CN115008839B - 一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115008839B
CN115008839B CN202210769321.2A CN202210769321A CN115008839B CN 115008839 B CN115008839 B CN 115008839B CN 202210769321 A CN202210769321 A CN 202210769321A CN 115008839 B CN115008839 B CN 115008839B
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何卫军
罗来成
曾慧
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Hubei Tianyun Noise Reduction And Antivibration New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉及制备方法，包括有硬质保护层，硬质保护层分为设置在隔音棉的上侧的装饰外板层和设置在隔音棉下侧的吸收内板层，装饰外板层上设置有若干个贯穿连通的板大孔以及围绕在板大孔周侧的板小孔，吸收内板层上设置有若干个贯穿连通的吸收通孔。本发明通过将无机、有机双组份隔音棉起到良好的隔音吸音效果，再通过硬质、软质以及加强筋的结构对整体支撑抗弯折作用，通过复合编织纤维对整个结构进行增强和补强，使得隔音棉抗弯折效果更好，再通过硬质保护层对整个隔音棉进行硬质保护，强化了隔音棉的实际使用抗弯折效果，通过湿润的分子筛、活性炭、湿润碱和二氧化氯消毒粉吸收净化产生的有毒有害气体。

Description

一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及吸音棉制造技术领域，具体涉及一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉及制备方法。
背景技术
噪声污染是人类生活环境的大公害，它不仅严重损害我们的听觉神经，心血管系统以及神经系统，并且还能加快建筑物、工业机械的老化，影响仪器的精密度和使用年限。随着大家对噪声控制问题的日益重视，各种各样吸音降噪的方法也随之诞生。而传统的吸音材料—玻璃棉因其存在着诸多缺陷，如降噪系数低、使用寿命短、不环保、容易造成二次污染等问题，其运用受到限制，已经淡出市场而为新型吸声材料所替代。纤维类吸声材料可以在较宽的频带内有良好的吸音效果，因此可以替代以离心玻璃棉为代表的传统多孔隔材料等，这种同时具备环保、可重复利用、装饰功能、以及优越声学性能的吸音材料将会越来越多地得到市场的认可。
一般家电在开机运行时也会产生较大震动和噪声，甚至是高发热时塑胶材质的家电还会产生有毒有害气体，影响甚至危害人们生活安全，而一般的家用电器隔音棉仅仅是具有简单的隔音吸音效果，不能够起到良好的减震、消毒、净化和空气清新的效果，而且一般的隔音棉材质较软，不具有明显的抗弯折能力，整体安装时容易变形，因此急需设计出一种具有多种功能的家用电器隔音棉以解决目前所遇到的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述的技术问题，提供一种多功能、多用途的能够有效抗弯折、能够吸收净化有毒有害气体的、隔音减震效果好的隔音棉。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，包括有硬质保护层，硬质保护层分为设置在隔音棉的上侧的装饰外板层和设置在隔音棉下侧的吸收内板层，装饰外板层上设置有若干个贯穿连通的板大孔以及围绕在板大孔周侧的板小孔，吸收内板层上设置有若干个贯穿连通的吸收通孔；硬质保护层的内部设置为隔音棉本体，隔音棉本体的外表面包裹有多孔复合纤维编织层，且隔音棉本体内部设置有若干个支撑加强筋；隔音棉本体在其中部设置为硬质支撑层，硬质支撑层的上下外侧设置为无机双组份棉层，无机双组份棉层的上下外侧设置为有机双组份棉层，有机双组份棉层的上下外侧设置为软质支撑层，软质支撑层的上下外侧设置为多空腔泡沫塑料层，多空腔泡沫塑料层的上下外侧设置为净化吸收层，净化吸收层的上下外侧设置为粗孔无纺布层。
作为优选的，支撑加强筋贯穿硬质支撑层、无机双组份棉层、有机双组份棉层、软质支撑层、多空腔泡沫塑料层、净化吸收层和粗孔无纺布层，其两端支撑连接多孔复合纤维编织层。
作为优选的，无机双组份棉层、有机双组份棉层、软质支撑层、多空腔泡沫塑料层、净化吸收层和粗孔无纺布层绕硬质支撑层轴对称，上部分与下部分组成相同且厚度相等。
作为优选的，软质支撑层上设置有若干个贯穿连通孔，硬质支撑层上侧软质支撑层上的贯穿连通孔与下侧软质支撑层上的贯穿连通孔相互错开。
作为优选的，无机双组份棉层设置为碳纤维/石墨烯双组份棉、玻璃纤维/金属纤维双组份棉、矿渣棉纤维/陶瓷纤维双组份棉、玄武岩纤维/活性碳纤维双组份棉中的一种。
作为优选的，有机双组份棉层设置为PP/PET双组份棉、PP/纤维素双组份棉、PP/PPTA双组份棉、PPTA/PTFE双组份棉、PTFE/PBT双组份棉、聚酰亚胺/纤维素双组份棉、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚体/聚氨基甲酸酯双组份棉中的一种。
作为优选的，净化吸收层包括有：碳酸钠/碳酸氢钠、纳米载钛沸石分子筛、二氧化氯消毒粉、活性炭、天然植物精油、植物香精、水，混合后调制为含水量为10～35％的湿润成型块状体，并控制二氧化氯消毒粉释放的二氧化氯浓度不超过0.3mg/m3。
作为优选的，多孔复合纤维编织层由金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、PTFE纤维、碳纤维编织得到，其中，各组成成分所占百分比为：金属纤维40～55％、陶瓷纤维10～15％、PTFE纤维20～35％、碳纤维5～15％。
一种如上所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
S1.预成型：硬质支撑层、无机双组份棉层、有机双组份棉层、软质支撑层、多空腔泡沫塑料层、净化吸收层和粗孔无纺布层按照顺序进行堆叠，并通过固定模具对各层结构进行固定，并通过冷压机于10～20℃下反复冷压至堆叠结构成型；
S2.组装：在步骤1得到的对堆叠结构进行贯穿打孔，孔直径与支撑加强筋直径相同，并将支撑加强筋插入孔中，对多余部分进行剪切，使其与堆叠结构保持平齐，对整个结构进行修边、打磨处理；
S3.热压：将堆叠结构置于裁剪好的多孔复合纤维编织层，通过热压模具将多孔复合纤维编织层包裹覆盖在步骤1中的堆叠结构的外表面，通过热压机于100～150℃下反复热压使得多孔复合纤维编织层牢固包裹堆叠结构，成型后不发生变形，且内部结构不被挤压爆出并保持结构的完整性，得到隔音棉本体；
S4.成型：将裁剪好的硬质保护层的装饰外板层和设置在隔音棉下侧的吸收内板层分别开孔为板大孔、板小孔以及吸收通孔，再将隔音棉本体置于硬质保护层，通过热压机于100～150℃下反复热压使得硬质保护层包裹覆盖在隔音棉本体的外表面即可得到完整结构的隔音棉。
本发明的有益效果：本发明通过将无机和有机材质的双组份隔音棉置于中部起到良好的隔音吸音效果，再通过硬质、软质以及加强筋的结构对整个隔音棉起到最原始的支撑抗弯折作用，通过复合编织纤维对整个结构进行增强和补强，使得隔音棉抗弯折效果很好，再通过硬质保护层对整个隔音棉进行硬质保护，大大强化了隔音棉的实际使用抗弯折效果，层层叠加设计，使得隔音棉结构紧凑、牢固，再通过湿润的分子筛、活性炭、湿润碱和二氧化氯消毒粉吸收净化产生的有毒有害气体，并自动释放空气清香，大大提高了隔音棉的功能效果，具有良好的实际使用价值和应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉的剖面结构示意图1。
图2为本发明的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉的剖面结构示意图2。
图3为本发明的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉的俯视结构示意图。
图4为本发明的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉的仰视结构示意图。
图中：1、硬质支撑层；2、无机双组份棉层；3、有机双组份棉层；4、软质支撑层；5、贯穿连通孔；6、多空腔泡沫塑料层；7、净化吸收层；8、粗孔无纺布层；9、多孔复合纤维编织层；10、硬质保护层；11、支撑加强筋；12、装饰外板层；13、吸收内板层；14、板大孔；15、板小孔；16、吸收通孔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
请参照图1、2所示，一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，包括有硬质保护层10，硬质保护层10的内部设置为隔音棉本体，隔音棉本体的外表面包裹有多孔复合纤维编织层9，且隔音棉本体内部设置有若干个支撑加强筋11，隔音棉本体在其中部设置为硬质支撑层1，硬质支撑层1的上下外侧设置为无机双组份棉层2，无机双组份棉层2的上下外侧设置为有机双组份棉层3，有机双组份棉层3的上下外侧设置为软质支撑层4，软质支撑层4的上下外侧设置为多空腔泡沫塑料层6，多空腔泡沫塑料层6的上下外侧设置为净化吸收层7，净化吸收层7的上下外侧设置为粗孔无纺布层8。
进一步地，支撑加强筋11贯穿硬质支撑层1、无机双组份棉层2、有机双组份棉层3、软质支撑层4、多空腔泡沫塑料层6、净化吸收层7和粗孔无纺布层8，其两端支撑连接多孔复合纤维编织层9。
进一步地，无机双组份棉层2、有机双组份棉层3、软质支撑层4、多空腔泡沫塑料层6、净化吸收层7和粗孔无纺布层8绕硬质支撑层1轴对称，上部分与下部分组成相同且厚度相等。
进一步地，软质支撑层4上设置有若干个贯穿连通孔5，硬质支撑层1上侧软质支撑层4上的贯穿连通孔5与下侧软质支撑层4上的贯穿连通孔5相互错开。
进一步地，无机双组份棉层2设置为玻璃纤维/金属纤维双组份棉。
进一步地，有机双组份棉层3设置为聚酰亚胺/纤维素双组份棉。
进一步地，净化吸收层7包括有：碳酸钠/碳酸氢钠、纳米载钛沸石分子筛、二氧化氯消毒粉、活性炭、天然植物精油、植物香精、水，混合后调制为含水量为20％的湿润成型块状体，并控制二氧化氯消毒粉释放的二氧化氯浓度不超过0.3mg/m3。
进一步地，多孔复合纤维编织层9由金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、PTFE纤维、碳纤维编织得到，其中，各组成成分所占百分比为：金属纤维55％、陶瓷纤维10％、PTFE纤维30％、碳纤维5％。
如图3、4所示，一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，硬质保护层10分为设置在隔音棉的上侧的装饰外板层12和设置在隔音棉下侧的吸收内板层13，装饰外板层12上设置有若干个贯穿连通的板大孔14以及围绕在板大孔14周侧的板小孔15，吸收内板层13上设置有若干个贯穿连通的吸收通孔16。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于：
无机双组份棉层2设置为碳纤维/石墨烯双组份棉。
有机双组份棉层3设置为PP/PET双组份棉。
净化吸收层7包括有：碳酸钠/碳酸氢钠、纳米载钛沸石分子筛、二氧化氯消毒粉、活性炭、天然植物精油、植物香精、水，混合后调制为含水量为15％的湿润成型块状体，并控制二氧化氯消毒粉释放的二氧化氯浓度不超过0.3mg/m3。
多孔复合纤维编织层9由金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、PTFE纤维、碳纤维编织得到，其中，各组成成分所占百分比为：金属纤维40％、陶瓷纤维15％、PTFE纤维35％、碳纤维10％。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1、2的不同之处在于：
无机双组份棉层2设置为矿渣棉纤维/陶瓷纤维双组份棉。
有机双组份棉层3设置为聚酰亚胺/纤维素双组份棉。
净化吸收层7包括有：碳酸钠/碳酸氢钠、纳米载钛沸石分子筛、二氧化氯消毒粉、活性炭、天然植物精油、植物香精、水，混合后调制为含水量为35％的湿润成型块状体，并控制二氧化氯消毒粉释放的二氧化氯浓度不超过0.3mg/m3。
多孔复合纤维编织层9由金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、PTFE纤维、碳纤维编织得到，其中，各组成成分所占百分比为：金属纤维55％、陶瓷纤维15％、PTFE纤维20％、碳纤维10％。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例1、2、3的不同之处在于：
无机双组份棉层2设置为玄武岩纤维/活性碳纤维双组份棉。
有机双组份棉层3设置为PPTA/PTFE双组份棉。
净化吸收层7包括有：碳酸钠/碳酸氢钠、纳米载钛沸石分子筛、二氧化氯消毒粉、活性炭、天然植物精油、植物香精、水，混合后调制为含水量为10％的湿润成型块状体，并控制二氧化氯消毒粉释放的二氧化氯浓度不超过0.3mg/m3。
多孔复合纤维编织层9由金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、PTFE纤维、碳纤维编织得到，其中，各组成成分所占百分比为：金属纤维50％、陶瓷纤维10％、PTFE纤维30％、碳纤维10％。
一种基于上述实施例的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉的制备方法，包括有以下步骤：
S1.预成型：硬质支撑层1、无机双组份棉层2、有机双组份棉层3、软质支撑层4、多空腔泡沫塑料层6、净化吸收层7和粗孔无纺布层8按照顺序进行堆叠，并通过固定模具对各层结构进行固定，并通过冷压机于10～20℃下反复冷压至堆叠结构成型；
S2.组装：在步骤1得到的对堆叠结构进行贯穿打孔，孔直径与支撑加强筋11直径相同，并将支撑加强筋11插入孔中，对多余部分进行剪切，使其与堆叠结构保持平齐，对整个结构进行修边、打磨处理；
S3.热压：将堆叠结构置于裁剪好的多孔复合纤维编织层9，通过热压模具将多孔复合纤维编织层9包裹覆盖在步骤1中的堆叠结构的外表面，通过热压机于100～150℃下反复热压使得多孔复合纤维编织层9牢固包裹堆叠结构，成型后不发生变形，且内部结构不被挤压爆出并保持结构的完整性，得到隔音棉本体；
S4.成型：将裁剪好的硬质保护层10的装饰外板层12和设置在隔音棉下侧的吸收内板层13分别开孔为板大孔14、板小孔15以及吸收通孔16，再将隔音棉本体置于硬质保护层10，通过热压机于100～150℃下反复热压使得硬质保护层10包裹覆盖在隔音棉本体的外表面即可得到完整结构的隔音棉。
在本发明中，本发明通过将无机和有机材质的双组份隔音棉置于中部起到良好的隔音吸音效果，再通过硬质、软质以及加强筋的结构对整个隔音棉起到最原始的支撑抗弯折作用，通过复合编织纤维对整个结构进行增强和补强，使得隔音棉抗弯折效果很好，再通过硬质保护层对整个隔音棉进行硬质保护，大大强化了隔音棉的实际使用抗弯折效果，层层叠加设计，使得隔音棉结构紧凑、牢固，再通过湿润的分子筛、活性炭、湿润碱和二氧化氯消毒粉吸收净化产生的有毒有害气体，并自动释放空气清香，大大提高了隔音棉的功能效果，具有良好的实际使用价值和应用前景。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (9)

1.一种多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，包括有硬质保护层(10)，硬质保护层(10)分为设置在隔音棉的上侧的装饰外板层(12)和设置在隔音棉下侧的吸收内板层(13)，装饰外板层(12)上设置有若干个贯穿连通的板大孔(14)以及围绕在板大孔(14)周侧的板小孔(15)，吸收内板层(13)上设置有若干个贯穿连通的吸收通孔(16)；
所述硬质保护层(10)的内部设置为隔音棉本体，隔音棉本体的外表面包裹有多孔复合纤维编织层(9)，且隔音棉本体内部设置有若干个支撑加强筋(11)；
所述隔音棉本体在其中部设置为硬质支撑层(1)，硬质支撑层(1)的上下外侧设置为无机双组份棉层(2)，无机双组份棉层(2)的上下外侧设置为有机双组份棉层(3)，有机双组份棉层(3)的上下外侧设置为软质支撑层(4)，软质支撑层(4)的上下外侧设置为多空腔泡沫塑料层(6)，多空腔泡沫塑料层(6)的上下外侧设置为净化吸收层(7)，净化吸收层(7)的上下外侧设置为粗孔无纺布层(8)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，所述支撑加强筋(11)贯穿硬质支撑层(1)、无机双组份棉层(2)、有机双组份棉层(3)、软质支撑层(4)、多空腔泡沫塑料层(6)、净化吸收层(7)和粗孔无纺布层(8)，其两端支撑连接多孔复合纤维编织层(9)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，所述无机双组份棉层(2)、有机双组份棉层(3)、软质支撑层(4)、多空腔泡沫塑料层(6)、净化吸收层(7)和粗孔无纺布层(8)绕硬质支撑层(1)轴对称，上部分与下部分组成相同且厚度相等。
4.根据权利要求3所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，所述软质支撑层(4)上设置有若干个贯穿连通孔(5)，硬质支撑层(1)上侧软质支撑层(4)上的贯穿连通孔(5)与下侧软质支撑层(4)上的贯穿连通孔(5)相互错开。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，所述无机双组份棉层(2)设置为碳纤维/石墨烯双组份棉、玻璃纤维/金属纤维双组份棉、矿渣棉纤维/陶瓷纤维双组份棉、玄武岩纤维/活性碳纤维双组份棉中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，所述有机双组份棉层(3)设置为PP/PET双组份棉、PP/纤维素双组份棉、PP/PPTA双组份棉、PPTA/PTFE双组份棉、PTFE/PBT双组份棉、聚酰亚胺/纤维素双组份棉、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚体/聚氨基甲酸酯双组份棉中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，所述净化吸收层(7)包括有：碳酸钠/碳酸氢钠、纳米载钛沸石分子筛、二氧化氯消毒粉、活性炭、天然植物精油、植物香精、水，混合后调制为含水量为10～35％的湿润成型块状体，并控制二氧化氯消毒粉释放的二氧化氯浓度不超过0.3mg/m3。
8.根据权利要求1所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉，其特征在于，所述多孔复合纤维编织层(9)由金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、PTFE纤维、碳纤维编织得到，其中，各组成成分所占百分比为：金属纤维40～55％、陶瓷纤维10～15％、PTFE纤维20～35％、碳纤维5～15％。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8中任一项中所述的多功能用途抗弯折隔音棉的制备方法，其特征在于，包括有以下步骤：
S1.预成型：硬质支撑层(1)、无机双组份棉层(2)、有机双组份棉层(3)、软质支撑层(4)、多空腔泡沫塑料层(6)、净化吸收层(7)和粗孔无纺布层(8)按照顺序进行堆叠，并通过固定模具对各层结构进行固定，并通过冷压机于10～20℃下反复冷压至堆叠结构成型；
S2.组装：在步骤1得到的对堆叠结构进行贯穿打孔，孔直径与支撑加强筋(11)直径相同，并将支撑加强筋(11)插入孔中，对多余部分进行剪切，使其与堆叠结构保持平齐，对整个结构进行修边、打磨处理；
S3.热压：将堆叠结构置于裁剪好的多孔复合纤维编织层(9)，通过热压模具将多孔复合纤维编织层(9)包裹覆盖在步骤1中的堆叠结构的外表面，通过热压机于100～150℃下反复热压使得多孔复合纤维编织层(9)牢固包裹堆叠结构，成型后不发生变形，且内部结构不被挤压爆出并保持结构的完整性，得到隔音棉本体；
S4.成型：将裁剪好的硬质保护层(10)的装饰外板层(12)和设置在隔音棉下侧的吸收内板层(13)分别开孔为板大孔(14)、板小孔(15)以及吸收通孔(16)，再将隔音棉本体置于硬质保护层(10)，通过热压机于100～150℃下反复热压使得硬质保护层(10)包裹覆盖在隔音棉本体的外表面即可得到完整结构的隔音棉。
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