CN114045417A - Lightweight aluminum alloy composite material, compressor roller and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight aluminum alloy composite material, compressor roller and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114045417A CN114045417A CN202111358116.9A CN202111358116A CN114045417A CN 114045417 A CN114045417 A CN 114045417A CN 202111358116 A CN202111358116 A CN 202111358116A CN 114045417 A CN114045417 A CN 114045417A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical group S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001095 light aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021343 molybdenum disilicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 particularly Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0005—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0089—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with other, not previously mentioned inorganic compounds as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. sulfides, glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
- B22F2003/208—Warm or hot extruding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2240/00—Components
- F04C2240/20—Rotors
Abstract
The invention discloses a lightweight aluminum alloy composite material, which comprises 0.5-2% of lubricating phase, 0.5-15% of ceramic phase and the balance of matrix alloy; wherein the matrix contains the following elements in total by mass: 20-30% of silicon, 2-4% of copper, 2-4% of magnesium, 0.1-0.5% of zirconium, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-2% of nickel and the balance of aluminum; the lubricating phase is molybdenum disulfide, and the ceramic phase is one or the combination of two of zirconia and silicon carbide powder. The invention also discloses a compressor roller prepared by using the lightweight aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation method thereof. The lightweight aluminum alloy composite material provided by the invention has good wear resistance and high strength performance, and parts made of the lightweight aluminum alloy composite material, such as rollers, are light in weight, low in specific gravity and noise, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance are improved, so that the maintenance caused by wear is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy material and preparation thereof, in particular to a lightweight aluminum alloy composite material, a compressor roller prepared from the lightweight aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation method of the compressor roller.
Background
The rotary vane type compressor is a main technical mode of air-conditioning refrigeration equipment, the core part of the rotary vane type compressor is a slide vane and a roller, and the roller of the existing rotary vane type air-conditioning compressor part is made of steel materials, so that the specific gravity is high, the noise is high, the corrosion resistance is poor, and the energy efficiency, the noise and the maintenance are influenced. Moreover, along with the aggravation of market competition, energy conservation, noise reduction, self lubrication and less maintenance are key points of the competition, and meanwhile, the roller serving as a core part of the rotary vane compressor is light in weight and low in friction coefficient, has important significance for energy conservation, consumption reduction, noise reduction and service life extension, and is also the direction of market iteration upgrading.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant high-strength lightweight aluminum alloy composite material, which can be used to manufacture parts such as rollers with low specific gravity and low noise, and which has improved wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant properties and greatly reduced maintenance caused by wear.
The invention also aims to provide a rotary vane type compressor roller prepared from the aluminum alloy composite material.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the rotary vane compressor roller.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a lightweight aluminum alloy composite material comprises 0.5-2% of lubricating phase, 0.5-15% of ceramic phase and the balance of matrix alloy; wherein the matrix contains the following elements in total by mass: 20-30% of silicon, 2-4% of copper, 2-4% of magnesium, 0.1-0.5% of zirconium, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-2% of nickel and the balance of aluminum; the lubricating phase is molybdenum disulfide, and the ceramic phase is one or the combination of two of zirconia and silicon carbide powder.
The ceramic phase is zirconia and silicon carbide powder.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a rotary vane compressor roller is prepared from the aluminum alloy composite material.
The third purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the rotary vane compressor roller comprises the following steps:
(1) taking raw materials according to the mass fraction of the matrix alloy elements, smelting and atomizing the raw materials to prepare matrix alloy powder;
(2) uniformly mixing the lubricating phase and the ceramic phase with the matrix alloy powder according to a proportion, and performing ball milling to prepare composite powder;
(3) pre-pressing the mixed powder into a cylindrical blank, and then performing hot extrusion to form a pipe;
(4) and carrying out heat treatment on the extruded pipe, and cutting to obtain the roller.
In the step (4), the pipe after heat treatment is subjected to finish machining, namely, the inner circle and the outer circle of the pipe are subjected to finish machining, and then the pipe is cut according to the height of a product and the end face is subjected to finish machining to obtain the roller.
In the step (1), the base alloy raw material is prepared into base alloy powder in a rapid solidification gas atomization mode, the powder passes through a 100-mesh screen, the atomization gas is nitrogen or air, and the temperature of an atomized melt is 780-850 ℃.
The ball milling medium in the step (2) is ceramic balls with a ball-material ratio of 2:1 to 4:1, the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or vacuum, and the ball milling time is 1-12 hours
In the step (3), the mixed powder is pre-pressed into a cylindrical blank by adopting a method of press forming, cold isostatic pressing forming or vacuum hot jacket forming. Wherein the extrusion temperature is 380-480 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 6-12, and forward extrusion or backward extrusion is adopted for extrusion.
In the step (4), the heat treatment comprises solid solution, quenching and aging, wherein the solid solution: the temperature is 450-480 ℃, and the temperature rise speed is 5-10 ℃ per minute. The heat preservation time is 1-2 hours; quenching: the temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the medium is water; aging: the temperature is 130-160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 12-24 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the existing steel alloy, the novel lightweight aluminum alloy composite material provided by the invention has the advantages that the specific gravity is small and is 1/3 of the original steel, the weight is light and is nearly 2/3, the operation energy consumption can be reduced, the energy is saved, and the energy efficiency is improved. Wherein, the strength, rigidity and wear resistance of the matrix aluminum alloy are better than those of the traditional aluminum alloy; the addition of the lubricating phase and the ceramic phase ensures that the aluminum alloy material has ultramicro uniformly distributed silicon particles, improves the self-lubricating property and can reduce the noise by about 10 decibels; the added ceramic phase can improve the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy, adjust the thermal expansion coefficient and further improve the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy. The roller prepared from the aluminum alloy composite material has higher wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant performance, and compared with the conventional roller, the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant performance is improved by more than 50%, so that the maintenance caused by wear is greatly reduced, and the service life of the roller is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of a compressor roller.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of a product of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The aluminum alloy ceramic composite material has the following composition characteristics: 67.613% of aluminum, 18.2% of silicon, 2.275% of copper, 1.82% of magnesium, 0.182% of zirconium, 0.455% of iron, 0.455% of nickel, 1% of molybdenum disulfide, 2% of zirconium oxide and 6% of silicon carbide powder. Wherein, the content of the matrix aluminum alloy is 91 percent. The base aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 74.3% of aluminum, 20% of silicon, 2.5% of copper, 2.0% of magnesium, 0.2% of zirconium, 0.5% of iron and 0.5% of nickel.
A lubricating phase: molybdenum disulfide 1%.
Ceramic phase: 2% of zirconium oxide and 6% of silicon carbide powder.
Preparing a roller:
(1) the base alloy is prepared by taking raw materials according to the proportion, smelting and atomizing the raw materials in a rapid solidification gas atomization mode to prepare base alloy powder, and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve. Wherein in the rapid solidification gas atomization mode, the atomization gas is nitrogen or air, and the temperature of the atomized melt is 780-850 ℃.
(2) And uniformly mixing 91% of matrix alloy powder, 1% of lubricating phase and 8% of ceramic phase, and performing ball milling to prepare composite powder. Ball milling medium: ceramic balls; ball milling time is 2-6 hours; protective atmosphere: nitrogen gas.
(3) Pre-pressing the composite powder into a cylindrical blank: cold isostatic pressing, size diameter 100 long 500mm, then hot extrusion into pipe.
Hot extrusion into a tube: blank preheating, temperature 450, extrusion barrel temperature: 420 ℃;
extrusion ratio: 6.25;
the extrusion method comprises the following steps: and (4) positive extrusion.
(4) And (3) carrying out heat treatment on the extruded pipe, then carrying out finish machining, namely finish machining on the inner circle and the outer circle of the pipe, then cutting according to the height of the product and finish machining the end face to obtain the roller.
The heat treatment includes solution and quenching and aging.
Solid solution: keeping the temperature for 2 hours at 475 ℃;
quenching: 55-65 ℃; medium: water; the time is 10 seconds;
aging: and keeping the temperature at 125 ℃ for 12 hours.
Finish machining: finish machining of the inner circle and the outer circle, and finish machining after rough turning; and (5) finishing the end face, and finishing and grinding the two sides after coarse grinding.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is:
the aluminum alloy ceramic composite material has the following composition characteristics: 63.063% of aluminum, 22.75% of silicon, 2.3% of copper, 1.84% of magnesium, 0.184% of zirconium, 0.46% of iron, 0.46% of nickel and 1% of molybdenum disulfide; 2% of zirconium oxide and 6% of silicon carbide powder. Wherein, the content of the matrix aluminum alloy is 91 percent. The base aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 69.3% of aluminum, 25% of silicon, 2.5% of copper, 2.0% of magnesium, 0.2% of zirconium, 0.5% of iron and 0.5% of nickel.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is:
the aluminum alloy ceramic composite material has the following composition characteristics: 63.063% of aluminum, 22.75% of silicon, 2.3% of copper, 1.84% of magnesium, 0.184% of zirconium, 0.46% of iron, 0.46% of nickel and 1% of molybdenum disulfide; 8 percent of silicon carbide. Wherein, the content of the matrix aluminum alloy is 91 percent. The base aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 69.3% of aluminum, 25% of silicon, 2.5% of copper, 2.0% of magnesium, 0.2% of zirconium, 0.5% of iron and 0.5% of nickel.
A lubricating phase: molybdenum disulfide 1%.
Ceramic phase: 8 percent of silicon carbide powder.
Example 4
The aluminum alloy ceramic composite material has the following composition characteristics: 63.063% of aluminum, 22.75% of silicon, 2.3% of copper, 1.84% of magnesium, 0.184% of zirconium, 0.46% of iron, 0.46% of nickel and 1% of molybdenum disulfide; 8 percent of zirconium oxide. Wherein, the content of the matrix aluminum alloy is 91 percent. The base aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 69.3% of aluminum, 25% of silicon, 2.5% of copper, 2.0% of magnesium, 0.2% of zirconium, 0.5% of iron and 0.5% of nickel.
A lubricating phase: molybdenum disulfide 1%.
Ceramic phase: 8 percent of zirconium oxide.
TABLE 1 Performance Table of aluminum alloy ceramic composite material
TABLE 2 comparative data for three-body abrasive wear test
| Material | Process for the preparation of a coating | Volume abrasion loss/mm3 | Relative wear resistance |
| High manganese steel | Casting | 62.3 | 1.00 |
| Example 1 | Powder metallurgy | 55.6 | 1.12 |
| Example 2 | Powder metallurgy | 49.8 | 1.25 |
| Example 3 | Powder metallurgy | 45.8 | 1.36 |
| Example 4 | Powder metallurgy | 47.9 | 1.30 |
The test was performed on a three-part abrasion tester. The process conditions are as follows: the abrasive particles are less than 50mm, the track radius is 200mm, the track width is 20mm, the rotating speed of the sample is 50r/min, the load is 4Kg, and the time is 2 h.
The detection result shows that the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy composite material provided by the invention is higher than that of the traditional high manganese steel roller, the tensile strength is more than 400Mpa, the tensile strength is equivalent to that of cast steel, the elastic modulus is 2 times of that of common aluminum alloy, the hardness is 2 times of that of common aluminum alloy, particularly, silicon points of the aluminum alloy composite material with high silicon content are uniformly distributed on the surface of the roller, the self-lubricating property is good, the friction coefficient of the material is low, and the wear resistance exceeds that of the high manganese steel by about 20%. The addition of the ceramic phase reduces the expansion coefficient of the aluminum alloy and enables the assembled shell to have more precise rolling seal. The material specific strength is high, the weight of the roller is reduced by two thirds, energy and electricity are saved, and the operation cost is reduced. High silicon content, small and uniform silicon particles and molybdenum disilicide ceramic phase have good self-lubricating property, and greatly reduce the running noise. Is an ideal lightweight wear-resistant material for replacing the prior steel roller.
Claims (10)
1. The light aluminum alloy composite material is characterized by comprising 0.5-2% of lubricating phase, 0.5-15% of ceramic phase and the balance of matrix alloy; wherein the matrix contains the following elements in total by mass: 20-30% of silicon, 2-4% of copper, 2-4% of magnesium, 0.1-0.5% of zirconium, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-2% of nickel and the balance of aluminum; the lubricating phase is molybdenum disulfide, and the ceramic phase is one or the combination of two of zirconia and silicon carbide powder.
2. The lightweight aluminum alloy composite material as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ceramic phase is zirconia and silicon carbide powder.
3. A compressor roller is characterized in that the compressor roller is made of an aluminum alloy composite material; wherein the aluminum alloy composite material comprises 0.5-2% of lubricating phase, 0.5-15% of ceramic phase and the balance of matrix alloy; wherein the matrix contains the following elements in total by mass: 20-30% of silicon, 2-4% of copper, 2-4% of magnesium, 0.1-0.5% of zirconium, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-2% of nickel and the balance of aluminum; the lubricating phase is molybdenum disulfide, and the ceramic phase is one or the combination of two of zirconia and silicon carbide powder.
4. A method for preparing a compressor roller as claimed in claim 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking raw materials according to the mass fraction of the matrix alloy elements, smelting and atomizing the raw materials to prepare matrix alloy powder;
(2) uniformly mixing the lubricating phase and the ceramic phase with the matrix alloy powder according to a proportion, and performing ball milling to prepare composite powder;
(3) pre-pressing the mixed powder into a cylindrical blank, and then performing hot extrusion to form a pipe;
(4) and carrying out heat treatment on the extruded pipe, and cutting to obtain the roller.
5. The method for manufacturing a roller of a compressor as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the heat-treated pipe is subjected to finish machining, i.e., finish machining of the inner and outer circles of the pipe, and then cutting and finish machining of the end faces according to the height of the product to obtain the roller.
6. The method for preparing the compressor roller according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the base alloy raw material is prepared into base alloy powder by a rapid solidification gas atomization mode, the powder passes through a 100-mesh screen, the atomization gas is nitrogen or air, and the temperature of an atomized melt is 780-850 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the compressor roller according to claim 4, wherein the ball milling medium in the step (2) is ceramic balls, the ball-to-material ratio is 2:1 to 4:1, the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or vacuum, and the ball milling time is 1-12 hours.
8. The method for manufacturing a compressor roller according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the mixed powder is pre-pressed into a cylindrical blank by a method of press forming, cold isostatic pressing forming or vacuum hot jacket forming.
9. The method for preparing the compressor roller according to claim 8, wherein in the press forming, the cold isostatic pressing forming or the vacuum hot jacket forming, the extrusion temperature is 380 to 480 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 6 to 12, and the forward extrusion or the backward extrusion is adopted for the extrusion.
10. The method for manufacturing a compressor roller according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the heat treatment includes solution and quenching and aging, wherein the solution: the temperature is 450-480 ℃, and the temperature rise speed is 5-10 ℃ per minute. The heat preservation time is 1-2 hours; quenching: the temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the medium is water; aging: the temperature is 130-160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 12-24 hours.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114990415A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-02 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and 3D printing forming method thereof |
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| US5372775A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1994-12-13 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of preparing particle composite alloy having an aluminum matrix |
| US5614036A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1997-03-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | High heat resisting and high abrasion resisting aluminum alloy |
| CN101463440A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2009-06-24 | 山东大学 | Aluminum based composite material for piston and preparation thereof |
| WO2012113428A1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-30 | Daimler Ag | Aluminum matrix composite material, semi-finished product consisting of the aluminum matrix composite material and method for producing the same |
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| US4661154A (en) * | 1985-02-01 | 1987-04-28 | Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminum Pechiney | Process for the production by powder metallurgy of components subjected to friction |
| US5372775A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1994-12-13 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of preparing particle composite alloy having an aluminum matrix |
| US5614036A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1997-03-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | High heat resisting and high abrasion resisting aluminum alloy |
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| CN114990415A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-02 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and 3D printing forming method thereof |
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