CN116900306A - AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metal powder and forming process thereof - Google Patents

AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metal powder and forming process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116900306A
CN116900306A CN202311183372.8A CN202311183372A CN116900306A CN 116900306 A CN116900306 A CN 116900306A CN 202311183372 A CN202311183372 A CN 202311183372A CN 116900306 A CN116900306 A CN 116900306A
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China
Prior art keywords
alsi10mg
zro
metal powder
composite metal
powder
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Application number
CN202311183372.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋博宇
韩永全
刘哲
孙振邦
张达兴
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Inner Mongolia University of Technology
Baotou Vocational and Technical College
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Inner Mongolia University of Technology
Baotou Vocational and Technical College
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Priority to CN202311183372.8A priority Critical patent/CN116900306A/en
Publication of CN116900306A publication Critical patent/CN116900306A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/12Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses an AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metal powder comprising 0.8% ZrO 2 And (3) powder. The invention also discloses an AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 The process for forming composite metal powder includes S1, using Al alloy plate as base plate, laying AlSi10Mg/ZrO by scraper under protection of protective gas 2 The thickness of the powder layer of the composite metal powder is controlled to be 30-60 mu m; s2, scanning the powder layer in the S1 by utilizing laser, and performing selective laser melting forming, wherein the scanning strategy of the laser is M-shaped; s3, taking down the sample formed in the step S2 by utilizing linear cutting, and exceedingAnd (5) performing sonic cleaning to obtain a finished product. AlSi10Mg/ZrO of the invention 2 After alloy is produced by adopting a selective laser melting additive manufacturing and forming process, the composite metal powder has better mechanical property compared with AlSi10Mg (base material), and has wide engineering application value in the fields of aerospace, transportation and the like.

Description

AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metal powder and forming process thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to an AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metal powder and its forming process.
Background
Along with the continuous development of industrial technology, the light AlSi10Mg alloy is widely applied and researched due to high specific strength and excellent electric conductivity and thermal conductivity in the preparation of complex structures such as spacecraft engines, conformal cooling structures and the like. However, since AlSi10Mg alloys are highly oxidizing and have a laser reflectivity of up to 91%, metallurgical defects such as voids, spheroidization, etc. occur during the forming process, deteriorating the forming quality. Meanwhile, due to the characteristic of rapid melting in the SLM technology, grain nucleation is hindered, anisotropy of formed parts is unavoidable, and the application range is severely limited. ZrO is reported to be 2 Not only can effectively refine grains, but also can change the growth mode of the grains, and is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the alloy.
The Chinese patent with the patent number of CN112853168A discloses AlSi10Mg metal powder added with single elements of Er and Zr and a selective laser melting manufacturing process, and samples with tensile strength of 461+/-7 MPa and hardness of 156+/-7 HV are obtained. The invention adds oxide ZrO into AlSi10Mg base material 2 The tensile strength of the manufactured sample is 507+/-5 Mpa, the microhardness is 165+/-2 Hv, the elongation reaches 4.5%, the density reaches 99.7%, and the mechanical property is obviously improved.
The Chinese patent with the patent number of CN109280820A discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy (Al-Si-Zn-Cu-Mg-X), wherein X is one or more of Mn, cr, ti, zr, sc, Y, er, la, ce, nd, gd elements, alloy powder is pre-alloyed and smelted by an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and then powder is prepared by an aerosolization process, the tensile strength of a printed sample exceeds 500MPa, the elongation exceeds 3%, the mechanical property of the material obtained by the process is good, but the high-strength aluminum alloy is expensive, and the prealloying and aerosolization powder preparation processes are complex.
In view of this, it is necessary to develop an AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metal powder and its forming process with ZrO compound 2 The performance of the formed alloy is strengthened, and excellent mechanical properties can be obtained on the basis of cheap base materials and simplified process.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide an AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 A composite metal powder;
the first object of the invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: alSi10Mg/ZrO 2 A composite metal powder comprising, in mass%, alSi10Mg/ZrO 2 The composite metal powder contains 0.8% ZrO 2 And (3) powder.
Preferably, the AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 The composite metal powder is ZrO 2 The powder is mixed with AlSi10Mg metal powder.
Preferably, the AlSi10Mg metal powder comprises, in mass%, si:10.00% -11.00%, mg:0.40% -0.45%, fe:0.14% -0.55%, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, mn: 0.01-0.45%, and the balance of Al.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Carrying out a process of selective laser melting additive manufacturing and forming on the composite metal powder;
the second object of the invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a selective laser melting additive manufacturing forming process comprises the following steps:
s1, paving AlSi10Mg/ZrO by using an Al alloy plate as a substrate under the protection of protective gas through a scraper 2 The thickness of the powder layer of the composite metal powder is controlled to be 30-60 mu m;
s2, scanning the powder layer in the step S1 by utilizing laser, and performing selective laser melting forming, wherein the scanning strategy of the laser is M-shaped;
and S3, taking down the sample formed in the step S2 by utilizing linear cutting, and ultrasonically cleaning to obtain a finished product.
Preferably, in S1, the shielding gas is argon.
Preferably, in the step S2, the laser scanning parameters are: the laser power is 350-400W, the scanning interval is 60-80 mu m, and the scanning speed is 1500-2750 mm/s.
Preferably, in the step S2, the energy density of the laser is controlled to be 68-92J/mm 3
The invention has the advantages that:
the AlSi10Mg/ZrO provided by the invention 2 Composite metal powder added with ZrO 2 After the alloy is produced by adopting a selective laser melting additive manufacturing and forming process, the tensile strength and the hardness of the post-composite AlSi10Mg alloy can be improved, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
1、ZrO 2 has high stability in AlSi10Mg alloy.
2. The composite alloy of selective laser melting printing is not long enough after supersaturated Si is separated out at the boundary due to high cooling rate, so that fine grains are obtained, and the effect of fine grain strengthening is obtained.
3. The composite alloy printed by selective laser melting has the advantages that as the powder is completely melted, the liquid phase is sufficient, a better molten pool is formed, all layers of channels on the surface of a workpiece are completely overlapped, the surface is smoother and smoother, and the forming quality is good.
4. The mechanical properties of the alloy are improved by the composite alloy which is subjected to selective laser melting printing.
AlSi10Mg/ZrO of the invention 2 After alloy is produced by adopting a selective laser melting additive manufacturing and forming process, the composite metal powder has better mechanical property compared with AlSi10Mg (base material), and has wide engineering application value in the fields of aerospace, transportation and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an AlSi10Mg/ZrO 1 example 2 An alloy sample surface typical morphology graph (three-dimensional morphology) prepared by the composite metal powder;
FIG. 2 is a typical topography (three-dimensional topography) of an alloy sample surface prepared from the AlSi10Mg metal powder of example 2;
FIG. 3 is AlSi10Mg/ZrO example 1 2 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) microscopic structure diagram of alloy sample prepared by composite metal powder;
FIG. 4 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) micrograph of an alloy sample prepared from the AlSi10Mg metal powder of example 2;
FIG. 5 is AlSi10Mg/ZrO example 1 2 An alloy sample fracture observation diagram prepared by composite metal powder;
FIG. 6 is a fracture view of an alloy sample prepared from the AlSi10Mg metal powder of example 2;
FIG. 7 is an AlSi10Mg/ZrO example 1 2 Alloy samples prepared from the composite metal powder are perpendicular to a printing direction and have room temperature mechanical property diagrams (tensile strength, microhardness and compactness);
FIG. 8 is a graph of room temperature mechanical properties (tensile strength, microhardness, densification) of an alloy sample prepared from the AlSi10Mg metal powder of example 2 perpendicular to the print direction;
FIG. 9 is AlSi10Mg/ZrO example 1 2 Comparative plot of elongation of alloy samples prepared from composite metal powder and alloy samples prepared from example 2 alsi10mg metal powder.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
By AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metalPowder is subjected to selective laser melting additive manufacturing and shaping to obtain an alloy product, and the alloy product is specific
(1) The substrate is an Al alloy substrate;
(2) Argon is used as a protective gas to fill the printing cabin;
(3) AlSi10Mg/ZrO deposition by doctor blade 2 Composite metal powder, the powder layer is fixed to be 30 mu m; alSi10Mg/ZrO 2 The composite metal powder was 0.8% ZrO 2 The powder is prepared by mixing powder with AlSi10Mg metal powder in a powder mixing machine for 2h, wherein the AlSi10Mg metal powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10.35%, mg:0.43%, fe:0.33%, cu:0.02%, mn:0.30% of Al and the balance of Al;
(4) The scanning strategy of the laser is M type;
(5) Scanning the powder layer in the step (3) by utilizing laser, and carrying out selective laser melting forming; the laser scanning parameters are as follows: the laser power is 350W, the scanning interval is 80 mu m, and the scanning speed is 1500-2750 mm/s; the energy density of the laser is controlled to be 68-92J/mm 3
(6) Taking down the sample in the step (5) by utilizing linear cutting;
(7) And cleaning the sample for 5min by using an ultrasonic cleaner to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
Selective laser melting additive manufacturing forming by utilizing AlSi10Mg metal powder to obtain alloy product, and specific
(1) The substrate is an Al alloy substrate;
(2) Argon is used as a protective gas to fill the printing cabin;
(3) Paving AlSi10Mg metal powder by a scraper, and fixing a powder layer to be 30 mu m; alSi10Mg metal powder comprising, in mass%, si:10.35%, mg:0.43%, fe:0.33%, cu:0.02%, mn:0.30% of Al and the balance of Al;
(4) The scanning strategy of the laser is M type;
(5) Scanning the powder layer in the step (3) by utilizing laser, and carrying out selective laser melting forming; the laser scanning parameters are as follows: the laser power is 350W, the scanning interval is 80 mu m, and the scanning speed is 1500-2750 mm/s; the energy density of the laser is controlled to be 68-92J/mm 3
(6) Taking down the sample in the step (5) by utilizing linear cutting;
(7) And cleaning the sample for 5min by using an ultrasonic cleaner to obtain a finished product.
The finished products obtained in examples 1 and 2 were tested by the following experiments, which specifically included
1. The surface morphology of the samples was measured using a laser confocal detector, the results of which are shown in fig. 1 and 2.
2. The block SLM samples were cut, mechanically ground and polished using standard metallographic methods, followed by Klemer's reagent (2 ml HF,5ml HNO) 3 3ml HCl and H 2 O) after etching the sample for 15s, the microstructure of the alloy sample was analyzed by FEI QUANTA 650 FEG field emission environmental scanning electron microscopy, and the results are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
3. The fracture morphology of the alloy was scanned using SEM, and the results are shown in fig. 5 and 6.
4. The density of the samples was analyzed using archimedes' displacement method, and the results are shown in fig. 7 and 8.
5. The test specimens were subjected to hardness testing using a Vickers hardness tester model HXD-1000TM, with a loading load of 100N and a loading time of 10s. Each face was measured 10 times and averaged after excluding the maximum and minimum values, the results are shown in fig. 7 and 8.
6. The tensile strength and elongation of the test specimens were measured using a universal tester model SHT-4605 at a tensile speed of 1mm/min, and three tests were performed for each group of samples, and the results of the tensile test were arithmetically averaged, and the results are shown in FIGS. 7 to 9.
As can be observed from the figures 1 and 2, gaps, pores and spheroidization exist among the melt channels on the surface of the AlSi10Mg metal powder forming sample in the figure 2, so that the arithmetic average height difference of the surface of the sample is increased, and the surface quality is poor; zrO addition in FIG. 1 2 AlSi10Mg/ZrO after the particles of the strengthening agent 2 In the sample manufactured by the composite metal powder, a molten pool and a molten channel are stable and continuous, the obtained surface is relatively flat, and the surface quality is good.
As can be observed from fig. 3 and 4, the AlSi10Mg metal powder forming sample of fig. 4 has a structure morphology of long strips, which are distributed in a grid form; whereas ZrO is added in FIG. 3 2 AlSi10Mg/ZrO after the particles of the strengthening agent 2 The composite metal powder produced samples had a texture morphology that changed from long strips to uniform honeycombs. This indicates that the ZrO was added 2 Nucleation sites are provided in the solidification process, nucleation is promoted, and the effect of grain refinement is achieved.
As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the AlSi10Mg metal powder formed sample in FIG. 6 has many cracks and localized embrittlement, whereas ZrO-addition in FIG. 5 2 AlSi10Mg/ZrO after the particles of the strengthening agent 2 The composite metal powder manufacturing samples observe river-like patterns and some shallower dents, have ductile pits, reduce fracture surfaces and improve the elongation of the alloy.
As can be seen from FIGS. 7 to 9, alSi10Mg/ZrO in example 1 2 The tensile strength of the sample manufactured by the composite metal powder is 507Mpa, the microhardness is 165Hv, the compactness is 99.7%, the elongation is 4.5%, compared with the tensile strength of the sample manufactured by the AlSi10Mg metal powder in the embodiment 2 is 461Mpa, the microhardness is 156Hv, the compactness is 99%, the elongation is 3.6%, and the mechanical property is obviously improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 A composite metal powder characterized in that the AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 The composite metal powder contains 0.8% ZrO 2 And (3) powder.
2. An AlSi10Mg/ZrO as claimed in claim 1 2 A composite metal powder, characterized in that the AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 The composite metal powder is ZrO 2 The powder is mixed with AlSi10Mg metal powder.
3. An AlSi10Mg/ZrO as claimed in claim 1 2 A composite metal powder characterized in that the AlSi10Mg metal is contained in mass percentThe powder comprises Si:10.00% -11.00%, mg:0.40% -0.45%, fe:0.14% -0.55%, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, mn: 0.01-0.45%, and the balance of Al.
4. An AlSi10Mg/ZrO as claimed in any of claims 1-3 2 The forming processing technology of the composite metal powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, paving AlSi10Mg/ZrO by using an Al alloy plate as a substrate under the protection of protective gas through a scraper 2 The thickness of the powder layer of the composite metal powder is controlled to be 30-60 mu m;
s2, scanning the powder layer in the step S1 by utilizing laser, and performing selective laser melting forming, wherein the scanning strategy of the laser is M-shaped;
and S3, taking down the sample formed in the step S2 by utilizing linear cutting, and ultrasonically cleaning to obtain a finished product.
5. An AlSi10Mg/ZrO as claimed in claim 4 2 In the forming process of the composite metal powder, in S1, the shielding gas is argon.
6. An AlSi10Mg/ZrO as claimed in claim 4 2 The forming process of the composite metal powder is characterized in that in S2, laser scanning parameters are as follows: the laser power is 350-400W, the scanning interval is 60-80 mu m, and the scanning speed is 1500-2750 mm/s.
7. An AlSi10Mg/ZrO as claimed in claim 4 2 The forming processing technology of the composite metal powder is characterized in that in the S2, the energy density of laser is controlled to be 68-92J/mm 3
CN202311183372.8A 2023-09-14 2023-09-14 AlSi10Mg/ZrO 2 Composite metal powder and forming process thereof Withdrawn CN116900306A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111974986A (en) * 2020-08-06 2020-11-24 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 Aluminum metal composite powder and laser additive prepared from same
CN112695220A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-23 上海航天精密机械研究所 Selective laser melting forming nano TiB2Preparation method of reinforced aluminum-based composite material
CN112853168A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 北京工业大学 AlSi10Mg powder and selective laser melting manufacturing process
CN114990415A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-09-02 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and 3D printing forming method thereof
WO2022195227A1 (en) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-22 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Process for manufacturing an aluminium alloy part by laser powder bed fusion
CN116493605A (en) * 2023-06-28 2023-07-28 内蒙古工业大学 Rare earth 7075 aluminum alloy laser selective melting process parameter optimization method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111974986A (en) * 2020-08-06 2020-11-24 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 Aluminum metal composite powder and laser additive prepared from same
CN112695220A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-23 上海航天精密机械研究所 Selective laser melting forming nano TiB2Preparation method of reinforced aluminum-based composite material
CN112853168A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 北京工业大学 AlSi10Mg powder and selective laser melting manufacturing process
WO2022195227A1 (en) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-22 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Process for manufacturing an aluminium alloy part by laser powder bed fusion
CN114990415A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-09-02 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and 3D printing forming method thereof
CN116493605A (en) * 2023-06-28 2023-07-28 内蒙古工业大学 Rare earth 7075 aluminum alloy laser selective melting process parameter optimization method

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