CN114990415A - Nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and 3D printing forming method thereof - Google Patents
Nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and 3D printing forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co] Chemical class [Cr].[Co] WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0005—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a 3D printing forming method thereof, belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and solves the problem that the material obtained by 3D printing of the existing aluminum-based composite material cannot meet the requirement of aviationThe technical problem of the requirement of high toughness in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like. The invention simultaneously uses nano TiC and ZrO 2 The particles are added into the alloy matrix by adjusting TiC and ZrO 2 And the mixing proportion of the aluminum alloy matrix can realize the reinforcing and toughening effects of the aluminum alloy metal matrix composite material to the maximum extent, and realize the optimal toughness matching, so that the laser absorption rate of the material is improved, and in the additive manufacturing and forming process, the aluminum alloy structure with small residual stress and high density can be obtained by adopting a forming process with low laser power and low scanning rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a 3D printing forming method thereof.
Background
The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is a 3D printing technology, based on the formation principle of layered manufacturing and layer-by-layer superposition, and based on a three-dimensional Computer Aided Design (CAD) digital model, a high-power-density laser beam is adopted to melt metal powder point by point, line by line and layer by layer, so that a high-performance and nearly fully-compact metal part is obtained, and the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is an Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology. Because the laser spot is extremely small, the scanning speed is extremely high, and the powder layer thickness is thin, the SLM technology is widely applied to manufacturing an integrated piece with a complex and precise structure. The SLM technology is one of the most widely used 3D printing technologies at present, the application field is not limited to the fields of aerospace and the like, the fields of energy power, rail transit, electronics, automobiles, medical treatment, molds and the like are gradually widened, and more enterprises take the SLM technology as a technology transformation direction for breaking through the bottleneck of research and development and solving the design problemOr directly producing final parts, assisting intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing and other novel manufacturing modes. The materials which can be manufactured by the SLM technology at present mainly comprise aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy and nickel-based superalloy material; the aluminum alloy material which can be applied to the SLM technology at present is mainly AlSi 10 Mg、Al 12 Si and the like, but the mechanical properties of the prepared material can not meet the requirements of the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like on high toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a 3D printing forming method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problem that the material obtained by 3D printing the existing aluminum-based composite material cannot meet the requirements of the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like on high toughness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
the invention discloses a nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material, which comprises the following components: TiC, ZrO 2 And the balance aluminum alloy;
wherein the mass percent of TiC is more than 0 and less than 10wt percent, ZrO 2 Is more than 0 and less than 10 weight percent; the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 Mg。
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing TiC powder and ZrO 2 Mechanically mixing the powder and aluminum alloy powder, and drying to obtain TiC and ZrO 2 The balance of aluminum alloy, wherein the mass percent of TiC is more than 0 and less than 10wt percent, ZrO is added 2 The mass percent of (A) is more than 0 and less than 10wt percent; the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 Mg。
Further, the mechanical mixing is performed by using a ball mill, and the process parameters of the mechanical mixing are as follows: the rotating speed of the ball mill is 100-300 r/min, and the mechanical mixing time is 5-24 h.
Further, the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 4-12 h.
Further, the TiC powder and ZrO 2 The particle size of the powder is 10-500 nm and 5-30 nm respectively.
The invention also discloses a 3D printing laser forming method of the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
and adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite powder into 3D printing equipment for 3D printing laser forming to obtain the 3D printing formed nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material.
Further, the powder fluidity repose angle of the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material is less than 45 degrees, and the sphericity of the powder is more than 0.85.
Further, the particle size of the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder is 15-53 mu m.
Further, the process of 3D printing laser forming is SLM forming.
Further, the technological parameters of the SLM shaping are as follows: the laser power is 100-300W, the scanning speed is 600-1400mm/s, the scanning pitch is 90-120 μm, and the layer thickness is 25-40 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material, in particular to an aluminum alloy matrix material added with nano TiC and ZrO 2 And (3) granules. Nano ZrO 2 The nano zirconia is compounded with other materials, so that the performance parameters of the material can be greatly improved, and the fracture toughness, the bending strength and the like of the material are improved. The nanometer TiC is added into an alloy matrix, high stress concentration is formed on an interface due to uneven deformation between two phases, deformation is blocked, a deformation dislocation source can be generated, dislocations in the matrix are propagated, dislocation cells are formed, and therefore the matrix is strengthened. Simultaneously adding nano TiC and ZrO 2 The particles are added into the alloy matrix by adjusting TiC and ZrO 2 And the mixing ratio of the aluminum alloy matrix can be maximizedThe reinforcing and toughening effects of the aluminum alloy metal matrix composite material are realized, and the best obdurability matching is realized.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the nano biphase reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, which comprises the steps of mixing TiC powder and ZrO powder 2 The powder and the aluminum alloy powder are simply mechanically mixed and then dried, so that the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material with excellent performance can be obtained, the preparation method is simple, environment-friendly and high in efficiency, and industrial production can be realized.
The invention also discloses a 3D forming method of the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material, which improves the laser absorption rate of the material due to the addition of the nano particles into the aluminum alloy, and can obtain an aluminum alloy structure with small residual stress and high density by adopting a forming process with low laser power and low scanning rate in the additive manufacturing and forming process; with conventional AlSi 10 Mg、Al 12 Compared with materials such as Si, the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material has better quality and higher toughness after being subjected to 3D printing and forming.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows AlSi according to the invention 10 Schematic diagram of powder structure after Mg modification;
wherein: 1-AlSi 10 Mg spherical powder; 2-TiC nano spherical particles; 3-ZrO 2 Nano-spherical particles;
FIG. 2 shows AlSi 10 A comparison schematic diagram of properties before and after Mg modification;
fig. 3 to 6 are performance test charts of samples obtained after 3D printing laser forming is performed on the nano dual-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in examples 1 to 4, respectively.
Detailed Description
To make the features and effects of the present invention comprehensible to those skilled in the art, general description and definitions are made below with reference to terms and expressions mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The theory or mechanism described and disclosed herein, whether correct or incorrect, should not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, i.e., the present disclosure may be practiced without limitation to any particular theory or mechanism.
All features defined herein as numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as values, amounts, levels and concentrations, are for brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered to cover and specifically disclose all possible subranges and individual numerical values (including integers and fractions) within the range.
Unless otherwise specified herein, "comprising," including, "" containing, "" having, "or the like, means" consisting of … … "and" consisting essentially of … …, "e.g.," a comprises a "means" a comprises a and the other, "and" a comprises a only.
In this context, for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of features in the various embodiments or examples are described. Therefore, the respective features in the respective embodiments or examples may be arbitrarily combined as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the features, and all the possible combinations should be considered as the scope of the present specification.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The following examples use instrumentation conventional in the art. Experimental procedures without specific conditions noted in the following examples, generally according to conventional conditions, or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The various starting materials used in the examples which follow, unless otherwise indicated, are conventional commercial products having specifications which are conventional in the art. In the description of the present invention and the following examples, "%" represents weight percent, "parts" represents parts by weight, and proportions represent weight ratios, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A3D printing laser forming method of a nano double-phase reinforced aluminum matrix composite material comprises the following steps:
according to 1% of TiC powder and 0.5% of ZrO 2 Weighing the reinforcement powder and the aluminum alloy powder according to the mass fraction ratio of the powder, wherein the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 And Mg, and mixing to obtain mixed powder. Wherein the grain size of the TiC powder is 500nm, and ZrO is 2 The powder has a particle size of 30nm and AlSi 10 The particle size of the Mg powder is 15-45 μm; uniformly mixing the mixed powder in a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the ball-material ratio of the mechanical mixing is 2:1, rotating at the speed of 200r/min for 12 hours to obtain uniformly mixed powder, and putting the uniformly mixed powder into a vacuum drying oven for drying; wherein the heat preservation temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 12h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -4 Pa, obtaining nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder of which the composite powder meets the use requirement of the SLM, wherein the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder meets the use requirement of the SLM, namely the powder flowability meets the requirement that the repose angle is less than 45 degrees and the sphericity is greater than 0.85; adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite powder into SLM equipment for SLM printing, designing a model through three-dimensional software such as Proe and UG, setting parameters such as process, placing, supporting and the like through software such as Magics, and sealing and slicing to obtain a printed file, wherein the SLM process is as follows: the laser power is 200W, the scanning speed is 1300mm/s, the layer thickness is 30 μm, and the scanning distance is 110 μm; and importing the printing file into SLM equipment, and after printing is finished, carrying out post-processing according to the requirements of the parts.
Example 2
According to 2% of TiC powder and 2% of ZrO 2 Weighing reinforcement powder and aluminum alloy powder according to the mass fraction ratio of the powder, wherein the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 And Mg, and mixing to obtain mixed powder. Wherein the grain size of the TiC powder is 500nm, and ZrO is 2 The powder has a particle size of 30nm and AlSi 10 Of Mg powderThe particle size is 15-45 μm; uniformly mixing the mixed powder in a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the ball-material ratio of the mechanical mixing is 2:1, the rotating speed is 100r/min, and the time is 8 hours to obtain uniformly mixed powder, and putting the uniformly mixed powder into a vacuum drying oven for drying; wherein the heat preservation temperature is 80 ℃, the time is 12h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -4 Pa, obtaining nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder of which the composite powder meets the use requirement of the SLM, adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder into SLM equipment for SLM printing, designing models through three-dimensional software such as Proe and UG, wherein the model format is stl format, setting parameters such as process, placing, supporting and the like through software such as Magics, slicing to obtain a printed file, wherein the SLM process is as follows: the laser power is 190W, the scanning speed is 1300mm/s, the layer thickness is 30 μm, and the scanning distance is 110 μm; and importing the printing file into SLM equipment, and after printing is finished, carrying out post-processing according to the requirements of the parts.
Example 3
According to 1% of TiC powder and 2% of ZrO 2 Weighing the reinforcement powder and the aluminum alloy powder according to the mass fraction ratio of the powder, wherein the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 And Mg, and mixing to obtain mixed powder. Wherein the grain size of the TiC powder is 500nm, and ZrO is 2 The powder has a particle size of 30nm and AlSi 10 The particle size of the Mg powder is 15-45 μm; uniformly mixing the mixed powder in a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the ball-material ratio of the mechanical mixing is 2:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the time is 24 hours, so as to obtain uniformly mixed powder, and putting the uniformly mixed powder into a vacuum drying oven for drying; wherein the heat preservation temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 10h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -4 Pa, obtaining nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder of which the composite powder meets the use requirement of the SLM, adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder into SLM equipment for SLM printing, designing models through three-dimensional software such as Proe and UG, wherein the model format is stl format, setting parameters such as process, placing, supporting and the like through software such as Magics, slicing to obtain a printed file, wherein the SLM process is as follows: the laser power is 180W, the scanning speed is 1300mm/s, the layer thickness is 30 μm, and the scanning pitch is 110 μm;and importing the printing file into SLM equipment, and after printing is finished, carrying out post-processing according to the requirements of the parts.
Example 4
According to 5.5% of TiC powder and 2% of ZrO 2 Weighing the reinforcement powder and the aluminum alloy powder according to the mass fraction ratio of the powder, wherein the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 And Mg, and mixing to obtain mixed powder. Wherein the grain size of the TiC powder is 500nm, and the ZrO powder 2 The powder has a particle size of 30nm and AlSi 10 The particle size of the Mg powder is 15-45 μm; uniformly mixing the mixed powder in a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the ball-material ratio of the mechanical mixing is 2:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the time is 12 hours to obtain uniformly mixed powder, and placing the uniformly mixed powder into a vacuum drying oven for drying; wherein the heat preservation temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 10h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -4 Pa, obtaining nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder of which the composite powder meets the use requirement of the SLM, adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder into SLM equipment for SLM printing, designing a model through three-dimensional software such as Proe and UG, wherein the model is in an stl format, setting parameters such as process, placing and supporting through software such as Magics, slicing to obtain a printed file, wherein the SLM process is as follows: the laser power is 200W, the scanning speed is 1300mm/s, the layer thickness is 30 μm, and the scanning pitch is 110 μm; and importing the printing file into SLM equipment, and performing post-processing according to the requirements of the parts after printing is completed.
Example 5
According to 9.5% of TiC powder and 0.5% of ZrO 2 Weighing the reinforcement powder and the aluminum alloy powder according to the mass fraction ratio of the powder, wherein the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 And Mg, and mixing to obtain mixed powder. Wherein the grain size of the TiC powder is 250nm, and ZrO is 2 The powder has a particle size of 5nm and AlSi 10 The particle size of the Mg powder is 15-45 μm; uniformly mixing the mixed powder in a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the ball-material ratio of the mechanical mixing is 2:1, rotating at the speed of 300r/min for 5 hours to obtain uniformly mixed powder, and putting the uniformly mixed powder into a vacuum drying oven for drying; wherein the heat preservation temperature is 120 ℃, the time is 4h, and the vacuum is adoptedDegree less than 10 -4 Pa, obtaining nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder of which the composite powder meets the use requirement of the SLM, adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder into SLM equipment for SLM printing, designing models through three-dimensional software such as Proe and UG, wherein the model format is stl format, setting parameters such as process, placing, supporting and the like through software such as Magics, and sealing and slicing to obtain a printed file, wherein the SLM process is as follows: the laser power is 100W, the scanning speed is 600mm/s, the layer thickness is 25 μm, and the scanning distance is 90 μm; and importing the printing file into SLM equipment, and after printing is finished, carrying out post-processing according to the requirements of the parts.
Example 6
According to 3.5% of TiC powder and 0.5% of ZrO 2 Weighing reinforcement powder and aluminum alloy powder according to the mass fraction ratio of the powder, wherein the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 And Mg, and mixing to obtain mixed powder. Wherein the grain size of the TiC powder is 250nm, and ZrO is 2 The powder has a particle size of 5nm and AlSi 10 The particle size of the Mg powder is 15-45 μm; uniformly mixing the mixed powder in a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the ball-material ratio of the mechanical mixing is 2:1, rotating at the speed of 300r/min for 24 hours to obtain uniformly mixed powder, and putting the uniformly mixed powder into a vacuum drying oven for drying; wherein the heat preservation temperature is 110 ℃, the time is 8h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -4 Pa, obtaining nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder of which the composite powder meets the use requirement of the SLM, adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based powder into SLM equipment for SLM printing, designing models through three-dimensional software such as Proe and UG, wherein the model format is stl format, setting parameters such as process, placing and supporting through software such as Magics, and sealing and slicing to obtain a printed file, wherein the SLM process is as follows: the laser power is 300W, the scanning speed is 1400mm/s, the layer thickness is 40 μm, and the scanning distance is 90 μm; and importing the printing file into SLM equipment, and performing post-processing according to the requirements of the parts after printing is completed.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a powder structure of a nano-sized dual-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material of the present invention, AlSi 10 The Mg spherical powder is externally provided with TiC nano spherical particles and ZrO 2 Nano-sphereParticle attachment; FIG. 2 shows AlSi 10 Comparing the performances before and after Mg modification, and showing that the strength and plasticity of the modified material are obviously improved, the tensile strength is from 420MPa before modification to 500MPa after modification, and the tensile strain is from 5.48 percent before modification to 7.3 percent after modification; FIGS. 3 to 6 are performance test charts of samples obtained after the nano dual-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 4 are subjected to 3D printing laser forming, and it can be seen from the performance test charts that after nano dual-phase particles are added, the strength and the plasticity are compared with those of AlSi before modification 10 The Mg powder is obviously improved.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A nano double-phase reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is characterized by comprising the following components: TiC, ZrO 2 And the balance aluminum alloy;
wherein the mass percent of TiC is more than 0 and less than 10wt percent, ZrO 2 Is more than 0 and less than 10 weight percent; the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 Mg。
2. The method for preparing a nano biphasic reinforced aluminum-based composite material as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
mixing TiC powder and ZrO 2 Mechanically mixing the powder and aluminum alloy powder, and drying to obtain TiC and ZrO 2 The balance of aluminum alloy, wherein the mass percent of TiC is more than 0 and less than 10 wt%, and ZrO is 2 Is more than 0 and less than 10 weight percent; the aluminum alloy is AlSi 10 Mg。
3. The method for preparing the nano dual-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mechanical mixing is performed by a ball mill, and the process parameters of the mechanical mixing are as follows: the rotating speed of the ball mill is 100-300 r/min, and the mechanical mixing time is 5-24 h.
4. The method for preparing the nano biphase-reinforced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 4-12 h.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the TiC powder and ZrO powder are mixed together to form the nano dual phase reinforced Al-based composite material 2 The particle size of the powder is 10-500 nm and 5-30 nm respectively.
6. The method for carrying out 3D printing laser forming on the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared by the method for preparing the nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and adding the obtained nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder into 3D printing equipment for 3D printing laser forming to obtain the 3D printing formed nano double-phase reinforced aluminum-based composite material.
7. The 3D printing laser forming method of the nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material has a powder flowability repose angle of less than 45 ° and a powder sphericity of more than 0.85.
8. The 3D printing laser forming method of the nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the particle size of the nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder is 15-53 μm.
9. The 3D printing laser forming method of the nano biphase reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 6, wherein the 3D printing laser forming process is SLM forming.
10. The 3D printing laser forming method of nano biphase reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 9, wherein the SLM forming process parameters are: the laser power is 100-300W, the scanning speed is 600-1400mm/s, the scanning pitch is 90-120 μm, and the layer thickness is 25-40 μm.
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