、实验结果
吡咯-2-甲醛对南方根结线虫的毒杀效果如下表1、表2所示:
表1.吡咯-2-甲醛对南方根结线虫的毒杀结果(%)
Figure BDA0003647923650000031
表2.吡咯-2-甲醛对南方根结线虫的毒力测定运算结果
Figure BDA0003647923650000032
结果表明:吡咯-2-甲醛在24小时对南方根结线虫的半数致死量LC50浓度为84.725μg/ml;在48小时对南方根结线虫的半数致死量LC50浓度为30.733μg/ml。
吡咯-2-甲醛在48小时对北方根结线虫、瓜哇根结线虫、花生根结线虫的半数致死量 LC50浓度分别为31.635μg/ml、33.589μg/ml、30.967μg/ml。可见,吡咯-2-甲醛对植物根结线虫有很强的毒杀作用。
实施例2
一种防治植物根结线虫的组合物,所述组合物包括吡咯-2-甲醛30μg/ml、质量浓度为 3%的乙醇,溶剂为水。
所述组合物可与其它农药常规辅剂制成水剂、水乳剂型杀虫剂。
实施例3
一种防治植物根结线虫的组合物,所述组合物包括4-溴吡咯-2-甲醛30μg/ml、质量浓度为3%的乙醇,溶剂为水。
所述组合物可与其它农药常规辅剂制成水剂、水乳剂型杀虫剂。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.吡咯-2-甲醛和/或其农药学上可接受的盐在防治植物根结线虫中的应用。
2.一种防治植物根结线虫的组合物,其特征在于,包括吡咯-2-甲醛和/或其农药学上可接受的盐。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防治植物根结线虫的组合物,其特征在于,还包括脂肪醇和水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的防治植物根结线虫的组合物,其特征在于,吡咯-2-甲醛和/或其农药学上可接受的盐质量浓度≥30μg/ml;脂肪醇质量浓度≤5%。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的防治植物根结线虫的组合物,其特征在于,所述脂肪醇包括甲醇、乙醇和丙醇。
6.权利要求2-5任一项所述的组合物在制备防治植物根结线虫杀虫剂中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述杀虫剂的剂型包括水剂、水乳剂、可湿性粉剂、可溶性粉剂、可溶粒剂、悬浮剂、片剂和泡腾颗粒剂。
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Citations (3)

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CN101492444A (zh) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-29 华东理工大学 具有杀虫活性的含氮杂环化合物、其制备及用途
CN111226935A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-05 赵沛基 一种含呋喃类化合物的杀虫剂及其应用
CN111727970A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2020-10-02 赵沛基 一种含呋喃类化合物的杀虫剂及其应用

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张守仁,薛玲,於毓文,赵德育,阎香珍,崔勤.吡咯-2-甲醛缩N~4-(4-甲氧基苯基)氨脲亚急性毒性的种属差异.中国医学科学院学报.1990,(06),全文. *

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