CN115028544A - 一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115028544A CN115028544A CN202210595330.4A CN202210595330A CN115028544A CN 115028544 A CN115028544 A CN 115028544A CN 202210595330 A CN202210595330 A CN 202210595330A CN 115028544 A CN115028544 A CN 115028544A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- formamide
- reaction
- deformylation
- aromatic
- rare earth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000006344 deformylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000006198 deformylation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Substances CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZDYNTRMQDURVDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl)azanide;lanthanum(3+) Chemical compound [La+3].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C.C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C.C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C ZDYNTRMQDURVDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 rare earth amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006606 decarbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006324 decarbonylation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000022244 formylation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006170 formylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007126 N-alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006242 amine protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017858 demethylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010520 demethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000875 high-speed ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Natural products O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/62—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by cleaving carbon-to-nitrogen, sulfur-to-nitrogen, or phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds, e.g. hydrolysis of amides, N-dealkylation of amines or quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/68—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/14—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
- C07C227/18—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof by reactions involving amino or carboxyl groups, e.g. hydrolysis of esters or amides, by formation of halides, salts or esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/12—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides by reactions not involving the formation of carboxamide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/74—Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms having only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于有机化学技术领域,具体为一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用。本发明方法包括在惰性气体氛围和稀土催化剂存在下,于有机溶剂中,由芳香甲酰胺去甲酰化得到相应的芳香胺和一氧化碳。本发明方法无需使用任何添加剂,是直接脱出一氧化碳气体,不会对后续反应产生干扰,具备反应条件温和、原子经济性高、操作简单,产物收率高等优点;本发明方法对酯和酰氯等敏感官能团的兼容性比已有方法好;得益于独特的脱羰机理,本发明去甲酰化方法选择性识别强,能区分芳香甲酰胺和脂肪甲酰胺,由此赋予胺的甲酰化和去甲酰化反应一些新应用,包括多胺的定点选择性保护和官能团化,反转有机官能团的常规反应性等。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机化学技术领域,具体涉及一类芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用。
背景技术
胺的保护-脱保护是有机合成中经常涉及的反应过程。尽管科学家们已经开发出了许多氨基的保护/活化基团,例如苄氧羰基(Cbz)、叔丁氧羰基(Boc)、对甲苯磺酰基(Ts)等。然而,安装这些保护基团通常需要使用过量的碱和相应的酰氯或酸酐,由此产生大量盐型废物。而在履行完保护(活化)任务后,脱除这些基团,又需要使用计量的强酸、强碱、还原剂、氧化剂或其它昂贵试剂,甚至剧烈反应条件,同样存在官能团容忍性差和废物产生量大等方面的问题。还有重要的一点是,在这些条件下去保护的胺通常需要先进行费时费力的分离提纯,然后才能用于后续反应。由此降低了合成效率,这对于大规模合成应用而言尤其成问题,因为它增加了环境负担、经济成本和合成操作。因此,期盼发展胺脱保护基的新方法。
甲酰基是最简单的胺保护基团。与其它保护基团比较,甲酰胺的酰胺键更稳定,N-甲酰基也更容易引入,可采用简单易得的甲酸、甲酸酯或者一氧化碳作为酰化试剂,原子经济性更高,能耐受的胺保护条件范围更广。因此,利用甲酰基作为胺保护基在有机合成中具有重要的应用价值。但不利的因素是甲酰胺的相对强的酰胺键共振稳定化能同时也会增加N-去甲酰化反应的难度,使得反应条件变苛刻,导致去甲酰化过程的官能团容忍性变弱。传统的去甲酰化方法通常需要强酸(碱)存在下加热、或者使用还原剂、氧化剂或其它昂贵试剂(J.Med.Chem.2005,48,3919-3929),这极大地限制了该方法的使用。
除此之外,也有文献报道过其它的甲酰胺去甲酰化的方法。例如,文献(Tetrahedron Letters.2007,48,4585–4588)报道了利用Al2O3负载的KF存在下的微波反应能使甲酰胺去甲酰化。文献(J.Heterocyc.Chem.2008,45,597)报道了利用2.5倍当量的FeCl3·H2O实现了甲酰胺的去甲酰化。文献(Synthetic Communications,2013,43,361–374)报道了在1.5倍当量NaOH存在下,并借助高速球磨的方式能使甲酰胺去甲酰化。但这些方法皆存在与强酸(碱)促进的甲酰胺水解脱保护相似的缺点,即需要使用当量的碱,并会给体系引入额外的副产物。
本发明介绍了第一个金属催化甲酰胺脱羰反应,该反应代表了一种最原子经济性、最清洁的N-去甲酰化方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法,该方法不仅避免了使用其它反应试剂和添加剂,还能克服传统去甲酰化方法对酯基等敏感基团不兼容的缺点并提高多保护基存在下的单脱保护基选择性。进一步,利用甲酰胺催化脱羰反应作为关键步骤,本发明还建立一种调控脂肪胺和芳香胺亲核取代反应选择性的新方法。例如,利用芳香甲酰胺能催化脱羰,而相同条件下脂肪甲酰胺不能脱羰的差异性,将原本脂肪胺更容易发生N-烷基化的反应反转为芳香胺选择性发生N-烷基化。
本发明提供的芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法,具体步骤为:
以芳香甲酰胺(I)为原料,以商品化或易制备的稀土金属配合物﹝Ln﹞为催化剂,在有机溶剂中,于25-130℃条件下反应10-60分钟,反应完成后,经过分离纯化得到对应的胺(II);其反应路线为:
式中,(het)Ar选自各种取代和非取代的芳基和杂芳基;R2选自烷基或芳基。
本发明中,所述有机溶剂选自为不与反应物、催化剂和产物发生化学反应的有机溶剂,具体优选为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
进一步地,所用有机溶剂的质量是原料的5-30倍;优选为15-20倍。
本发明中,所述稀土金属配合物催化剂选自稀土烷基配合物、稀土芳基配合物、稀土胺基配合物;所述稀土金属选自Y、La、Sm、Yb、Lu;优选为La的烷基、芳基、胺基配合物。
本发明中,所述的催化剂与原料甲酰胺(I)的摩尔比为0.03-0.2;优选摩尔比为0.05-0.15。
本发明中,反应温度为25-130℃,优选反应温度25-100℃,反应时间一般在10-60分钟,优选反应时间为30-60分钟,更优选反应时间30-40分钟。
本发明中,所述分离纯化采用的是柱层析分离纯化法。具体是在反应结束后,蒸出溶剂,经湿法上样进行柱层析分离纯化干燥即得目标产物。其中,淋洗液为石油醚与乙酸乙酯混合物,石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为30:1-10:1,优选为20:1-15:1。
作为本发明方法的应用,是通过甲酰基作为胺基的保护基团,实现二胺的选择性亲核取代反应,包括以下步骤:
以式(III)所示二胺为底物,与甲酸铵反应,得到N-甲基-N-(4-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)苄基)甲酰胺化合物(IV);然后,按照上述芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法,以化合物IV作为原料,以5-10mol%的La[N(TMS)2]3为催化剂,在DMF中,于50-120℃条件下反应0.5-12小时,反应完成后,经过分离纯化,得到苄位N-甲酰化产物(V)。碱性条件下,化合物V与溴化苄在乙腈中回流反应15-20小时,经过分离纯化得到式(VI)所示产物;最后,在过量的强碱(1.2-1.5当量的甲醇钠)存在下,于80-100℃加热化合物VI的甲醇溶液2-5小时,得到式(VII)所示选择性芳胺N-苄基化的产物。其反应式为:
本发明是利用稀土金属配合物作为催化剂,首次实现芳香甲酰胺的催化去甲酰化反应。
其有益效果主要体现在:
1、本发明的芳香甲酰胺的去甲酰化方法,是首例甲酰胺类化合物的催化脱羰反应;
2、本发明方法的副产物是一氧化碳气体,不会对反应后续处理产生干扰,并具备反应条件温和,无需任何添加剂和额外配体,原子经济性高,操作简单,产物收率高等优点;
3、本发明方法对于酸、碱敏感基团,如酯基兼容性好;
4、本发明方法应用范围限于芳香甲酰胺,对脂肪甲酰胺无效,借此可以实现对芳香胺和脂肪胺的反应性进行调控,实现一些其它方法难以实现的反应。胺的保护和脱保是有机合成,特别是生物活性分子中使用最广的反应。显然,本发明为胺的保护和脱保护开辟了新愿景,不仅为芳香甲酰胺的去甲酰化提供了一种全新的简便方法,而且还为多胺的一些挑战性区域选择性官能团化创造了机会,具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合具体的实施案例对本发明进一步说明。应该理解为,本发明实施案例仅用于说明本发明,而不是对本发明的限制,本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此.在本发明的构思前提下,对本发明所述的N-去甲酰化方法的简单改进和底物适用范围的扩充都属于本发明要求保护的范围。
实施例1
室温下,在手套箱内,将0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3加入到带四氟乙烯旋塞和磁性搅拌子的25mL Schlenk反应瓶中,加溶剂DMF 3.0mL,充分搅拌溶解后,加入0.50mmol上式(I)化合物。将反应瓶从手套箱取出,放置加热模块上,搅拌升温至100℃,并在该温度下搅拌反应30分钟。反应结束后,将混合物倾入乙酸乙酯中,加盐水洗涤,分离出水层,将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层(即合并洗涤后的有机层和萃取得到的有机层),用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,粗产物通过快速柱色谱(石油醚/乙酸乙酯,两者体积比为10:1)提纯,从而得到上式(II),产率为95%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.22–7.12(m,2H),6.71(t,JH-H=8.0Hz,1H),6.61(d,JH-H=8.0Hz,2H),3.67(br s,1H),2.82(s,3H).13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ149.32,129.19,117.22,112.39,30.72。
实施例2:除将催化剂由La[N(SiMe3)2]3替换为Sm[N(SiMe3)2]3外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为82%。
实施例3:除将催化剂由La[N(SiMe3)2]3替换为Y[N(SiMe3)2]3外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为78%。
实施例4:除将催化剂由La[N(SiMe3)2]3替换为La(CH2SiMe3)3外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为97%。
实施例5:除将催化剂由La[N(SiMe3)2]3替换为La[CH2C6H4(NMe2-o)]3外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为93%。
实施例6:除将催化剂由La[N(SiMe3)2]3替换为Cp2LaPh外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为89%。
实施例7:除将催化剂用量调整至10mol%外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为93%。
实施例8:除将溶剂由DMF替换为DMSO外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为58%。
实施例9:除将反应温度调整至50℃外、反应时间延长至24h外,其它反应条件均不变的情况下,重复实施了实施例1。产率为81%。
实施例10
按照实施例1所述方法,利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率为86%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.06(d,JH-H=8.4Hz,1H),6.56(d,JH-H=8.4Hz,1H),3.48(br s,1H),2.80(s,3H),2.87–2.75(m,1H),1.21(d,J=6.9Hz,6H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ147.47,137.85,127.09,112.55,33.23,31.07,24.33。
实施例11
按照实施例1所述方法,在室温下利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率为72%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.12(d,JH-H=8.9Hz,2H),6.51(d,JH-H=8.8Hz,2H),3.62(br s,1H),2.79(s,3H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ147.84,128.96,121.70,113.39,30.78。
实施例12
按照实施例1所述方法,在室温下利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率为93%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.41(d,JH-H=6.8Hz,2H),6.55(d,JH-H=6.8Hz,2H),4.46(br s,1H),2.86(s,3H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ152.39,133.61,120.73,111.83,98.10,29.91。
实施例13
按照实施例1所述方法,利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率为98%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.19(t,JH-H=7.9Hz,2H),6.71(t,JH-H=7.3Hz,1H),6.66(d,JH-H=7.8Hz,2H),3.55(br s,1H),3.17(q,JH-H=7.1Hz,2H),1.27(s,3H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ148.41,129.19,117.17,112.70,38.44,14.88。
实施例14
按照实施例1所述方法,利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率为98%。核磁共振氢谱和碳谱:1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.44–7.27(m,4H),7.19–6.84(m,6H),5.72(s,1H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ143.10,129.35,120.99,117.80。
实施例15
按照实施例1所述方法,利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率为97%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ6.99(t,JH-H=8.5Hz,2H),6.63(t,JH-H=7.4Hz,1H),6.49(d,JH-H=7.9Hz,1H),3.83(br s,1H),3.32(t,JH-H=5.5Hz,2H),2.79(t,JH-H=6.5Hz,2H),2.13–1.79(m,2H).13CNMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ144.76,129.50,126.70,121.41,116.90,114.16,41.97,26.97,22.17。
实施例16
按照实施例1所述方法,在室温下利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率为98%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.87(d,JH-H=8.4Hz,2H),6.55(d,JH-H=8.4Hz,2H),4.25(br s,1H),3.85(s,3H),2.88(s,3H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ152.88,131.50,118.21,111.09,51.53,30.16。
实施例17
按照实施例1所述方法,利用0.025mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3处理0.5mmol上式(I)化合物的DMF(3mL)溶液,得到上式(II),产率92%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ8.03(s,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.09(t,JH-H=7.0Hz,1H),6.86(d,JH-H=8.2Hz,1H),3.80(br s,1H),2.86(s,3H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ145.14,138.65,135.81,123.66,117.98,30.29。
实施例18
将化合物III(5mmol,750mg)和HCO2NH4(15mmol,946mg)的乙腈溶液加热回流11小时。然后减压除去溶剂,残余物溶解于20mL乙酸乙酯中,并用水洗涤2次(2×10mL)。有机相经MgSO4干燥和脱溶剂,得到化合物IV,产率98%。室温下,在手套箱内,将0.15mmol催化剂La[N(TMS)2]3加入到带四氟乙烯旋塞和磁性搅拌子的25mL Schlenk反应瓶中,加溶剂DMF10mL,充分搅拌溶解后,加入3mmol上式(IV)化合物。将反应瓶从手套箱取出,放置加热模块上,搅拌升温至100℃,并在该温度下搅拌反应30分钟。反应结束后,将混合物倾入乙酸乙酯中,加盐水洗涤,分离出水层,将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层(即合并洗涤后的有机层和萃取得到的有机层),用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,粗产物通过快速柱色谱(石油醚/乙酸乙酯,两者体积比为2:1)提纯,从而得到式V所示化合物,产率为95%。
以1.1倍当量的溴化苄作为亲电试剂,1.5倍当量的碳酸钾作为碱,将上述得到的化合物V在30mL乙腈中回流15小时,反应结束后,将混合物倾入乙酸乙酯中,加盐水洗涤,分离出水层,将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层(即合并洗涤后的有机层和萃取得到的有机层),用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,得到粗产物(VI),将产物(VI)与1.2倍当量的甲醇钠混合,在30mL甲醇中于80摄氏度加热2小时,最终得到芳香胺亲核取代的产物(VII),产率为64%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,ppm):δ7.29(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.25–7.18(m,3H),7.15(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.71(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),4.50(s,2H),3.63(s,2H),2.98(s,3H),2.42(s,3H).13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):δ139.04,129.36,128.56,127.66,126.87,126.79,112.39,56.76,55.42,38.60,35.70。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述稀土金属配合物催化剂选自稀土烷基配合物、稀土芳基配合物、稀土胺基配合物;所述稀土金属选自Y、La、Sm、Yb、Lu。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂与原料甲酰胺(I)的摩尔比为0.03-0.2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、DME、DMSO。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂的质量是原料芳香甲酰胺的5-30倍。
6.根据权利要求1-5之一所述的方法,其特征在于,反应温度25-100℃,反应时间为30-60分钟。
7. 根据权利要求1-5之一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述分离纯化采用柱层析分离纯化法,具体是在反应结束后,蒸出溶剂,经湿法上样进行柱层析分离纯化干燥即得目标产物;其中,淋洗液为石油醚与乙酸乙酯混合物,石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为30:1 - 10:1。
8.如权利要求1-7之一所述方法在以甲酰基作为胺基的保护基团、实现二胺的选择性亲核取代反应中应用,具体步骤为:
以式(III)所示二胺为底物,与甲酸铵反应,得到N-甲基-N-(4-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)苄基)甲酰胺化合物(IV);然后,按照权利要求所述的芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化方法,以化合物IV作为原料,以5-10 mol%的La[N(TMS)2]3为催化剂,在DMF中,于50-120℃条件下反应0.5-12小时, 反应完成后,经过分离纯化,得到苄位N-甲酰化产物(V);碱性条件下,化合物V与溴化苄在乙腈中回流反应15-20小时,经过分离纯化得到式(VI)所示产物;最后,在过量的强碱即1.2-1.5当量的甲醇钠存在下,于80-100℃加热化合物VI的甲醇溶液2-5小时,得到式(VII)所示选择性芳胺N-苄基化的产物,其反应式为:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210595330.4A CN115028544B (zh) | 2022-05-29 | 2022-05-29 | 一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210595330.4A CN115028544B (zh) | 2022-05-29 | 2022-05-29 | 一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115028544A true CN115028544A (zh) | 2022-09-09 |
CN115028544B CN115028544B (zh) | 2024-04-26 |
Family
ID=83121771
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210595330.4A Active CN115028544B (zh) | 2022-05-29 | 2022-05-29 | 一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN115028544B (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104204021A (zh) * | 2012-03-19 | 2014-12-10 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 可辐射固化的含水分散体 |
CN104540863A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2015-04-22 | Sika技术股份公司 | 聚氨酯结构粘合剂 |
WO2016131371A1 (zh) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | 一种制备甲酰胺类化合物的方法 |
CN112062947A (zh) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种己内酰胺共聚物的制备方法 |
WO2021147622A1 (zh) * | 2020-01-24 | 2021-07-29 | 复旦大学 | 一种多孔材料催化二氧化碳氢化制备甲酰胺类化合物的方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-05-29 CN CN202210595330.4A patent/CN115028544B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104204021A (zh) * | 2012-03-19 | 2014-12-10 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 可辐射固化的含水分散体 |
CN104540863A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2015-04-22 | Sika技术股份公司 | 聚氨酯结构粘合剂 |
WO2016131371A1 (zh) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | 一种制备甲酰胺类化合物的方法 |
WO2021147622A1 (zh) * | 2020-01-24 | 2021-07-29 | 复旦大学 | 一种多孔材料催化二氧化碳氢化制备甲酰胺类化合物的方法 |
CN112062947A (zh) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种己内酰胺共聚物的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN115028544B (zh) | 2024-04-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104193676B (zh) | 制备化合物的方法及其合成中间体 | |
CN108947894B (zh) | 联芳结构手性n-甲基吡哆醛催化剂及其合成和应用 | |
EP1930315A1 (en) | Process for production of mono-substituted alkylated compound using aldimine or derivative thereof | |
CN103080088B (zh) | 用于合成药物的中间体化合物的制备方法 | |
CN108558692B (zh) | 一种酰胺类化合物的制备方法 | |
CN115667219A (zh) | 一种(s)-2-氨基-3-(4-(2,3-二甲基吡啶-4-基)苯基)丙酸甲酯二酸盐的制备方法 | |
CN106111190B (zh) | 一种手性联芳骨架吡哆胺类催化剂及其合成方法与应用 | |
US8865942B2 (en) | 2-cyanophenylboronic acid or ester thereof in which impurities are decreased, and production method thereof | |
CN115028544B (zh) | 一种芳香甲酰胺催化去甲酰化的方法及其应用 | |
CN108689858B (zh) | 一种高效制备端炔酰胺类化合物的方法 | |
CN111732536A (zh) | 氨基吡啶类化合物的合成方法 | |
UA73472C2 (en) | A method for producing n-methyl-n-[(1s)-1-phenyl-2-((3s)-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl]-2,2-diphenyl acetamide | |
KR102068754B1 (ko) | 의약품 합성용 중간체 화합물의 제조 방법 | |
CN108586427B (zh) | 阿托伐他汀钙中间体的制备方法 | |
JP3634207B2 (ja) | 光学活性なα−アミノニトリル並びにα−アミノ酸類の製造方法 | |
CN110156641B (zh) | 一种取代胍的合成方法 | |
CN113582972A (zh) | 一种由丁内酯合成手性尼古丁的方法 | |
Kawahata et al. | A single vessel protocol for the efficient formation of amide bonds from esters and lactones | |
US6632950B2 (en) | Process for the preparation of derivatives of 4-amino-3-hydroxypyrrole-2-carboxylic acid | |
CN101113138A (zh) | 二茂铁亚胺环钯配合物催化下芳基腈类衍生物的合成方法 | |
US6284912B1 (en) | Process for synthesizing para-and/or meta-substituted cyanophenyalanine derivatives | |
CN112430212B (zh) | 可循环铋络合物催化的不对称n-二芳基甲基取代的杂环化合物的合成方法 | |
EP1554279B1 (en) | Process for the preparation of zaleplon | |
JP3160321B2 (ja) | アミノ酸アミノアルキルエステルの製造法 | |
CN110511192A (zh) | 一种苯酰胺类化合物及其合成方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |