CN115043723A - 一种衣康酸锌的用途及含有衣康酸锌除味剂的制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种衣康酸锌的用途及含有衣康酸锌除味剂的制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115043723A CN115043723A CN202210763164.4A CN202210763164A CN115043723A CN 115043723 A CN115043723 A CN 115043723A CN 202210763164 A CN202210763164 A CN 202210763164A CN 115043723 A CN115043723 A CN 115043723A
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- zinc
- itaconate
- zinc itaconate
- water
- acid
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- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种衣康酸锌的用途及含有衣康酸锌除味剂的制备工艺，制得衣康酸锌水溶液，相较于市面常用的蓖麻油酸锌除臭剂相比较除味效果更优异，蓖麻油酸锌是不溶于水的物质，使用前还需要添加大量助溶剂和氨基酸等才能使其溶于水，使锌活化溶于水而发挥除臭作用，制备工艺复杂成本较高。安全性方面，锌做为一种生物元素对人的重要性仅次于铁，是人体所必须的，同时锌也是一类广谱安全的抗菌剂。衣康酸是通过微生物发酵方式实现可再生原材料的生产。衣康酸具有优异的去除臭味能力，去臭味效果彻底，且臭味不再复生，从而实现清新空气的目的；同时兼具抗菌功能，产品主要为水性体系安全环保，应用范围广，不会对人体和环境造成威胁。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于祛味剂技术领域，具体涉及一种衣康酸锌的用途及含有衣康酸锌除味剂的制备工艺。
背景技术
人一生中在室内生活的时间平均占70～90％，室内空气质量与人体健康直接相关。臭气一般都对人体有害，会引发头痛、恶心，特别影响人的嗅觉，使人对香、臭等各种感觉不灵敏，严重的还会形成“聋鼻子”，使生活质量下降。随着经济发展和社会的进步，环境保护意识的提高，人们对大气质量提出了更高的要求。恶臭作为一种环境污染己成为世界七大公害之一″.身体健康危害极大。呼吸系统，循环系统，消化系统，内分泌系统，神经系统.精神状况等方面的影响。人们长期在恶臭严重的工作环境中劳动会丧失嗅觉，大脑皮层调节功能失调.使人厌食、恶心、烦躁不安，思想不集中，效率低，判断力、记忆力下降等危害。恶臭物质的种类有很多，它们在一般情况下基本都是挥发性强的物质，毒性不等，给人的感官感觉在不同浓度下也有所不同。有些恶臭气体的毒性很强，甚至可以致死，有些嗅阑值极低，主要成分大致有几种按臭味基团是否含氮、硫、氧等官能团，可将臭气分为三类：含氮化合物，如氨、甲胺、烟碱；含硫化合物，如硫化氢、硫醇、硫化物；含氧化合物，如乙酸等小分子酸、醛、酮等。
根据臭味产生基团的不同，研究者们已经研究出不同类型的除臭产品。从除臭原理上讲，除臭剂主要有以下几种类型：物理除臭剂、化学除臭剂、微生物型除臭剂、植物型除臭剂等。物理掩盖法除臭是用一些怡人的芳香剂掩盖臭味，但是当芳香剂挥发后，臭气分子依然存在，不能彻底消除；吸附法除臭是用一些类似活性炭、硅藻土的多孔物质吸附住臭气分子，该方法的缺点是吸附具有选择性(如活性炭对氨气、三甲胺等胺类物质的消臭作用就极不理想)。而且活性炭需要定期更换或者再生，成本较高，吸附饱和后存在二次污染问题；利用臭氧或者酶反应除臭的可行性不高，臭氧本身是一种大气污染物，生物酶活性易失活且对只对单一臭气成分起作用，提取成本高等。微生物除臭对温度酸碱度溶氧量等有严格要求，通过微生物的代谢活动使其降解的一种过程。其优点是环保性好，生物除臭剂原料提取工艺复杂，成本高昂、除臭效果缓慢的缺陷，对已散发出的恶臭难以发挥作用，并且占地广、投入高，运行管理麻烦。植物型除味剂是植物根茎液的提取物，含有大量活性官能团可通过醚化反应、羟基化反应、中和反应等一系列复杂的过程与有害性气体发生反应起到消除臭味作用，环保性好，除臭反应迅速，缺点是植物来源较多，成分复杂多样，市场产品参差不齐，对用户实际选择造成较大因扰，提取工艺繁琐，容易腐败变质，需要添加大量抗氧化剂防腐剂和抗菌剂，添加生物酵素的植物提取液受到使用环境的温度限制，温度过高过低都不能有很好的除臭能力，使用成本较高。普通化学除臭剂对特定成分的臭味源具有较好的消除效果，生活中的臭味成分较为复杂，使用较为受限，除臭效果不佳。为了克服这些缺陷，人们进行了大量的研究，例如：专利号CN108744928A公开了一种植物型室内除味剂及其制备方法，用来清除局部空间内异味，从多种植物中提取，制备过程需要先粉碎打浆，过筛，升温回流提取，调整PH，加入生物酶进行酶解，高温灭活酶，离心，再混合各类提取液和各种功能性助剂，制备过程繁琐，成本高昂。专利号CN111514740B公开了一种生物除味剂及其制备方法，生物除味剂包括以下原料：生物酶、厌氧性菌群、好氧性菌群、植物提取液、酵素液、净化因子、火山泥、二氧化钛纤维、酸性二氧化硅溶胶、偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯、贵金属活性组分。该除味剂配方复杂，生物酶对反应条件要求较高，容易失活，采用贵金属活性成分掺杂二氧化钛作为光催化剂降解有机污染物，成本较高昂，对光照要求高，同时植物提取液中含有大量多酚，使光催化反应中产生的羟基自由基被吸收湮灭，量子效率低，各种除味技术组合并不能很好地相容等问题。专利号CN108159865A公开了一种含活性锌原子的环保除臭剂，按照重量份数包括以下组分：锌有机酸盐5-8份，配位剂3-5份，有机磷化合物1-3份，增溶剂1-5份，香味剂0-2份，pH调节剂0.1-2份，水70-90份。该除臭剂尽管对氨气、硫化氢、硫醚类在内的多种恶臭气体具有效果，但不满足醛类、苯类、脂类、酸类、硫醚类、砜类、酰胺类等的除臭，且该除臭剂在使用后发现存在浓烈的蓖麻油酸酯的气味并留下粘稠的残渣并难以去除，污染处理的空间。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种衣康酸锌的用途及含有衣康酸锌除味剂的制备工艺。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：本发明提供了一种衣康酸锌，衣康酸锌的合成步骤为：将氧化锌和衣康酸按摩尔比例1∶1-30投入水中，先溶解衣康酸，再投放氧化锌，以衣康酸锌生成重量计，浓度为0.1-30％，溶液中未与氧化锌反应的余量衣康酸与生成衣康酸锌比例为0-20∶0.1-30作为除味剂反应体系。
一种衣康酸锌可应用于除味剂，衣康酸锌除味剂组分为衣康酸锌、功能助剂、溶剂，有以下配方：(1)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-30％，水溶性柠檬精油1份，抗氧化剂抗坏血酸0.5份，焦性没食子酸/单宁酸或者儿茶酚2份，余量为去离子水，搅拌溶解即可。
(2)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-60％，抗坏血酸0.1％-2％，硫酸锌/硫酸亚铁/硫酸铜1％-8％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
(3)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-8％，水溶性植物精油0.5-1％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
(4)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-9％，水溶性植物精油0.1％-1％，氨基酸0.01-1％，氨基酸为氨甘酸/谷氨酸/苯丙氨酸等，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
(5)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-10％，衣康酸1-5％，偶联剂0.01-1％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
衣康酸锌可作为抑制磷酸果糖激酶2和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性的材料。
本发明的有益效果是：以衣康酸及衣康酸锌为主要活性除臭活性因子，加上配方的合理设计，极大的发挥产品的除臭除味能力，基本上能去除环境中硫化氢、氨气、三甲胺、异戊酸、硫醇、甲醛、烟味等其他异味臭味分子，同时兼具抗菌性能，从根源上去除臭味。本发明生产耗能低，制作成本低廉，对人体无害，对环境无污染，使用简单，是目前较为理想的除味除臭产品。本发明环保实用，携带方便，广泛应用于卧室、卫生间、健身房、宠物场所、垃圾桶、臭鞋子、汽车内等环境与物品的除臭除味，极大的方便人们的日常生活，满足人们对清新自然的环境需求。衣康酸锌除臭剂组分原料常见，易于加工制备，成本经济，衣康酸锌除臭剂可针对性应用于去除衣物火锅味烧烤味/卫生间/下水道/垃圾中转站/垃圾滤液/餐厨垃圾处理场/养殖除臭/室内空气治理处理/食品加工厂/无臭口罩/无臭用品等领域，除臭起效快，迅速起作用消臭，除臭处理对环境无二次污染，对人体和环境无害，衣康酸锌除臭剂使用方便，超声雾化/喷淋/喷雾均可，根据不同场景采取不同的使用方式，水性体系使除臭剂易于包装保存、运输便利。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本申请实施例衣康酸对醇类/氨类/胺类/硫醇/臭氧/卤素脱臭机理图。
图2是本申请实施例的检测报告。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式做出进一步说明。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定，此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技木特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。下述实验例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法：所使用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，为可从商业途径得到的试剂和材料。
本发明提供了一种衣康酸锌，衣康酸锌的合成步骤为：将衣康酸溶于水中，直至完全溶解，按照衣康酸和氧化锌摩尔比例1∶1投入到衣康酸水溶液中，搅拌直至氧化锌和衣康酸完全反应，此时，溶液呈无色透明状，在常温下即可反应，制得衣康酸锌水溶液。
衣康酸锌应用于除臭剂，衣康酸锌除臭剂组分为衣康酸锌、功能助剂、溶剂，有以下配方，(1)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-30％，水溶性柠檬精油1份，抗氧化剂抗坏血酸0.5份，焦性没食子酸/单宁酸或者儿茶酚2份，余量为去离子水，搅拌溶解即可。
(2)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-60％，抗坏血酸0.1％-2％，硫酸锌/硫酸亚铁/硫酸铜1％-8％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
(3)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-8％，水溶性植物精油0.5-1％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
(4)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-9％，水溶性植物精油0.1％-1％，氨基酸0.01-1％，氨基酸为氨甘酸/谷氨酸/苯丙氨酸等，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
(5)衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-10％，衣康酸1-5％，偶联剂0.01-1％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
衣康酸锌作为抑制磷酸果糖激酶2和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性的材料。
如附图1所示，衣康酸锌应用于除味剂时，有如下实施方式：
实施例1去除衣物火锅味/烧烤味除味剂配方
火锅、烧烤或螺狮粉等食物在食用后身上容易留有油烟，味道较重，需要经过晾晒、冲洗等才能去除，费时费力，喷除味剂是最简便有效的方式，这些油烟味主要成分是油脂的氧化产生风味物质，油挥发性风味物质，据目前已有的研究可知，牛油中的挥发性风味物质达到60-70种，以醛类、醇类、酯类、萜烯类化合物为主，此外，还有一些酮类、羧酸、烷烃以及其他芳香族化合物。为解决衣物附着油烟味除味问题，开发出以衣康酸锌基为主要除味成分，配以其他助剂的火锅除味喷剂。
具体配方如下：衣康酸及氧化锌均为市售，按摩尔比例1∶1投入水中制备衣康酸锌，衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-30％，优选浓度1％-3％，水溶性柠檬精油1份，抗氧化剂抗坏血酸0.5份，焦性没食子酸/单宁酸或者儿茶酚2份，优选单宁酸，余量为去离子水。
除味效果测试：分别请多名志愿者参与除味测试，将制备好的火锅味去除剂放进雾化设备雾化或者小喷瓶对着吸附了大量火锅挥发物或者烧烤的衣物喷雾，只需几秒，立即能把火锅/烧烤味清除，衣物上几乎闻不到味，前后对比非常强烈。
实施例2垃圾中转站/厨余垃圾处理厂/垃圾填埋场/垃圾滤液/养殖场/工业领域等除臭配方
生活垃圾具有含水率高、有机成分多、易腐烂、热值低等特点，国内外学者对垃圾堆积过程中的臭气组成进行了大量研究，主要臭气物质高达到四十多种，臭气气体主要成分为烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、卤代烃、含氮、含硫的有机物，以及部分胺类物质其中氨气和硫化氢及胺类，硫醇由于嗅觉阈值低，对环境造成危害最大，臭气气体产生量：料坑＞地下沥液坑＞厨余车间＞卸料大厅＞处置设备＞干式厌氧＞餐饮车间＞厌氧系统＞沼渣干化＞脱水车间＞气浮车间＞锅炉、发电机房。为解决垃圾产生的臭气问题，开发出以衣康酸锌为主要成份，专门针对垃圾臭气除味配方，配以喷淋方式，该配方除臭效率高，经济，使用便捷，不产生二次污染。
具体配方如下：衣康酸及氧化锌均为市售，按摩尔比例1∶1投入水中，在常温下搅拌，直至完全溶解，制备得衣康酸锌，衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-60％，优选浓度3％-20％，更具体为10％，抗坏血酸0.1％-2％，优选1％，硫酸锌/硫酸亚铁/硫酸铜1％-8％，优选硫酸锌4％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
实施例3宠物除臭抗菌配方
多数宠物毛发旺盛，易粘附灰尘，也容易吸附厨房、厕所等环境臭味，且宠物自身分泌物积累也会滋生细菌，产生异味，给日常“吸猫”“撸狗”带来隐患。除宠物自身代谢易产生臭味外，养宠也会给家庭环境带来异味，臭味来源主要是地板上宠物排泄物残留，被宠物舔舐过的玩具、餐具等。宠物产生的臭味气体主要是多组分、低沸点、小分子质量的混合物，主要包括氨、硫化氢、吲哚、粪臭素等。这类臭味气体具有易挥发、感知阈值低、感受强度与浓度不呈线性关系等特点。长时间处在臭味气体中会对人体的健康造成危害，包括影响人体的呼吸、消化、心血管以及内分泌系统。为解决宠物产生的臭气问题，开发出以衣康酸锌为主要成份，采用喷雾方式，该配方除臭效率高，安全，对人宠无害。
具体配方如下：衣康酸及氧化锌均为市售，按摩尔比例1∶1投入水中，在常温下搅拌，直至完全溶解，制备得衣康酸锌，衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-8％，优选浓度1％，水溶性植物精油0.5-1％，余量为水。
实施例4室内空气污染治理除醛除TVOC配方
随着人们生活水平的提高，居室的装修污染程度越来越严重，而很多装修材料容易释放出甲醛、芳香烃、醇、酯等有害气体到空气中，危害人体的健康。在夏季使用空调、冬季供暖期间，房间比较封闭，空气不流通，装修材料释放的有害气体、人体代谢产物、烟气、烹饪油烟、下水道异味等聚集在室内，浓度比较高，会加重对人体健康的损害。因此，需要对室内空气进行净化。为解决室内污染产生的问题，开发出以衣康酸锌为主要成份，采用喷雾方式，该配方除臭效率高，安全。
具体配方如下：衣康酸及氧化锌均为市售，按摩尔比例1∶1投入水中，在常温下搅拌，直至完全溶解，制备得衣康酸锌，衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-9％，优选浓度1％，水溶性植物精油0.1％-1％，氨基酸0.01-1％，氨基酸为氨甘酸/谷氨酸/苯丙氨酸等，优选0.05％谷氨酸，余量为水。
实施例5无味口罩/织物/纸张等用品浸泽或喷雾配方
口罩是用于过滤进入口鼻的空气，以达到阻挡有害气体、飞沫进出的目的。医生和环保工作者的工作性质决定了他们需要长时间在恶劣环境条件下进行工作，如果不对口鼻进行保护，不仅容易吸入有害细菌而受到感染，而且难闻的气味会对他们的工作状态带来严重影响。医生和环保工作者使用的口罩一般都是不能循环使用的，而现有的一次性口罩只能对固体颗粒物进行阻挡，而不能对有害细菌进行抑制，也不能去除空气中的难闻物质，人体呼出的气体除了二氧化碳和水，同时也有其他臭味微量气体，长时间佩戴口罩，这些气体吸附富集在口罩上，形成难闻的气味，尤其使抽烟者，呼出的气体在口罩上富集，形成很重的口臭味道，会对使用者的身体和工作状态产生不利影响，为解决上述问题，采用衣康酸锌溶液对口罩及其他织物或用品提前进行浸泽或喷雾使衣康酸锌附着在对应物品表面，起到消味和抗菌作用。
具体配方如下：衣康酸及氧化锌均为市售，按摩尔比例1∶1投入水中，在常温下搅拌，直至完全溶解，制备得衣康酸锌，衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-10％，优选浓度3％，衣康酸1-5％，优选1％，偶联剂0.01-1％，优选0.05％。余量为水。具体工序为，先将除味溶液配好，用喷雾或者浸泡方式对要处理的罩/织物/纸张等物品进行处理，烘干或者待自然干燥后，即可得相应的无味用品，该方式完美解决了需要长期佩戴口罩的产生的臭味问题。
实验结果如下表：
注：QB/T2738-2012《日化产品抗菌抑菌效果的评价方法》规定：“杀菌率≥90％，产品有杀菌作用。
本发明衣康酸锌除味剂检测结果由“中广测”出具，如附图2所示。从该表可以获知，按照CT/J516-2017标准检测，氨的去除率为84％，硫化氢去除率为90.7％，甲硫醇去除率为39.2％，对常见的大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌杀菌率达到99.9％。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例，方案中公知的具体结构和/或特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准，说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。
Claims (10)
1.一种衣康酸锌，其特征在于：衣康酸锌的合成步骤为：将氧化锌和衣康酸按摩尔比例1∶1-30投入水中，先溶解衣康酸，再投放氧化锌，以衣康酸锌生成重量计，浓度为0.1-30％。
2.一种衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：将权利要求1所述的衣康酸锌应用于衣康酸锌除味剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：衣康酸锌除味剂的组分为衣康酸锌、功能助剂、溶剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：配方为：衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-30％，水溶性柠檬精油1份，抗氧化剂抗坏血酸0.5份，焦性没食子酸/单宁酸或者儿茶酚2份，余量为去离子水，搅拌溶解即可。
5.根据权利要求4所述的衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：配方为：衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-60％，抗坏血酸0.1％-2％，硫酸锌/硫酸亚铁/硫酸铜1％-8％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
6.根据权利要求3所述的衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：配方为：衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-8％，水溶性植物精油0.5-1％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
7.根据权利要求3所述的衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：配方为：衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-9％，水溶性植物精油0.1％-1％，氨基酸0.01-1％，氨基酸为氨甘酸/谷氨酸/苯丙氨酸等，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
8.根据权利要求3所述的衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：配方为：衣康酸锌浓度为0.5％-10％，衣康酸1-5％，偶联剂0.01-1％，余量为水，搅拌溶解即可。
9.一种衣康酸锌的应用，其特征在于：将权利要求1所述的衣康酸锌作为抑制磷酸果糖激酶2和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性的材料。
10.根据权利要求3所述的衣康酸锌，其特征在于，溶液中未与氧化锌反应的余量衣康酸与生成衣康酸锌比例为0-20∶0.1-30作为除味剂反应体系。
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