CN115039629A - High-quality salix integra breeding method - Google Patents
High-quality salix integra breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115039629A CN115039629A CN202210850914.1A CN202210850914A CN115039629A CN 115039629 A CN115039629 A CN 115039629A CN 202210850914 A CN202210850914 A CN 202210850914A CN 115039629 A CN115039629 A CN 115039629A
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- salix integra
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly discloses a high-quality salix integra breeding method, which comprises the steps of selecting strains, collecting variety resources introduced into places such as funnan, Shandong and the like, carrying out cuttage propagation on the variety resources in a test base, investigating characteristic characteristics such as disease resistance, high yield, few branches, rod shape and the like, finding some variant single plants, and further carrying out test screening on the salix integra variant single plants; selecting a new strain with stable characters, good quality, strong disease resistance, strong lodging resistance and high yield, arranging the new strain to perform strain comparison test and multipoint test, and still recovering normal growth after one month of water withdrawal under the condition that the plant height is 70% by water flooding; or can safely overwinter under the natural condition of the lowest temperature of-15 ℃; the bred variety has the advantages of outstanding performance, stable character, strong adaptability, high growth speed, upright willow rod shape, bright white color, strong flexibility, strong disease and insect resistance, high yield, good consistency, remarkable yield increase, disease and insect resistance and suitability for wide popularization and planting in low-lying areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a high-quality salix integra breeding method.
Background
The Salix integra is shrub of Salix of Salicaceae. Willow weaving technology has a long history in China, and cultivation and processing of salix integra have been in history for thousands of years. The salix integra in Funan county is rich in resources, is located along the Huai-xing flood storage area, is very suitable for the growth of the salix integra in 20 ten thousand mu river beach depression, is superior to other areas in the quality of the salix integra in Funan county, and is suitable for weaving various salix integra artware. At present, 8 ten thousand mu of salix integra planting bases are built, and 5.6 billion jin of willow twigs are produced annually. With the innovation of wicker technology, agricultural and forestry waste raw materials such as grass, bamboo, wood, vine, plant straws and the like can be obtained from local resources, so that a good foundation is laid for sustainable development of the wicker industry, and the wicker industry in Funan county has evolved into an energy-saving and low-carbon green and environment-friendly industry which changes waste into valuable.
In recent years, funnan county has paid high attention to the development of the wickerwork industry, and the honor of the country of Chinese salix integra is valued, so that the industrial structure is adjusted around the market demand, the Zhuangda Yuan enterprises are cultivated, the cultural connotation of the wickerwork industry is excavated, and the transformation development of the wickerwork industry is promoted. But the salix integra has mixed sources, uneven wilting and lack of excellent germplasm resources, and the rapid development of the salix integra industry is severely restricted.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a high-quality salix integra breeding method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-quality salix integra breeding method, which comprises the steps of collecting variety resources introduced into places such as funnan, Shandong and the like through strain selection, carrying out cuttage propagation on a test base, investigating characteristic characteristics such as disease resistance, high yield, few branches, rod shape and the like, finding some variation single plants, and further carrying out test screening on the salix integra variation single plants; selecting a new strain with stable characters, good quality, strong disease resistance, strong lodging resistance and high yield, arranging the new strain to perform strain comparison test and multipoint test, and still recovering normal growth after one month of water withdrawal under the condition that the plant height is 70% by water flooding; or can safely overwinter under the natural condition of the lowest temperature of-15 ℃; breeding to obtain high-quality variety, so as to solve the above-mentioned defects in the technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for breeding high-quality salix integra comprises the following specific steps
The method comprises the following steps: selecting strains, collecting variety resources of places such as the Venus Funanensis and Shandong, carrying out cuttage propagation in a test base, investigating growth characteristics and characteristics of cuttage seedlings after planting, searching for a mutant single plant, and further carrying out test screening on the salix integra mutant single plant;
step two: selecting single plants, comparing strains, breeding in a mixed line mode, and planting under the following conditions:
deeply ploughing soil by 20-30cm, harrowing and leveling the ridge, wherein the ridge width is 150-200cm, planting 5 rows of salix integra in the ridge, the ridge width of the ridge is 45cm, the grafting row spacing of the salix integra in the ridge is 30-40cm, the length of the ridge is set to 30m, uniformly fertilizing in the ridge, and watering after cuttage to ensure that the root system of the salix integra survives;
step three: observing the growth condition of the salix integra after the salix integra survives, screening out the salix integra with stable neutral plant, good quality, strong disease resistance, strong lodging resistance and high yield, culturing to obtain a new strain of the plant, and arranging the new strain to perform strain comparison test and multipoint test under the following test conditions
Under the condition that the plant height is 70% after water is drowned for one month, normal growth is still recovered;
can safely overwinter under the natural condition of the lowest temperature of-15 ℃;
the plants which can survive and grow normally after the experiment are used as a preferred new strain;
step four: further preferably, the salix integra seedlings obtained by breeding the preferred new strain have the advantages of outstanding variety performance, stable character, strong adaptability, high growth speed, vertical salix rod shape, bright white color, strong flexibility, strong pest and disease resistance, high yield, good consistency and remarkable yield increase and are used as seedlings to be cultivated and propagated, and the breeding of the high-quality salix integra is completed.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, in the first step, the cuttage seedlings with disease resistance, high yield, less branching and straight rod shape of the salix integra variety are selected.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the fertilization standard in the step two is 3100-
3000 and 4000kg of high-quality ring fertilizer;
20kg of urea;
20kg of ammonium bicarbonate;
60kg of compound fertilizer.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the flexibility of the salix integra is compared in the salix integra breeding, and the comparison method comprises the steps of selecting salix integra strips with the same diameter, bending the salix integra strips into circles, and recording the minimum circle diameter meeting the surrounding requirements.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, a comparison experiment is carried out after the salix integra is bred, and sparse planting and close planting comparison are respectively carried out in the experiment to obtain the optimal planting environment.
In the technical scheme, the invention provides the following technical effects and advantages:
through strain selection, variety resources of the places of introduction of funnan, Shandong and the like are collected, cuttage propagation is carried out in a test base, characteristic characteristics of the variety resources, such as disease resistance, high yield, few branches, rod shape and the like, are inspected, some mutant single plants are found, and the osier mutant single plants are further subjected to test screening; selecting a new strain with stable characters, good quality, strong disease resistance, strong lodging resistance and high yield, arranging the new strain to perform strain comparison test and multipoint test, and still recovering normal growth after one month of water withdrawal under the condition that the plant height is 70% by water flooding; or can safely overwinter under the natural condition of the lowest temperature of-15 ℃; the bred variety has the advantages of outstanding performance, stable character, strong adaptability, high growth speed, upright willow rod shape, bright white color, strong flexibility, strong disease and insect resistance, high yield, good consistency, remarkable yield increase, disease and insect resistance and suitability for wide popularization and planting in low-lying areas.
Drawings
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a view showing a stem of Salix integra No. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing a conventional Salix integra rod of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flexibility measurement of the round loop of the salix integra No. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of measuring flexibility of a common salix integra circular opening.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a breeding method of high-quality salix integra, which comprises the following specific steps
The method comprises the following steps: selecting strains, collecting variety resources of the places of introduction of funnan, Shandong and the like, selecting cuttage seedlings with disease resistance, high yield, few branches and straight rod shapes from the salix integra variety, performing cuttage propagation in a test base, inspecting the growth characteristics and characteristics of the cuttage seedlings after planting, searching a mutant single plant, and further performing test screening on the salix integra mutant single plant;
step two: selecting single plants, comparing strains, breeding in a mixed line mode, and planting under the following conditions:
deeply ploughing soil by 20-30cm, harrowing and leveling the ridge, wherein the ridge width is 150-200cm, planting 5 rows of salix integra in the ridge, the ridge width of the ridge is 45cm, the grafting row spacing of the salix integra in the ridge is 30-40cm, the length of the ridge is set to 30m, uniformly fertilizing in the ridge, and watering after cuttage to ensure that the root system of the salix integra survives;
the standard of the fertilization is 3100-
3000 and 4000kg of high-quality ring fertilizer;
20kg of urea;
20kg of ammonium bicarbonate;
60kg of compound fertilizer;
step three: observing the growth condition of the salix integra after the salix integra survives, screening out the salix integra with stable neutral plant, good quality, strong disease resistance, strong lodging resistance and high yield, culturing to obtain a new strain of the plant, and arranging the new strain to perform strain comparison test and multipoint test under the following test conditions
Under the condition that the plant height is 70% after water is drowned for one month, normal growth is still recovered;
can safely overwinter under the natural condition of the lowest temperature of-15 ℃;
the plants which can survive and grow normally after the experiment are used as a preferred new strain;
step four: further preferably, the salix integra seedlings obtained by breeding the preferred new strain have the advantages of outstanding variety performance, stable character, strong adaptability, high growth speed, vertical salix rod shape, bright white color, strong flexibility, strong pest and disease resistance, high yield, good consistency and remarkable yield increase and are used as seedlings to be cultivated and propagated, and the breeding of the high-quality salix integra is completed.
The flexibility of the salix integra is compared in salix integra breeding, and the comparison method comprises the steps of selecting salix integra strips with the same diameter, bending the salix integra strips into circles, and recording the minimum circle diameter meeting the surrounding requirements.
And performing comparison experiments after the seed selection of the salix integra, and performing sparse planting and close planting comparison in the experiments to obtain the optimal planting environment.
Through comparison of phenological period and yield of 2019-adulterated osier for 2021 for 3 years and observation and record of biological characteristics and the like, comprehensive analysis is carried out according to expression results of various characters, the breeding work of the high-quality salix integra is smoothly completed, a new variety of salix integra No. 2 is obtained, and a comparative test is carried out on the new variety of salix integra, which is as follows
The salix integra No. 1 and the salix integra No. 3 are introduced as a control group, and the salix integra No. 1 and the salix integra No. 3 are superior varieties found in the breeding process.
Referring to figures 1-4: the straight and white rod of the salix integra No. 2, the bending color of the ordinary salix integra rod is black, and the round opening of the salix integra No. 2 is smaller than that of the ordinary salix integra, which shows that the flexibility is better.
The three varieties of salix integra seedling growth record data are as follows
The description table of the growth period of the salix integra test:
the agricultural characters of the salix integra test are recorded in the field table as follows:
the field record table of the agricultural characters of the test is as follows:
the agricultural characters of the salix integra test are recorded in the field table as follows:
the following can be seen by referring to the attached drawings and the description table: the quality of branches of the salix integra No. 2 is better, the appearance and the flexibility of the branches are obviously superior to those of the salix integra No. 1 and the salix integra No. 3 and the existing varieties, the willow weaving and processing are convenient, the new variety of the salix integra No. 2 is better in growth vigor after being densely planted, the survival rate is still higher, the branches have the advantage of less plant diseases and insect pests, in addition, the resistance to galls of the salix integra rust disease, salix integra flea-beetles, blue-eye moths and gallnut mosses is strong, and the branches are suitable for being widely planted in low-lying areas along Huai-Huai provinces in Anhui province;
through planting experiments, the following results are found: the new salix integra No. 2 variety is warm and bright in favor, upright and stout in stem, uniform in colony, less in bifurcation, high in yield, upright in rod shape, bright and white in color, strong in flexibility, strong in pest resistance, uniform in expression, and the yield is remarkably increased by 12% compared with that of a control (salix integra No. 1).
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that come within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A high-quality salix integra breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps
The method comprises the following steps: selecting strains, collecting variety resources of places such as the Venus Funanensis and Shandong, carrying out cuttage propagation in a test base, investigating growth characteristics and characteristics of cuttage seedlings after planting, searching for a mutant single plant, and further carrying out test screening on the salix integra mutant single plant;
step two: selecting single plants, comparing strains, breeding in a mixed line mode, and planting under the following conditions:
deeply ploughing soil by 20-30cm, harrowing and leveling the ridge, wherein the ridge width is 150-200cm, planting 5 rows of salix integra in the ridge, the ridge width of the ridge is 45cm, the grafting row spacing of the salix integra in the ridge is 30-40cm, the length of the ridge is set to 30m, uniformly fertilizing in the ridge, and watering after cuttage to ensure that the root system of the salix integra survives;
step three: observing the growth condition of the salix integra after the salix integra survives, screening out the salix integra with stable neutral plant, good quality, strong disease resistance, strong lodging resistance and high yield, culturing to obtain a new strain of the plant, and arranging the new strain to perform strain comparison test and multipoint test under the following test conditions
Under the condition that the plant height is 70% after water is drowned for one month, normal growth is still recovered;
can safely overwinter under the natural condition of the lowest temperature of-15 ℃;
the plants which can survive and grow normally after the experiment are used as a preferred new strain;
step four: further preferably, the salix integra seedlings obtained by breeding the preferred new strain have the advantages of outstanding variety performance, stable character, strong adaptability, high growth speed, vertical salix rod shape, bright white color, strong flexibility, strong pest and disease resistance, high yield, good consistency and remarkable yield increase and are used as seedlings to be cultivated and propagated, and the breeding of the high-quality salix integra is completed.
2. The method for breeding the high-quality salix integra according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, a cuttage seedling with disease resistance, high yield, less branching and straight rod shape is selected from the salix integra variety.
3. The method for breeding the high-quality salix integra according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fertilization standard in the step two is 3100-
3000 and 4000kg of high-quality ring fertilizer;
20kg of urea;
20kg of ammonium bicarbonate;
60kg of compound fertilizer.
4. The method for breeding the high-quality salix integra according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the flexibility of the salix integra is compared in salix integra breeding, and the comparison method comprises the steps of selecting salix integra strips with the same diameter, bending the salix integra strips into circles, and recording the minimum circle diameter meeting the surrounding requirements.
5. The method for breeding the high-quality salix integra according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and performing a comparison experiment after the selective breeding of the salix integra, and performing sparse planting and close planting comparison in the experiment to obtain the optimal planting environment.
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Cited By (1)
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CN116918661A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-10-24 | 四川聚元药业集团有限公司 | Breeding method of new strain of paeonia lactiflora |
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