CN110846599A - Heat treatment method for improving corrosion performance of 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for improving corrosion performance of 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy heat treatment, and provides a heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of 800 MPa-level aluminum alloy. The invention adopts three-stage solid solution and regression re-aging treatment process, and the three-stage solid solution treatment comprises the following steps: preserving heat for 2-4 h at the temperature of 455-460 ℃, heating to 465-470 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 2-4 h, finally heating to 475-478 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 h, and immediately performing water quenching; then carrying out regression and reaging heat treatment: the temperature is kept at 90-110 ℃ for 15-24 h, the temperature is raised to 145-160 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-50 ℃/h, the temperature is kept for 2-4 h, water quenching is carried out immediately, and then the temperature is kept at 90-110 ℃ for 15-24 h. The aluminum alloy prepared by the heat treatment process can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy on the premise of not reducing the strength performance. The L-direction tensile strength reaches more than 800MPa, the yield strength reaches more than 750MPa, the elongation is higher than 8%, and the prepared material can be widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, nuclear industry, transportation, weapons and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy heat treatment, and particularly relates to a heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of 800 MPa-level aluminum alloy.
Background
With the increasing urgent demands of future weaponry on ultra-light structures and low cost, the demand of high-strength aluminum alloy materials with excellent comprehensive performance is increasing. At present, the semi-continuous casting technology and the powder metallurgy technology are adopted to manufacture 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy in China. The ultra-high strength aluminum alloy prepared by the powder metallurgy method is difficult to be applied industrially due to the cost limitation; the 800MPa aluminum alloy manufactured by the semi-continuous casting technology is required to have strength, is mostly used in a peak aging state, and has poor corrosion resistance. The 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy with excellent corrosion resistance prepared by adopting the semi-continuous casting method has wide application prospect in the fields of aviation, aerospace, nuclear industry, transportation, weapons and the like.
The heat treatment process is an effective means for improving the corrosion resistance of the alloy, mainly through solid solution process optimization, a supersaturated solid solution is dissolved into a matrix as much as possible, through reasonable aging process formulation, the intragranular and grain boundary precipitated phases are controlled, and the purpose of improving the corrosion resistance is achieved. On the premise of not reducing the mechanical property of the alloy, regression reaging heat treatment (RRA) is mostly adopted, a general regression reaging heat treatment process adopts a mode of low-temperature aging, high-temperature short-time regression and low-temperature aging, the regression treatment has the characteristics of high temperature and short time, the temperature rise rate is high, the temperature rise rate is 10-30 ℃/s mostly, and the requirement on equipment is high; the high-temperature short-time regression temperature is more than 180 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-15 minutes, when the short heat preservation time is applied to a large-size component, the phenomenon of heat impermeability can occur, namely, the core of the component is not quenched and cooled when the temperature is high, the large-size precipitated phase of the grain boundary of the core of the component can not be dissolved in the aluminum alloy matrix, and the corrosion resistance is reduced. Therefore, the conventional regression re-aging heat treatment process is not suitable for large-sized members.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the heat treatment method for improving the corrosion resistance of the 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy is provided, and the corrosion resistance of the 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy is greatly improved on the premise that the strength performance is not reduced by the method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy comprises the following heat treatment processes of solid solution and then regression and reaging of an extruded profile: the heat treatment process specifically comprises the following steps: the regression and reaging comprises a first-stage low-temperature preaging process, a second-stage regression and aging treatment process and a third-stage reaging process, wherein the second-stage regression and aging treatment process adopts a slow temperature rise and medium-high temperature regression mode to carry out regression and aging heat treatment.
The heat treatment process comprises the following specific steps:
the temperature is kept at 90-110 ℃ for 15-24 h, the temperature is raised to 145-160 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-50 ℃/h, the temperature is kept for 2-4 h, quenching is carried out immediately, and then the temperature is kept at 90-110 ℃ for 15-24 h.
Preferably, the quench transfer time is less than 15 seconds.
Preferably, the quenching process adopts water quenching.
The heat treatment method also comprises the following steps before the heat treatment process:
step one, preparing materials according to the chemical components and weight percentage of alloy, smelting to obtain a semi-continuous ingot, wherein the size of the ingot is
And step two, homogenizing the cast ingot, peeling, and performing hot extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 20 or more, and the thickness of the final extruded section is not less than 40mm, and the width is not less than 150 mm.
The solid solution adopts a three-stage solid solution process: the primary solid solution temperature is 450-460 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2-4 h, the temperature is raised to 465-470 ℃ along with the furnace, the temperature is kept for 2-4 h, and finally the temperature is raised to 475-478 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 2-4 h.
And in the second step, the homogenization adopts a three-level homogenization process.
The three-stage homogenization process specifically comprises the following steps:
the first-stage homogenization temperature is 390-410 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-24 h; the second-stage homogenization temperature is 460-470 ℃; the heat preservation time is 15-24 h; the third-stage homogenization temperature is 470-478 ℃, the heat preservation time is 15-24 h, and the total heat preservation time is 50h or more.
The alloy applicable to the heat treatment method comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: main alloying elements Zn9.0-12.5%, Mg 2.5-3.5%, Cu 0.8-1.5%; 0.08-0.15% of microalloying element Zr and 1-2 of Sc 0.05-0.25%; fe is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, other impurities are less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being Al.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy is suitable for high-alloying component alloys, optimizes the regression and aging process in the traditional regression and aging treatment, controls the temperature rise rate at 30-50 ℃/h in a slow temperature rise mode, and does not need to improve heat treatment equipment; when the regression system adopts medium-high temperature long time, the large-size aluminum alloy member is fully heated and insulated, the grain boundary large-size precipitated phase is fully dissolved back into the matrix and is dispersed and precipitated in the re-aging stage, and the corrosion resistance of the large-size aluminum alloy member is improved.
The aluminum alloy prepared by the heat treatment process can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy on the premise of not reducing the strength performance. The L-direction tensile strength reaches more than 800MPa, the yield strength reaches more than 750MPa, and the elongation is higher than 8 percent; the LT tensile strength reaches more than 750MPa, the yield strength reaches more than 700MPa, and the elongation is higher than 6 percent; the stripping corrosion performance reaches more than EA level; the stress corrosion performance can resist 300MPa stress for 20 days; the intergranular corrosion depth is not more than 0.06 mm.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Features of various aspects of embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to better understand the present invention by illustrating examples thereof. The present invention is not limited to any particular arrangement or method provided below, but rather covers all product structures, any modifications, alterations, etc. of the method covered without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.
Example 1:
the preparation process of the alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) the alloy proportion is Zn: 9.0%, Mg: 2.5%, Cu: 0.8 percent; preparing 99.99 percent of refined Al ingot, pure Zn ingot, pure Mg ingot and Al-Cu intermediate alloy according to the weight percentage;
(2) casting to obtain semi-continuous cast ingot with the size of the cast ingot
(3) Homogenizing the cast ingot after casting, wherein the cast ingot adopts a three-stage homogenizing process, the first-stage homogenizing temperature is 390 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours; the second-stage homogenization temperature is 460 ℃; the heat preservation time is 15 h; the third-stage homogenization temperature is 470 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15 hours;
(4) selecting a mould to carry out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion ratio is more than 20, and the size of the mould is 40 multiplied by 150 mm;
(5) the extruded section is subjected to three-stage solid solution, and the solid solution system is as follows: the first-stage solid solution temperature is 455 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the second-stage solid solution temperature is as follows: 465 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2h, and the third-stage solid solution temperature is as follows: keeping the temperature at 475 ℃ for 2h, and quenching transfer time of 10 s;
(6) carrying out regression and reaging heat treatment on the extruded section, and keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ for 15 h; heating to 145 ℃ at the heating rate of 30 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 2h, and carrying out water quenching, wherein the quenching transfer time is 10 s; keeping the temperature for 15h at 90 ℃, and performing furnace air cooling.
The properties of the profiles heat-treated with and without the process according to the invention are compared in Table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the spalling corrosion resistance, the stress corrosion resistance and the intercrystalline corrosion resistance of the profile are all obviously improved on the premise that the tensile property at room temperature is not changed greatly after the heat treatment by the method of the invention.
TABLE 1 comparison of the properties of the profiles treated with and without the process according to the invention
Example 2:
(1) the alloy proportion is Zn: 10.5%, Mg: 3.0%, Cu: 1.1%, Zr: 0.11 percent; preparing 99.99 percent of refined Al ingot, pure Zn ingot, pure Mg ingot, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy according to the weight percentage;
(2) casting to obtain semi-continuous cast ingot with the size of the cast ingot
(3) Homogenizing the cast ingot after casting, wherein the cast ingot adopts a three-stage homogenizing process, the first-stage homogenizing temperature is 400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 22 h; the second-stage homogenization temperature is 465 ℃; the heat preservation time is 20 h; the third-stage homogenization temperature is 474 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 20 hours;
(4) selecting a mould to carry out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion ratio is more than 20, and the size of the mould is 45 multiplied by 175 mm;
(5) the extruded section is subjected to three-stage solid solution, and the solid solution system is as follows: the first-stage solid solution temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4h, and the second-stage solid solution temperature is: 470 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4h, and the third-stage solid solution temperature is as follows: keeping the temperature at 478 ℃ for 4h, and quenching and transferring for 15 s;
(6) the extruded section is subjected to regression and reaging heat treatment, the temperature is kept for 24h at 110 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4h from the temperature rise rate of 50 ℃/h to 160 ℃, water quenching is carried out, the quenching transfer time is 15s, and then the temperature is kept for 24h at 110 ℃.
The properties of the profiles heat-treated with and without the process according to the invention are compared in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, after the heat treatment by the method of the present invention, the spalling corrosion performance, the stress corrosion resistance and the intercrystalline corrosion performance of the section are all significantly improved on the premise of little change of the room temperature tensile property.
TABLE 2 comparison of the properties of the profiles treated with and without the process according to the invention
Example 3:
(1) the alloy proportion is Zn: 11.0%, Mg: 3.0%, Cu: 1.1%, Sc: 0.15 percent; preparing 99.99 percent of refined Al ingot, pure Zn ingot, pure Mg ingot, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy according to the weight percentage;
(2) casting to obtain semi-continuous cast ingot with the size of the cast ingot
(3) Homogenizing the cast ingot after the casting is finished, and adopting a three-stage homogenizing process, wherein the first-stage homogenizing temperature is 400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 22 hours; the second-stage homogenization temperature is 465 ℃; the heat preservation time is 20 h; the third-stage homogenization temperature is 474 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 20 hours;
(4) selecting a mould to carry out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion ratio is more than 20, and the size of the mould is 40 multiplied by 150 mm;
(5) the extruded section is subjected to three-stage solid solution, and the solid solution system is as follows: the first-stage solid solution temperature is 455 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, and the second-stage solid solution temperature is as follows: 468 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6h, keeping the third-stage solid solution temperature at 477 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h, and quenching transfer time for 12 s;
(6) the extruded section is subjected to regression and reaging heat treatment, the temperature is kept for 20h at 100 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3h from the temperature rise rate of 40 ℃/h to 155 ℃, water quenching is carried out, the quenching transfer time is 12s, and then the temperature is kept for 20h at 100 ℃.
The properties of the profiles heat-treated with and without the process according to the invention are compared in Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, the spalling corrosion resistance, the stress corrosion resistance and the intercrystalline corrosion resistance of the profile are all obviously improved on the premise that the tensile property at room temperature is not changed greatly after the heat treatment by the method of the invention.
TABLE 3 comparison of the properties of the profiles treated with and without the process according to the invention
Example 4:
(1) the alloy proportion is Zn: 12.5%, Mg: 3.5%, Cu: 1.5%, Zr: 0.15 percent and Sc 0.25 percent; preparing 99.99 percent of refined Al ingot, pure Zn ingot, pure Mg ingot, Al-Cu intermediate alloy, Al-Zr intermediate alloy and Al-Sc intermediate alloy according to the weight percentage;
(2) casting to obtain semi-continuous cast ingot with the size of the cast ingot
(3) Homogenizing the cast ingot after the casting is finished, and adopting a three-stage homogenizing process, wherein the first-stage homogenizing temperature is 410 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24 hours; the second-stage homogenization temperature is 470 ℃; the heat preservation time is 24 h; the third-stage homogenization temperature is 478 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24 hours;
(4) selecting a mould to carry out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion ratio is more than 20, and the size of the mould is 40 multiplied by 150 mm;
(5) the extruded section is subjected to three-stage solid solution, and the solid solution system is as follows: the first-stage solid solution temperature is 460 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4h, the temperature is raised to 470 ℃ along with the furnace, the temperature is kept for 4h, finally the temperature is raised to 478 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4h, and water quenching is carried out immediately;
(6) regression and reaging heat treatment of the extruded section, and the heat preservation temperature is as follows: keeping the temperature at 110 ℃ for 24h, heating to 160 ℃ at the heating rate of 50 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 4h, quenching with water, and keeping the temperature at 110 ℃ for 24 h.
The properties of the profiles heat-treated with and without the process according to the invention are compared in Table 4.
As can be seen from Table 4, after the heat treatment by the method of the present invention, the spalling corrosion resistance, the stress corrosion resistance and the intercrystalline corrosion resistance of the profile are all significantly improved on the premise of little change of the room temperature tensile property.
TABLE 4 comparison of the properties of the profiles treated with and without the process according to the invention
From the performance analysis, the heat treatment method provided by the invention can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the 800 MPa-level section bar on the premise that the strength performance is not reduced basically. The prepared section has the L-directional tensile strength of more than 800MPa, the elongation of more than 8 percent, the LT-directional performance tensile strength of more than 750MPa, the elongation of more than 6 percent and the spalling corrosion performance of more than EB level; the stress corrosion performance can resist 300MPa stress for 20 days; the intergranular corrosion depth is not more than 0.06 mm. Has wide application prospect in the fields of aviation, aerospace, nuclear industry, transportation, weaponry and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A heat treatment method for improving corrosion performance of 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heat treatment method comprises a heat treatment process of return re-aging after solid solution of the extruded section, which comprises the following steps: the heat treatment process specifically comprises the following steps: the regression and reaging comprises a first-stage low-temperature preaging process, a second-stage regression and aging treatment process and a third-stage reaging process, wherein the second-stage regression and aging treatment process adopts a slow temperature rise and medium-high temperature regression mode to carry out regression and aging heat treatment.
2. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800MPa grade aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat treatment process comprises the following specific steps:
the temperature is kept at 90-110 ℃ for 15-24 h, the temperature is raised to 145-160 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-50 ℃/h, the temperature is kept for 2-4 h, quenching is carried out immediately, and then the temperature is kept at 90-110 ℃ for 15-24 h.
3. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the quenching transfer time is less than 15 s.
4. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800 MPa-grade aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the quenching process adopts water quenching.
5. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800MPa grade aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat treatment method also comprises the following steps before the heat treatment process:
step one, preparing materials according to the chemical components and weight percentage of alloy, smelting to obtain a semi-continuous ingot, wherein the size of the ingot is
And step two, homogenizing the cast ingot, peeling, and performing hot extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is controlled to be 20 or more, and the thickness of the final extruded section is not less than 40mm, and the width is not less than 150 mm.
6. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800MPa grade aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solid solution adopts a three-stage solid solution process: the primary solid solution temperature is 450-460 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2-4 h, the temperature is raised to 465-470 ℃ along with the furnace, the temperature is kept for 2-4 h, and finally the temperature is raised to 475-478 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 2-4 h.
7. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800MPa grade aluminum alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: and in the second step, the homogenization adopts a three-level homogenization process.
8. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800MPa grade aluminum alloy according to claim 7, wherein the heat treatment method comprises the following steps: the three-stage homogenization process specifically comprises the following steps:
the first-stage homogenization temperature is 390-410 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-24 h; the second-stage homogenization temperature is 460-470 ℃; the heat preservation time is 15-24 h; the third-stage homogenization temperature is 470-478 ℃, the heat preservation time is 15-24 h, and the total heat preservation time is 50h or more.
9. The heat treatment method for improving the corrosion performance of the 800MPa grade aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alloy applicable to the heat treatment method comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: 9.0-12.5% of main alloying elements Zn, 2.5-3.5% of Mg and 0.8-1.5% of Cu; 0.08-0.15% of microalloying element Zr and 1-2 of Sc 0.05-0.25%; fe is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, other impurities are less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being Al.
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| CN116732373A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-09-12 | 包头职业技术学院 | Preparation process of AA7136 aluminum alloy with low Zn content |
| CN116732373B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-10-10 | 包头职业技术学院 | Preparation process of AA7136 aluminum alloy with low Zn content |
| CN117127130A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-11-28 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Multistage homogenization treatment method for aluminum alloy and aluminum alloy |
| CN117127130B (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2024-02-20 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Multistage homogenization treatment method for aluminum alloy and aluminum alloy |
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