CN115011958A - 活化洗液和用于处理金属基底的方法 - Google Patents
活化洗液和用于处理金属基底的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115011958A CN115011958A CN202210648687.4A CN202210648687A CN115011958A CN 115011958 A CN115011958 A CN 115011958A CN 202210648687 A CN202210648687 A CN 202210648687A CN 115011958 A CN115011958 A CN 115011958A
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- Prior art keywords
- activating rinse
- component
- substrate
- combination
- copolymer
- Prior art date
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 28
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- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BECVLEVEVXAFSH-UHFFFAOYSA-K manganese(3+);phosphate Chemical class [Mn+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O BECVLEVEVXAFSH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(=O)C=C ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/02—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions
- C23C22/03—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions containing phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
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Abstract
公开了一种用于处理基底的活化洗液。该活化洗液包含:包含平均粒度不大于10μm的二价或者三价金属磷酸盐颗粒的分散体的第一组分,和包含第一和第二共聚物的第二组分。该第一共聚物是通过环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或者其组合聚合来形成的,其中该第一共聚物的一端是通过胺基、羟基或者烷基封端的。该第二共聚物是通过苯乙烯和第二单体聚合来形成的,该第二单体含有至少一个羧酸酯基团、酸酐基团或者其组合。该第二单体的存在量小于第二组分总重量的50重量%。还公开的是用该活化洗液处理基底的方法和用该活化洗液处理的基底。
Description
本申请是申请日为2014年9月5日,申请号为201480048764.6,发明名称为“活化洗液和用于处理金属基底的方法”的分案申请。
发明领域
公开了一种用于处理基底的活化洗液。
发明背景
将磷酸盐转化涂料用于处理金属表面,特别是黑色金属,锌金属和铝金属和它们的合金是公知的。当施用时,这些磷酸盐涂料形成磷酸盐层,主要是磷酸锌和磷酸铁晶体,其提供了耐腐蚀性和/或增强了随后施涂的涂层的附着性。
在施涂磷酸盐涂料之前,将金属基底通常如下来进行“调节”或者“活化”:将该金属基底的表面经受稀释的含水分散体(有时候称作活化洗液或者活化剂),将该金属基底引入或浸入包含活化洗液浴的槽中。金属基底表面的“活化”是由于存在于该活化洗液浴中的胶体磷酸钛颗粒吸附到该金属表面上来实现的。然而,这些胶体磷酸钛颗粒由于通常存在于洗液调节剂浴中的溶解的钙(Ca2+)和镁(Mg2+)离子(硬水离子)而具有在该活化洗液浴中团聚的倾向。
磷酸锌和其他二价金属磷酸盐分散体也可以用于“活化”金属基底的表面,但是这样的分散体通常是不稳定的。
发明内容
公开了一种用于处理基底的活化洗液。在一种实施方案中,该活化洗液包含:
(a)第一组分,其包含二价或者三价金属的磷酸盐颗粒或者其组合的分散体,所述金属磷酸盐颗粒的平均粒度不大于10μm;和
(b)第二组分,其包含:
(i)第一共聚物,其是通过环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或者其组合聚合来形成的,其中该第一共聚物的一端是通过胺基、羟基或者烷基封端的;和
(ii)第二共聚物,其是通过苯乙烯和第二单体聚合来形成的,该第二单体含有至少一个羧酸酯基团、酸酐基团或者其组合,其中该第二单体的存在量小于第二组分总重量的50重量%。
还公开的是一种处理基底的方法。在一种实施方案中,该方法包括:(i)将活化洗液施用到该基底的至少一部分上,其中该活化洗液包含:
(a)第一组分,其包含二价或者三价金属的磷酸盐颗粒或者其组合的分散体,所述金属磷酸盐颗粒的平均粒度不大于10μm;和
(b)第二组分,其包含:
(i)第一共聚物,其是通过环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或者其组合聚合来形成的,其中该第一共聚物的一端是通过胺基、羟基或者烷基封端的;和
(ii)第二共聚物,其是通过苯乙烯和第二单体聚合来形成的,该第二单体含有至少一个羧酸酯基团、酸酐基团或者其组合,其中该第二单体的存在量小于第二组分总重量的50重量%。
在一种实施方案中,还公开了用该活化洗液处理的基底。
具体实施方式
作为此处使用的,除非另有明确规定,否则全部的数字例如表示值、范围、量或者百分比的那些可以解读为用措辞“约”作为前缀的,即使该术语没有明确出现也是如此。还要理解的是复数术语可以包括它的单数对应物,并且反之亦然。
当提及任何数字范围的值时,这样的范围被理解为包括在所述范围最小值和最大值之间的每个和任一数字和/或分数。
作为此处使用的,措辞“活化洗液”将指的是一种水溶液和/或胶体悬浮液或者分散体,其施用到基底的至少一部分上和/或将基底的至少一部分浸入其中来促使在该基底的至少一部分(其是用活化洗液处理的)上形成磷酸锌涂层。因此要理解的是在用磷酸锌溶液来磷化所处理的基底的至少一部分之前,用活化洗液处理该基底。
作为此处使用的,术语“车辆”或者其变体包括但不限于民用、商用和军用陆地车辆例如轿车和卡车。
本发明涉及一种活化洗液,其用于在用磷酸锌溶液磷化基底的至少一部分之前,“活化”或者“调节”该基底的至少一部分。换言之,当该基底的至少一部分(其经受了该活化洗液)用磷酸锌溶液磷化时,该活化洗液促使在该基底上形成磷酸锌和磷酸锌/铁晶体。合适的基底(其可以用该活化洗液处理)的非限定性例子包括但不限于金属和/或金属合金。例如该金属和/或金属合金可以是铝、钢或者锌。在一种实施方案中,钢基底可以包括冷轧钢,电镀锌钢和热浸镀锌钢。在一种实施方案中,该基底可以包含车辆的一部分例如车体(例如但不限于门,车体面板,卡车甲板盖,车顶面板,引擎盖和/或车顶)和/或车架。
在一种实施方案中,公开了一种用于处理基底的活化洗液。在一种实施方案中,该活化洗液包含(a)第一组分,其包含二价或者三价金属的磷酸盐颗粒或者其组合的分散体,所述金属磷酸盐颗粒的平均粒度不大于10μm;和(b)第二组分,其包含:(i)第一共聚物,其是通过环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或者其组合聚合来形成的,其中该第一共聚物的一端是通过胺基、羟基或者烷基封端的;和(ii)第二共聚物,其是通过苯乙烯和第二单体聚合来形成的,该第二单体含有至少一个羧酸酯基团、酸酐基团或者其组合,其中该第二单体的存在量小于第二组分总重量的50重量%。
在一种实施方案中,(a)该第一组分包含二价或者三价金属的磷酸盐颗粒或者其组合的分散体,该金属磷酸盐颗粒的平均粒度不大于10μm,例如是0.06μm-8μm,例如0.1μm-5μm。
在一种实施方案中,粒度可以使用仪器例如获自Malvern,Worcestershire,UK的Malvern Instruments,Ltd.的Mastersizer2000或者等价的仪器来测定。Mastersizer2000引导激光束穿过颗粒的分散体,并且测量该分散体的光散射。分散体的量是与粒度成反比的。一系列的检测器测量了散射光,然后通过计算机软件分析数据来产生粒度分布,由其可以常规地确定平均粒度。
在一种实施方案中,该金属磷酸盐在活化洗液中的存在量可以是50-5000ppm的总金属磷酸盐,基于该活化洗液的总重量计。在另一实施方案中,该金属磷酸盐在洗液调节剂组合物中的存在量可以是150-1500ppm的总金属磷酸盐,基于该活化洗液的总重量计。
在一种实施方案中,该二价或者三价金属可以是锌,铁,钙,锰,铝或者其组合。
可用于洗液调节剂浴中的合适的磷酸锌类包括但不限于Zn3(PO4)2,Zn2Fe(PO4)2,Zn2Ca(PO4)2,Zn2Mn(PO4)2或者其组合。
可用于洗液调节剂浴中的合适的磷酸铁类包括但不限于FePO4,Fe3(PO4)2或者其组合。
可用于洗液调节剂浴中的合适的磷酸钙类包括但不限于CaHPO4,Ca3(PO4)2或者其组合。
可用于洗液调节剂浴中的合适的磷酸锰类包括但不限于Mn3(PO4)2,MnPO4或者其组合。
可用于洗液调节剂浴中的合适的磷酸铝类包括但不限于AlPO4。
在一种实施方案中,(b)该第二组分包含(i)第一共聚物和(ii)第二共聚物。在一种实施方案中,至少一些的(i)第一共聚物和(ii)第二共聚物可以聚合。在一种实施方案中,(i)第一共聚物可以过量存在。
在一种实施方案中,组分(a)与组分(b)的重量比可以是1:1至20:1,例如2:1至10:1,例如4:1至5:1。
如上所述,在一种实施方案中,(i)该第一共聚物可以通过环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或者其组合聚合来形成,其中该第一共聚物的一端是通过胺基、羟基或者烷基封端的,例如获自Huntsman Corporation的Jeffamine M系列。在一种实施方案中,(i)该第一共聚物可以通过包含结构(I)的单体的聚合来形成:
(I)
在实施方案中,R1可以是NH2或者OR2,R2可以是氢、甲基或者乙基,和x>0和y>0。
在一种实施方案中,(i)该第一共聚物在该活化洗液中的存在量基于该第二化合物的总重量计可以是10ppm-10000ppm,例如25-1000ppm,例如50-200ppm。
如上所述,在一种实施方案中,(ii)该第二共聚物可以通过苯乙烯和第二单体的聚合来形成,该第二单体含有至少一个羧酸酯基团,酸酐基团或者其组合。在一种实施方案中,该单体可以是一元酸例如(甲基)丙烯酸,二元酸例如马来酸或者衣康酸,酸酐例如丙烯酸酐或者马来酸酐或者其组合,例如分散剂例如获自Air Products Chemicals Inc.的Zetasperse 3100或者获自BYK-Chemie GmbH的Disperbyk-190。
在一种实施方案中,(ii)该第二共聚物的存在量可以小于第二组分总重量的50重量%,例如小于25%,例如小于10。在一种实施方案中,(ii)该第二共聚物的存在量可以大于0%,例如大于2%。
在一种实施方案中,该活化洗液可以进一步包含二氧化硅。在一种实施方案中,该二氧化硅可以是沉淀二氧化硅。在一种实施方案中,该二氧化硅可以是在剪切下易碎的。在一种实施方案中,该二氧化硅可以包含160EZ二氧化硅。在一种实施方案中,该二氧化硅的存在量基于该活化洗液的总重量计可以是50ppm-5000ppm,例如100ppm-1000ppm,例如150-500ppm。
该活化洗液可以任选地进一步包含另外的组分例如非离子表面活性剂和常规地用于预处理领域的助剂。在含水介质中,可以存在水可分散性有机溶剂例如具有至多约8个碳原子的醇例如甲醇,异丙醇等;或者二醇醚例如乙二醇,二乙二醇或者丙二醇的单烷基醚等。当存在时,水可分散性有机溶剂通常的用量可以是至多约10体积%,基于该含水介质的总体积计。
其他任选的组分包括表面活性剂,其起到消泡剂或者基底润湿剂的作用。可以使用阴离子,阳离子,两性和/或非离子表面活性剂。消泡性表面活性剂经常以至多1重量%,例如至多0.1重量%的水平存在,和润湿剂通常以至多2%,例如至多0.5重量%的水平存在,基于洗液调节剂浴的总重量计。
在某些实施方案中,该活化洗液浴可以进一步包含流变改性剂。在实施方案中,该流变改性剂可以包括例如聚氨酯,丙烯酸类聚合物,乳胶,苯乙烯/丁二烯,聚乙烯醇,粘土例如绿坡缕石,膨润土和其他蒙脱石,纤维素基材料例如羧甲基纤维素,甲基纤维素,(羟丙基)甲基纤维素或者明胶,胶例如瓜尔胶和黄原胶,二氧化硅例如胶体二氧化硅和气相法二氧化硅,或者其组合。
在某些实施方案中,该活化洗液可以基本上没有,在一些情况中完全没有磷酸钛颗粒。作为此处使用的,术语“基本上没有”当用于提及活化洗液中不存在磷酸钛颗粒时,表示存在于该活化洗液中的任何磷酸钛颗粒是以小于5ppm的痕量存在的。作为此处使用的,术语“完全没有”当用于提及不存在磷酸钛颗粒时,表示完全不存在磷酸钛颗粒。
在一种实施方案中,该活化洗液浓缩物可以通过将(a)第一组分和(b)第二组分装入混合容器中,并且使用本领域技术人员熟悉的分散方法混合该组分来制备。这样的方法可以包括装入高速和高剪切混合装置,水平或者垂直介质碾磨机(media mill),球磨机或者罐磨机。
该活化洗液浴可以通过将该活化洗液浓缩物引入含水介质例如水中来制备。在一种实施方案中,该活化洗液浴可以包含螯合剂。在实施方案中,该螯合剂可以包括例如羧酸盐例如酒石酸盐,柠檬酸盐或者葡糖酸盐,乙酸盐基络合物例如亚乙基二胺四乙酸盐或者次氮基三乙酸盐(nitrilo triacetate),磷酸盐例如三聚磷酸钠或者焦磷酸四钾,膦酸盐或者膦酸(phosphone acid),多羧酸盐(poly-carboxylate)例如草酸,前述任何的酸或者盐,或者其组合。
根据本发明的方法,基底是如下来处理的:(a)将上述活化洗液施用到该基底的至少一部分上,和(b)用磷酸锌水溶液磷化该基底的至少一部分。在一种实施方案中,该活化洗液可以通过喷涂,辊涂或者浸没技术施用到基底上。该活化洗液典型地在20℃-50℃的温度施用到基底上持续任何合适的时间段。在该基底表面已经“活化”后,使该基底表面经受磷酸盐预处理例如磷酸锌预处理。在实施方案中,该磷化步骤可以通过将活化基底在包含锌和本领域已知的其他二价金属的酸性磷酸盐浴中,在35℃-75℃的温度喷涂或者浸没1-3分钟来进行。在磷化后,该基底可以任选地用含铬或不含铬的溶液后冲洗,用水冲洗和任选地干燥。油漆然后典型地例如通过电沉积或者通过常规的喷涂或者辊涂技术来施涂。
本发明还涉及活化阶段例如用于汽车制造设施中的那些。在一种实施方案中,该活化阶段包括浸没槽,其包含此处公开的活化洗液。在一种实施方案中,该活化洗液是在20℃-50℃的温度包含在浸没槽中的。通过将该基底在活化洗液中浸入任何合适的时间,使该基底的一部分经受该活化洗液。在浸入该活化洗液后,然后可以通过将磷酸锌溶液施用到“活化”基底,使“活化”基底的一部分经受磷化步骤。然而,应当注意的是在将磷酸盐溶液施用到“活化”基底之前,在该“活化”基底从浸没槽中除去时,另外的活化洗液可以经由喷雾喷嘴喷涂到该“活化”基底的一部分上。例如喷雾喷嘴可以是“出口晕状物(exit halo)”,其位于浸没槽下游。在该“活化的”基底离开浸没槽后和/或在将另外的活化洗液施用到该“活化的”基底上之后,该“活化的”基底是通过使用本领域已知的技术例如喷涂和/或浸没技术,将磷酸锌溶液施用到该“活化的”基底上来磷化的。
在另一实施方案中,该“活化”阶段包括许多喷雾喷嘴,其用于将该活化洗液浴施用到基底的至少一部分上。布置于该喷雾喷嘴之下的是喷涂槽(spray tank),其经调整以收集离开喷雾喷嘴的活化洗液和/或从“活化的”基底的表面滴下的任何过量的活化洗液。该喷涂槽以这样的方式连接到喷雾喷嘴上,该方式允许该喷雾喷嘴使用收集在喷涂槽中的活化洗液,由此再循环该活化洗液浴。在该活化洗液施用到该基底的至少一部分上之后,该“活化的”基底然后如前段所述进行磷化。
实施例
如下来制备了一种基于磷酸锌的磷酸盐活化剂(分散体A):
将下面的材料依次装入混合容器中,并且用Cowles刀片分散直到均匀:
将该分散体混合另外1小时,然后在Premier水平磨机中用1.2-1.7mm的Zirconox研磨介质碾磨总共217分钟(驻留时间8.5分钟)。所得的分散体的理论磷酸锌含量是58.2重量%。
如下来制备二氧化硅分散体(分散体B):
用Cowles刀片将获自PPG Industries的300g的Hi-Sil 160沉淀二氧化硅混入900g去离子水中。混合持续另外十分钟,并然后将该混合物与1200g的1.6-2.5mm zircoa研磨介质一起加入具有三刀片叶轮的垂直磨机中。将该混合物碾磨45分钟。所得的分散体的理论二氧化硅含量是25重量%。
如下来制备基于磷酸锌,和使用包含环氧乙烷和苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物的分散剂(分散体C)的磷酸盐活化剂:
将下面的材料依次装入混合容器中,并且用Cowles刀片分散直到均匀:
Zetasperse 3100是一种包含环氧乙烷和苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物的分散剂,获自Air Products and Chemicals,Inc。Surfynol DF-110D是一种专有的消泡剂,获自AirProducts and Chemicals,Inc。
在彻底混合后,将该分散体在Eiger水平磨机中用1.2-1.7mm Zirconox研磨介质碾磨总共190分钟(驻留时间12分钟)。所得的分散体的理论磷酸锌浓度是53.40重量%。
磷酸锌浴Chemfos 700AL是根据来自于供应商PPG Industries的技术数据表(通过引用并入本文)来制备的。使用下面的方法次序(下文中称作“标准磷酸锌化(zincphosphating)方法”),使用该磷酸锌浴来产生磷化的钢板:
清洁,Chemkleen 2010LP(1.25%v/v)/Chemkleen181ALP(0.125%),在120℉喷涂2分钟;
DI浸没冲洗,15秒,环境温度;
DI喷涂冲洗,15秒,环境温度;
活化剂,1分钟浸泡,环境温度;
Chemfos 700AL,2分钟浸泡,125℉
DI喷涂冲洗,15秒,环境温度;
喷出(blowoff)暖空气直到干燥
实施例1
磷酸锌活化剂洗液是通过将2.6g的分散体A分散到3L去离子水中来制备的。所得的洗液的理论浓度是0.5g/L的分散的磷酸锌。将这个浴作为活化剂用于上面详细描述的标准磷酸锌化方法,来在冷轧钢(CRS)和电镀锌钢(EG)的4”×6”面板上产生磷酸盐涂层。
实施例2
将实施例1的分散体用去离子水稀释到它初始浓度的30%,或者0.149g/L的分散的磷酸锌。如实施例1那样,将这个浴作为活化剂用于标准磷酸锌化方法中来在CRS和EG面板上产生磷酸盐涂层。该EG面板具有可接受的外观,但是CRS面板上的磷酸锌涂层是不完整和不可接受的。
实施例3
将3g的分散体B加入实施例2的分散体中,并且混合直到均匀,来产生含有0.149g/L的磷酸锌和0.25g/L的二氧化硅的浴。将这个浴作为活化剂用于标准磷酸锌化方法中来在CRS和EG面板上产生磷酸盐涂层。两种面板都具有完整的磷酸盐涂层,且具有良好的晶体细化(crystal refinement)。
实施例4
将3g的分散体B混入3L去离子水中来产生含有0.25g/L的二氧化硅的稳定分散体。将这个浴作为活化剂用于标准磷酸锌化方法中来处理CRS,EG和铝面板(合金6111)。该分散体没有使磷酸锌涂层活化;CRS几乎不具有晶体,并且EG和铝具有极大的和较差细化的晶体。全部三个基底是不可接受的。
实施例5
将0.54g的分散体A加入到实施例4的分散体中,来产生含有0.25g/L的二氧化硅和0.105g/L的磷酸锌的分散体。将这个浴作为活化剂用于标准磷酸锌化方法中来处理CRS,EG和铝面板。全部三个基底具有完整的磷酸盐涂层,且具有良好的晶体细化。
实施例6
将2.8g的分散体C加入3L去离子水中来产生含有0.5g/L的磷酸锌的分散体。将这个浴作为活化剂用于标准磷酸锌化方法中来处理CRS,EG和铝面板。全部三个基底具有完整的磷酸盐涂层,且具有良好的晶体细化。
下表1提供了在实施例1-6中所产生的磷酸盐涂层的涂层重量和晶体尺寸。
表1.
*表示不完整的涂层
实施例7
磷酸锌洗液调节剂浴是如实施例6所述,使用分散体C来制备的,并且如下所述来老化。
对比例
作为对比例,通过将获自PPG Industries,Inc.的3g的洗液调节剂(RinseConditioner)溶解在去离子水中来制备常规的Jernstedt盐基洗液调节剂浴。该浴的一部分是如上面在实施例6(即,“新鲜的”)中所述来测试的,且一部分是如下所述老化的。
将来自于实施例7和对比例的浴静置(sit in)于封闭容器中8周。在8周后,将它们每个作为活化剂用于上面详细描述的标准磷酸锌化方法中,来用于由冷轧钢和镀锌钢制成的磷酸盐面板。对于实施例7方法来说,晶体尺寸和涂层覆盖率类似于新鲜浴(实施例6),但是常规材料在8周后不再活化。晶体尺寸显示在下表2中:
表2.
活化剂 | CRS晶体尺寸(μ) | EG晶体尺寸(μ) |
新鲜的(实施例6) | 3.6 | 2.6 |
新鲜的,对比 | 1.8 | 3.2 |
老化的(实施例7) | 2.4 | 2.1 |
老化的,对比 | 不完整 | 27 |
虽然上面出于说明的目的已经描述了本发明的特定实施方案,但是对本领域技术人员来说显然的是可以对本发明的细节进行诸多的改变,而不背离附加的权利要求所限定的本发明。
Claims (19)
1.一种用于处理基底的活化洗液,包含:
(a)第一组分,其包含二价或者三价金属的磷酸盐颗粒或者其组合的分散体,所述金属磷酸盐颗粒的平均粒度不大于10μm;和
(b)第二组分,其包含:
(i)第一共聚物,其是通过环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或者其组合聚合来形成的,其中该第一共聚物的一端是通过胺基、羟基或者烷基封端的;和
(ii)第二共聚物,其是通过苯乙烯和第二单体聚合来形成的,该第二单体含有至少一个羧酸酯基团、酸酐基团或者其组合,其中该第二单体的存在量小于该第二组分总重量的50重量%;
其中该第一组分与第二组分的重量比是2:1至10:1。
2.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其中该金属磷酸盐的存在量是50-5000ppm,基于该活化洗液的总重量计。
3.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其中该金属磷酸盐的存在量是150-1500ppm,基于该活化洗液的总重量计。
4.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其中该二价或者三价金属包括锌、铁或者其组合。
5.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其中该第一共聚物的存在量是10ppm-10000ppm,基于该活化洗液的总重量计。
6.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其中该第一共聚物的存在量是50ppm-1000ppm,基于该活化洗液的总重量计。
7.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其中该第二共聚物的存在量小于该活化洗液总重量的30重量%。
8.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其中该第二单体包括二元酸、二元酸的酸酐或者其组合。
9.根据权利要求1的活化洗液,其进一步包含二氧化硅。
10.根据权利要求9的活化洗液,其中该二氧化硅的存在量是50ppm-5000ppm,基于该活化洗液的总重量计。
11.根据权利要求9的组合物,其中该二氧化硅是沉淀的。
12.根据权利要求9的组合物,其中该二氧化硅在剪切下是易碎的。
13.一种处理基底的方法,其包括:(i)将活化洗液施用到该基底的至少一部分上,其中该活化洗液包含:
(a)第一组分,其包含二价或者三价金属的磷酸盐颗粒或者其组合的分散体,所述金属磷酸盐颗粒的平均粒度不大于10μm;和
(b)第二组分,其包含:
(i)第一共聚物,其是通过环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或者其组合聚合来形成的,其中该第一共聚物的一端是通过胺基、羟基或者烷基封端的;和
(ii)第二共聚物,其是通过苯乙烯和第二单体聚合来形成的,该第二单体含有至少一个羧酸酯基团、酸酐基团或者其组合,其中该第二单体的存在量小于该第二组分总重量的50重量%;
其中该第一组分与第二组分的重量比是2:1至10:1。
14.根据权利要求13的方法,其中该二价或者三价金属包括锌、铁或者其组合。
15.根据权利要求13的方法,其中该第二单体包括二元酸、二元酸的酸酐或者其组合。
16.根据权利要求13的方法,其中该活化洗液进一步包含二氧化硅。
17.根据权利要求13的方法,其进一步包括(ii)用磷酸锌溶液磷化该基底的至少一部分。
18.一种基底,其是用权利要求1的活化洗液处理的。
19.权利要求18的基底,其进一步包含磷酸盐涂层。
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US20170306498A1 (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2017-10-26 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Activating rinse and method for treating a substrate |
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WO2018039462A1 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-01 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Alkaline composition for treating metal substartes |
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