CN115053853B - Novel efficient ecological floating aquatic offspring seed running water cultivation system - Google Patents
Novel efficient ecological floating aquatic offspring seed running water cultivation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115053853B CN115053853B CN202210671941.2A CN202210671941A CN115053853B CN 115053853 B CN115053853 B CN 115053853B CN 202210671941 A CN202210671941 A CN 202210671941A CN 115053853 B CN115053853 B CN 115053853B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
- A01K61/85—Feeding devices for use with aquaria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
- B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic offspring seed running water cultivation system, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The invention comprises a culture pond, a biochemical purification pond and a sedimentation treatment pond, wherein the culture tank comprises a plurality of culture spaces for culturing fish fries, so that the fish fries can be intensively domesticated and cultured in the culture spaces with proper space sizes, and the management and feeding are easier; the water pushing and oxygenation unit can realize water exchange in the culture tank on one hand, and can enable seedlings to be in a motion state on the other hand, so that the survival rate is improved; the sewage collecting unit is used for sucking feed residues and fish fry excrement generated in the culture tank into the sedimentation treatment pond, and water flow of the sedimentation treatment pond flows back to the culture pond through the biochemical purification pond to form water flow circulation, so that ecological purification and circulation treatment of the culture water flow is realized, and sustainable culture is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic offspring seed running water cultivation system.
Background
With the increasing exhaustion of wild fishery resources and the rapid development of inland freshwater pond culture in China, high-density discharge is a main culture mode of the current pond, however, due to crowded movable space and small range of cultured fishes, swimming motion is reduced, so that the quality of commercial fishes is seriously reduced, and in particular, the standard and rough culture stage of fish fries is realized. The stage generally refers to the production process of raising the water bloom in the culture pond for about 40-60 days to grow large-specification fish seeds with the length of more than 5 cm. As the water flower seedlings are tender, have weak ingestion capability, poor environment adaptation capability and generally have about 20 percent of survival rate, and cause larger economic loss. Therefore, the fry cultivation is the first key link of successful pond cultivation.
Along with the increasing prominence of the cultivation problem, the ecological cultivation mode of cultivating fish in running water, which not only can improve the fishery yield but also can improve the muscle nutrition quality, is attracting more and more attention. A large number of researches also show that proper swimming exercise training can enhance cardiovascular function, promote fish growth, improve physiological metabolism function of the fish, increase fish growth rate, reduce mutual attack frequency of fingerling stages, and greatly reduce the probability of self-phase killing, thereby increasing survival rate and economic benefit. Thus, a new farming system is needed to achieve the above-described fish farming efficiencies.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system for solving the problems in the background art.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system, comprising:
the ecological sewage treatment device comprises an aquaculture pond, a biochemical purification pond and a sedimentation treatment pond, wherein the aquaculture pond, the biochemical purification pond and the sedimentation treatment pond are sequentially communicated through an ecological ditch;
the cultivation pond is internally provided with a cultivation groove, a feeding unit, a water pushing and oxygenation unit and a sewage collecting unit;
the two ends of the culture tank in the length direction are respectively provided with a water inlet screen and a water outlet screen, the bottoms of the culture tank are provided with a blanking screen, the culture tank is provided with a plurality of runway-type culture spaces in the width direction, the culture spaces are isolated by baffles, the culture spaces can be used for culturing fish fries, the circumferential direction of the culture tank is provided with a floating piece, and the floating piece can enable the culture tank to float on the water surface of the culture pond;
the water pushing and oxygenation unit is arranged at the water inlet and is used for pushing water in the culture tank and improving the oxygen content of water quality;
the feeding unit can be used for alternately feeding the fries in the cultivation spaces with feed;
the sewage collecting unit is arranged at the bottom of the culture tank and is used for sucking sewage generated in the culture tank into the sedimentation treatment pond, the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with a first filtering unit and a second filtering unit, and water flow of the sedimentation treatment pond flows back to the culture pond after passing through the biochemical purification pond to form water flow circulation.
Optionally, the water pushing and oxygenation unit comprises a frame body, an oxygenation pump, an oxygen delivery pipe and a nanometer oxygenation disk,
the frame body is fixed on the edge of the culture tank, the oxygenation pump is arranged on the frame body, and the nano oxygenation disc is arranged on the water inlet screen corresponding to the water inlet;
a guide plate is arranged in the culture tank, and the guide plate is arranged at the section of the culture tank and is close to the nano oxygenation disk;
the top opening part of the culture tank is rotatably provided with a nylon screen plate, and the nylon screen plate can be used for protecting the culture tank.
Optionally, the feeding unit comprises a bracket, a stirring mechanism and a conveying mechanism,
the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring barrel, a stirring motor and a stirring shaft, wherein a feed inlet and a feed outlet are formed in the stirring barrel, feed can be added into the stirring barrel from the feed inlet, the stirring motor is arranged at the top of the stirring barrel, the stirring shaft is arranged in the stirring barrel, and the stirring shaft penetrates through the top wall of the stirring barrel and is connected with an output shaft of the stirring motor;
the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying slideway and a rotating assembly, the conveying slideway is obliquely arranged relative to a horizontal plane, two ends of the conveying slideway are respectively provided with a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end can be used for receiving mixed feed falling out of the discharging opening, the feed can fall into the culture tank from the discharging end, and the rotating assembly can drive the conveying slideway.
Optionally, the stirring shaft is provided with a helical blade along the length direction;
the rotating component comprises a rotating rod, a first gear, a second gear and a rotating motor,
one end of the rotating rod is installed at the bottom of the feeding end corresponding to the feeding slideway, the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably installed on the support, the first gear is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod, the rotating motor is installed on the support, the second gear is installed on an output shaft of the rotating motor, the first gear is matched with the second gear, and when feeding is needed, the rotating motor drives the rotating assembly to drive the feeding slideway to rotate so that the discharging end is located above each cultivation space.
Optionally, the sewage collecting unit comprises a sewage collecting tank, a sewage drain pipe and a sewage drain pump,
the sewage collecting tank is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is used for receiving the scraps, the feces and the like falling in the culturing tank, one end of the sewage discharging pipeline is communicated with the bottom of the sewage collecting tank, the other end of the sewage discharging pipeline is communicated with the sedimentation treatment pond, and the sewage discharging pump can feed sewage into the sedimentation treatment pond through the sewage discharging pipeline.
Optionally, a vortex device is arranged at the opening of the sewage collecting tank communicated with the sewage collecting pipe,
the vortex device comprises a bearing, an assembly barrel, blades and an installation frame, wherein the assembly barrel is installed at an opening of the sewage collecting tank communicated with the sewage collecting pipe, an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the assembly barrel through a bracket, and the blades are uniformly installed on the outer side of an outer ring of the bearing.
Optionally, the first filter unit comprises a filter assembly, a drawing assembly and a driving assembly,
the filtering assembly comprises a connecting shaft sleeve, two connecting rods and two filtering pieces, wherein the two filtering pieces are respectively fixed on the side walls of the connecting shaft sleeve in opposite directions through the connecting rods, one side of each filtering piece is provided with an opening, the other side of each filtering piece is provided with a filter screen, the inside of each filtering piece is of a hollow structure, the position, close to the opening, of the inner cavity wall of each filtering piece is of an arc-shaped structure, the bending direction of the arc-shaped structure is far away from the opening, and the outlet end of each sewage discharge pipeline can be communicated with the opening of the filtering piece, close to the bottom of the sedimentation treatment pond;
the extraction assembly is arranged above the sedimentation treatment pond, the extraction assembly comprises an extraction pump, an extraction pipeline and a suction nozzle, one end of the extraction pipeline is connected with the extraction pump, the other end of the extraction pipeline is communicated with the suction nozzle, and the suction nozzle can be communicated with an opening of the filter element close to the upper part of the sedimentation treatment pond;
the driving assembly comprises a driving shaft, a telescopic cylinder, a direction-adjusting motor, a third gear and a fourth gear, one end of the driving shaft is matched with the connecting shaft sleeve, the other end of the driving shaft is connected with the telescopic cylinder, a spline shaft section is arranged on the driving shaft and matched with the spline shaft sleeve, the third gear is installed on the circumferential side wall of the spline shaft sleeve, the fourth gear is installed on an output shaft of the direction-adjusting motor, and the third gear is matched with the fourth gear.
Optionally, the second filtering unit comprises a lifting assembly, a hanging rod and a plurality of biological brushes,
the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with lifting assemblies on opposite sides of the pond, each lifting assembly comprises a fixing pile, a sliding block and a lifting motor, each fixing pile is vertically arranged on the side of the pond, each fixing pile is provided with a sliding rail in the length direction, each lifting motor can drive the corresponding sliding block to vertically lift and move on each sliding rail, two ends of each hanging rod are respectively connected with the corresponding sliding blocks in the lifting assemblies on the two sides of the pond, each lifting assembly can drive the hanging rods to lift, each biological brush comprises a brush shaft and a brush head, the brush heads are distributed on the outer surface of each brush shaft, and one end of each biological brush is fixed on each hanging rod.
Optionally, the second filter unit further comprises a linear motion assembly and a cleaning assembly,
the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with linear motion assemblies on two opposite sides of the pond, the linear motion assemblies are positioned on the inner sides of the lifting assemblies close to the sedimentation treatment pond, the linear motion assemblies comprise linear motors, guide rails and sliding pieces, the linear motors can drive the sliding pieces to slide on the guide rails, and the sliding direction of the sliding pieces is vertical to the sliding lifting direction of the sliding pieces;
the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning plate and a lower sewage tank, the cleaning plate is obliquely arranged on one side of the lower sewage tank, two ends of the lower sewage tank are respectively arranged on the sliding pieces on two sides of the sedimentation treatment pond, two ends of the lower sewage tank are provided with openings, cleaning holes are formed in the surface of the cleaning plate along the length direction, and the diameter of the vertical projection of each cleaning hole is between the diameter of the biological brush and the diameter of the brush shaft;
the two sides of the sedimentation treatment pond are provided with vegetable cultivation ponds, and openings at two ends of the sewage tank are positioned above the vegetable cultivation ponds.
Optionally, the biochemical purification pond is positioned between the sedimentation treatment pond and the culture pond,
emergent aquatic plants are planted on the bank side of the biochemical purification pond, submerged plants are planted in a shallow water area of the biochemical purification pond, and an ecological floating island is placed in a deep water area of the biochemical purification pond;
porous adsorption particles are paved at the bottom of the biochemical purification pond, and the adsorption particles are volcanic stones or ceramsite and the like.
As described above, the novel efficient ecological floating aquatic offspring seed running water cultivation system has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic offspring seed running water cultivation system which can be applied to aquaculture activities. The invention comprises a culture pond, a biochemical purification pond and a sedimentation treatment pond, wherein a culture tank special for fish culture is arranged in the culture pond, the culture tank also comprises a plurality of culture spaces for fish fry culture, the fish fry can be intensively domesticated and cultured in the culture spaces with proper space size, the management and the feeding are easier, and a floating piece is arranged in the circumferential direction of the culture tank, so that the culture tank floats on the water surface for carrying out the culture management, and the culture tank is convenient to move and convenient to install and is suitable for the region with water depth; the water pushing and oxygenation unit can realize the exchange of water bodies in the culture tank, keep the oxygen content of water flow in the pond at any time, and can enable the seedlings to be in a motion state, exercise physique and strengthen immunity; the sewage collecting unit is used for sucking feed residues and fish fry excrement generated in the culture tank into the sedimentation treatment pond, and water flow of the sedimentation treatment pond flows back to the culture pond through the biochemical purification pond to form water flow circulation, so that ecological purification circulation treatment of the culture water flow is realized, sustainable culture is met, and easy regulation and control of water quality are realized;
the stirring mechanism arranged on the feeding unit can uniformly mix feed, the conveying mechanism drives the feed conveying slideway to rotate through the rotating component so as to feed each cultivation space in the cultivation groove, automatic feeding of fries is realized, and manual labor is reduced;
the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with a first filtering unit and a second filtering unit, wherein the first filtering unit drives the filtering assembly to rotate through the driving assembly to realize preliminary filtration of sewage sent to the sedimentation treatment pond by the sewage discharge pipeline, the second filtering unit realizes further adsorption and filtration treatment of sewage through the lifting assembly and the biological brush, and meanwhile, after the sewage is cleaned through the cleaning assembly, the cleaning of the biological brush is realized, and the cleaned sewage and sewage can be pumped and discharged into the vegetable cultivation pond through the sewage discharging groove, so that the recycling of solid waste is completed, the cost is saved, and the environment is protected;
the biochemical purification pond can carry out ecological treatment on the water quality treated by the sedimentation treatment pond, and the water flowing back to the culture pond can reach the feeding level again, so that a closed loop for ecological fish culture is finally formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall arrangement of a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a culture tank in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation of the sewage collecting unit and the culture tank in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the feeding unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first filter unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a filter assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the bio-brush in the second filter unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the overall arrangement of a second filter unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cleaning assembly according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 9. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes, which are otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
The following examples are given by way of illustration only. Various embodiments may be combined and are not limited to only what is presented in the following single embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the invention provides a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system, which comprises an cultivation pond, a biochemical purification pond and a sedimentation treatment pond, wherein the cultivation pond, the biochemical purification pond and the sedimentation treatment pond are sequentially communicated through an ecological ditch; the cultivation pond is internally provided with a cultivation groove 1, a feeding unit 2, a water pushing and oxygenation unit 3 and a sewage collecting unit 4; the two ends of the culture tank 1 along the length direction are respectively provided with a water inlet screen 11 and a water outlet screen 12, the bottom of the culture tank 1 is provided with a blanking screen 13, the culture tank 1 is provided with a plurality of runway-type culture spaces 14 along the width direction, the culture spaces 14 are separated by baffle plates 15, the culture spaces 14 can be used for culturing fish fries, the circumferential direction of the culture tank 1 is provided with floating pieces 16, and the floating pieces 16 can enable the culture tank 1 to float on the water surface of a culture pond; the water pushing and oxygenation unit 3 is arranged at the water inlet, and the water pushing and oxygenation unit 3 is used for pushing water in the culture tank 1 and improving the oxygen content of water quality; the feeding unit 2 can be used for alternately feeding the fries in the cultivation spaces 14; the sewage collecting unit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture tank 1, the sewage collecting unit 4 is used for sucking sewage generated in the culture tank 1 into the sedimentation treatment pond, the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with a first filtering unit 5 and a second filtering unit 6, and water flow of the sedimentation treatment pond flows back to the culture pond after passing through the biochemical purification pond to form water flow circulation. The invention comprises a culture pond, a biochemical purification pond and a sedimentation treatment pond, wherein a culture tank 1 special for fish culture is arranged in the culture pond, and the culture tank 1 also comprises a plurality of culture spaces 14 for fish fry culture, so that the fish fry can be intensively domesticated and cultured in the culture spaces with proper space size, and the fish fry can be managed and fed more easily; a floating piece 16 is further arranged in the circumferential direction of the culture tank 1, optionally, the floating piece 16 can be hollow PVC pipes, the floating piece 16 is circumferentially arranged in the circumferential direction of the culture tank 1, so that the floating piece can float on pool water, the culture tank 1 can float on the water surface for feeding management, and the floating piece is convenient to move and install and is suitable for areas with water depths; the water pushing and oxygenation unit 3 can realize the exchange of water bodies in the culture tank 1, keep the oxygen content of water flow in the pond at any time, and can enable seedlings to be in a motion state, exercise physique and strengthen immunity; the sewage collecting unit 4 is used for sucking feed residues and fish fry excrement generated in the culture tank 1 into the sedimentation treatment pond, and water flow of the sedimentation treatment pond flows back to the culture pond through the biochemical purification pond to form water flow circulation, so that ecological purification circulation treatment of the culture water flow is realized, sustainable culture is met, and easy regulation and control operation of water quality is realized.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the water-pushing oxygenation unit 3 includes a frame 31, an oxygenation pump 32, an oxygen-delivering tube 33 and a nano oxygenation disc 34, the frame 31 is fixed on the edge of the culture tank 1, the oxygenation pump 32 is mounted on the frame 31, and the nano oxygenation disc 34 is mounted on the water inlet screen 11 corresponding to the water inlet; optionally, each cultivation space 14 is configured with two nano oxygenation discs 34, which can ensure that the oxygen content in each cultivation space 14 is sufficient, and ensure that the motion state of the fish fry in the groove of the cultivation groove 1 is kept optimal, the quality after the cultivation groove 1 is better, a deflector 35 is arranged in the cultivation groove 1, and the deflector 35 is arranged at the section of the cultivation groove 1 and is close to the nano oxygenation discs 34; a nylon net plate 36 is rotatably arranged at the opening of the top of the culture tank 1, and the nylon net plate 36 can be used for protecting the culture tank 1. Optionally, the deflector 35 is provided with deflector holes, the diameter of the deflector holes is half of the diameter of the water inlet screen 11, the number density of the deflector holes is twice of that of the water inlet screen 11, so that the deflector water outlet of the deflector 35 is more uniform, and the flow pushing force and oxygenation effect are better; the nylon net plate 36 can prevent birds from predating, and can protect fish fries in the culture tank 1.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the feeding unit 2 includes a support 21, a stirring mechanism and a conveying mechanism, the stirring mechanism includes a stirring barrel 22, a stirring motor 23 and a stirring shaft 24, a feeding port 221 and a discharging port 222 are provided on the stirring barrel 22, the fodder can be added into the stirring barrel 22 from the feeding port 221, the stirring motor 23 is installed at the top of the stirring barrel 22, the stirring shaft 24 is disposed in the stirring barrel 22, and the stirring shaft 24 passes through the top wall of the stirring barrel 22 and is connected with the output shaft of the stirring motor 23; the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying slideway 25 and a rotating assembly, the conveying slideway 25 is obliquely arranged relative to a horizontal plane, two ends of the conveying slideway 25 are a feeding end and a discharging end respectively, the feeding end can be used for receiving mixed feed falling out of the discharging opening 222, the feed can fall into the culture tank 1 from the discharging end, and the rotating assembly can drive the conveying slideway 25. The feed required for feeding the fish is generally made of various materials, and the invention can realize uniform mixing of the feed by the stirring mechanism in the feeding unit 2, thereby reducing the operation labor amount of manual mixing. The stirring shaft 24 is provided with the spiral blades 241 along the length direction, so that the feed can be mixed more uniformly; the rotating assembly comprises a rotating rod 26, a first gear 27, a second gear 28 and a rotating motor 29, one end of the rotating rod 26 is installed at the bottom of the feeding end corresponding to the feeding slideway 25, the other end of the rotating rod 26 is rotatably installed on the support 21, the first gear 27 is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod 26, the rotating motor 29 is installed on the support 21, the second gear 28 is installed on an output shaft of the rotating motor 29, the first gear 27 is matched with the second gear 28, and when the feeding is needed, the rotating motor 29 drives the rotating assembly to drive the feeding slideway 25 to rotate so that the discharging end is located above each cultivation space 14. The rotating rod 26 is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding end corresponding to the feeding slide 25, so that the feeding slide 25 rotates by taking a vertical line of the feeding end as an axis, thus not only realizing feeding of different cultivation spaces 14 by angle change of the discharging end, but also ensuring that the feeding end is always correspondingly kept at the discharging hole 222 corresponding to the stirring barrel 22, and ensuring continuity of feeding process.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the sewage collecting unit 4 includes a sewage collecting tank 41, a sewage drain pipe 42 and a sewage drain pump 43, where the sewage collecting tank 41 has a tapered structure with a large top and a small bottom, the sewage collecting tank 41 is disposed at the bottom of the culture tank 1 and is used for receiving the residue and the feces falling in the culture tank 1, one end of the sewage drain pipe 42 is communicated with the bottom of the sewage collecting tank 41, the other end of the sewage drain pipe 42 is communicated with a sedimentation pond, the sewage drain pump 43 can send sewage into the sedimentation pond through the sewage drain pipe 42, a swirler 44 is disposed at an opening of the sewage collecting tank 41, which is communicated with the sewage collecting pipe, the swirler 44 includes a bearing, an assembly cylinder, blades and a mounting frame, the assembly cylinder is mounted at the opening of the sewage collecting tank 41, the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the assembly cylinder through the bracket 21, and the blades are uniformly mounted at the outer side of the outer ring of the bearing. The sewage collecting tank 41 is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the vortex effect of vortex can be formed in the water pumping process by the aid of the vortex device 44, the sludge and sewage generated in the production of the culture tank 1 can be extracted thoroughly more fully, and the sewage discharging effect is better.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the first filtering unit 5 includes a filtering assembly, an extracting assembly and a driving assembly, where the filtering assembly includes a connecting sleeve 51, two connecting rods 52 and two filtering pieces 53, the two filtering pieces 53 are respectively fixed on opposite side walls of the connecting sleeve 51 by the connecting rods 52, one side of the filtering piece 53 is provided with an opening, the other side of the filtering piece 53 is provided with a filter screen, the inside of the filtering piece 53 is of a hollow structure, a position of an inner cavity wall of the filtering piece 53 close to the opening is of an arc structure, a bending direction of the arc structure is far away from the opening, and an outlet end of the sewage drain 42 can be communicated with the opening of the filtering piece 53 close to the bottom of the sedimentation treatment pond; the extraction assembly is arranged above the sedimentation treatment pond, the extraction assembly comprises an extraction pump 54, an extraction pipeline 55 and a suction nozzle 56, one end of the extraction pipeline 55 is connected with the extraction pump 54, the other end of the extraction pipeline 55 is communicated with the suction nozzle 56, and the suction nozzle 56 can be communicated with an opening of the filter 53 near the upper part of the sedimentation treatment pond; the driving assembly comprises a driving shaft 57, a telescopic cylinder 58, a direction-adjusting motor 59, a third gear 510 and a fourth gear 541, wherein one end of the driving shaft 57 is matched with the connecting shaft sleeve 51, the other end of the driving shaft 57 is connected with the telescopic cylinder 58, a spline shaft section 571 is arranged on the driving shaft 57, the spline shaft section 571 is matched with the spline shaft sleeve 572, the third gear 510 is mounted on the circumferential side wall of the spline shaft sleeve 572, the fourth gear 541 is mounted on the output shaft of the direction-adjusting motor 59, and the third gear 510 is matched with the fourth gear 541. Specifically, when the sewage pump 43 discharges sewage and waste into the sedimentation pond through the sewage pipe 42, the steering motor 59 drives the third gear 510 and the fourth gear 541 to mesh and rotate, and the third gear 510 is mounted on the circumferential side wall of the spline shaft sleeve 572, so that the spline shaft sleeve 572 and the spline shaft end cooperate to drive the driving shaft 57 to rotate, one of the filter members 53 of the corresponding filter assemblies is communicated with the end of the pipe orifice of the sewage pipe 42, sewage passes through the filter member 53 from the opening on one side of the filter member 53, because the filter screen 531 is arranged on the other side of the filter member 53, large-particle sludge particles after the sewage passes through the filter screen 531 can remain in the filter member 53, after accumulating certain sludge, the steering motor 59 drives the third gear 510 and the fourth gear 541 to mesh and rotate, so that the filter member 53 rotates to the corresponding position of the upper extraction assembly, the sludge in the filter member 53 is sucked out through the extraction pipe 55 and the suction nozzle 56, and the sludge is repeatedly circulated, the position of the inner cavity wall of the filter member 53 is in a structure, and the curved structure is always far away from the opening, and the sludge is sucked out from the opening, and the condition of the arc-shaped sludge is reduced. The cylinder and the direction-adjusting motor 59 in the driving assembly can axially move through the cooperation of the third gear 510 and the fourth gear 541 and the spline shaft section 571 and the spline shaft sleeve 572, so that the driving shaft 57 can rotate and also can move along the length direction, and when the filtering piece 53 rotates to the position of the extracting assembly, the suction nozzle 56 can smoothly enter and exit the filtering piece 53, thereby meeting the extracting possibility. It should be noted that in practical application, the driving assembly may have a groove at a position corresponding to the bank of the sedimentation treatment pond for placing the driving assembly to realize the driving function thereof, or may have a direction-adjusting motor and a telescopic cylinder in the driving assembly placed on the ground on the bank, and then the driving assembly may guide power to the driving shaft to realize the movement of the driving shaft through a transmission bevel gear or other transmission matching mechanism capable of changing the transmission direction, so as to satisfy the driving condition.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 7-9, the second filtering unit 6 includes a lifting assembly 62, a hanging rod 63 and a plurality of biological brushes 64, the lifting assembly 62 is disposed on two opposite sides of the sedimentation pond, the lifting assembly 62 includes a fixing pile 61, a sliding block and a lifting motor, the fixing pile 61 is vertically disposed on the shore, the fixing pile 61 is provided with a sliding rail in a length direction, the lifting motor can drive the sliding block to vertically lift and move on the sliding rail, two ends of the hanging rod 63 are respectively connected with the sliding blocks in the lifting assemblies 62 on two sides, the lifting assembly 62 can drive the hanging rod 63 to lift, the biological brushes 64 include brush shafts 641 and brush heads 642, the brush heads 642 are distributed on the outer surfaces of the brush shafts 641, and one ends of the biological brushes 64 are fixed on the hanging rod 63. After the sewage is treated by the first filtering unit 5, the second filtering unit 6 can further filter the sewage, the biological brush 64 arranged therein has adsorptivity, so that the sludge with smaller particles can be further adsorbed in the sedimentation treatment pond, the top end of the biological brush 64 is fixed on the sliding block, and the sewage enters and leaves the sedimentation treatment pond through the lifting assembly 62. Further, the second filtering unit 6 further includes a linear motion assembly 65 and a cleaning assembly, the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with the linear motion assembly 65 on two opposite sides of the shore, the linear motion assembly 65 is located at the inner side of the lifting assembly 62 close to the sedimentation treatment pond, the linear motion assembly 65 includes a linear motor, a guide rail and a slider, the linear motor can drive the slider to slide on the guide rail, and the sliding direction of the slider is perpendicular to the lifting direction of the sliding of the slider; the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning plate 66 and a lower sewage tank 67, wherein the cleaning plate 66 is obliquely arranged at one side of the lower sewage tank 67, two ends of the lower sewage tank 67 are respectively arranged on the sliding pieces at two sides of the sedimentation treatment pond, two ends of the lower sewage tank 67 are provided with openings, the surface of the cleaning plate 66 along the length direction is provided with a cleaning hole 68, the diameter of the vertical projection of the cleaning hole 68 is between the diameter of the biological brush 64 and the diameter of the brush shaft 641, so that when the biological brush 64 passes through the cleaning hole 68, sludge and part of sewage attached to the brush head 642 are scraped off, the cleaning plate 66 is obliquely arranged at one side of the lower sewage tank 67, and the sewage and the mixed sludge flows into the lower sewage tank 67 under the action of gravity; the two sides of the sedimentation treatment pond are provided with vegetable cultivation ponds 69, the openings at the two ends of the lower sewage groove 67 are positioned above the vegetable cultivation ponds 69, then sludge flows into the vegetable cultivation ponds 69 from the openings at the two ends of the lower sewage groove 67 to realize fertilization, and optionally, the lower sewage groove 67 can be in an arched arrangement, so that sewage and sludge can be discharged conveniently. The sludge withdrawn in the first filter unit 5 by the withdrawal assembly may likewise be discharged into the vegetable cultivation pond 69.
In this embodiment, the biochemical purification pond is located between the sedimentation treatment pond and the culture pond, emergent aquatic plants are planted on the pond bank side of the biochemical purification pond, submerged plants are planted in the shallow water area of the biochemical purification pond, and an ecological floating island is placed in the deep water area of the biochemical purification pond; porous adsorption particles are paved at the bottom of the biochemical purification pond, and the adsorption particles are volcanic stones or ceramsite and the like. The biochemical purification pond can further carry out ecological filtration on the water treated by the first filtering unit 5 and the second filtering unit 6, so that the water passing through the biochemical purification pond can meet the feeding requirement again.
In summary, the invention provides a novel efficient ecological floating aquatic offspring seed running water cultivation system, which can be applied to aquaculture activities. The invention comprises a culture pond, a biochemical purification pond and a sedimentation treatment pond, wherein a culture tank special for fish culture is arranged in the culture pond, the culture tank also comprises a plurality of culture spaces for fish fry culture, the fish fry can be intensively domesticated and cultured in the culture spaces with proper space size, the management and the feeding are easier, and a floating piece is arranged in the circumferential direction of the culture tank, so that the culture tank floats on the water surface for carrying out the culture management, and the culture tank is convenient to move and convenient to install and is suitable for the region with water depth; the water pushing and oxygenation unit can realize the exchange of water bodies in the culture tank, keep the oxygen content of water flow in the pond at any time, and can enable the seedlings to be in a motion state, exercise physique and strengthen immunity; the sewage collecting unit is used for sucking feed residues and fish fry excrement generated in the culture tank into the sedimentation treatment pond, and water flow in the sedimentation treatment pond flows back to the culture pond through the biochemical purification pond to form water flow circulation, so that ecological purification circulation treatment of the culture water flow is realized, sustainable culture is met, and easy regulation and control operation of water quality is realized. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. A high efficiency ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system, comprising:
the ecological sewage treatment device comprises an aquaculture pond, a biochemical purification pond and a sedimentation treatment pond, wherein the aquaculture pond, the biochemical purification pond and the sedimentation treatment pond are sequentially communicated through an ecological ditch;
the cultivation pond is internally provided with a cultivation groove, a feeding unit, a water pushing and oxygenation unit and a sewage collecting unit;
the two ends of the culture tank in the length direction are respectively provided with a water inlet screen and a water outlet screen, the bottoms of the culture tank are provided with a blanking screen, the culture tank is provided with a plurality of runway-type culture spaces in the width direction, the culture spaces are isolated by baffles, the culture spaces can be used for culturing fish fries, the circumferential direction of the culture tank is provided with a floating piece, and the floating piece can enable the culture tank to float on the water surface of the culture pond;
the water pushing and oxygenation unit is arranged at the water inlet and is used for pushing water in the culture tank and improving the oxygen content of water quality;
the feeding unit can be used for alternately feeding the fries in the cultivation spaces with feed;
the sewage collecting unit is arranged at the bottom of the culture tank and is used for sucking sewage generated in the culture tank into the sedimentation treatment pond, the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with a first filtering unit and a second filtering unit, and water flow of the sedimentation treatment pond flows back to the culture pond after passing through the biochemical purification pond to form water flow circulation;
the sewage collecting unit comprises a sewage collecting tank, a sewage drain pipe and a sewage pump,
the sewage collecting tank is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the sewage collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the culture tank and is used for receiving the scraps and the feces falling in the culture tank, one end of the sewage draining pipeline is communicated with the bottom of the sewage collecting tank, the other end of the sewage draining pipeline is communicated with the sedimentation treatment pond, and the sewage draining pump can send sewage into the sedimentation treatment pond through the sewage draining pipeline;
the first filter unit comprises a filter assembly, a drawing assembly and a driving assembly,
the filtering assembly comprises a connecting shaft sleeve, two connecting rods and two filtering pieces, wherein the two filtering pieces are respectively fixed on the side walls of the connecting shaft sleeve in opposite directions through the connecting rods, one side of each filtering piece is provided with an opening, the other side of each filtering piece is provided with a filter screen, the inside of each filtering piece is of a hollow structure, the position, close to the opening, of the inner cavity wall of each filtering piece is of an arc-shaped structure, the bending direction of the arc-shaped structure is far away from the opening, and the outlet end of each sewage discharge pipeline can be communicated with the opening of the filtering piece, close to the bottom of the sedimentation treatment pond;
the extraction assembly is arranged above the sedimentation treatment pond, the extraction assembly comprises an extraction pump, an extraction pipeline and a suction nozzle, one end of the extraction pipeline is connected with the extraction pump, the other end of the extraction pipeline is communicated with the suction nozzle, and the suction nozzle can be communicated with an opening of the filter element close to the upper part of the sedimentation treatment pond;
the driving assembly comprises a driving shaft, a telescopic cylinder, a direction-adjusting motor, a third gear and a fourth gear, one end of the driving shaft is matched with the connecting shaft sleeve, the other end of the driving shaft is connected with the telescopic cylinder, a spline shaft section is arranged on the driving shaft and matched with the spline shaft sleeve, the third gear is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the spline shaft sleeve, the fourth gear is arranged on an output shaft of the direction-adjusting motor, and the third gear is matched with the fourth gear;
the second filtering unit comprises a lifting component, a hanging rod and a plurality of biological brushes,
the sedimentation treatment pond is characterized in that lifting assemblies are arranged on two opposite sides of the pond on the bank, each lifting assembly comprises a fixed pile, a sliding block and a lifting motor, the fixed piles are vertically arranged on the bank, sliding rails are arranged on the fixed piles in the length direction, the lifting motors can drive the sliding blocks to vertically lift and move on the sliding rails, two ends of the hanging rod are respectively connected with the sliding blocks in the lifting assemblies on the two banks, the lifting assemblies can drive the hanging rod to lift and move, the biological brush comprises a brush shaft and brush heads, the brush heads are distributed on the outer surface of the brush shaft, and one end of the biological brush is fixed on the hanging rod;
the second filter unit further comprises a linear motion assembly and a cleaning assembly,
the sedimentation treatment pond is provided with linear motion assemblies on two opposite sides of the pond, the linear motion assemblies are positioned on the inner sides of the lifting assemblies close to the sedimentation treatment pond, the linear motion assemblies comprise linear motors, guide rails and sliding pieces, the linear motors can drive the sliding pieces to slide on the guide rails, and the sliding direction of the sliding pieces is vertical to the sliding lifting direction of the sliding pieces;
the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning plate and a lower sewage tank, the cleaning plate is obliquely arranged on one side of the lower sewage tank, two ends of the lower sewage tank are respectively arranged on the sliding pieces on two sides of the sedimentation treatment pond, two ends of the lower sewage tank are provided with openings, cleaning holes are formed in the surface of the cleaning plate along the length direction, and the diameter of the vertical projection of each cleaning hole is between the diameter of the biological brush and the diameter of the brush shaft;
the two sides of the sedimentation treatment pond are provided with vegetable cultivation ponds, and openings at two ends of the sewage tank are positioned above the vegetable cultivation ponds.
2. A high efficiency ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the water pushing and oxygenation unit comprises a frame body, an oxygenation pump, an oxygen delivery pipe and a nano oxygenation disc,
the frame body is fixed on the edge of the culture tank, the oxygenation pump is arranged on the frame body, and the nano oxygenation disc is arranged on the water inlet screen corresponding to the water inlet;
a guide plate is arranged in the culture tank, and the guide plate is arranged at the section of the culture tank and is close to the nano oxygenation disk;
the top opening part of the culture tank is rotatably provided with a nylon screen plate, and the nylon screen plate can be used for protecting the culture tank.
3. A high efficiency ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the feeding unit comprises a bracket, a stirring mechanism and a conveying mechanism,
the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring barrel, a stirring motor and a stirring shaft, wherein a feed inlet and a feed outlet are formed in the stirring barrel, feed is added into the stirring barrel from the feed inlet, the stirring motor is arranged at the top of the stirring barrel, the stirring shaft is arranged in the stirring barrel, and the stirring shaft penetrates through the top wall of the stirring barrel and is connected with an output shaft of the stirring motor;
the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying slideway and a rotating assembly, the conveying slideway is obliquely arranged relative to a horizontal plane, two ends of the conveying slideway are respectively provided with a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end can be used for receiving mixed feed falling out of the discharging opening, the feed can fall into the culture tank from the discharging end, and the rotating assembly can drive the conveying slideway.
4. A high efficiency ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system according to claim 3, wherein:
the stirring shaft is provided with a helical blade along the length direction;
the rotating component comprises a rotating rod, a first gear, a second gear and a rotating motor,
one end of the rotating rod is installed at the bottom of the feeding end corresponding to the feeding slideway, the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably installed on the support, the first gear is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod, the rotating motor is installed on the support, the second gear is installed on an output shaft of the rotating motor, the first gear is matched with the second gear, and when feeding is needed, the rotating motor drives the rotating assembly to drive the feeding slideway to rotate so that the discharging end is located above each cultivation space.
5. A high efficiency ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system as defined in claim 1, wherein:
a vortex device is arranged at the opening of the sewage collecting tank communicated with the sewage collecting pipe,
the vortex device comprises a bearing, an assembly barrel, blades and an installation frame, wherein the assembly barrel is installed at an opening of the sewage collecting tank communicated with the sewage collecting pipe, an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the assembly barrel through a bracket, and the blades are uniformly installed on the outer side of an outer ring of the bearing.
6. A high efficiency ecological floating aquatic fingerling running water cultivation system as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the biochemical purification pond is positioned between the sedimentation treatment pond and the culture pond,
emergent aquatic plants are planted on the bank side of the biochemical purification pond, submerged plants are planted in a shallow water area of the biochemical purification pond, and an ecological floating island is placed in a deep water area of the biochemical purification pond; porous adsorption particles are paved at the bottom of the biochemical purification pond, and the adsorption particles are volcanic rocks or ceramsite.
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