CN115044843B - Preparation method of rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115044843B CN115044843B CN202210748533.2A CN202210748533A CN115044843B CN 115044843 B CN115044843 B CN 115044843B CN 202210748533 A CN202210748533 A CN 202210748533A CN 115044843 B CN115044843 B CN 115044843B
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 64
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000003712 Complement factor B Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000056 Complement factor B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
- C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy. The structural design method comprises the following steps: firstly, wrapping metal tin around the carbon fiber cloth folded into the corrugated shape to form a tin-wrapped carbon fiber corrugated interlayer; and then implanting the interlayer into an aluminum alloy matrix to construct a tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite ingot, wherein the volume content of tin is Sn/(Al+Sn) =0.020. Then hot rolling the cast ingot, wherein the metal tin is in a liquid state in the hot rolling process and is extruded into the carbon fiber bundles, so that the load on the carbon fiber cloth can be released to a greater extent, the stress concentration on the carbon fiber cloth is effectively overcome, and the fiber damage is reduced; the fluidity of the liquid state gives the carbon fiber cloth a relatively free distribution condition, and can promote the cooperative extension of the corrugated carbon fiber coupled aluminum alloy. Finally, carrying out multistage heat treatment to enable tin and aluminum alloy to be in solid solution, eliminating redundant metallic tin, and further enhancing the mechanical properties of the composite material. The tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber-aluminum alloy multilayer structure is constructed, so that the carbon fiber and aluminum alloy matrix cooperatively extend, the integrity of the carbon fiber in the rolling process is protected, and technical support can be provided for novel light-weight high-strength carbon fiber reinforced aluminum-based composite in aerospace in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of composite materials with special structures.
Background
Compared with the traditional structural materials, the aluminum alloy has been widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile industry, civil engineering and the like by virtue of the advantages of light weight, high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and the like. With rapid development of technology and increasing market competition, the field of aluminum-based composite materials in China also faces great challenges. The innovative design and preparation problems of the novel light high-strength aluminum-based composite material need to be solved so as to adapt to the more and more extreme service environment.
As a novel excellent strategic material, the carbon fiber has the advantages of high modulus, high strength, light weight, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. Its density is only one fourth of that of steel, but its strength is 5-7 times of that of steel material, and its weight-reducing effect can be up to 20% -40% compared with aluminium alloy. The carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material has excellent properties such as high specific strength, specific rigidity, specific modulus, low thermal expansion coefficient, good electric conduction and heat conduction properties, good impact toughness and the like, and has wide application prospects in aerospace and other fields. The increasingly frequent aerospace activities in China put new requirements on the damage resistance and bearing capacity of the carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite. At present, carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials are divided into a casting state and a rolling state, and the mechanical property and the damage resistance of the rolling state are superior to those of the casting state. The machine body skin, the satellite frame, the antenna framework and the like are all prepared from rolled aluminum-based composite materials. However, a common problem of rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials is that the carbon fiber cloth is prone to stress concentration, which leads to premature fracture failure of the carbon fiber cloth. The existing researchers solve the problem of ductility difference between carbon fiber cloth and aluminum matrix by designing a corrugated carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material (patent national publication No. CN111085674A, patent publication No. 2020.05.01), and the design can realize cooperative extension between continuous carbon fiber cloth and aluminum matrix, but cannot avoid the problem that the carbon fiber cloth is damaged due to shearing load in the rolling process, and cannot prevent stress concentration on the surface of the carbon fiber cloth, so the problem of carbon fiber cloth damage in the rolling deformation process of the composite material is not fundamentally solved.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Key problems to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problem that the carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite is easy to fracture and lose efficacy in the plastic deformation process. Based on the method that the prior art has proposed to fold the carbon fiber cloth into the corrugated shape and directly implant the corrugated shape into the aluminum alloy matrix to realize the cooperative extension of the reinforcing phase and the alloy matrix, the invention provides a preparation method of the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure composite material. The tin interlayer inside the cast ingot with the structure is melted firstly in the hot rolling process, so that the carbon fiber cloth is clamped in a layer of liquid tin melt, the stress can be uniformly distributed on the carbon fiber cloth and is greatly reduced, and the carbon fiber cloth is well protected from breaking and losing efficacy in the deformation process. The innovation point of the structure is that: on the basis that the corrugated carbon fiber cloth reinforced aluminum matrix composite material designed by other researchers realizes the cooperative extension of a metal matrix and a reinforcing phase, a layer of low-melting-point metal tin is added around the carbon fiber cloth, the metal tin is melted into a liquid state in the hot rolling process, the liquid tin layer around the carbon fiber cloth avoids the extrusion biting effect generated by direct contact of the carbon fiber cloth and solid aluminum, and the problem that the carbon fiber cloth is damaged due to overlarge load or stress concentration can be effectively prevented. Meanwhile, the carbon fiber cloth immersed in the liquid tin has the condition of free distribution in the liquid, is more beneficial to realizing the cooperative extension with the aluminum matrix in the rolling process, and fundamentally protects the integrity of the carbon fiber cloth. The liquid metal tin with the volume ratio of 0.02 percent is extruded into the carbon fiber bundle in the rolling process, so that the integrity of the carbon fiber cloth is protected, and tin which is not extruded into the carbon fiber bundle is in solid solution with the aluminum alloy through heat treatment, so that the mechanical property of the composite material is ensured.
(II) technical scheme
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the design concept of the rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material is that a tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth interlayer is prepared by folding carbon fiber cloth into a corrugated shape and implanting the corrugated carbon fiber cloth interlayer into tin, and then an aluminum alloy melt is poured around the corrugated carbon fiber cloth interlayer to construct the composite material with a tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure, wherein the volume ratio of tin is Sn/(Al+Sn) =0.020, and molten tin is extruded into the carbon fiber bundles in the hot rolling process, so that the carbon fiber cloth is prevented from being broken and failed due to stress concentration caused by direct contact of the carbon fiber cloth and solid aluminum. On the other hand, in the heat treatment process after hot rolling, redundant liquid tin is in solid solution with the aluminum alloy, so that the mechanical property of the composite material is ensured.
According to the design concept of the rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material, the carbon fiber cloth is folded into the corrugated shape and is implanted into tin, tin melt is densely distributed around the carbon fiber cloth, and the thickness of a tin interlayer can be controlled through the gap width of the inner walls of two graphite inserting plates.
The preparation device of the rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following components: five parts of a graphite crucible, a U-shaped stainless steel clamp, a graphite plugboard, a fixing device and a stainless steel die.
In the preparation device of the rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material, preferably, two sides of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp are respectively provided with a corrugated channel slightly wider than the thickness of the carbon fiber cloth, and the corrugated channels are used for implanting the carbon fiber cloth. The inner walls of the two graphite insert plates are corrugated and are used for casting a tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth interlayer (hereinafter referred to as a corrugated tin interlayer).
In the apparatus for preparing a rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material, preferably, the corrugated tin interlayer should be fixed at the center of the stainless steel mold to ensure equal amount of aluminum alloy melt cast at both sides thereof.
The preparation method of the rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively placing tin and aluminum alloy into a resistance furnace for melting, and preserving heat for a period of time after the tin and aluminum alloy are completely changed into liquid state so as to ensure that the internal temperature field and components of the tin and aluminum alloy are uniform. It is noted that the interface is prevented from fluctuating during the heat preservation of the aluminum alloy to avoid oxidation of the aluminum or other alloys inside due to surface oxide layer damage.
S2, placing the carbon fiber cloth in a muffle furnace for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature is 400 ℃, and the preheating time is 0.5h. The preheated carbon fiber is implanted into the corrugated channel of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp, and then the U-shaped stainless steel clamp is placed in the graphite crucible. Two graphite inserting plates are arranged in the directions perpendicular to the two side surfaces of the stainless steel inserting plate. And (3) placing the graphite crucible provided with the U-shaped stainless steel clamp and the graphite insert plate and the stainless steel die in a resistance furnace for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature is 300 ℃ and the preheating time is 2 hours. After the preheating is finished, pouring a tin melt with the volume ratio of Sn/(Al+Sn) =0.020 into the gaps of the plugboard, and taking out after the tin melt is completely solidified, thus obtaining the corrugated tin interlayer.
S3, fixing the corrugated tin interlayer in a stainless steel mold, pouring the heat-preserving aluminum alloy melt into the stainless steel mold, and taking out the aluminum alloy melt after the melt is completely solidified.
S4, carrying out multi-pass rolling on the obtained cast ingot on a hot rolling mill, and placing a sample at a corresponding rolling temperature for 1h before rolling. The hot rolling experiment is carried out for four times and is divided into a rough rolling part and a fine rolling part. The first rough rolling reduction is controlled to be about 35%, and the rolling temperature is 350 ℃; every time of the subsequent three times of finish rolling is pressed down by 5 percent, the rolling temperature is 300 ℃, and the total rolling reduction rate after rolling is ensured to be 50 percent. The rolling speed in the sample rolling process is controlled to be 0.5s -1 Left and right.
S5, firstly placing the rolled sample in a heat treatment furnace for solid solution treatment, wherein the solid solution temperature is 350 ℃, and the solid solution time is 36h. The sample was then removed and quenched in water at 30 ℃. And finally, carrying out artificial aging treatment, wherein the aging temperature is 150 ℃ and the aging time is 8 hours. And (3) after heat treatment, obtaining a finished product of the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multilayer structure.
In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy in step S1 is melted at 700 ℃, maintained at 680 ℃ for 25 minutes; the melting temperature of tin was 330℃and the casting temperature was 300 ℃.
In a preferred experimental scheme, the carbon fiber cloth in step S2 is placed in a muffle furnace for preheating and removing glue, wherein the preheating temperature is 400 ℃, and the preheating time is 0.5h. The graphite crucible and the stainless steel mold which are provided with the U-shaped stainless steel clamp and the graphite plugboard are placed in a resistance furnace for preheating, the preheating temperature is 300 ℃, and the preheating time is 2 hours. The inner wall of the graphite crucible has dimensions of 52×42×100mm, the stainless steel insert plate has dimensions of 40×30×100mm, the graphite insert plate has a length of 40mm and a height of 100mm.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the corrugated tin plate is held in the middle of a stainless steel mold having dimensions of 60X 100mm by a holding device.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure constructed by the invention ensures that the corrugated carbon fiber cloth structure of the composite material can overcome the problem of unmatched ductility between an aluminum alloy matrix and the carbon fiber cloth in the rolling deformation process. If the tin layer is not added, stress concentration easily occurs on the carbon fiber cloth, so that the carbon fiber cloth is broken and fails prematurely. The tin layer around the corrugated carbon fiber cloth is melted into a liquid state in the hot rolling process, so that the phenomenon of stress concentration caused by direct contact of the carbon fiber cloth and the solid aluminum alloy is avoided, and further, the phenomenon of breakage of the carbon fiber cloth in the rolling process is avoided. The design method can greatly improve the thermoplastic property and mechanical property of the composite material, and can provide a new structural design thought for novel light-weight high-strength aluminum-based composite materials required in the aerospace field in China.
The thermoplastic and tensile properties of the composite material can be greatly improved with little weight increase by adding a thin tin layer, so that the composite material has good specific modulus and specific strength. In addition, the aluminum alloy has the advantages of small density, good thermal conductivity, large bearing capacity, high fatigue strength and the like, and can also improve the damage resistance and fatigue resistance of the composite material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the design concept of a rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite;
FIG. 2 is a three view of a graphite insert plate;
FIG. 3 is a three-view of a U-shaped stainless steel clamp;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a process for preparing a corrugated tin interlayer;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a preparation process of a tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure ingot.
The components in the drawings are marked as follows:
1: a graphite insert plate;
2: u-shaped stainless steel clamp;
3: a corrugated groove;
4: a tin interlayer;
5: a carbon fiber cloth;
6: a graphite crucible;
7: an aluminum alloy melt;
8: stainless steel die.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments thereof in order to make the advantages and features of the present invention more readily understood by those skilled in the art.
Examples
The preparation method of the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure composite material comprises the following steps:
firstly, folding carbon fiber cloth into waves, implanting the waves into metallic tin to prepare a corrugated tin interlayer, wherein the volume ratio of tin is Sn/(Al+Sn) =0.020, casting aluminum alloy around the corrugated tin interlayer, cooling the aluminum alloy to room temperature, and then placing the obtained composite material cast ingot on a hot rolling mill for rolling. The metal tin with low melting point in the hot rolling process is melted into liquid state firstly, on one hand, the liquid tin can be used as an intermediate layer to prevent the carbon fiber cloth from being in direct contact with solid aluminum, on the other hand, the fluidity of the liquid tin can provide free distribution conditions for the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth is driven to straighten through extrusion of the liquid tin in the rolling deformation process, and the carbon fiber cloth is promoted to be coupled with the aluminum matrix to be cooperatively extended, so that the carbon fiber cloth can be coupled with the aluminum alloy to be cooperatively extended in the plastic deformation process, and the aim of preventing the carbon fiber cloth from being broken and failed too early due to stress concentration is fulfilled. Finally, the aluminum and tin are mutually diffusion interlocked through heat treatment, so that redundant soft tin is eliminated, the mechanical property of the composite material is further improved, and the final product tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure composite material is obtained.
The preparation device of the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure composite material is shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5. The device comprises five parts, namely a graphite inserting plate (1), a U-shaped stainless steel clamp (2), carbon fiber cloth (5), a graphite crucible (6) and a stainless steel die (8). Two sides of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp are respectively provided with a corrugated groove (3), and the two grooves are parallel and are used for fixing the carbon fiber cloth. The shape parameters of the corrugated grooves are as in figure three, a=8mm, b=15mm, d=2mm, and the position parameters p=18mm. The outer side surfaces of the two graphite inserting plates are planes, the inner side surfaces are corrugated surfaces, and parameters of the corrugated surfaces are matched with those of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp. The distance m=10mm between two graphite insert plates, which are placed perpendicular to the two sides of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp, play a role of a die in the process of casting the corrugated tin interlayer. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.8mm, each 10mm of the inside of the carbon fiber cloth in the warp and weft directions contains 5 bundles of fibers, and each bundle of fibers contains about 3000 fibers. The graphite crucible is used for placing a U-shaped stainless steel clamp and a graphite inserting plate implanted with corrugated carbon fiber cloth, the two sides of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp are clung to the left side and the right side of the graphite crucible, and the outer side faces of the two graphite inserting plates are clung to the front side and the rear side of the graphite crucible. And pouring the tin melt (4) smelted by the resistance furnace into a graphite crucible to complete the compounding process with the carbon fiber cloth, so as to prepare the corrugated tin interlayer. The stainless steel mould is used for placing the corrugated tin interlayer and containing an aluminum alloy melt (7) smelted by the resistance furnace, and the composite process of the corrugated tin interlayer and the aluminum alloy melt is completed.
The preparation process of the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure composite material is shown in fig. 4 and 5.
S1, smelting metallic tin: the experiment selects metallic tin as a material for wrapping carbon fiber cloth, and a resistance furnace is used for smelting the metallic tin, wherein the smelting temperature is set to be 330 ℃. After the molten tin is completely melted into a liquid state, the molten tin is preserved at 300 ℃ for standby, and the fluctuation of the liquid level should be reduced as much as possible in the smelting and preserving processes, so that the tin is prevented from being seriously oxidized.
S2, compounding carbon fiber cloth and metallic tin: before the compounding process, firstly, the carbon fiber cloth is placed in a muffle furnace for preheating and removing glue, wherein the preheating temperature is 400 ℃, and the preheating time is 0.5h. The preheated carbon fiber is implanted into the corrugated groove on the side surface of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp to fix the corrugated shape of the carbon fiber. The corrugated structure has a dimension factor A of 8mm, a dimension factor B of 15mm, a dimension D of 2mm and a position parameter P of 18mm. Then placing the U-shaped stainless steel clamp inserted with the corrugated carbon fiber cloth in a graphite crucible, and then inserting two sides of the two graphite plugboards, which are perpendicular to the U-shaped stainless steel clamp, into the graphite crucible, wherein the gap width M value between the two graphite plugboards is 10mm. And finally, placing the graphite crucible and the stainless steel die which are provided with the U-shaped stainless steel clamp and the graphite insert plate in a resistance furnace for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature is 300 ℃, and the preheating time is 2 hours. The molten metal tin in S1 was poured into a graphite crucible at a pouring temperature of 300 ℃ and a volume ratio of metal tin was Sn/(al+sn) =0.020. And taking out the material to serve as a tin interlayer after the material is completely solidified and cooled to normal temperature.
S3, smelting an aluminum alloy: the smelting temperature of the aluminum alloy is 700 ℃, the heat preservation temperature is 680 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 25min. The smelting and heat preservation process is to prevent the fluctuation of the liquid level from damaging the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy melt, so that the internal aluminum alloy melt is oxidized.
S4, compounding an aluminum alloy and a corrugated tin interlayer: and (3) fixing the corrugated tin interlayer prepared in the step (S2) in a stainless steel mold, and then pouring the aluminum alloy melt well preserved in the step (S3) into the stainless steel mold at 680 ℃. And taking out after the mixture is completely solidified and cooled to normal temperature.
S5, a finished product hot rolling process: the composite ingot obtained in S4 is subjected to a hot rolling process to check its thermoplasticity. Cutting ingot into 100×40×40mm samples, and placing the samples at rolling temperatureAnd (5) preserving heat for 1h in a resistance furnace at the temperature, and then placing the steel sheet on a hot rolling mill for rolling. The rolling is carried out for four times, and the rolling parameters are as follows: the deformation rate of the first rough rolling is controlled at 35%, and the rolling temperature is 350 ℃; the deformation rate of each rolling of the three final rolling is controlled to be 5%, the total deformation of the cast ingot is ensured to be 50%, and the rolling temperature of the final rolling is set to be 300 ℃. The rolling speed is controlled to be 0.5s in the whole thermoplastic deformation process -1 . And after each pass, treating the surface of the sample by using a steel wire brush, and cleaning the oxide layer and grease on the surface of the sample by using acetone. In the experiment, graphite powder and engine oil are adopted as lubricant between the sample and the pressure head.
After the hot rolling process, the samples were subjected to a multi-stage heat treatment. Firstly, placing a sample in a heat treatment furnace, closing a furnace door, and carrying out solution treatment, wherein the parameters of the solution treatment are as follows: the temperature is 350 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 36 hours. After the heat preservation is finished, the sample is taken out and put into water with the temperature of 30 ℃ for quenching. After quenching, placing the sample in a heat treatment furnace, closing a furnace door, and performing artificial aging treatment, wherein aging treatment parameters are set as follows: the temperature is 150 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 8 hours. And then taking out the sample, wherein the tin and the aluminum in the sample are completely dissolved, and the mechanical property of the obtained composite material finished product with the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multilayer structure is further improved.
The elongation after break of the finished product of the composite material with the tin-coated corrugated carbon fiber cloth-aluminum alloy multi-layer structure is 24.2 percent and the tensile strength is 226MPa.
Comparative example
In order to explore the improvement effect of the addition of the liquid tin interlayer on the performance of the composite material, the corrugated carbon fiber cloth is directly implanted into the aluminum alloy by adopting the same process conditions as the examples. The elongation after break of the carbon fiber cloth reinforced aluminum matrix composite without the tin interlayer is 19.2 percent and the tensile strength is 163MPa.
As compared with comparative examples and examples, the elongation and tensile strength of the composite material with the tin interlayer are obviously increased after breaking, and the weight is increased by 3.39%. The addition of the tin interlayer can play a good role in protecting the carbon fiber cloth in the plastic deformation process of the composite material, so that the thermoplastic property and the mechanical property of the composite material are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the improvement of the overall mechanical property is avoided to the greatest extent. The specific mechanical parameters of the examples and the comparative examples are shown in Table 4.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any simple modification or equivalent transformation by a person skilled in the art based on the present disclosure, or direct or indirect application in other relevant technical fields, is included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Table 1 shows the chemical composition (%)
Table 2 process parameters for the fabrication of corrugated tin sandwich preforms
Table 3 preparation and processing parameters of the finished product
Table 4 heat treatment process parameters
Table 5 mechanical parameters of examples and comparative examples
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the rolled carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting tin in a resistance furnace, and preserving heat after the tin is completely changed into a liquid state; the preheating and photoresist removing process of the carbon fiber is carried out in a muffle furnace, the carbon fiber after photoresist removal is inserted into a corrugated channel of a U-shaped stainless steel clamp, and the U-shaped stainless steel clamp is placed in a graphite crucible; two graphite inserting plates are placed in the graphite crucible and perpendicular to two sides of the U-shaped stainless steel clamp;
s2, placing the stainless steel die and a graphite crucible provided with a U-shaped stainless steel clamp and a graphite plugboard in a resistance furnace for preheating treatment, pouring the heat-preserving tin melt into the gaps of the graphite plugboard after preheating, and taking out after the tin melt is completely solidified to prepare a tin-coated carbon fiber corrugated interlayer; smelting an aluminum alloy matrix in a resistance furnace until the aluminum alloy matrix is completely changed into a liquid state, and then preserving heat;
s3, taking the preheated stainless steel die out of the resistance furnace, and fixing the tin-coated carbon fiber corrugated interlayer in the S2 in the middle of the die; pouring the heat-preserving aluminum alloy melt into a stainless steel mold, taking out after the aluminum alloy melt is completely solidified, and obtaining an ingot with the composition of Sn/(Al+Sn) =0.020, and then carrying out hot rolling.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation device comprises five parts of a graphite crucible, a U-shaped stainless steel clamp, a graphite plugboard, a fixing device and a stainless steel die; the inner wall of the graphite crucible has the dimensions of 52X 42X 100mm, the U-shaped stainless steel clamp has the dimensions of 40X 30X 100mm, the graphite insert plate has the length of 40mm and the height of 100mm, and the stainless steel die has the dimensions of 60X 100mm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the melting temperature of the metallic tin is 330 ℃, the casting temperature is 300 ℃, the ingot rolling temperature is 350 ℃, and the total rolling deformation is 50%.
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